A bus lock [1] is acquired either through split locked access to
writeback (WB) memory or by using locks to uncacheable (UC) memory
(e.g. direct device assignment). This is typically >1000 cycles slower
than an atomic operation within a cache line. It also disrupts performance
on other cores.
Although split lock can be detected by #AC trap, the trap is triggered
before the instruction acquires bus lock. This makes it difficult to
mitigate bus lock (e.g. throttle the user application).
Some CPUs have ability to notify the kernel by an #DB trap after a user
instruction acquires a bus lock and is executed. This allows the kernel
to enforce user application throttling or mitigations.
#DB for bus lock detect fixes issues in #AC for split lock detect:
1) It's architectural ... just need to look at one CPUID bit to know it
exists
2) The IA32_DEBUGCTL MSR, which reports bus lock in #DB, is per-thread.
So each process or guest can have different behavior.
3) It has support for VMM/guests (new VMEXIT codes, etc).
Hardware only generates #DB for bus lock detect when CPL>0 to avoid
nested #DB from multiple bus locks while the first #DB is being handled.
Use the existing kernel command line option "split_lock_detect=" to handle
#DB for bus lock:
split_lock_detect=
#AC for split lock #DB for bus lock
off Do nothing Do nothing
warn Kernel OOPs Warn once per task and
Warn once per task and and continues to run.
disable future checking When both features are
supported, warn in #DB
fatal Kernel OOPs Send SIGBUS to user
Send SIGBUS to user
When both features are
supported, fatal in #AC.
ratelimit:N Do nothing Limit bus lock rate to
N per second in the
current non root user.
Default split_lock_detect is "warn".
[1] Chapter 8
https://software.intel.com/sites/default/files/managed/c5/15/architecture-instruction-set-extensions-programming-reference.pdf
Change Log:
RFC v3:
- Remove DR6_RESERVED change (PeterZ).
- Simplify the documentation (Randy).
RFC v2:
- Architecture changed based on feedback from Thomas and PeterZ. #DB is
no longer generated for bus lock in ring0.
- Split the one single patch into four patches.
[RFC v1 can be found at:
https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/1595021700-68460-1-git-send-email-fenghua...@intel.com/]
Fenghua Yu (4):
x86/cpufeatures: Enumerate #DB for bus lock detection
x86/bus_lock: Handle warn and fatal in #DB for bus lock
x86/bus_lock: Set rate limit for bus lock
Documentation/admin-guide: Change doc for split_lock_detect parameter
.../admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt | 28 +++-
arch/x86/include/asm/cpu.h | 10 +-
arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h | 1 +
arch/x86/include/asm/msr-index.h | 1 +
arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/debugreg.h | 1 +
arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c | 2 +-
arch/x86/kernel/cpu/intel.c | 145 +++++++++++++++---
arch/x86/kernel/traps.c | 7 +
include/linux/sched/user.h | 4 +-
kernel/user.c | 7 +
10 files changed, 176 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)
--
2.29.1
