to dramatically raise backup speeds.
Cheers,
Jeff
[1] http://www.jab.org/dmesg
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. Finally, I'm
not going to focus on incremental backups if there's any prayer of
getting a 500GB full backup in 3 hours. Full backups provide a LOT of
warm fuzzies.
Again, thank you all very much.
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, or whatever.
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with a distributed hot spare, AKA RAID-5E, which spreads head
motion to all drives for performance.
Any clarification on this?
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at the stats to see if that's happening.
I added the raid M/L to the addresses, since this is getting to be
general RAID question.
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Paul Clements wrote:
Bill Davidsen wrote:
One of the advantages of mirroring is that if there is heavy read load
when one drive is busy there is another copy of the data on the other
drive(s). But doing 1MB reads on the mirrored device did not show that
the kernel took advantage
with the following command:
mdadm --create /dev/md_d0 -e1 -ap --level=1 --raid-devices=2
missing,/dev/sdb1
The raid created correctly, I then partitioned md_d0 to match sda1.
I hope that's a typo... you need to partition sdb, not the md_d0 raid
device.
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with time as new stuff comes out.
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is helped a lot, read speed
isn't.
Maybe I should try iozone...
NeilBrown
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PATA drives on the same cable in master/slave, it's at least
possible that this could happen with consumer grade hardware as well.
Just a thought, dual failures are VERY unlikely unless one triggers the
other in some way, like failing the bus or cabinet power supply.
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and restores, as well
as upgrades quite unpleasant. I guess you may have noticed that by now
;-) Good luck!
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to make for better feel and write is cached
somewhat.
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More
?
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was intended to be !(update which would explain the parens,
but that seems wrong.
If it actually works as intended with the patch, perhaps a comment and
cleanup in 2.3?
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external box.
A work in progress, I realize.
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is mdadm trying to use an illegal ioctl instead of
checking the kernel version and disabling features which won't work? Users
are trusting their data to this software, and try it and see if it works
ioctls don't give me a warm fuzzy feeling about correct operation.
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parity blocks for every one data write, while
the RAID-0 would be doing as little work as possible for writes and would
therefore have more ability to handle reads quickly.
Just a thought experiment at the moment.
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Doing interesting things
.
Erik
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know someone who gave this a real life test, although I'd not say who.
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One of the things I like about the IBM ServeRAID controller is spare
drive shared between two RAID groups. First to fail gets it. For
software RAID is this at all in the future?
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once a month, so I'm pretty sure there is no
corruption happening.
Cables are my favorite source of intermittent evil, memory problems are
next, but that usually shows up everywhere if you look hard. Hope any of
this is useful.
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Doing
use fdisk usually, cfdisk when installing, both let me
set size, fdisk let's me set starting track and even play with the
partition table's idea of geometry. What kind of an option did you have
in mind?
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is the real question.
It isn't too hard to make the drives more reliable than the case they're
in, how many fans and power supplies can you survive losing?
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suggestions on how to debug this?
Kind regards,
Herta
Disclaimer: http://www.kuleuven.be/cwis/email_disclaimer.htm
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Given the state of hardware raid when that kernel was new, and the state
of the drivers, I would be very sure I had a GOOD reason to change anything.
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can't say how well it works in practice, or which
is better for you.
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will go to the first functional drive and boot. But if you get a
CRC error, some BIOS will try another and some will just fail.
Vendor dependent.
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manually). I would
worry about why the rescue mode didn't find your data, though.
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will let you set the spindown time. I have all mine set that way
for power and heat reasons, they tend to be in burst use. Dropped the CR
temp by enough to notice, but I need some more local cooling for that
room still.
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no corresponding thing in RAID5,
which has one copy of the data, plus parity. There is no special case,
it just doesn't work that way. Set N2 and report back.
Sorry, I couldn't find a diplomatic way to say you're completely wrong.
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, the mke2fs seems to work,
the f/s is there. Please verify, this system is a bit (okay a bunch) hacked.
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it is, but I can't see why not. There was a problem with data going
through stripe cache when it didn't need to, but I thought that was fixed.
Neil? Am I an optimist?
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as it is written where logwatch will see it, not recognize it,
and report it... People who don't read their logwatch reports get no
sympathy from me.
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--remove /dev/hd[eg]1) actually solves this,
but I have no intention actually removing those devices.
How can I make sure that I'm actually able to spin down those two
spare drives?
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file
Not sure I'm so keen on that, at least not in the near term.
Let's not start warning and depreciating powerful features because they
can be misused... If I wanted someone to make decisions for me I would
be using this software at all.
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Luca Berra wrote:
On Tue, May 30, 2006 at 01:10:24PM -0400, Bill Davidsen wrote:
2) deprecate the DEVICE keyword issuing a warning when it is
found in
the configuration file
Not sure I'm so keen on that, at least not in the near term.
Let's not start warning and depreciating powerful
spare will avoid a bottleneck on a single drive.
Is there any plan to add this capability?
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than cache)
anyway. That's my take on it.
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*. And if you're looking for a
bug it may not be, so this is not an idle complaint.
Some of the kernel coders think if it was hard to write it should be
hard to understand.
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if there's some standard that allows that
in C code now, but it doesn't work with all C compilers).
Even if valid, having the declaration at the top of the block in which
it's used makes the program more readable.
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, leaving 128k, and phase of the moon if you decide to use it.
Sorry, I think the current approach is baaad human interface.
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/rebuild.
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in RAID mode, for
some reason:
http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel.device-mapper.devel/1980/
Based on three trials in five years, I'm happy with WD and Seagate. WD
didn't ask when I bought it, just the serial for manufacturing date.
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problems, but which
provide little to no protection against site disasters.
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hours @ 56,684M/hour or 945M/min or 15.75M/sec
Did you tune the extN filesystems to the stripe size of the raid?
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is
disproportionally high. Using more drives is cost effective, but they
are not good for long term off site storage, because they're large and
fragile.
No obvious solutions in that price and application range that I see.
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to significant,
without quantifying.
Note, next month I will set up either a 2x750 RAID-1 or 4x250 RAID-5
array, and if I got RAID-5 I will have the chance to run some metrics
before putting the hardware into production service. I'll report on the
-R option if I have any data.
Bill Davidsen
think
there was another device, failed or missing, which was device[3]? I just
looked at a bunch of my arrays and found no similar examples.
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in kernel build or on the bloot
parameters from grub/lilo.
2nd thought: set it to cfq by default, then at the END of rc.local, if
there are no arrays rebuilding, change to something else if you like.
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on the block though,
but never had any real issues with them.
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whines.
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tunable than a CPU
based solution. Except in the case above where there is very little CPU
available, I don't see much hope for a cost (money and complexity)
effective non-CPU solution.
Obviously my opinion only.
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changes are not
provided, because ver versions mean new issues. Stability has its price.
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recently ran into trouble because of such an issue.)
You shouldn't lose data unless you panic at the first learning
experience and do something without thinking of the results. I would
convert to UUID first, obviously.
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the
invariant array name when mdadm wants them, instead of having a user or
script check the array to get the components?
Between udev and dynamic reconfiguration when component names have
become less and less relevant, perhaps they can be less used in the future.
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.
Because /dev and /tmp are well known special cases, I would default auto
for them. In other cases explicit behavior could be specified.
Feel free to point out something bad which occurs by using this default
behavior.
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Doing
data :)
And thank you for testing!
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.
If it was from unclean shutdown you really should look into a bitmap if
you don't have one.
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Bill Davidsen wrote:
Neil Brown wrote:
On Thursday July 6, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
hello, i just realized that internal bitmaps do not seem to work
anymore.
I cannot imagine why. Nothing you have listed show anything wrong
with md...
Maybe you were expecting
mdadm -X /dev/md100
to
misunderstanding load.
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does during the check. Let me know if you want any more or other
sar data.
[ data dropped, not relevant to my suggestion ]
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writing new. In fact, several suggested recovery
schemes involve stopping the RAID5, replacing the failing drive with a
created RAID1, etc. So the method is valid, it would just be nice to
have it happen without human intervention.
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.
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read on raid5? I feel like if
there was vm overhead getting the data into userland, the slowdown would
be present in raid0 as well. I assume parity calculations aren't done on a
read of the array, which leaves me at my question.
What are you stripe and cache sizes?
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but the characters don't get
echoed. The type part is in the kernel, but the display involves X
unless you run a direct console.
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the
controller to think the 2nd drive failed was okay, and then it would
recover. I'm told this happens with other hardware, I just haven't
personally seen it.
From that standpoint, the SATA on the MB look pretty good!
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incremental
dump program to DVD or similar.
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a boot option like
nopart=sda,sdb or similar would be in order?
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one drive, drop it in another machine, and let the script
run on the other machine to finish the job. I have no idea how many of
these you are doing, but automation is nice to avoid finger checks.
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));
+ msleep(1);
if (time_after(jiffies, before + HZ * 30))
goto out;
}
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. For raid 0 there is no advantage.
If your raid is entirely on PCI plug in cards and you are doing RAID1
there is a speed up using hardware assisted raid because of the PCI bus
contention.
I would expect to see this with RAID5 as well, for the same reason...
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Richard Scobie wrote:
Bill Davidsen wrote:
It should work, but I don't like it... it leaves you with a lot of
exposure between backups.
Unless your data change a lot, you might consider a good incremental
dump program to DVD or similar.
Thanks. I have abandoned this option for various
-9148 http://eatworms.swmed.edu/~leon/
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.
Thanks again for your time,
Thanks for letting us know what it was. Even if it was not the first
thing we suggested. ;-)
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Lem wrote:
On Mon, 2006-09-04 at 13:55 -0400, Bill Davidsen wrote:
May I belatedly say that this is sort-of a kernel issue, since
/proc/partitions reflects invalid data? Perhaps a boot option like
nopart=sda,sdb or similar would be in order?
Is this an argument to be passed
that it just meant someone was too lazy to
type 'maximum' at the time.
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on the new drive.
But wait, there's more! Assume that I want to upgrade from a set of
250GB drives to 400GB drives. Using this feature I could replace a drive
at a time, then --grow the array. The process for doing that is complex
currently, and many manual steps invite errors.
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you want it earlier than that, unless you want to do the whole
mounting process by hand. It's distribution dependent, but doing it
early allows the array to be handled like any other block device.
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which lock
the entire disk in place?
Thanks for reading, and thanks in advance for answers (if any) :-).
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--
bill
of what you need, see the thread(s) here about monitoring.
mdadm doesn't need a lot of direction...
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Dexter Filmore wrote:
Am Samstag, 16. September 2006 19:26 schrieb Bill Davidsen:
Dexter Filmore wrote:
Is anyone here who runs a soft raid on Slackware?
Out of the box there are no raid scripts, the ones I made myself seem a
little rawish, barely more than mdadm --assemble/--stop
down,
and anything which offers performance benefits for smaller arrays would
be useful.
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) there is no bug-free
software, therefore the use of LVM on top of RAID will be less reliable
than a RAID-only solution. I can't quantify that, the net effect may be
too small to measure. However, the cost and chance of a finger check
from (a) and (b) are significant.
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, but for reads having another copy of the data to read
(usually) helps the performance by reducing wait for read occurences.
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and use existing hardware.
Idle curiousity: what kind of case are you using for the drives? I will
need to spec a machine with eight drives in the December-January timeframe.
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have a server board it may have multiple PCI busses, and therefore a
higher max bandwidth with multiple cards. I would still expect PCI-e to
be faster.
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priority).
Single to RAID-N is possible, but involves a good bit of magic with
leaving room for superblocks, etc.
4. Uneven disk sizes, eg adding a 400GB disk to a 2x200GB mirror to
create a 400GB mirror. Together with 2 and 3, allows me to continuously
expand a disk array.
???
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being used on whole
drives, and perhaps that makes the whole device get ignored, or perhaps
it never worked. Perhaps there's an interaction with LVM, the more
complex you make your setup the greater the chance for learning experiences.
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bill davidsen [EMAIL PROTECTED]
CTO TMR Associates, Inc
on the RAID options used.
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bill davidsen [EMAIL PROTECTED]
CTO TMR Associates, Inc
Doing interesting things with small computers since 1979
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or force the driver to
consider this a RAID0 single disk setup? I don't know what RAID0 on one
drive means, but I suspect that having the controller in the mode you
want is desirable. That might have been changed in the hardware failure.
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bill davidsen [EMAIL PROTECTED]
CTO TMR Associates, Inc
in them asfter several hours of
feeding with GigE, so I can't readily back up and recreate by hand.
Suggestions?
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bill davidsen [EMAIL PROTECTED]
CTO TMR Associates, Inc
Doing interesting things with small computers since 1979
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Doug Ledford wrote:
On Sun, 2006-11-12 at 01:00 -0500, Bill Davidsen wrote:
I tried something new on a test system, using the install partitioning
tools to partition the disk. I had three drives and went with RAID-1 for
boot, and RAID-5+LVM for the rest. After the install was complete I
be changed to decrease or time to speed.
Probably better to say unclean than unclear shutdown as well.
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bill davidsen [EMAIL PROTECTED]
CTO TMR Associates, Inc
Doing interesting things with small computers since 1979
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), in practice a lot
of software depends on them being present and in the usual place.
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bill davidsen [EMAIL PROTECTED]
CTO TMR Associates, Inc
Doing interesting things with small computers since 1979
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the body
://www.tmr.com/~davidsen/RAID_speed.html
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Bill Davidsen [EMAIL PROTECTED]
We have more to fear from the bungling of the incompetent than from
the machinations of the wicked. - from Slashdot
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Roger Lucas wrote:
-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:linux-raid-
[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Bill Davidsen
Sent: 30 November 2006 14:13
To: linux-raid@vger.kernel.org
Subject: Odd (slow) RAID performance
Pardon if you see this twice, I sent it last night and it never
, I get a rebuild
on every boot :-( So the array for the LVM has bitmap on, as I hate to
rebuild 1.5TB regularly. Have to do some compromises on that!
Thanks for looking!
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bill davidsen [EMAIL PROTECTED]
CTO TMR Associates, Inc
Doing interesting things with small computers since 1979
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