[Marxism] A vast wealth gap, driven by segregation, redlining, evictions and exclusion, separates black and white America.

[Louis Proyect via Marxism]

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(Just ask yourself why WSWS, et al would want to discredit a project 
that includes an article such as this.)


NY Times Project 1619, AUG. 14, 2019
A vast wealth gap, driven by segregation, redlining, evictions and 
exclusion, separates black and white America.

By Trymaine Lee

Elmore Bolling, whose brothers called him Buddy, was a kind of one-man 
economy in Lowndesboro, Ala. He leased a plantation, where he had a 
general store with a gas station out front and a catering business; he 
grew cotton, corn and sugar cane. He also owned a small fleet of trucks 
that ran livestock and made deliveries between Lowndesboro and 
Montgomery. At his peak, Bolling employed as many as 40 people, all of 
them black like him.


One December day in 1947, a group of white men showed up along a stretch 
of Highway 80 just yards from Bolling’s home and store, where he lived 
with his wife, Bertha Mae, and their seven young children. The men 
confronted him on a section of road he had helped lay and shot him seven 
times — six times with a pistol and once with a shotgun blast to the 
back. His family rushed from the store to find him lying dead in a ditch.


The shooters didn’t even cover their faces; they didn’t need to. 
Everyone knew who had done it and why. “He was too successful to be a 
Negro,” someone who knew Bolling told a newspaper at the time. When 
Bolling was killed, his family estimates he had as much as $40,000 in 
the bank and more than $5,000 in assets, about $500,000 in today’s 
dollars. But within months of his murder nearly all of it would be gone. 
White creditors and people posing as creditors took the money the family 
got from the sale of their trucks and cattle. They even staked claims on 
what was left of the family’s savings. The jobs that he provided were 
gone, too. Almost overnight the Bollings went from prosperity to 
poverty. Bertha Mae found work at a dry cleaner. The older children 
dropped out of school to help support the family. Within two years, the 
Bollings fled Lowndes County, fearing for their lives.


The 1619 Project is an ongoing initiative from The New York Times 
Magazine that began in August 2019, the 400th anniversary of the 
beginning of American slavery. It aims to reframe the country’s history 
by placing the consequences of slavery and the contributions of black 
Americans at the very center of our national narrative. Read all the 
stories.


The period that followed the Civil War was one of economic terror and 
wealth-stripping that has left black people at lasting economic 
disadvantage. White Americans have seven times the wealth of black 
Americans on average. Though black people make up nearly 13 percent of 
the United States population, they hold less than 3 percent of the 
nation’s total wealth. The median family wealth for white people is 
$171,000, compared with just $17,600 for black people. It is worse on 
the margins. According to the Economic Policy Institute, 19 percent of 
black households have zero or negative net worth. Just 9 percent of 
white families are that poor.


Today’s racial wealth gap is perhaps the most glaring legacy of American 
slavery and the violent economic dispossession that followed. The fate 
suffered by Elmore Bolling and his family was not unique to them, or to 
Jim Crow Alabama. It was part of a much broader social and political 
campaign. When legal slavery ended in 1865, there was great hope for 
formerly enslaved people. Between 1865 and 1870, the Reconstruction 
Amendments established birthright citizenship — making all black people 
citizens and granting them equal protection under the law — and gave 
black men the right to vote. There was also the promise of compensation. 
In January 1865, Gen. William Sherman issued an order reallocating 
hundreds of thousands of acres of white-owned land along the coasts of 
Florida, Georgia and South Carolina for settlement by black families in 
40-acre plots. Congress established the Freedmen’s Bureau to oversee the 
transition from slavery to freedom, and the Freedman’s Savings Bank was 
formed to help four million formerly enslaved people gain financial freedom.


When Lincoln was assassinated, Vice President Andrew Johnson effectively 
rescinded Sherman’s order by pardoning white plantation owners and 
returning to them the land on which 40,000 or so black families had 
settled. “This is a country for white men, and by God, as long as I am 
President, it shall be a government for white men,” Johnson declared in 
1866. The Freedmen’s Bureau, always meant to be temporary, was 
dismantled in 1872. More than 60,000 black people deposited more than $1 
million into the Free

[Marxism] Review of Sean Wilentz's biography of Andrew Jackson

[Louis Proyect via Marxism]

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(Wilentz apparently wrote the letter that was signed by 4 other 
historians excoriating the NYT's Project 1619. I am not surprised that 
sectarian shitheads at WSWS would find him amenable to their designs.)


NLR 42, NOV DEC 2006
WHITEWASHING JACKSON
by TOM MERTES

Sean Wilentz, Andrew Jackson
Henry Holt: New York 2005

Reviewing the wave of political upheavals around 1830 that overthrew the 
Bourbons in France, detached Belgium from the Netherlands, secured 
Catholic emancipation to Ireland, brought the Reform Bill to England and 
unleashed civil wars in Spain and Portugal, in his Age of Revolution 
Eric Hobsbawm saw the most radical popular advance of the time in the 
election of Andrew Jackson as President of the United States. Viewed 
comparatively, two landmarks of his presidency stand out. The electorate 
of 1828 that put Jackson into power, with a record 56 per cent of the 
vote, was by far the largest in history: over a million strong, it was 
three times the size of the American turnout in 1824. The mobilization 
that produced this majority, moreover, was the work of the first modern 
mass political party. The second development was more original than the 
first, but together they spelt a lasting transformation of American 
democracy, of whose importance posterity has never doubted. The 
reputation of the man personifying this change remains far more 
contested. In his own day, Jackson was hailed by many as a heroic 
democrat, the beau ideal of a self-made man who rose to the nation’s 
highest post as a foe of social privilege and slayer of the ‘monster 
bank’, saviour of the nation and fearless champion of the people. Others 
saw him as ‘King Andrew’, a divisive tyrant driven by petty personal 
prejudices, contemptuous of the law of the land and merciless to the 
weak, who debauched government with a spoils system and destroyed the 
nation’s prosperity with a fixation on hard money.


The facts of Jackson’s career are stark enough. He was born in 1767 of 
poor Scots-Irish parents, immigrants from Ulster, in the former lands of 
the Catawba peoples, where North and South Carolina meet—an area well 
known for its opposition to the eastern elites. At the age of fourteen, 
he served the insurgents against George iii. Captured by the British, he 
was slashed with a sword-blow by an officer, leaving a declivity in his 
skull for which Jackson never forgave them. For the rest of his life, he 
continued to believe that they wanted to retake the continent. Becoming 
increasingly obstreperous after his mother’s death soon afterwards, he 
frittered away a sudden inheritance from a grandfather in Ireland, but 
learned enough law to get himself appointed by a drinking companion as a 
prosecutor in the frontier zone of Tennessee—not yet a state—at the age 
of twenty-one. En route to Tennessee, he purchased his first woman 
slave. Like many later ambitious presidents, he then moved up the social 
and political ladder through marriage to the daughter of a state 
surveyor and land speculator. Jackson rose swiftly on the frontier as a 
cotton planter, speculator and slave trader. In his early thirties, he 
became Tennessee’s first Congressman, and a year later was briefly 
Senator, before quitting for a lucrative job as a circuit judge back home.


However, Jackson’s real political breakthrough came from the camp, not 
the courtroom. A trigger-happy brawler, duellist and warmonger, who had 
long itched for military command, he got his chance in 1812, when war 
broke out with Britain. Ordered south by Madison to block any danger of 
Indian insurgents linking up with British forces or the Spanish in 
Florida, he crushed a small Creek rising, unleashing a proverbial hatred 
for the enemy with an exemplary massacre, and was allowed to dictate 
terms of surrender that confiscated more than half of Creek 
lands—territory covering most of today’s Alabama and a sizeable part of 
Georgia—regardless of whether or not the population had fought against 
him. Soon afterwards, Jackson cemented his military fame with a 
successful defence of New Orleans against an assault by British 
regulars, a battle fought—unknown to both sides—as the ink was already 
dry on the Treaty of Ghent that concluded the war. Nonetheless, he was 
widely feted as a second Washington, who had saved the nation—after the 
humiliation of the torching of the White House by Admiral Cockburn’s 
forces—in its second ordeal against Britain.


Now a full General, and appointed the us military commander in the 
South, Jackson made sure he stayed in the limelight with a series of 
annexations and lunges beyond the Union’s borders. In these years,

[Marxism] Historians Clash With the 1619 Project - The Atlantic

[Louis Proyect via Marxism]

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https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2019/12/historians-clash-1619-project/604093/
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[Marxism] LA Black homelessness - “There is a straight line from the history of redlining to today’s homelessness crisis.”

[Dennis Brasky via Marxism]

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Homelessness is Los Angeles’s defining crisis. Income inequality, a
shortage of housing, failing mental health services and drug addiction all
contribute to growing scenes of squalor across America’s second-largest
city. The federal government recently estimated that a nearly 3 percent
rise in homelessness nationwide this year was driven mostly

by
California.

Yet it does not affect everyone equally. The historic displacement and
fracturing of black communities in South Los Angeles have pushed black
Angelenos like Mr. Wynn onto the streets at more than eight times the rate
of other groups. In interviews with more than a dozen black men who are
homeless in Los Angeles, the bitter inheritance of racism came up again and
again.

https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/12/22/us/los-angeles-homeless-black-residents.html
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[Marxism] Earth Science Has a Whiteness Problem

[Dennis Brasky via Marxism]

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Barely 10 percent of doctoral degrees in the geosciences go to recipients
of color. The lack of diversity limits the quality of research, many
scientists say.

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/23/science/earth-science-diversity-education.html

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[Marxism] (30) V I Lenin on Anti-Semitism - YouTube

[Louis Proyect via Marxism]

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rj7iRwzX-A0
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[Marxism] Trump’s Turning Point rant about wind energy and “fumes,” decoded - Vox

[Louis Proyect via Marxism]

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https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/12/23/21035132/trump-wind-turbines-turning-point-usa-speech
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[Marxism] Classical Opera Has a Racism Problem

[Louis Proyect via Marxism]

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NY Times Op-Ed, Dec. 23, 2019
Classical Opera Has a Racism Problem
Don’t try to hide it. Instead, make audiences confront it.
By Katherine Hu

This fall, the Canadian Opera Company in Toronto gave a botched 
face-lift to “Turandot,” a Puccini opera about a barbaric Chinese 
princess in “ancient Peking” who executes her suitors.


To try to mask the racism of the opera, the director changed the names 
of Ping, Pang and Pong, three of the main characters, to Jim, Bob and 
Bill, and swapped their Chinese costumes for black suits. My father, a 
Taiwanese-American tenor, performed the role of Pong (or I guess, Bill?) 
for the production’s 2019 run. But the characters continued to play into 
stereotypes of effeminate Asian men as they pranced around onstage, 
giggling at one another.


Alterations like these have become part of a broader trend as opera 
clumsily reckons with its racist and sexist past. But if it hopes to win 
favor with younger listeners like me, opera needs to realize that 
shallow changes can’t erase the problematic foundations of season 
fixtures like “Turandot,” “Madama Butterfly,” “The Magic Flute” and 
“Carmen.”


The Orientalist stereotyping in “Turandot,” for instance, seeps into the 
music itself. The only way to get rid of it would be to rewrite the 
opera entirely, a revision that would destroy the classical canon. So 
how do we bring opera into the 21st century? How do we preserve the 
beauty of Puccini’s music, the likes of which will never be composed 
again, while also recognizing that it taints how we perceive Chinese 
women like me?


To survive, opera has to confront the depth of its racism and sexism 
point-blank, treating classic operas as historical artifacts instead of 
dynamic cultural productions. Opera directors should approach the 
production of these classics as museum curators and professors — 
educating audiences about historical context and making stereotypes visible.


A helpful model for this is Seattle Opera’s 2017 production of “Madama 
Butterfly,” another Puccini work, about a 15-year-old Japanese geisha 
named Cio-Cio San who is impregnated by an American naval officer. He 
later deserts her for a “proper” white wife named Kate; the opera ends 
with Cio-Cio San committing seppuku. Seattle Opera didn’t shy away from 
the ugly parts of this work. Instead, it addressed them in a large-scale 
exhibition in the lobby with posters detailing Mickey Rooney’s racist 
portrayal of Mr. Yunioshi in “Breakfast at Tiffany’s” and the 
problematic nature of Broadway’s “Miss Saigon.” The opera company hosted 
a public discussion among Asian artists, activists and community 
leaders, as well as an evening of plays written by Asian-American women.


In doing so, Seattle Opera made the racism and sexism that permeates 
“Madama Butterfly” unavoidable. This is significant, because opera 
audiences tend to be made up of majority-white audiences who may be less 
aware of the offensive caricatures they’re seeing onstage. The lobby 
exhibition presented “Madama Butterfly” as the historical artifact that 
it is, allowing the opera’s racism and sexism to serve in a productive 
educational project.


Just as “Burmese Days,” the classic George Orwell tale that features 
racist caricatures of Indians under colonial rule, can be responsibly 
taught in history classrooms, so too can “Madama Butterfly” help us more 
clearly understand the Orientalism that persists in the 21st century.


I’ve been watching operas since I was a child. Our family vacations 
happened wherever my father was performing that year; the closest thing 
I got to representation was white women in yellowface. As I grow older, 
however, operas that I adored as a child have become harder to stomach. 
I’m the product of a socially aware generation. Courses in 
Asian-American history taught me about the Page Act of 1875, which 
banned immigration by Asian prostitutes, effectively barring Chinese 
women from the country. The stereotyping of Asian women as submissive 
and exotic sex objects persists in American cultural works. Operas, 
while fantastical and fictional, still affect the way we perceive the 
people portrayed in them.


Some critics argue for retiring problematic operas from the stage. While 
newer operas written by people of color tell their stories responsibly, 
they aren’t going to replace the classics anytime soon. This doesn’t 
mean that we shouldn’t strive to diversify operas, both in composition 
and in casting. In fact, that’s ideal. But in the meantime, doing away 
with these works would destroy the art form, preventing us from 
reshaping otherwise beautiful compositions in powerful ways. O

[Marxism] Bureaucracy as a weapon: how the Trump administration is slowing asylum cases | US news | The Guardian

[Louis Proyect via Marxism]

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https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/dec/23/us-immigration-trump-asylum-seekers
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[Marxism] United front between the WSJ and the WSWS

[Louis Proyect via Marxism]

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WSJ, Dec. 17, 2019
The '1619 Project' Gets Schooled
by Elliot Kaufman

'So wrong in so many ways" is how Gordon Wood, the Pulitzer 
Prize-winning historian of the American Revolution, characterized the 
New York Times's "1619 Project." James McPherson, dean of Civil War 
historians and another Pulitzer winner, said the Times presented an 
"unbalanced, one-sided account" that "left most of the history out." 
Even more surprising than the criticism from these generally liberal 
historians was where the interviews appeared: on the World Socialist Web 
Site, run by the Trotskyist Socialist Equality Party.


The "1619 Project" was launched in August with a 100-page spread in the 
Times's Sunday magazine. It intends to "reframe the country's history" 
by crossing out 1776 as America's founding date and substituting 1619, 
the year 20 or so African slaves were brought to Jamestown, Va. The 
project has been celebrated up and down the liberal establishment, 
praised by Sen. Kamala Harris and Mayor Pete Buttigieg.


A September essay for the World Socialist Web Site called the project a 
"racialist falsification" of history. That didn't get much attention, 
but in November the interviews with the historians went viral. "I wish 
my books would have this kind of reaction," Mr. Wood says in an email. 
"It still strikes me as amazing why the NY Times would put its authority 
behind a project that has such weak scholarly support." He adds that 
fellow historians have privately expressed their agreement. Mr. 
McPherson coolly describes the project's "implicit position that there 
have never been any good white people, thereby ignoring white radicals 
and even liberals who have supported racial equality."


The project's creator, Nikole Hannah-Jones, is proud that it "decenters 
whiteness" and disdains its critics as "old, white male historians." She 
tweeted of Mr. McPherson: "Who considers him preeminent? I don't." Her 
own qualifications are an undergraduate degree in history and 
African-American studies and a master's in journalism. She says the 
project goes beyond Mr. McPherson's expertise, the Civil War. "For the 
most part," she writes in its lead essay, "black Americans fought back 
alone" against racism. No wonder she'd rather not talk about the Civil War.


To the Trotskyists, Ms. Hannah-Jones writes: "You all have truly 
revealed yourselves for the anti-black folks you really are." She calls 
them "white men claiming to be socialists." Perhaps they're guilty of 
being white men, but they're definitely socialists. Their faction, 
called the Workers League until 1995, was "one of the most strident and 
rigid Marxist groups in America" during the Cold War, says Harvey Klehr, 
a leading historian of American communism.


"Ours is not a patriotic, flag-waving kind of perspective," says Thomas 
Mackaman, the World Socialist Web Site's interviewer and a history 
professor at King's College in Wilkes-Barre, Pa. He simply recognizes 
that the arrival of 20 slaves in 1619 wasn't a "world-altering event." 
Slavery had existed across the world for millennia, and there were 
already slaves elsewhere in what would become the U.S. before 1619.


But "even if you want to make slavery the central story of American 
history," he says, the Times gets it backward. The American Revolution 
didn't found a "slavocracy," as Ms. Hannah-Jones puts it. Instead, in 
Mr. Mackaman's telling, it "brought slavery in for questioning in a way 
that had never been done before" by "raising universal human equality as 
a fundamental principle." Nor was protecting slavery "one of the primary 
reasons" the colonists declared independence, as Ms. Hannah-Jones 
claims. It's no coincidence the abolitionists rapidly won votes to end 
slavery in five of the original 13 states, along with Vermont and the 
new states of the Midwest.


Ms. Hannah-Jones insists "anti-black racism runs in the very DNA of this 
country." Mr. Mackaman calls that claim "anti-historical." Proving it 
requires her to belittle the most progressive declaration of modern 
history: "that all men are created equal." Ms. Hannah-Jones calls this a 
"lie" and claims its drafters didn't even believe it. The abolitionists 
disagreed. So did Martin Luther King Jr: He saw it as a "promissory note."


Mr. Mackaman also protests Ms. Hannah-Jones's "cherry-picking" of quotes 
to present Lincoln as a "garden-variety racist." He attributes the 
misleading picture to her "totally racialist interpretation." If whites 
and blacks are supposed to be "diametrically opposed to each other," he 
says, "then you have to disregard all the history that runs contrary to 
that -- and there's 

[Marxism] Defending limits is not Malthusian – Undisciplined Environments

[Louis Proyect via Marxism]

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I show in my new book, Limits: Why Malthus Was Wrong and Why 
Environmentalists Should Care, that Malthus did not predict, much less 
call for limits. Malthus invoked the specter of limits to advocate for 
growth. And in the name of growth, he rejected redistribution, defending 
class society against revolutionaries. Without inequality the poor will 
get lazy, Malthus argued. And if they are lazy, they won’t produce enough.


https://undisciplinedenvironments.org/2019/10/08/defending-limits-is-not-malthusian/
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[Marxism] Leaked OPCW documents: what they really show about the Douma investigation | al-bab.com

[Louis Proyect via Marxism]

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https://al-bab.com/blog/2019/12/leaked-opcw-documents-what-they-really-show-about-douma-investigation
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Re: [Marxism] Posie Parker, TERFs Find Audience With White Supremacists

[Daniel Lindvall via Marxism]

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This makes perfect sense. The language used about trans people in general and 
trans women in particular by many established, left, marxist terfs when they 
think ”no one hears them” (and sometimes openly too, of course) is very similar 
to the 19th century biologism and bigotry of racists and misogynists. 



> 19 dec. 2019 kl. 04:14 skrev MM via Marxism :
> 
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> 
> "Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull (better known as her pseudonym Posie Parker), who 
> is known in the United Kingdom for her strident anti-trans activism as well 
> as in the United States for harassing the trans rights advocate Sarah 
> McBride, recently appeared on the YouTube channel of French-Canadian 
> far-right nationalist Jean-François Gariépy. Gariépy, for his part, believes 
> in the need for a “white ethno-state” and regularly features the noxious 
> Richard Spencer on his show. And while the two, during the 80-minute 
> interview, debated and disagreed about women’s role in the family and gender 
> disparities in the criminal justice system, their anti-trans bigotry united 
> them."
> 

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[Marxism] CO2 and Climate Change, Old and New - CounterPunch.org

[Louis Proyect via Marxism]

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How long has science known about CO2-induced climate change, and are we 
clever enough today to geo-engineer our way out of cooking ourselves to 
extinction?


In brief: a long time, and most likely no.

Clive Thompson has written engagingly about the 19th century scientists 
— Joseph Fourier (1768-1830), Eunice Newton Foote (1819-1888), John 
Tyndall (1820-1893), Svante Arrhenius (1859-1927), Arvid Högbom 
(1857-1940), and Samuel Pierpont Langley (1834-1906) — whose work in 
aggregate pieced together the essential facts about CO2-induced global 
warming. [1]


https://www.counterpunch.org/2019/12/23/co2-and-climate-change-old-and-new/
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[Marxism] » On Those Questionable US Wage Stats…Again

[Louis Proyect via Marxism]

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Various independent business, bank and other wage surveys area 
increasingly supporting the alternative view that US wages have hardly 
risen at all in recent years–either under Trump or before under Obama. 
Or for decades now for that matter.


Here’s two more recent, independent surveys supporting that alternative 
view.


The latest Bankrate survey, released just this past week, showed that 
51% of all workers (about 82 million) in the US DID NOT GET A WAGE 
INCREASE at all this past year. (And 22% of the remaining 49%, who did 
get a raise, got it by moving to another job and not from their employer 
actually hiking their pay. Moreover, the employer they changed to may 
have not actually raised their wage on their new job, even if the worker 
who changed jobs realized a high wage. But the Labor Dept. considers 
that a wage increase, even if in the real economy no wages were actually 
raised. So for the economy as a whole even that 22% is likely 
overestimated as well, even if the individual worker realized a wage hike).


full: 
https://zcomm.org/znetarticle/on-those-questionable-us-wage-statsagain/

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[Marxism] Scoop: Pete Buttigieg fundraiser dangles influence for donations in email - Axios

[Louis Proyect via Marxism]

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https://www.axios.com/pete-buttigieg-financing-fundraising-email-2b0014b7-a8a8-4421-a18b-b2931f50a1d5.html
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[Marxism] The myth of the red wall | Lewis Baston | The Critic Magazine

[Louis Proyect via Marxism]

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Many things set my teeth on edge during the 2019 election campaign. In 
this I suspect I was not alone, but leaving aside all the more overtly 
political and media things that irritated, depressed and alienated me 
there was one particular concept that bothered me on an analytical 
level. This was the so-called ‘Red Wall’. Until the 2019 campaign, ‘Red 
Wall’ conjured up fond memories of a very good hotel in Beijing within 
walking distance of Tiananmen Square, a refuge of calm and comfort in a 
very hectic city. During the election, the term was suddenly deployed to 
describe… what exactly? It seemed to mean the band of Labour-held 
constituencies between somewhere around Prestatyn in the west to either 
Hull or Tynemouth in the east, which most of us were quite happy to call 
‘urban northern England’ before the ‘Red Wall’ was discovered. The 
concept seemed, to this observer, to be reverse-engineered from a 
graphic designer’s idea of an election-night gimmick in which a big blue 
wrecking ball smashed into a red wall. But the wall never existed.


full: https://thecritic.co.uk/the-myth-of-the-red-wall/
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