Suzy is half right here.  The queen can sting and sting and sting.  

BUT, apart from her one and only mating flight, the queen (honey bee) doesn't 
leave the hive by herself.  The only other time she leaves is if the hive 
gets overcrowded in which case she will take about half of the bees with her as 
a 
swarm, which I already wrote about the other day.  In a swarm, she will be in 
the middle as it is her pheromones that keep the swarm together, and so she 
won't be stinging anything.

The reason why the queen can sting and sting is because if the worker bees 
decide to build queen cells, and feed the larvae accordingly so they develop as 
young queens instead of workers, the old queen will sting the nearly developed 
queen in her cocoon before she hatches.  Simplifying it, usually the only 
time a queen cell will be able to produce a living queen is after the original 
queen has left with a swarm.  Sometimes then two or three will hatch at much 
the 
same time and scrap it out between them as only one will survive.

If anything should happen to the old queen, so long as there are newly laid 
eggs in the hive, the queenless state of the hive will trigger the workers into 
producing queen cells.  Within three weeks a new queen should hatch, but she 
then has to fly out and find and mate with drone bees before she can return 
and start laying.  As the fully developed bees only live for about six weeks in 
summer, this means that practically a whole generation is lost, so beekeepers 
are very careful with their queens. 

Jacquie 

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