Red Rain related.
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The Inevitability of Life
http://www.jrmooneyham.com/ctctlif.html
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Red rain
http://www.strangemag.com/massive.red.rainshow.html
Ehrenberg estimated that 720,000 lbs. of matter fell during a single shower,
on October 17, 1846, near Lyons, France;
and that 1/8th of the fall--90,000 lbs.--was composed of microscopic diatoms
(Passat-staub und Blut-regen, 1847; and
Amer. Journal of Science, II. xi. 372).
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Red rain
http://www.strangemag.com/redrain.html
A list of articles regarding red rain.
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High altitude lifeforms and bacteria
http://www.scifi.com/sfw/issue299/labnotes.html
Wickramasinghe claims that the patterns of their occurrencedenser at higher
altitudesindicate that they are falling
from above, rather than rising from beneath. He hopes to do an isotopic
analysis, which is difficult because the
samples are so small. But the isotope ratios for each elementslight
variations in the mass and composition of an
atom's nucleusform a "planetary fingerprint" which will determine
conclusively whether the bacteria originated on
Earth or, as Wickramasinghe suspects, on a comet traveling through
interplanetary space
An even more controversial claim came from Naples University's D'Argenio,
who claimed in mid-2001 to have isolated
and revived bacteria he found in a 4.5-billion-year-old meteorite. "Their
genetic code is unlike any known on Earth,"
he told reporters. Then, in September 2002, astrobiologist Dirk
Schulze-Makuch from the University of Texas at El
Paso announced that some of the chemicals in the hot, dry, acidic atmosphere
of Venus looked a little suspicious.
There was not enough carbon monoxide (something Earthly bacteria eat), and
much too much hydrogen sulphide, sulphur
dioxide, and carbonyl sulphideshort-lived gases which don't normally stick
around unless replenished by bacteria.
It's not quite a smoking gun, but it's ... hard to explain.
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The Negative Hydrogen Ion, aka Hydride Ion or Active Hydrogen
http://www.h-minus-ion.org/
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Weather Almanac for September 1998 Living On the Air
http://www.islandnet.com/~see/weather/almanac/arc_1998/98sep02.htm
In the 1960s, research by Malcolm Brown discovered living algae and other
microbes in the orographic clouds (clouds
forming when air moves over mountain summits) but none in the air above the
clouds. Since then, many other studies
have found lifeforms living high in the sky. Russian scientists, for
example, have collected microbes (bacteria and
fungi) between 58 and 75 km (36 - 47 miles) above the deserts of Kazakhstan.
Observations show that air masses over land contain approximately 500
bacteria per cubic metre of air; the
concentration falls over the ocean to about 50 out at 160 km (100 miles) out
from shore and to one per cubic metre in
the open ocean atmosphere. The census of aeroplankton species includes
viruses, approximately 1000 species of
bacteria, 40,000 varieties of fungi and hundreds of species of protozoa,
algae, mosses and liverworts that live some
part of their life cycle as aeroplankton.
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Venus Atmosphere Temperature and Pressure Profiles
Temperatures for Influenza Habitability
http://www.datasync.com/~rsf1/vel/1918vpt.htm
(A speculative discussion about the possibility mamalian cell enzymes from
earth existing in the upper venusian
atmosphere is given at the end of this article.)
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Microbes from Space
http://www.abc.net.au/rn/science/ss/stories/s219202.htm
Broadcast Saturday 2/12/00
Summary:
Did life on Earth begin on Earth?
Transcript:
Fred Hoyle: I dont myself think that its very profitable to think in terms
of life having started you know, here on
the earth, and then together with my colleague in Cardiff, Professor
Wickramasinghe, we looked at alternative places
and we found to our astonishment that comets look as though they are very
suitable places to produce life.
Other evidence comes from a recent Indian high-altitude balloon flight.
Wickramasinghe says that samples taken at 16
kilometres altitude, way up in the stratosphere, reveal a micro-organism
that is not of this Earth. It seems to be a
novel strain of a bacteria genus that is common on Earth.
Scientists at NASAs Astrobiology Institute have reacted cautiously,
pointing out that a large portion of Earths
microscopic species remain to be discovered. Indeed, many species unlike
any other have been uncovered right here
on Earth in recent years. Also, in the eyes of aerobiologists, 16 kilometres
up may not be considered all that high.
After all, living fungal spores have been reported at altitudes of around 11
kilometres.
Other evidence comes from a recent Indian high-altitude balloon flight.
Wickramasinghe says that samples taken at 16
kilometres altitude, way up in the stratosphere, reveal a micro-organism
that is not of this Earth. It seems to be a
novel strain of a bacteria genus that is common on Earth.
Scientists at NASAs Astrobiology Institute have reacted cautiously,
pointing out that a large portion of Earths
microscopic species remain to be discovered. Indeed, many species unlike
any other have been uncovered right here
on Earth in recent years. Also, in the eyes of aerobiologists, 16 kilometres
up may not be considered all that high.
After all, living fungal spores have been reported at altitudes of around 11
kilometres.
And when you consider the sort of harsh conditions in which microbes have
been found to live - around deep ocean
volcanic vents, in the Antarctic ice and even inside nuclear reactors, is it
too far-fetched to believe that they
might survive inside rocks in space? Itll be interesting to see what the
wider scientific community makes of
Wickramasinghes new claims.
Guests on this program:
Jonathan Nally
Editor, Sky and Space
80 Ebley Street
Bondi Junction NSW 2022
PO Box 1233
Bondi Junction NSW 2022
Tel: +61 (0)2 9369 3344
Fax: +61 (0)2 9369 3366
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Further information:
Professor Chandra Wickramasinghe
http://www.coseti.org/wickrama.htm
NASA Astrobiology Institute
http://nai.arc.nasa.gov/
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Limits of Life on Earth: Are They the Key to Life on Other Planets?
http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/1997/pr9761/pr9761.txt
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Ground Zero Genesis
http://www.clydelewis.com/dis/genesis/genesis.shtml
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Hi,
Many interesting items about the red rain.
Mark Ford mentioned that the article in the
New Scientist magazine suggested bat blood,
presumably from large flights of bats being struck
by planes or otherwise aerially injured. So, I 've
been researching bat's blood. (These things take
you odd places, don't they?)
The red blood cells of mammals are without
DNA, since they are not intended to reproduce.
Red blood cells are generated in the bones,
released to the blood stream, live a short life,
and die. Hence, no DNA nor cell nucleus.
The appearance of the "alien cells" in the
SEM microphotographs greatly resemble
mammalian red blood cells.
Bat blood red cells are somewhat unique
among mammalian red cells. Human red cells
have a life span measured in weeks, not months
or years. Bat red cells are very long-lived, long
enough, in fact, that we are not sure how long
they live.
The blood of bats has the highest known concentration of red cells of
any mammal; their
blood is wall-to-wall red cells. Moreover, the
chemical composition of the bat red cell is very
high in lipids, far more fatty than any other
mammal's.
This facts explain many of the characteristics
of the "alien cells." The high lipid content and
long lived cells explain how they can remain
undecayed and stably preserved for a long period
since they were collected. Several papers on bat
blood remarked on how "self-preservative" it was.
The high density of red blood cells in bat blood
explains how a "red rain" would seem to consist of
nothing but these cells, with little or no other organic
debris being present. I would expect that animal
and insect scavengers would have eliminated any
little bat scraps before the "red rain" was collected.
As far as their appearance, the following paper:
http://www.genomesize.com/rgregory/reprints/MammalRBC.pdf
has microphotos of bat eryhtrocytes (and cat and
human). The resemblance to the microphotographs
of the "alien cells" is striking. The "thick walls," for
example, are an artifact of squashing the thick rims
of the red cells flat while making the slides. You see
the same "thick walls" in all the red cells shown.
The bat cells are more irregular in shape than
the cat and human cells, like the "aliens." Their size
corresponds to the size of bat erythrocytes. I don't
find anything that doesn't fit. Personally, I'm pretty well
convinced that's what the "aliens" are: murdered bats.
Helicopters? Jet intakes?
Spores of any kind are pretty much out of the
question since the spores of all sporulating life are a
DNA delivery system, and these "aliens" have no
DNA. I'm afraid the only aliens we could work into
this picture would be aliens who slaughter bats in
large numbers for sport.
Sterling K. Webb
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