Hi folks, The following shows the latest progress of EROFS big pcluster feature for the upcoming 5.13, note that big pcluster also enables inplace decompression to minimize extra page allocation and cache thrashing.
Kernel: Linux 5.10-rc5 Testsuite: erofs-openbenchmark Testdata: enwik9 (1000000000 bytes) Compression algorithm: lz4hc, 9 Processor: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8250U CPU @ 1.60GHz SSD: INTEL SSDPEKKF360G7H (360 GB) DDR: Samsung M471A1K43CB1-CRC (8 GB) OS Distribution: Debian 10 Test environment: Turbo Boost disabled scaling_governor = userspace, scaling_{min,max}_freq = 1801000 Squashfs configuration: CONFIG_SQUASHFS_FILE_DIRECT=y CONFIG_SQUASHFS_DECOMP_MULTI_PERCPU=y EROFS git repos: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xiang/linux.git -b erofs/bigpcluster https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xiang/erofs-utils.git -b experimental-bigpcluster-compact Note that test data should vary on different CPU/storage combinations. The principle to boost up seq read is that many (not all) storage devices perform lower I/O latency with smaller I/O size, so increase pcluster size would increase C/R thus I/O size would be smaller. ________________________________________________________________ | file system | size | seq read | rand read | rand9m read | |_______________|___________|_ MiB/s __|__ MiB/s __|___ MiB/s ___| |___erofs_4k____|_556879872_|_ 781.4 __|__ 55.3 ___|___ 25.3 ___| |___erofs_16k___|_452509696_|_ 864.8 __|_ 123.2 ___|___ 20.8 ___| |___erofs_32k___|_415223808_|_ 899.8 __|_ 105.8 _*_|___ 16.8 ____| |___erofs_64k___|_393814016_|_ 906.6 __|__ 66.6 _*_|___ 11.8 ____| |__squashfs_8k__|_556191744_|_ 64.9 __|__ 19.3 ___|____ 9.1 ____| |__squashfs_16k_|_502661120_|_ 98.9 __|__ 38.0 ___|____ 9.8 ____| |__squashfs_32k_|_458784768_|_ 115.4 __|__ 71.6 _*_|___ 10.0 ____| |_squashfs_128k_|_398204928_|_ 257.2 __|_ 253.8 _*_|___ 10.9 ____| |____ext4_4k____|____()_____|_ 786.6 __|__ 28.6 ___|___ 27.8 ____| * Squashfs grabs more page cache to keep all decompressed data with grab_cache_page_nowait() than the normal requested readahead (see squashfs_copy_cache and squashfs_readpage_block). In principle, EROFS can also cache such all decompressed data if necessary, yet it's low priority for now and have little use (rand9m is actually a better rand read workload, since the amount of I/O is 9m rather than full-sized 1000m). For the comparison of other filesystems, see: https://github.com/erofs/erofs-openbenchmark/wiki Thanks, Gao Xiang RAW DATA: benchmarking imgs/enwik9_4k.erofs.compacted.img with erofs mntdir/enwik9 [seqread] READ: bw=832MiB/s (873MB/s), 832MiB/s-832MiB/s (873MB/s-873MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1146-1146msec READ: bw=780MiB/s (818MB/s), 780MiB/s-780MiB/s (818MB/s-818MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1222-1222msec READ: bw=771MiB/s (808MB/s), 771MiB/s-771MiB/s (808MB/s-808MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1237-1237msec READ: bw=761MiB/s (797MB/s), 761MiB/s-761MiB/s (797MB/s-797MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1254-1254msec READ: bw=763MiB/s (800MB/s), 763MiB/s-763MiB/s (800MB/s-800MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1250-1250msec [randread] READ: bw=56.1MiB/s (58.8MB/s), 56.1MiB/s-56.1MiB/s (58.8MB/s-58.8MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=16995-16995msec READ: bw=54.6MiB/s (57.3MB/s), 54.6MiB/s-54.6MiB/s (57.3MB/s-57.3MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=17457-17457msec READ: bw=54.6MiB/s (57.3MB/s), 54.6MiB/s-54.6MiB/s (57.3MB/s-57.3MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=17460-17460msec READ: bw=56.7MiB/s (59.5MB/s), 56.7MiB/s-56.7MiB/s (59.5MB/s-59.5MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=16811-16811msec READ: bw=54.6MiB/s (57.2MB/s), 54.6MiB/s-54.6MiB/s (57.2MB/s-57.2MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=17479-17479msec [randread_9m] READ: bw=23.8MiB/s (24.0MB/s), 23.8MiB/s-23.8MiB/s (24.0MB/s-24.0MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=378-378msec READ: bw=24.6MiB/s (25.8MB/s), 24.6MiB/s-24.6MiB/s (25.8MB/s-25.8MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=366-366msec READ: bw=25.6MiB/s (26.8MB/s), 25.6MiB/s-25.6MiB/s (26.8MB/s-26.8MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=352-352msec READ: bw=26.1MiB/s (27.4MB/s), 26.1MiB/s-26.1MiB/s (27.4MB/s-27.4MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=345-345msec READ: bw=26.3MiB/s (27.6MB/s), 26.3MiB/s-26.3MiB/s (27.6MB/s-27.6MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=342-342msec benchmarking imgs/enwik9_16k.erofs.compacted.img with erofs mntdir/enwik9 [seqread] READ: bw=905MiB/s (949MB/s), 905MiB/s-905MiB/s (949MB/s-949MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1054-1054msec READ: bw=845MiB/s (887MB/s), 845MiB/s-845MiB/s (887MB/s-887MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1128-1128msec READ: bw=860MiB/s (902MB/s), 860MiB/s-860MiB/s (902MB/s-902MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1109-1109msec READ: bw=861MiB/s (903MB/s), 861MiB/s-861MiB/s (903MB/s-903MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1107-1107msec READ: bw=853MiB/s (894MB/s), 853MiB/s-853MiB/s (894MB/s-894MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1118-1118msec [randread] READ: bw=126MiB/s (132MB/s), 126MiB/s-126MiB/s (132MB/s-132MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=7552-7552msec READ: bw=125MiB/s (131MB/s), 125MiB/s-125MiB/s (131MB/s-131MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=7626-7626msec READ: bw=122MiB/s (128MB/s), 122MiB/s-122MiB/s (128MB/s-128MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=7809-7809msec READ: bw=122MiB/s (128MB/s), 122MiB/s-122MiB/s (128MB/s-128MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=7841-7841msec READ: bw=121MiB/s (127MB/s), 121MiB/s-121MiB/s (127MB/s-127MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=7878-7878msec [randread_9m] READ: bw=20.4MiB/s (21.4MB/s), 20.4MiB/s-20.4MiB/s (21.4MB/s-21.4MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=441-441msec READ: bw=21.0MiB/s (22.0MB/s), 21.0MiB/s-21.0MiB/s (22.0MB/s-22.0MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=428-428msec READ: bw=20.8MiB/s (21.8MB/s), 20.8MiB/s-20.8MiB/s (21.8MB/s-21.8MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=432-432msec READ: bw=20.9MiB/s (21.9MB/s), 20.9MiB/s-20.9MiB/s (21.9MB/s-21.9MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=431-431msec READ: bw=20.8MiB/s (21.8MB/s), 20.8MiB/s-20.8MiB/s (21.8MB/s-21.8MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=433-433msec benchmarking imgs/enwik9_32k.erofs.compacted.img with erofs mntdir/enwik9 [seqread] READ: bw=925MiB/s (970MB/s), 925MiB/s-925MiB/s (970MB/s-970MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1031-1031msec READ: bw=933MiB/s (978MB/s), 933MiB/s-933MiB/s (978MB/s-978MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1022-1022msec READ: bw=921MiB/s (965MB/s), 921MiB/s-921MiB/s (965MB/s-965MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1036-1036msec READ: bw=862MiB/s (904MB/s), 862MiB/s-862MiB/s (904MB/s-904MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1106-1106msec READ: bw=858MiB/s (900MB/s), 858MiB/s-858MiB/s (900MB/s-900MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1111-1111msec [randread] READ: bw=121MiB/s (127MB/s), 121MiB/s-121MiB/s (127MB/s-127MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=7853-7853msec READ: bw=101MiB/s (106MB/s), 101MiB/s-101MiB/s (106MB/s-106MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=9415-9415msec READ: bw=103MiB/s (108MB/s), 103MiB/s-103MiB/s (108MB/s-108MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=9290-9290msec READ: bw=102MiB/s (107MB/s), 102MiB/s-102MiB/s (107MB/s-107MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=9312-9312msec READ: bw=102MiB/s (107MB/s), 102MiB/s-102MiB/s (107MB/s-107MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=9325-9325msec [randread_9m] READ: bw=16.4MiB/s (17.2MB/s), 16.4MiB/s-16.4MiB/s (17.2MB/s-17.2MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=548-548msec READ: bw=16.7MiB/s (17.5MB/s), 16.7MiB/s-16.7MiB/s (17.5MB/s-17.5MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=539-539msec READ: bw=16.8MiB/s (17.6MB/s), 16.8MiB/s-16.8MiB/s (17.6MB/s-17.6MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=537-537msec READ: bw=17.5MiB/s (18.4MB/s), 17.5MiB/s-17.5MiB/s (18.4MB/s-18.4MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=513-513msec READ: bw=16.6MiB/s (17.4MB/s), 16.6MiB/s-16.6MiB/s (17.4MB/s-17.4MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=543-543msec benchmarking imgs/enwik9_64k.erofs.compacted.img with erofs mntdir/enwik9 [seqread] READ: bw=963MiB/s (1010MB/s), 963MiB/s-963MiB/s (1010MB/s-1010MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=990-990msec READ: bw=941MiB/s (986MB/s), 941MiB/s-941MiB/s (986MB/s-986MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1014-1014msec READ: bw=928MiB/s (973MB/s), 928MiB/s-928MiB/s (973MB/s-973MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1028-1028msec READ: bw=857MiB/s (898MB/s), 857MiB/s-857MiB/s (898MB/s-898MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1113-1113msec READ: bw=844MiB/s (885MB/s), 844MiB/s-844MiB/s (885MB/s-885MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1130-1130msec [randread] READ: bw=73.6MiB/s (77.2MB/s), 73.6MiB/s-73.6MiB/s (77.2MB/s-77.2MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=12954-12954msec READ: bw=65.8MiB/s (68.0MB/s), 65.8MiB/s-65.8MiB/s (68.0MB/s-68.0MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=14495-14495msec READ: bw=65.4MiB/s (68.6MB/s), 65.4MiB/s-65.4MiB/s (68.6MB/s-68.6MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=14576-14576msec READ: bw=65.0MiB/s (69.2MB/s), 65.0MiB/s-65.0MiB/s (69.2MB/s-69.2MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=14450-14450msec READ: bw=62.8MiB/s (65.8MB/s), 62.8MiB/s-62.8MiB/s (65.8MB/s-65.8MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=15189-15189msec [randread_9m] READ: bw=12.5MiB/s (13.1MB/s), 12.5MiB/s-12.5MiB/s (13.1MB/s-13.1MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=718-718msec READ: bw=12.4MiB/s (12.0MB/s), 12.4MiB/s-12.4MiB/s (12.0MB/s-12.0MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=727-727msec READ: bw=12.5MiB/s (13.1MB/s), 12.5MiB/s-12.5MiB/s (13.1MB/s-13.1MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=720-720msec READ: bw=10.7MiB/s (11.2MB/s), 10.7MiB/s-10.7MiB/s (11.2MB/s-11.2MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=839-839msec READ: bw=11.1MiB/s (11.6MB/s), 11.1MiB/s-11.1MiB/s (11.6MB/s-11.6MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=811-811msec benchmarking imgs/enwik9_8k.squashfs.img with squashfs mntdir/enwik9 [seqread] READ: bw=70.0MiB/s (74.4MB/s), 70.0MiB/s-70.0MiB/s (74.4MB/s-74.4MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=13439-13439msec READ: bw=63.0MiB/s (67.1MB/s), 63.0MiB/s-63.0MiB/s (67.1MB/s-67.1MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=14906-14906msec READ: bw=62.8MiB/s (65.9MB/s), 62.8MiB/s-62.8MiB/s (65.9MB/s-65.9MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=15179-15179msec READ: bw=64.7MiB/s (67.9MB/s), 64.7MiB/s-64.7MiB/s (67.9MB/s-67.9MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=14735-14735msec READ: bw=63.8MiB/s (66.9MB/s), 63.8MiB/s-63.8MiB/s (66.9MB/s-66.9MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=14957-14957msec [randread] READ: bw=18.8MiB/s (19.7MB/s), 18.8MiB/s-18.8MiB/s (19.7MB/s-19.7MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=50859-50859msec READ: bw=20.3MiB/s (21.3MB/s), 20.3MiB/s-20.3MiB/s (21.3MB/s-21.3MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=46996-46996msec READ: bw=20.5MiB/s (21.5MB/s), 20.5MiB/s-20.5MiB/s (21.5MB/s-21.5MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=46615-46615msec READ: bw=18.6MiB/s (19.5MB/s), 18.6MiB/s-18.6MiB/s (19.5MB/s-19.5MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=51277-51277msec READ: bw=18.3MiB/s (19.1MB/s), 18.3MiB/s-18.3MiB/s (19.1MB/s-19.1MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=52234-52234msec [randread_9m] READ: bw=9000KiB/s (9216kB/s), 9000KiB/s-9000KiB/s (9216kB/s-9216kB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=1024-1024msec READ: bw=9207KiB/s (9428kB/s), 9207KiB/s-9207KiB/s (9428kB/s-9428kB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=1001-1001msec READ: bw=9888KiB/s (10.1MB/s), 9888KiB/s-9888KiB/s (10.1MB/s-10.1MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=932-932msec READ: bw=9347KiB/s (9571kB/s), 9347KiB/s-9347KiB/s (9571kB/s-9571kB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=986-986msec READ: bw=8948KiB/s (9162kB/s), 8948KiB/s-8948KiB/s (9162kB/s-9162kB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=1030-1030msec benchmarking imgs/enwik9_16k.squashfs.img with squashfs mntdir/enwik9 [seqread] READ: bw=103MiB/s (108MB/s), 103MiB/s-103MiB/s (108MB/s-108MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=9296-9296msec READ: bw=98.4MiB/s (103MB/s), 98.4MiB/s-98.4MiB/s (103MB/s-103MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=9691-9691msec READ: bw=101MiB/s (106MB/s), 101MiB/s-101MiB/s (106MB/s-106MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=9430-9430msec READ: bw=93.1MiB/s (97.6MB/s), 93.1MiB/s-93.1MiB/s (97.6MB/s-97.6MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=10244-10244msec READ: bw=98.9MiB/s (104MB/s), 98.9MiB/s-98.9MiB/s (104MB/s-104MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=9641-9641msec [randread] READ: bw=36.1MiB/s (37.9MB/s), 36.1MiB/s-36.1MiB/s (37.9MB/s-37.9MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=26402-26402msec READ: bw=39.1MiB/s (41.0MB/s), 39.1MiB/s-39.1MiB/s (41.0MB/s-41.0MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=24374-24374msec READ: bw=37.0MiB/s (38.8MB/s), 37.0MiB/s-37.0MiB/s (38.8MB/s-38.8MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=25740-25740msec READ: bw=36.5MiB/s (38.3MB/s), 36.5MiB/s-36.5MiB/s (38.3MB/s-38.3MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=26122-26122msec READ: bw=41.4MiB/s (43.4MB/s), 41.4MiB/s-41.4MiB/s (43.4MB/s-43.4MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=23062-23062msec [randread_9m] READ: bw=9.93MiB/s (10.4MB/s), 9.93MiB/s-9.93MiB/s (10.4MB/s-10.4MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=906-906msec READ: bw=9773KiB/s (10.0MB/s), 9773KiB/s-9773KiB/s (10.0MB/s-10.0MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=943-943msec READ: bw=9671KiB/s (9903kB/s), 9671KiB/s-9671KiB/s (9903kB/s-9903kB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=953-953msec READ: bw=9.89MiB/s (10.4MB/s), 9.89MiB/s-9.89MiB/s (10.4MB/s-10.4MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=910-910msec READ: bw=10.0MiB/s (10.5MB/s), 10.0MiB/s-10.0MiB/s (10.5MB/s-10.5MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=900-900msec benchmarking imgs/enwik9_32k.squashfs.img with squashfs mntdir/enwik9 [seqread] READ: bw=121MiB/s (126MB/s), 121MiB/s-121MiB/s (126MB/s-126MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=7908-7908msec READ: bw=116MiB/s (121MB/s), 116MiB/s-116MiB/s (121MB/s-121MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=8239-8239msec READ: bw=117MiB/s (123MB/s), 117MiB/s-117MiB/s (123MB/s-123MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=8161-8161msec READ: bw=117MiB/s (123MB/s), 117MiB/s-117MiB/s (123MB/s-123MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=8125-8125msec READ: bw=106MiB/s (111MB/s), 106MiB/s-106MiB/s (111MB/s-111MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=9019-9019msec [randread] READ: bw=69.5MiB/s (72.8MB/s), 69.5MiB/s-69.5MiB/s (72.8MB/s-72.8MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=13730-13730msec READ: bw=69.2MiB/s (72.5MB/s), 69.2MiB/s-69.2MiB/s (72.5MB/s-72.5MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=13791-13791msec READ: bw=68.4MiB/s (71.8MB/s), 68.4MiB/s-68.4MiB/s (71.8MB/s-71.8MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=13937-13937msec READ: bw=82.1MiB/s (86.1MB/s), 82.1MiB/s-82.1MiB/s (86.1MB/s-86.1MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=11616-11616msec READ: bw=68.5MiB/s (71.8MB/s), 68.5MiB/s-68.5MiB/s (71.8MB/s-71.8MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=13931-13931msec [randread_9m] READ: bw=9.81MiB/s (10.3MB/s), 9.81MiB/s-9.81MiB/s (10.3MB/s-10.3MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=917-917msec READ: bw=10.8MiB/s (11.3MB/s), 10.8MiB/s-10.8MiB/s (11.3MB/s-11.3MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=833-833msec READ: bw=9423KiB/s (9649kB/s), 9423KiB/s-9423KiB/s (9649kB/s-9649kB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=978-978msec READ: bw=9366KiB/s (9591kB/s), 9366KiB/s-9366KiB/s (9591kB/s-9591kB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=984-984msec READ: bw=11.1MiB/s (11.6MB/s), 11.1MiB/s-11.1MiB/s (11.6MB/s-11.6MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=814-814msec benchmarking imgs/enwik9_128k.squashfs.img with squashfs [seqread] READ: bw=250MiB/s (262MB/s), 250MiB/s-250MiB/s (262MB/s-262MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=3812-3812msec READ: bw=269MiB/s (282MB/s), 269MiB/s-269MiB/s (282MB/s-282MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=3550-3550msec READ: bw=249MiB/s (261MB/s), 249MiB/s-249MiB/s (261MB/s-261MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=3833-3833msec READ: bw=264MiB/s (277MB/s), 264MiB/s-264MiB/s (277MB/s-277MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=3608-3608msec READ: bw=254MiB/s (267MB/s), 254MiB/s-254MiB/s (267MB/s-267MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=3748-3748msec [randread] READ: bw=255MiB/s (268MB/s), 255MiB/s-255MiB/s (268MB/s-268MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=3736-3736msec READ: bw=252MiB/s (265MB/s), 252MiB/s-252MiB/s (265MB/s-265MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=3779-3779msec READ: bw=263MiB/s (275MB/s), 263MiB/s-263MiB/s (275MB/s-275MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=3632-3632msec READ: bw=253MiB/s (266MB/s), 253MiB/s-253MiB/s (266MB/s-266MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=3764-3764msec READ: bw=246MiB/s (258MB/s), 246MiB/s-246MiB/s (258MB/s-258MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=3880-3880msec [randread_9m] READ: bw=10.8MiB/s (11.3MB/s), 10.8MiB/s-10.8MiB/s (11.3MB/s-11.3MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=832-832msec READ: bw=11.2MiB/s (11.7MB/s), 11.2MiB/s-11.2MiB/s (11.7MB/s-11.7MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=804-804msec READ: bw=10.0MiB/s (11.5MB/s), 10.0MiB/s-10.0MiB/s (11.5MB/s-11.5MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=820-820msec READ: bw=10.6MiB/s (11.1MB/s), 10.6MiB/s-10.6MiB/s (11.1MB/s-11.1MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=853-853msec READ: bw=11.8MiB/s (12.4MB/s), 11.8MiB/s-11.8MiB/s (12.4MB/s-12.4MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=760-760msec benchmarking imgs/enwik9_4k.ext4.img with ext4 mntdir/enwik9 [seqread] READ: bw=738MiB/s (773MB/s), 738MiB/s-738MiB/s (773MB/s-773MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1293-1293msec READ: bw=814MiB/s (853MB/s), 814MiB/s-814MiB/s (853MB/s-853MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1172-1172msec READ: bw=842MiB/s (883MB/s), 842MiB/s-842MiB/s (883MB/s-883MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1133-1133msec READ: bw=721MiB/s (756MB/s), 721MiB/s-721MiB/s (756MB/s-756MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1323-1323msec READ: bw=818MiB/s (858MB/s), 818MiB/s-818MiB/s (858MB/s-858MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=1166-1166msec [randread] READ: bw=29.1MiB/s (30.5MB/s), 29.1MiB/s-29.1MiB/s (30.5MB/s-30.5MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=32757-32757msec READ: bw=29.1MiB/s (30.5MB/s), 29.1MiB/s-29.1MiB/s (30.5MB/s-30.5MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=32817-32817msec READ: bw=28.2MiB/s (29.6MB/s), 28.2MiB/s-28.2MiB/s (29.6MB/s-29.6MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=33768-33768msec READ: bw=27.3MiB/s (28.6MB/s), 27.3MiB/s-27.3MiB/s (28.6MB/s-28.6MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=34963-34963msec READ: bw=29.5MiB/s (30.9MB/s), 29.5MiB/s-29.5MiB/s (30.9MB/s-30.9MB/s), io=954MiB (1000MB), run=32341-32341msec [randread_9m] READ: bw=31.7MiB/s (33.2MB/s), 31.7MiB/s-31.7MiB/s (33.2MB/s-33.2MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=284-284msec READ: bw=25.9MiB/s (27.1MB/s), 25.9MiB/s-25.9MiB/s (27.1MB/s-27.1MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=348-348msec READ: bw=30.0MiB/s (31.5MB/s), 30.0MiB/s-30.0MiB/s (31.5MB/s-31.5MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=300-300msec READ: bw=27.0MiB/s (29.3MB/s), 27.0MiB/s-27.0MiB/s (29.3MB/s-29.3MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=322-322msec READ: bw=24.4MiB/s (25.6MB/s), 24.4MiB/s-24.4MiB/s (25.6MB/s-25.6MB/s), io=9216KiB (9437kB), run=369-369msec