Re: Bgpd multipath conf
Ok so in the end is there a way to install more then one route in the kernel
table through bgpd or not ?
And if it's something that could be done in the future ?
Cheers
Marco
Caterpillar: Confidential Green
-Original Message-
From: Stuart Henderson
Sent: Wednesday, May 15, 2024 8:26 AM
To: misc@openbsd.org
Subject: Re: Bgpd multipath conf
CAUTION: EXTERNAL EMAIL This is a message from owner-m...@openbsd.org. Use
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On 2024-05-14, Marco Agostani wrote:
> I try to setup an openbgpd setup involving multipath configuration
> ...with = no success.
...
> neighbor $GW01 {
> descr "bgp#1"
> announce IPv4 unicast
> announce add-path recv yes
> set localpref 110
> }
This just announces the add-path BGP capability.
> #bgpctl sh rib
> https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://172.18.180.0/24__;!!FtR4BK4x7WL3xYs
> !6DAqIASIWdakyXeDyLwAsmIOK4cM3WJigBhTBEZwFP2QSx-N8iqQRQKGfW0L4XpCyVGG2
> 7Pi4GFOtJXl9T8K7jGv49b5Fz40$
>
> flags: * =3D Valid, > =3D Selected, I =3D via IBGP, A =3D Announced,
>S =3D Stale, E =3D Error
> origin validation state: N =3D not-found, V =3D valid, ! =3D invalid
> aspa validation state: ? =3D unknown, V =3D valid, ! =3D invalid
> origin: i =3D IGP, e =3D EGP, ? =3D Incomplete
>
> flags vs destination gateway lpref med aspath origin
> *>N-?
> https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://172.18.180.0/24__;!!FtR4BK4x7WL3xYs!6DAqIASIWdakyXeDyLwAsmIOK4cM3WJigBhTBEZwFP2QSx-N8iqQRQKGfW0L4XpCyVGG27Pi4GFOtJXl9T8K7jGv49b5Fz40$
>
> https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://10.0.1.241__;!!FtR4BK4x7WL3xYs!6DAqIASIWdakyXeDyLwAsmIOK4cM3WJigBhTBEZwFP2QSx-N8iqQRQKGfW0L4XpCyVGG27Pi4GFOtJXl9T8K7jGv41J-7V7w$
> 110 0 14381 i
> *mN-?
> https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://172.18.180.0/24__;!!FtR4BK4x7WL3xYs!6DAqIASIWdakyXeDyLwAsmIOK4cM3WJigBhTBEZwFP2QSx-N8iqQRQKGfW0L4XpCyVGG27Pi4GFOtJXl9T8K7jGv49b5Fz40$
>
> https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://10.0.1.245__;!!FtR4BK4x7WL3xYs!6DAqIASIWdakyXeDyLwAsmIOK4cM3WJigBhTBEZwFP2QSx-N8iqQRQKGfW0L4XpCyVGG27Pi4GFOtJXl9T8K7jGv48_2TUKx$
> 110 0 14381 i
>
> Show me two routes one marked with multipath
>
> But in fib I see only one route
>
> #bgpctl sh fib
> https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://172.18.180.0/24__;!!FtR4BK4x7WL3xYs
> !6DAqIASIWdakyXeDyLwAsmIOK4cM3WJigBhTBEZwFP2QSx-N8iqQRQKGfW0L4XpCyVGG2
> 7Pi4GFOtJXl9T8K7jGv49b5Fz40$
>
> flags: B =3D BGP, C =3D Connected, S =3D Static
>N =3D BGP Nexthop reachable via this route
>r =3D reject route, b =3D blackhole route
> flags prio destination gateway
> B 48
> https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://172.18.180.0/24__;!!FtR4BK4x7WL3xYs!6DAqIASIWdakyXeDyLwAsmIOK4cM3WJigBhTBEZwFP2QSx-N8iqQRQKGfW0L4XpCyVGG27Pi4GFOtJXl9T8K7jGv49b5Fz40$
>
> https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://10.0.1.241__;!!FtR4BK4x7WL3xYs!6DAqIASIWdakyXeDyLwAsmIOK4cM3WJigBhTBEZwFP2QSx-N8iqQRQKGfW0L4XpCyVGG27Pi4GFOtJXl9T8K7jGv41J-7V7w$
...
> What I miss here ??
bgpd does allow add-path and having multiple paths to a prefix in the RIB (e.g.
perhaps useful on a route-server) but it does not handle adding multiple paths
for the same prefix to the FIB.
Re: pax and ext2fs
On Wed, May 15, 2024 at 1:14 AM Philip Guenther wrote:
> On Tue, May 14, 2024 at 11:59 AM Walter Alejandro Iglesias <
> w...@roquesor.com> wrote:
>
>> Hi Philip,
>>
>> On Tue May 14 19:40:04 2024 Philip Guenther wrote:
>> > If you like, you could try the following patch to pax to more gracefully
>> > handle filesystems with time resolution more granular than nanoseconds.
>>
>> After applying your patch, as I'd done before reporting the issue, I
>> sycronized my home directory to an external ext2fs drive with the
>> command showed by the man page:
>>
>> $ pax -rw -v -Z -Y source target
>>
>> This time only one file stays updating again an again, a soft link I
>> have in my ~/bin folder of /usr/local/bin/prename.
>
>
> I think you've managed to hit a spot where the POSIX standard doesn't
> provide a way for a program to find the information it needs to do its job
> correctly. I've filed a ticket there
>https://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=1831
>
> We'll see if my understanding of pathconf() is incorrect or if someone has
> a great idea for how to get around this...
>
So yeah, what's needed is pathconfat(2)** but whether this winding loose
end ("That poor yak.") merits that much code and surface is yet to be
examined deeply.
Philip Guenther
** or lpathconf(2), but pathconfat(2) is better
Re: Errata: OpenBSD 7.5: high temperature spotted different times
Correction: CPU: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4500U CPU @ 1.80GHz, 06-45-01, patch 0026 (year 2014) Dan wrote: > Hello, > > In my OpenBSD 7.5 stable temperature incrises timtotime remaining on > 64-65°C; an old quad cores I5 cpu. > > Thanks, > > -dan
OpenBSD 7.5: xfce-4.18.1: missing Special Characters utility
Hello, In my OpenBSD 7.5, xfce-4.18.1 is missing the Characters Map / Special Characters utility both graphically, in the menu, and on the disk. Thanks! -dan
OpenBSD 7.5: high temperature spotted different times
Hello, In my OpenBSD 7.5 stable temperature incrises timtotime remaining on 64-65°C; an old quad cores I5 cpu. Thanks, -dan
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Re: pax and ext2fs
On Wed May 15 13:04:53 2024 Walter Alejandro Iglesias wrote: > After more testing I realized that I was wrong my modification doesn't > solve the problem. > Yeah, I also realized that what I did was stupid. :-)
Re: pax and ext2fs
On Wed May 15 10:24:32 2024 Walter Alejandro Iglesias wrote: > I get it working but I don't know if what I did is fine. > > As I'd told you the problem was ctime (when using -Y), so I added one > conditional to your diff where it checks only mtime and it works: > > > Index: ar_subs.c > === > RCS file: /cvs/src/bin/pax/ar_subs.c,v > diff -u -p -r1.51 ar_subs.c > [...] After more testing I realized that I was wrong my modification doesn't solve the problem.
Re: pax and ext2fs
On Wed May 15 10:20:04 2024 Philip Guenther wrote:
> I think you've managed to hit a spot where the POSIX standard doesn't
> provide a way for a program to find the information it needs to do its job
> correctly. I've filed a ticket there
>https://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=1831
>
> We'll see if my understanding of pathconf() is incorrect or if someone has
> a great idea for how to get around this...
>
>
> Philip Guenther
>
Hi Philip,
I get it working but I don't know if what I did is fine.
As I'd told you the problem was ctime (when using -Y), so I added one
conditional to your diff where it checks only mtime and it works:
Index: ar_subs.c
===
RCS file: /cvs/src/bin/pax/ar_subs.c,v
diff -u -p -r1.51 ar_subs.c
--- ar_subs.c 10 Jul 2023 16:28:33 - 1.51
+++ ar_subs.c 15 May 2024 08:19:08 -
@@ -146,23 +146,61 @@ list(void)
}
static int
-cmp_file_times(int mtime_flag, int ctime_flag, ARCHD *arcn, struct stat *sbp)
+cmp_file_times(int mtime_flag, int ctime_flag, ARCHD *arcn, const char *path)
{
struct stat sb;
+ long res;
- if (sbp == NULL) {
- if (lstat(arcn->name, ) != 0)
- return (0);
- sbp =
+ if (path == NULL)
+ path = arcn->name;
+ if (lstat(path, ) != 0)
+ return (0);
+
+ /*
+* The target (sb) mtime might be rounded down due to the limitations
+* of the FS it's on. If it's strictly greater or we don't care about
+* mtime, then precision doesn't matter, so check those cases first.
+*/
+ if (ctime_flag && mtime_flag) {
+ if (timespeccmp(>sb.st_mtim, _mtim, <=))
+ return timespeccmp(>sb.st_ctim, _ctim, <=);
+ if (!timespeccmp(>sb.st_ctim, _ctim, <=))
+ return 0;
+ /* <= ctim, but >= mtim */
+ } else if (mtime_flag) {
+ return timespeccmp(>sb.st_mtim, _mtim, <=);
+ } else if (ctime_flag)
+ return timespeccmp(>sb.st_ctim, _ctim, <=);
+ else if (timespeccmp(>sb.st_mtim, _mtim, <=))
+ return 1;
+
+ /*
+* If we got here then the target arcn > sb for mtime *and* that's
+* the deciding factor. Check whether they're equal after rounding
+* down the arcn mtime to the precision of the target path.
+*/
+ res = pathconf(path, _PC_TIMESTAMP_RESOLUTION);
+ if (res == -1)
+ return 0;
+
+ /* nanosecond resolution? previous comparisons were accurate */
+ if (res == 1)
+ return 0;
+
+ /* common case: second accuracy */
+ if (res == 10)
+ return arcn->sb.st_mtime <= sb.st_mtime;
+
+ if (res < 10) {
+ struct timespec ts = arcn->sb.st_mtim;
+ ts.tv_nsec = (ts.tv_nsec / res) * res;
+ return timespeccmp(, _mtim, <=);
+ } else {
+ /* not a POSIX compliant FS */
+ res /= 10;
+ return ((arcn->sb.st_mtime / res) * res) <= sb.st_mtime;
+ return arcn->sb.st_mtime <= ((sb.st_mtime / res) * res);
}
-
- if (ctime_flag && mtime_flag)
- return (timespeccmp(>sb.st_mtim, >st_mtim, <=) &&
- timespeccmp(>sb.st_ctim, >st_ctim, <=));
- else if (ctime_flag)
- return (timespeccmp(>sb.st_ctim, >st_ctim, <=));
- else
- return (timespeccmp(>sb.st_mtim, >st_mtim, <=));
}
/*
@@ -842,14 +880,12 @@ copy(void)
/*
* if existing file is same age or newer skip
*/
- res = lstat(dirbuf, );
- *dest_pt = '\0';
-
- if (res == 0) {
+ if (cmp_file_times(uflag, Dflag, arcn, dirbuf)) {
+ *dest_pt = '\0';
ftree_skipped_newer(arcn);
- if (cmp_file_times(uflag, Dflag, arcn, ))
- continue;
+ continue;
}
+ *dest_pt = '\0';
}
/*
Re: pax and ext2fs
On Tue, May 14, 2024 at 11:59 AM Walter Alejandro Iglesias wrote: > Hi Philip, > > On Tue May 14 19:40:04 2024 Philip Guenther wrote: > > If you like, you could try the following patch to pax to more gracefully > > handle filesystems with time resolution more granular than nanoseconds. > > After applying your patch, as I'd done before reporting the issue, I > sycronized my home directory to an external ext2fs drive with the > command showed by the man page: > > $ pax -rw -v -Z -Y source target > > This time only one file stays updating again an again, a soft link I > have in my ~/bin folder of /usr/local/bin/prename. I think you've managed to hit a spot where the POSIX standard doesn't provide a way for a program to find the information it needs to do its job correctly. I've filed a ticket there https://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=1831 We'll see if my understanding of pathconf() is incorrect or if someone has a great idea for how to get around this... Philip Guenther
Re: viomb0 unable to allocate256 physmem pages, error 12
viomb is a driver that tries to support OpenBSD, as a VM guest, responding to a request from the VM host to stop using so much physical memory. That log message indicates that the kernel couldn't easily free up that much physical memory, sorry! The VM host is, of course, free to decide to just page out whatever memory it wants instead, possibly resulting in thrashing: running a VM setup oversubscribed for memory is a great way to be frustrated and hate computers. How can you make that message go away? Provision your VM setup with enough memory that it's not over subscribed, or at least so that the OpenBSD guest(s) isn't the one being asked to slim itself (possibly by giving it *less* but _reserved_ memory, so that the VM host never tries to shrink its usage). Philip Guenther On Tue, May 14, 2024 at 4:16 PM F Bax wrote: > I'm not a coder; but I found source for viomb; which > calls uvm_pglistalloc; which calls uvm_pmr_getpages which mentions ENOMEM: > > https://cvsweb.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/~checkout~/src/sys/uvm/uvm_pmemrange.c?rev=1.66=text/plain > There I found this comment: > * fail if any of these conditions is true: > * [1] there really are no free pages, or > * [2] only kernel "reserved" pages remain and > *the UVM_PLA_USERESERVE flag wasn't used. > * [3] only pagedaemon "reserved" pages remain and > *the requestor isn't the pagedaemon nor the syncer. > > Unsure how I might use this information to get rid of the previously > mentioned error message.. > > On Tue, May 14, 2024 at 2:28 PM Peter J. Philipp > wrote: > >> On Tue, May 14, 2024 at 01:58:18PM -0400, F Bax wrote: >> > Recently installed 7.5 amd64 in qemu VM (8G RAM) under proxmox. See this >> > message many times on console and dmesg. >> > >> > viomb0 unable to allocate 256 physmem pages, error 12 >> > >> > What does this mean? How to resolve this issue? >> >> Hi, >> >> When you see "error " it's good to look up the manpage on errno. >> Under number 12 it says: ENOMEM "Cannot Allocate Memory". But look for >> yourself for a deeper explanation. Also if you want to hunt for this >> errno >> in the code you would most likely grep for ENOMEM. >> >> Best Regards, >> -pjp >> >> -- >> ** all info about me: lynx https://callpeter.tel, dig loc >> delphinusdns.org ** >> >>
Re: Bgpd multipath conf
On 2024-05-14, Marco Agostani wrote:
> I try to setup an openbgpd setup involving multipath configuration ...with =
> no success.
...
> neighbor $GW01 {
> descr "bgp#1"
> announce IPv4 unicast
> announce add-path recv yes
> set localpref 110
> }
This just announces the add-path BGP capability.
> #bgpctl sh rib 172.18.180.0/24
>
> flags: * =3D Valid, > =3D Selected, I =3D via IBGP, A =3D Announced,
>S =3D Stale, E =3D Error
> origin validation state: N =3D not-found, V =3D valid, ! =3D invalid
> aspa validation state: ? =3D unknown, V =3D valid, ! =3D invalid
> origin: i =3D IGP, e =3D EGP, ? =3D Incomplete
>
> flags vs destination gateway lpref med aspath origin
> *>N-? 172.18.180.0/24 10.0.1.241110 0 14381 i
> *mN-? 172.18.180.0/24 10.0.1.245110 0 14381 i
>
> Show me two routes one marked with multipath
>
> But in fib I see only one route
>
> #bgpctl sh fib 172.18.180.0/24
>
> flags: B =3D BGP, C =3D Connected, S =3D Static
>N =3D BGP Nexthop reachable via this route
>r =3D reject route, b =3D blackhole route
> flags prio destination gateway
> B 48 172.18.180.0/24 10.0.1.241
...
> What I miss here ??
bgpd does allow add-path and having multiple paths to a prefix in the
RIB (e.g. perhaps useful on a route-server) but it does not handle
adding multiple paths for the same prefix to the FIB.
Bgpd multipath conf
Hello guys,
I try to setup an openbgpd setup involving multipath configuration ...with no
success.
My bgpd.conf is like that
prefix-set privnetworks {
10.55.0.0/16
10.60.0.0/16
172.16.0.0/12
}
log updates
network 10.240.0.0/16
group "eBGP" {
remote-as $AS1
neighbor $GW01 {
descr "bgp#1"
announce IPv4 unicast
announce add-path recv yes
set localpref 110
}
neighbor $GW02 {
descr "bgp#2"
announce IPv4 unicast
announce add-path recv yes
set localpref 110
}
}
match from any community GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN set { localpref 0 }
deny quick from group eBGP prefix 0.0.0.0/0
Deny out internal route
deny quick from group eBGP prefix 10.240.0.0/16 or-longer
##allow private
allow quick from group eBGP prefix-set privnetworks or-longer set rtlabel
PRIVNET
allow quick to group eBGP prefix 10.240.0.0/16
deny quick from any
#bgpctl sh rib 172.18.180.0/24
flags: * = Valid, > = Selected, I = via IBGP, A = Announced,
S = Stale, E = Error
origin validation state: N = not-found, V = valid, ! = invalid
aspa validation state: ? = unknown, V = valid, ! = invalid
origin: i = IGP, e = EGP, ? = Incomplete
flags vs destination gateway lpref med aspath origin
*>N-? 172.18.180.0/24 10.0.1.241110 0 14381 i
*mN-? 172.18.180.0/24 10.0.1.245110 0 14381 i
Show me two routes one marked with multipath
But in fib I see only one route
#bgpctl sh fib 172.18.180.0/24
flags: B = BGP, C = Connected, S = Static
N = BGP Nexthop reachable via this route
r = reject route, b = blackhole route
flags prio destination gateway
B 48 172.18.180.0/24 10.0.1.241
Confirmed by route
#route -n get 172.18.180.0/24
route to: 172.18.180.0
destination: 172.18.180.0
mask: 255.255.255.0
gateway: 10.0.1.241
interface: sec7130
if address: 10.0.1.242
priority: 48 (bgp)
flags:
label: PRIVNET
use mtuexpire
0 0 0
sockaddrs:
Multipath is enabled
# sysctl net.inet.ip.multipath
net.inet.ip.multipath=1
and static routes with -mpath option are setup correctly
What I miss here ??
Cheers
Marco
Caterpillar: Confidential Green
Re: What software to debugging and analyzing C?
On Tue, May 14, 2024 at 05:19:43AM -0300, Crystal Kolipe wrote: > On Sun, May 12, 2024 at 10:26:55PM +0200, Tomasz Rola wrote: > > I am sure gdb has some merits but for whatever C programs I wrote so > > far, a much more useful debugging technique was putting printf in > > right places and isolate the problem, and after that doing some mental > > work to actually understand why this seemingly correct line does > > something so wrong. > > Exactly. What you describe is likely the best method to fully understand the > code, what it's supposed to do and what it actually does, and by extension [...] Yes, I guess. > > Besides, all debuggers introduce their own perturbation and thus > > certain classes of error will be very hard to catch with them, if > > ever. > > But you do realise that adding printf() calls to the code can also change, > for example, the memory layout that the compiler uses, so certain memory > allocation bugs might become more or less easily triggerable? No, this did not occurred to me, at least not in such explicit way. Albeit somewhere deep I realise that program execution can change, if for example two "not related" lines of code switch places etc. (because of optimisation, for example). Before you pointed it out above I considered printf to be almost non-intrusive way of debugging. Thanks! -- Regards, Tomasz Rola -- ** A C programmer asked whether computer had Buddha's nature. ** ** As the answer, master did "rm -rif" on the programmer's home** ** directory. And then the C programmer became enlightened... ** ** ** ** Tomasz Rola mailto:tomasz_r...@bigfoot.com **
Re: Could OpenBSD use some compute?
On May 14 12:24:28, romand...@gmail.com wrote: > If someone had spare capacity, (say, in their homelab, ~80% available, > about same amount 10k/mon would buy in AWS spot instances), and wanted to > share it with the open source community in general and OpenBSD devs in > particular, and were willing to do some ops and eat the electricity bill, > how could they go about putting all those to good use? > Hosting mirrors comes to mind, maybe some build/test server? Fuzzy testing > dev branches? "I'm asking for a friend"
Re: viomb0 unable to allocate256 physmem pages, error 12
I'm not a coder; but I found source for viomb; which calls uvm_pglistalloc; which calls uvm_pmr_getpages which mentions ENOMEM: https://cvsweb.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/~checkout~/src/sys/uvm/uvm_pmemrange.c?rev=1.66=text/plain There I found this comment: * fail if any of these conditions is true: * [1] there really are no free pages, or * [2] only kernel "reserved" pages remain and *the UVM_PLA_USERESERVE flag wasn't used. * [3] only pagedaemon "reserved" pages remain and *the requestor isn't the pagedaemon nor the syncer. Unsure how I might use this information to get rid of the previously mentioned error message.. On Tue, May 14, 2024 at 2:28 PM Peter J. Philipp wrote: > On Tue, May 14, 2024 at 01:58:18PM -0400, F Bax wrote: > > Recently installed 7.5 amd64 in qemu VM (8G RAM) under proxmox. See this > > message many times on console and dmesg. > > > > viomb0 unable to allocate 256 physmem pages, error 12 > > > > What does this mean? How to resolve this issue? > > Hi, > > When you see "error " it's good to look up the manpage on errno. > Under number 12 it says: ENOMEM "Cannot Allocate Memory". But look for > yourself for a deeper explanation. Also if you want to hunt for this errno > in the code you would most likely grep for ENOMEM. > > Best Regards, > -pjp > > -- > ** all info about me: lynx https://callpeter.tel, dig loc > delphinusdns.org ** > >
Re: Localnet Hacking
On Tue, May 14, 2024 at 01:54:52AM +0200, Peter J. Philipp wrote: > Hi, > > A few more people responded, I'm falling behind on priorities though because Hi again, https://mainrechner.de/Buecher2024/batch1.png Here is the first batch that will be mailed out on Friday at the latest. I still have to find cartons for these. We have Sweden, Israel, Turkeye, Germany, USA, Canada, Spain, Australia, with some of them double or triple. Thanks to all. If you waould like to be on the second batch which goes out Friday the 24th please start writing me in private starting Saturday the 18th. I have my hands full with this and life in general. Thanks to all that participated. -pjp -- ** all info about me: lynx https://callpeter.tel, dig loc delphinusdns.org **
Re: pax and ext2fs
Hi Philip, On Tue May 14 19:40:04 2024 Philip Guenther wrote: > If you like, you could try the following patch to pax to more gracefully > handle filesystems with time resolution more granular than nanoseconds. After applying your patch, as I'd done before reporting the issue, I sycronized my home directory to an external ext2fs drive with the command showed by the man page: $ pax -rw -v -Z -Y source target This time only one file stays updating again an again, a soft link I have in my ~/bin folder of /usr/local/bin/prename. I tried the command Stuart Henderson taught me in that file: $ stat -f %Fm /usr/local/bin/prename 1713451867.0 ... no sub-second timestamp, like happens when I run the same stat comand with the files in the ext2fs drive. I ran stat with other files under /usr/local, same result, I end noticing that /usr/local is the only partition mounted with the wxallowed option. I wish my guessing info will be useful. :-) Let me know what more I can do to help. > The whitespace will presumably be mauled by gmail so use patch's -l option. Some lines in the diff arrived wrapped but I corrected them and could apply the patch. Gmail has an well hidden option :-), if you open your account from your browser you can configure it to send in plain text. You have to click in Compose, then in the compose window go to the last icon in the bottom right (with a vertical ellipis) hovering with your mouse says "More options", click and you'll see there the "Plain Text" option, select it and the option stays saved. I don't use gmail since a long time, I had to investigate this tired of friends sending me the HTML copy of all their messages. > > Philip Guenther > > -- Walter
Re: viomb0 unable to allocate256 physmem pages, error 12
On Tue, May 14, 2024 at 01:58:18PM -0400, F Bax wrote: > Recently installed 7.5 amd64 in qemu VM (8G RAM) under proxmox. See this > message many times on console and dmesg. > > viomb0 unable to allocate 256 physmem pages, error 12 > > What does this mean? How to resolve this issue? Hi, When you see "error " it's good to look up the manpage on errno. Under number 12 it says: ENOMEM "Cannot Allocate Memory". But look for yourself for a deeper explanation. Also if you want to hunt for this errno in the code you would most likely grep for ENOMEM. Best Regards, -pjp -- ** all info about me: lynx https://callpeter.tel, dig loc delphinusdns.org **
viomb0 unable to allocate256 physmem pages, error 12
Recently installed 7.5 amd64 in qemu VM (8G RAM) under proxmox. See this message many times on console and dmesg. viomb0 unable to allocate 256 physmem pages, error 12 What does this mean? How to resolve this issue?
Re: pax and ext2fs
If you like, you could try the following patch to pax to more gracefully
handle filesystems with time resolution more granular than nanoseconds.
The whitespace will presumably be mauled by gmail so use patch's -l option.
Philip Guenther
Index: ar_subs.c
===
RCS file: /data/src/openbsd/src/bin/pax/ar_subs.c,v
diff -u -p -r1.51 ar_subs.c
--- ar_subs.c 10 Jul 2023 16:28:33 - 1.51
+++ ar_subs.c 14 May 2024 17:19:15 -
@@ -146,23 +146,59 @@ list(void)
}
static int
-cmp_file_times(int mtime_flag, int ctime_flag, ARCHD *arcn, struct stat
*sbp)
+cmp_file_times(int mtime_flag, int ctime_flag, ARCHD *arcn, const char
*path)
{
struct stat sb;
+ long res;
- if (sbp == NULL) {
- if (lstat(arcn->name, ) != 0)
- return (0);
- sbp =
+ if (path == NULL)
+ path = arcn->name;
+ if (lstat(path, ) != 0)
+ return (0);
+
+ /*
+* The target (sb) mtime might be rounded down due to the
limitations
+* of the FS it's on. If it's strictly greater or we don't care
about
+* mtime, then precision doesn't matter, so check those cases first.
+*/
+ if (ctime_flag && mtime_flag) {
+ if (timespeccmp(>sb.st_mtim, _mtim, <=))
+ return timespeccmp(>sb.st_ctim, _ctim,
<=);
+ if (!timespeccmp(>sb.st_ctim, _ctim, <=))
+ return 0;
+ /* <= ctim, but >= mtim */
+ } else if (ctime_flag)
+ return timespeccmp(>sb.st_ctim, _ctim, <=);
+ else if (timespeccmp(>sb.st_mtim, _mtim, <=))
+ return 1;
+
+ /*
+* If we got here then the target arcn > sb for mtime *and* that's
+* the deciding factor. Check whether they're equal after rounding
+* down the arcn mtime to the precision of the target path.
+*/
+ res = pathconf(path, _PC_TIMESTAMP_RESOLUTION);
+ if (res == -1)
+ return 0;
+
+ /* nanosecond resolution? previous comparisons were accurate */
+ if (res == 1)
+ return 0;
+
+ /* common case: second accuracy */
+ if (res == 10)
+ return arcn->sb.st_mtime <= sb.st_mtime;
+
+ if (res < 10) {
+ struct timespec ts = arcn->sb.st_mtim;
+ ts.tv_nsec = (ts.tv_nsec / res) * res;
+ return timespeccmp(, _mtim, <=);
+ } else {
+ /* not a POSIX compliant FS */
+ res /= 10;
+ return ((arcn->sb.st_mtime / res) * res) <= sb.st_mtime;
+ return arcn->sb.st_mtime <= ((sb.st_mtime / res) * res);
}
-
- if (ctime_flag && mtime_flag)
- return (timespeccmp(>sb.st_mtim, >st_mtim, <=) &&
- timespeccmp(>sb.st_ctim, >st_ctim, <=));
- else if (ctime_flag)
- return (timespeccmp(>sb.st_ctim, >st_ctim, <=));
- else
- return (timespeccmp(>sb.st_mtim, >st_mtim, <=));
}
/*
@@ -842,14 +878,12 @@ copy(void)
/*
* if existing file is same age or newer skip
*/
- res = lstat(dirbuf, );
- *dest_pt = '\0';
-
- if (res == 0) {
+ if (cmp_file_times(uflag, Dflag, arcn, dirbuf)) {
+ *dest_pt = '\0';
ftree_skipped_newer(arcn);
- if (cmp_file_times(uflag, Dflag, arcn, ))
- continue;
+ continue;
}
+ *dest_pt = '\0';
}
/*
On Thu, May 2, 2024 at 6:54 AM Walter Alejandro Iglesias
wrote:
> On Thu, 2 May 2024 12:03:10, Stuart Henderson wrote
> > I don't have a suitable filesystem handy to test, but does OpenBSD's
> > implementation of ext2fs support sub-second timestamps?
> >
> > stat -f %Fm $filename
> >
> > If not, that's a probable explanation for the difference in behaviour.
> > You could probably confirm by forcing timestamps with no nanosecond
> > components, e.g. touch -t mmddhhmm.ss $filename, or copy to ext2fs
> > and back again.
>
> $ doas mount -t ext2fs /dev/sd0i /mnt
> $ touch ~/test.txt
> $ cp ~/test.txt /mnt
> $ stat -f %Fm /mnt/test.txt
> 1714657214.0
> $ cp ~/test.txt /mnt
> $ stat -f %Fm /mnt/test.txt
> 1714657409.0
> 癘m
>
Could OpenBSD use some compute?
If someone had spare capacity, (say, in their homelab, ~80% available, about same amount 10k/mon would buy in AWS spot instances), and wanted to share it with the open source community in general and OpenBSD devs in particular, and were willing to do some ops and eat the electricity bill, how could they go about putting all those to good use? Hosting mirrors comes to mind, maybe some build/test server? Fuzzy testing dev branches? If not compute, mb smth else, like storage/GPU/much-ram? Thanks in advance, Roman.
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
On Tue May 14 18:11:16 2024 Страхиња Радић wrote:
> Antipatterns are bad. I don't mean the ellipsis in `ls -l ...`. I mean
> things like
>
> cat file | grep hello | cat | sed 's/hello/world/g' | cat - > output
>
> for file in `echo `ls *` `; do echo $file; done
>
> ls -l | awk '{ print $5 }' # different things with different ls'es
> # under different locales, and on
> # different systems, with differently
> # named files
>
> which are something a novice will see and adopt, especially when it is
> not even communicated as a "sketch", and a seasoned user of shell will
> just be annoyed with.
This recalls me again the quote of the article you linked:
"..., unless extreme portability is more important..."
Let's make it short. Would you guarantee that your shell scripts work
on any unix-like system?
And here I abandon the discussion, needless to say that I appreciate all
your advices.
Greetings!
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
Дана 24/05/14 11:52AM, Walter Alejandro Iglesias написа:
> I learned about the convenience of adding the '-r' option in the "while
> read" loop many years ago when I was writing a script to convert roff to
> html, the problem aroused with the backslash in roff comments (.\").
That's more or less the point that answer is trying to make: you should
use the right tool for the job. Shell command language is not fit to
create parsers or interpreters in. Attempts can be made, but some
corner will be hit sooner or later. When that happens, it is time to
rethink if the problem would be better attacked by a full-fledged
program in a general programming language. Parsers, interpreters and
compilers are examples of this.
> Immediately, some "experts" started to point me "holes" in my
> script, when what I posted was just a sketch. In that case disregarding
> shell scripting wasn't useful as an argument since they were proposing
> fail2ban.sh (a clear example of using shell scripting for something
> complicated. ;-))
Antipatterns are bad. I don't mean the ellipsis in `ls -l ...`. I mean
things like
cat file | grep hello | cat | sed 's/hello/world/g' | cat - > output
for file in `echo `ls *` `; do echo $file; done
ls -l | awk '{ print $5 }'# different things with different ls'es
# under different locales, and on
# different systems, with differently
# named files
which are something a novice will see and adopt, especially when it is
not even communicated as a "sketch", and a seasoned user of shell will
just be annoyed with.
I've also seen system shell scripts from major distributions of
GNU/Linux and some mainstream software projects which feature examples
of this kind, so not even their developers are immune to it. More than
necessary amounts of bugs and security holes are then not a surprise at
all.
Re: What software to debugging and analyzing C?
On Tue, May 14, 2024 at 05:19:43AM -0300, Crystal Kolipe wrote: > On Sun, May 12, 2024 at 10:26:55PM +0200, Tomasz Rola wrote: > > I am sure gdb has some merits but for whatever C programs I wrote so > > far, a much more useful debugging technique was putting printf in > > right places and isolate the problem, and after that doing some mental > > work to actually understand why this seemingly correct line does > > something so wrong. > > Exactly. What you describe is likely the best method to fully understand the > code, what it's supposed to do and what it actually does, and by extension > avoid making the same coding mistakes in the future. Finding and fixing a > single error with gdb doesn't have the same educational benefit, nor in > many cases such a guarantee that other nearby bugs have also been noticed. > > > Besides, all debuggers introduce their own perturbation and thus > > certain classes of error will be very hard to catch with them, if > > ever. > > But you do realise that adding printf() calls to the code can also change, > for example, the memory layout that the compiler uses, so certain memory > allocation bugs might become more or less easily triggerable? Yes, I do realize that printf has that flaw. I also program some in Perl. print, warn, die, etc. can sometimes help, but often they don't. Carefully studying or just trying to rewrite a section of code from scratch is the only solution. Many years ago I wrote a trivial Perl script wrong. It very slowly grabbed more and more memory until it crashed the server about every two days. After very carefully watching, I figured out it was my script and I fixed a rather silly bug. I'll never forget that experience. -- Regards, Chris Bennett "Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past." George Orwell - 1984
Re: What software to debugging and analyzing C?
On Tue May 14 11:40:42 2024 Tomasz Rola wrote: > I am sure gdb has some merits but for whatever C programs I wrote so > far, a much more useful debugging technique was putting printf in > right places and isolate the problem, I got used to doing this too. I started doing it intuitively, I'm self-taught (and I'm certainly not an expert).
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
On Tue May 14 11:11:33 2024 wrote: > When `while ... read ...` idiom is used, it is advisable to clear IFS > to turn off field splitting, and use -r to avoid interpretation of > backslash sequences in the input: > > while IFS= read -r dir; do # ... > > Back to parsing the output of ls(1) (also applicable to parsing the > output of find(1), or globs), there is an indepth analysis of the > problem at [1]. The accepted answer concludes that perhaps shell > command language is not the right tool for the job, and a more > sophisticated language should be used instead. While I don't agree with > the author's choice of Python, any language supporting opendir(3), > readdir(3) or equivalent functions will suffice. > > [1]: > https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/128985/why-not-parse-ls-and-what-to-do-instead > Let's start for what the first answer in that forum put in bold: Bourne shell is a bad language. It should not be used for anything complicated, unless extreme portability is more important than any other factor (e.g. autoconf). If you analyze that statement, depending on the case, it may have sense or not at all. I learned about the convenience of adding the '-r' option in the "while read" loop many years ago when I was writing a script to convert roff to html, the problem aroused with the backslash in roff comments (.\"). When I post an example of a shell script in some forum or mailing list I post an sketch, assuming others will use it as a example and write themselves their own solution. Who won't be able to overcome issues like the above are those who aren't familiar or trained in that language in particular. For me (as I think it should be for any unix user) shell scripting is mainly the way a "use" the computer, it's not a "programmers" language, something you use to write whole applications of the kind "Push this button and relax, I'll do the job". I have a hundred of dirty shell scripts in my ~/bin directory that if you examine them you'll find many dumb errors, but mainly they do the job. I don't know anything about python (I don't like it), but I bet that if you analyze python, or C or Perl, you'll also find inconsistencies you'll have to workaround as with shell scripting. Nothing is perfect when you see it in detail. Many years ago I posted in some linux forum an example of a shell script to blacklist IPs in a web-mail server. My intention was encouraging users to not follow the MSWin approach, I mean downloading some 3rd party tool instead of learning what the system already has to offer. And I remember myself proposing and giving solutions with rsync in that same forum to someone asking for a mirror capable synchronizing tool. This, and *learning to do things by yourself* (even if your program isn't as good the one you download or isn't good at at all), are the fundamental tendencies I always defend since ARE THE REASON OF EXISTENCE OF FOSS. Immediately, some "experts" started to point me "holes" in my script, when what I posted was just a sketch. In that case disregarding shell scripting wasn't useful as an argument since they were proposing fail2ban.sh (a clear example of using shell scripting for something complicated. ;-)) Summarizing, my motivation was triggered by the topic of the thread and the way it was raised by the OP. -- Walter
Re: What software to debugging and analyzing C?
On Sun, May 12, 2024 at 10:26:55PM +0200, Tomasz Rola wrote: > I am sure gdb has some merits but for whatever C programs I wrote so > far, a much more useful debugging technique was putting printf in > right places and isolate the problem, and after that doing some mental > work to actually understand why this seemingly correct line does > something so wrong. Exactly. What you describe is likely the best method to fully understand the code, what it's supposed to do and what it actually does, and by extension avoid making the same coding mistakes in the future. Finding and fixing a single error with gdb doesn't have the same educational benefit, nor in many cases such a guarantee that other nearby bugs have also been noticed. > Besides, all debuggers introduce their own perturbation and thus > certain classes of error will be very hard to catch with them, if > ever. But you do realise that adding printf() calls to the code can also change, for example, the memory layout that the compiler uses, so certain memory allocation bugs might become more or less easily triggerable?
Re: Localnet Hacking
On Tue, May 14, 2024 at 01:54:52AM +0200, Peter J. Philipp wrote: > Hi, > > A few more people responded, I'm falling behind on priorities though because > I am very close to cracking AES-128 I have reduced it to a complexity of > 2 ^ 64. However I have some old code to get the first 32 bits identified but > I want to find a cleaner way. I'll upload my code to the https://centroid.eu > misc repo tomorrow. Once I have the crib for the first 32 bits in a sureshot > everything falls into place and the complexity falls to 2 * (2 ^ 32). I guess > that's the same a 2 ^ 33. Well my sugar high is over. It was good for a week or two. I spotted the error in my logic. I'll still be working on this tough. I passed rk into gosh() and used it.. I totally oversaw that. Best Regards, -pjp
Re: Localnet Hacking
On Sat, May 11, 2024 at 10:35:38AM +0200, Peter J. Philipp wrote: > On Sat, May 11, 2024 at 08:45:45AM +0200, Peter J. Philipp wrote: > > Contact me privately if you would like a batch with what you like. I'll > > make note on that webpage of what's given away. Offer ends July 1st of this > > year. > > Three books have already been given away. They went to Finland. Look for > a marking of a flag beside the name of the title of the book. > > Also if I may interest some people: The Java book is autographed by Ian F. > Darwin who is also on this list. Also the 4.4BSD book which is quite beaten > up was autographed by 3 of the 4 authors at BSDCon 2000. They were everyone > other than John Quarterman. Maybe I'll run into him one day but then I'll > be missing 3 signatures hehe. > > -pjp Hi, A few more people responded, I'm falling behind on priorities though because I am very close to cracking AES-128 I have reduced it to a complexity of 2 ^ 64. However I have some old code to get the first 32 bits identified but I want to find a cleaner way. I'll upload my code to the https://centroid.eu misc repo tomorrow. Once I have the crib for the first 32 bits in a sureshot everything falls into place and the complexity falls to 2 * (2 ^ 32). I guess that's the same a 2 ^ 33. It's kept me up most of the day and night today as it's exciting work. I promise to send your books by friday as wednesday and thursday are booked for me too. Also there has been close to 10 people now, for any new request I plea you to wait until next week. This is an exciting May. (Are you ready for the non-quantum cryptography apocalypse?, I'm starting to believe we're in a game like tron or something.. let's work together) -pjp -- ** all info about me: lynx https://callpeter.tel, dig loc delphinusdns.org **
Wacom pen tip pressure
Hello,
I tried to use wacom CTL-672, it works. Except pen tip pressure,
As stated in man uwacom.
On linux, pen tip pressure also not working if xf86-input-wacom
not installed.
In /src/sys/dev/hid/hidms.c:
...
case HID_USAGE2(HUP_WACOM | HUP_DIGITIZERS, HUD_TIP_PRESSURE):
DPRINTF(("Stylus usage pressure set\n"));
ms->sc_loc_z = h.loc;
ms->sc_tsscale.minz = h.logical_minimum;
ms->sc_tsscale.maxz = h.logical_maximum;
ms->sc_flags |= HIDMS_Z;
break;
...
Seems like it can read tip pressure, but need more processing,
isn't it? (correct me if i wrong).
So, to make pen tip pressure works, do we need uwacom + X driver
(xf86-input-wacom) to handle advanced process?.
Is xf86-input-wacom need to be ported?.
Or just improve uwacom?.
Or both?
It would be good if pen tip pressure can be used on openbsd.
Re: What software to debugging and analyzing C?
On Mon, May 13, 2024 at 08:24:38AM +0200, Janne Johansson wrote: > pkg_add llvm and run "scan-build" on your code, then you get a quite > thorough analysis on what potential error code paths it detects, with > fancy webpages to go along with the explanations for each found issue: > > http://c66.it.su.se:8080/obsd/scan-build-2019-10-10-202112-79522-1/report-3f2f00.html#EndPath > > It's not 100% perfect of course, but it still is a neat way to point > out where in the code you may need to make an extra effort to cover > corner cases. > > > I also wouldn't mind any other useful tips that might not be software. > > Any help very appreciated. > > Perhaps this fuzzing guide helps a bit getting programs to run better? > https://undeadly.org/cgi?action=article=20150121093259 Thank you and to the others replying. -- Regards, Chris Bennett "Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past." George Orwell - 1984
Re: gmake compile of python3.12 crashes on openBSD 7.5 but not on openBSD 7.4
On 2024-05-12, Sandeep Gupta wrote: > ./Tools/scripts/pydoc3 > build/scripts-3.12/pydoc3.12 > Illegal instruction (core dumped) > > I am unable to find a proper debugger into which to load the python.core > generated after core dump, so can't provide any useful debug info. pkg_add gdb and use the 'egdb' command.
Re: https://twitter.com/openbsd
On Sunday, May 12th, 2024 at 11:04 AM, T.J. Townsend > Wasting everyone's time by complaining on a mailing list that > we didn't post a tweet seems a little petty too. Anyway I just > blocked you from the OpenBSD account, so that should make life > easier for everyone going forward. Funny how the others have started rambling on about learning to type and you haven't had another one of your petty power trips about everyone's time being wasted. Are you feeling OK? Do you need a pettiness power-up? I bet you do! I did note I forgot to format the width for my last few emails, I forgot about protonmail simply sending it holus-bolus. This one should be OK. Oh, get on-topic!!! I learnt to type long enough ago that I don't remember actually learning, then one day I just stopped looking at the keyboard and never noticed the transition. Those kids will get bored of those typewriters in days, weeks at most. tux2bsd
Re: What software to debugging and analyzing C?
> I found a YouTube channel LowLevelLearning that covers various > programming languages in a manner that I find particularly helpful and > clear. For example comparing C and assembly on the same code is superb. > > In a short, he recommended valgrind to help finding memory leaks. > Other than splint and gdb, what other software is useful for working > with C? pkg_add llvm and run "scan-build" on your code, then you get a quite thorough analysis on what potential error code paths it detects, with fancy webpages to go along with the explanations for each found issue: http://c66.it.su.se:8080/obsd/scan-build-2019-10-10-202112-79522-1/report-3f2f00.html#EndPath It's not 100% perfect of course, but it still is a neat way to point out where in the code you may need to make an extra effort to cover corner cases. > I also wouldn't mind any other useful tips that might not be software. > Any help very appreciated. Perhaps this fuzzing guide helps a bit getting programs to run better? https://undeadly.org/cgi?action=article=20150121093259 -- May the most significant bit of your life be positive.
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
Andreas Kähäri writes:
i'm not sure why you're addressing this to me, as i'm not the
OP.
It's addressed to the thread in general.
Your response quoted me, then made use of the word 'you'. Which
you - and yes, i mean you, Andreas, specifically - have again done
below:
That said, yes, minimising the extent to which certain
non-'word'
characters
(i.e. roughly the POSIX 'alnum' class as described in
re_format(7))
_can_
make it easier to programatically do certain tasks which are
restricted by
the long and messy history of C and Unix development. Given
that
i've been
using computers for a few decades, i still instinctively don't
use
spaces in
filenames, even though they're very much allowed. But of
course,
that's not
what most of the world does, and this is an example of trying
to
work out
what the best tradeoffs might be when dealing with the
messiness of
the real
world.
Alexis.
With rsync(1):
rsync -n -aim --delete-excluded \
--include-from=list \
--include='*/' \
--exclude='*' \
source/ target
This would read your inclusion patterns from the file "list" (it
is
assumed that directories are entered as "dirname/***", which
matches the
name "directory" and all its content), include any directory,
and then
finaly exclude anything not already included. The matched names
would
be synchonised from beneath "source" to "target", and excluded
names
would be deleted from the target. With "-m", we don't keep
directories
at the target that ends up being empty.
You - by which i mean, you, Andreas, specifically - have quoted me
_at length_, in an email with _my email address_ in the To header,
before immediately making remarks not related to the text of mine
you quoted (which was instead related to the `-r` option to `read`
in the context of processing filenames, and which Страхиња has
addressed to my satisfaction).
If you - by which i mean, you, Andreas, specifically - want to use
'you' in the general sense of 'one' ("This would read one's
inclusions patterns ..."), which is certainly fair enough, then
please don't quote unrelated text _from me_ when doing so. If, for
some bizarre reason, your mail client prevents the removal of
unrelated quotes from others, use a better mail client.
In any case, from this point forward, please do not include my
email address in the delivery-related headers of any further
replies to this thread.
Alexis.
Re: What software to debugging and analyzing C?
On Sun, May 12, 2024 at 11:51:32AM -0700, Chris Bennett wrote: > I found a YouTube channel LowLevelLearning that covers various > programming languages in a manner that I find particularly helpful and > clear. For example comparing C and assembly on the same code is superb. > > In a short, he recommended valgrind to help finding memory leaks. > Other than splint and gdb, what other software is useful for working > with C? > I also wouldn't mind any other useful tips that might not be software. > Any help very appreciated. I am sure gdb has some merits but for whatever C programs I wrote so far, a much more useful debugging technique was putting printf in right places and isolate the problem, and after that doing some mental work to actually understand why this seemingly correct line does something so wrong. This approach does not look sexy enough to show it on y-t, so I guess there will not be a movie showing it. Besides, all debuggers introduce their own perturbation and thus certain classes of error will be very hard to catch with them, if ever. It also sometimes happened to me, that debugger pointed to wrong place, where the error supposedly happened. Very wrong place - like GUI code when in fact the bug was in database communication. I think it all becomes even more funky if you start playing with multithreaded apps and languages which come with threads built-in, under the hood. All of those things happened many years ago - perhaps debuggers improved, I have no idea. So, I suggest that you do: man tee and after that: ./yourcode 2>&1 | tee log.txt and: less log.txt -- Regards, Tomasz Rola -- ** A C programmer asked whether computer had Buddha's nature. ** ** As the answer, master did "rm -rif" on the programmer's home** ** directory. And then the C programmer became enlightened... ** ** ** ** Tomasz Rola mailto:tomasz_r...@bigfoot.com **
Re: https://twitter.com/openbsd
On 13/5/24 04:40, Chris Bennett wrote: I saw a news bit yesterday that in one town, all of the school children are buying old fashioned typewriters to break their link to computers and do things the old fashioned way. +1 to them. I prefer real text on paper myself. I learn things much better that way. Makes a lot more sense for teaching typing skills actually. In my day, my school was using i586-class machines running Windows 95 and Office 97. Seemed like a reasonable choice, but Word 97 was overkill for the job, and actually had a few anti-features which were problematic in exams: it only took an arsehole student a brief moment to stab F7 on your keyboard just as a teacher came around the corner to get someone disqualified from the typing exam… since use of the spell checker was forbidden in that context. Typewriters had no such luxuries. Mind you, neither did "simpler" word processors and text editors, so chalk one up for educator tunnel vision. I applaud the kids there for thinking outside the box. -- Stuart Longland (aka Redhatter, VK4MSL) I haven't lost my mind... ...it's backed up on a tape somewhere.
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
On Sun May 12 21:50:12 2024 Martin Schröder wrote: > > If a line begins with "- " (dash, space) or "+ " (plus, space), > then the type of rule is being explicitly specified as an exclude > or an include (respectively). Any rules without such a prefix are > taken to be an include. I'd read the man page. What I understand from this paragraph is that you have to include in the list *all* the files. How convenient! :-) > > > Coming back to the topic of this thread: Yeah, because I'm talking about football. > > Best > Martin > > >
Re: Why /var/www/run instead of /var/run for web services
> I suspect that it is because a web service might change its root > directory to /var/www using chroot(2), > Can anyone confirm or deny my assumption? right, www is chrooted. -Dan
Re: What software to debugging and analyzing C?
On May 12 11:51:32, cpb_m...@bennettconstruction.us wrote: > In a short, he recommended valgrind to help finding memory leaks. man malloc
Re: What software to debugging and analyzing C?
Otto Moerbeek thought me this: First compile your program with debug symbols (and, conveniently, without optimization settings.) $ DEBUG="-g -O0" make Then: $ MALLOC_OPTIONS=D ktrace -tu $ kdump -u malloc kdump will though you lines like this: 0x34f10a4b153 20480 1 20480 addr2line -e /usr/lib/libc.so.97.1 0x4d153 0x34f10a96470 410576 25 16423 addr2line -e /usr/src/usr.bin/ 0x98470 If you compiled your program with debugging symbols and your program has some leak, the name of your program will appear in some of those lines. Then you run that addr2line command and it'll show you in which file and line the leak is produced. It will show your errors that valgrind won't.
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
Am So., 12. Mai 2024 um 21:18 Uhr schrieb Walter Alejandro Iglesias : > On Sun May 12 20:58:43 2024 Andreas Kähäri wrote > > With rsync(1): > > > > rsync -n -aim --delete-excluded \ > > --include-from=list \ > > --include='*/' \ > > --exclude='*' \ > > source/ target > > > > I don't understand what your command does exactly. And this is surely man rsync --include=PATTERN This option is a simplified form of the --filter option that specifies an include rule and does not allow the full rule-parsing syntax of normal filter rules. This is equivalent to specifying -f'+ PATTERN'. See the FILTER RULES section for detailed information on this option. --include-from=FILE This option is related to the --include option, but it specifies a FILE that contains include patterns (one per line). Blank lines in the file are ignored, as are whole-line comments that start with ';' or '#' (filename rules that contain those characters are unaffected). If a line begins with "- " (dash, space) or "+ " (plus, space), then the type of rule is being explicitly specified as an exclude or an include (respectively). Any rules without such a prefix are taken to be an include. If a line consists of just "!", then the current filter rules are cleared before adding any further rules. If FILE is '-', the list will be read from standard input. Coming back to the topic of this thread: I'm curious that nobody has mentioned ansible/puppet/salt/... yet. Best Martin
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
On Sun May 12 20:58:43 2024 Andreas Kähäri wrote > With rsync(1): > > rsync -n -aim --delete-excluded \ > --include-from=list \ > --include='*/' \ > --exclude='*' \ > source/ target > I don't understand what your command does exactly. And this is surely of everyone interest since, like me, everyone has many files and directories in $HOME which are not worth to save, as ~/.cache for example. If you take a second look to my examples, the one using pax and the other using rsync inside a loop, both are thought to synchronize *only* what I put in the list and, as you see, in the list there are files and directories. I appreciate that you or any other rsync expert here show me how to accomplish that (in case it's possible) with rsync without resorting to a loop as I did. (Not challenging, I'm asking this as favor.) I use a simliar solution to syncronize my $HOME directory to other machines. Related to the idea of synchronizing a selection of files and directories saved in a list, I attempted to lern how rdist(1) works, as Robert B. Carleton advised me, but I couldn't see much, rdistd(1) core dumped.
What software to debugging and analyzing C?
I found a YouTube channel LowLevelLearning that covers various programming languages in a manner that I find particularly helpful and clear. For example comparing C and assembly on the same code is superb. In a short, he recommended valgrind to help finding memory leaks. Other than splint and gdb, what other software is useful for working with C? I also wouldn't mind any other useful tips that might not be software. Any help very appreciated. -- Regards, Chris Bennett "Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past." George Orwell - 1984
Re: https://twitter.com/openbsd
On Sun, May 12, 2024 at 09:53:00AM +, Rubén Llorente wrote: > > I think it is worth mentioning I know of a number of small operations that > have announced their complete withdrawal from social media - Twitter, > Facebook, Instagram, the Fediverse - because the benefit they get from > social media presence is not worth the labor time required to sustain social > media presence. > > That said, when those operations ceased social media activity, they took > care of making it widely known among their audience rather than just let > their social media accounts rot... > I saw a news bit yesterday that in one town, all of the school children are buying old fashioned typewriters to break their link to computers and do things the old fashioned way. +1 to them. I prefer real text on paper myself. I learn things much better that way. -- Regards, Chris Bennett "Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past." George Orwell - 1984
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
On Sun, May 12, 2024 at 01:40:25PM +0200, Walter Alejandro Iglesias wrote: > > Unix development. Given that i've been using computers for a few > > decades, i still instinctively don't use spaces in filenames, even > > though they're very much allowed. But of course, that's not what > > most of the world does, and this is an example of trying to work > > out what the best tradeoffs might be when dealing with the > > messiness of the real world. > > I overlooked this in my example because I *never* use spaces, UTF-8 or > any special characters to name my file names. Lately, I finally > persuaded my wife to use Linux, after decades of having to use Windows. > Even when I educated her in this matter she has clients who send her > files named with any kind of crap, so taking care of this issue is still > convenient. > I download a lot of files with a hideous mess of characters. I wrote a small script to substitute in acceptable characters. I can enter a regex, select to just use a directory or go down recursively. Also I can select to only change filenames or directories or both. After reading this thread I see I need to update the script. -- Regards, Chris Bennett "Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past." George Orwell - 1984
Why /var/www/run instead of /var/run for web services
Hi everyone, I hope all of you had a great weekend so far! I was wondering why OpenBSD web services like httpd write their PID file to /var/www/run instead of /var/run. I suspect that it is because a web service might change its root directory to /var/www using chroot(2), making everything outside of this directory inaccessible during runtime (this would probably not affect httpd but maybe other web-related services), and that /var/www is the home directory of the www user. However, I couldn't find anything to confirm this. Can anyone confirm or deny my assumption? Regards, Souji
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
Andreas Kähäri writes: The external env(1) utility will only ever list environment variables. The IFS variable does not need to be exported as an environment variable as it's only ever used by the current shell (and any new shell would reset it). To list all variables in a shell, use the built-in set utility without any arguments. $ (unset -v IFS; ksh -c 'set' | grep -A 1 IFS) IFS=' ' $ (unset -v IFS; ksh -c 'printf "%s" "$IFS" | hexdump -C') 20 09 0a | ..| 0003 i stand corrected. Alexis.
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
Страхиња Радић writes: Дана 24/05/12 07:31PM, Alexis написа: Omitting -r as a parameter to read would make it interpret backscape sequences, which would make the directory name in the filesystem different than the one command/script operates on, which is most likely undesired (unless the intention is to exploit some bug). Yes, i understood that omitting `-r` would make it interpret escape sequences, hence me asking: about the possibility of someone having consciously put e.g. a \t in a directory name because they were assuming that it _would_ get interpreted when required? So i take your answer as, in reference a comment in the other subthread: yes, there are in fact 'inappropriate' characters, in the sense that certain representations of certain characters aren't allowed. Which seems very reasonable to me. Thanks for explaining. Alexis.
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
Дана 24/05/12 07:31PM, Alexis написа:
> i wondered about that in this context. If people putting odd / inappropriate
> things in directory names are a concern ("weird characters", as you wrote
> upthread), what do we do about the possibility of someone having consciously
> put e.g. a \t in a directory name because they were assuming that it _would_
> get interpreted when required?
Omitting -r as a parameter to read would make it interpret backscape
sequences, which would make the directory name in the filesystem
different than the one command/script operates on, which is most
likely undesired (unless the intention is to exploit some bug).
Consider
$ dir=$'helloe[1mworlde[0m'; echo $dir | while read dir; do
echo $dir; mkdir $dir; done
helloe[1mworlde[0m
$ ls -ldq hello*
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 512 May 12 14:13 helloe[1mworlde[0m/
$ ls -ld $(echo $dir)
ls: hello\e[1mworld\e[0m: No such file or directory
$ rmdir $(echo $dir)
rmdir: hello\e[1mworld\e[0m: No such file or directory
$ rmdir helloe\[1mworlde\[0m/
-- expansion by Tab key
vs
$ dir=$'helloe[1mworlde[0m'; echo $dir | while read -r dir; do
echo $dir; mkdir $dir; done
helloworld
^-- bold attribute on
$ ls -ldq hello*
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 512 May 12 14:13 hello\e[1mworld\e[0m/
$ ls -ld $(echo $dir)
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 512 May 12 14:13 hello\e[1mworld\e[0m/
$ rmdir $(echo $dir)
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
On Sun, May 12, 2024 at 08:08:17PM +1000, Alexis wrote: > Andreas Kähäri writes: > > > Well, that's one way to control this trainwreck of a script; just say > > that any name containing "inappropriate" characters aren't allowed! > > > > May I ask why you don't simply use rsync(1) (or even openrsync(1) from > > the OpenBSD base system)? > > i'm not sure why you're addressing this to me, as i'm not the OP. It's addressed to the thread in general. > > That said, yes, minimising the extent to which certain non-'word' characters > (i.e. roughly the POSIX 'alnum' class as described in re_format(7)) _can_ > make it easier to programatically do certain tasks which are restricted by > the long and messy history of C and Unix development. Given that i've been > using computers for a few decades, i still instinctively don't use spaces in > filenames, even though they're very much allowed. But of course, that's not > what most of the world does, and this is an example of trying to work out > what the best tradeoffs might be when dealing with the messiness of the real > world. > > > Alexis. With rsync(1): rsync -n -aim --delete-excluded \ --include-from=list \ --include='*/' \ --exclude='*' \ source/ target This would read your inclusion patterns from the file "list" (it is assumed that directories are entered as "dirname/***", which matches the name "directory" and all its content), include any directory, and then finaly exclude anything not already included. The matched names would be synchonised from beneath "source" to "target", and excluded names would be deleted from the target. With "-m", we don't keep directories at the target that ends up being empty. -- Andreas (Kusalananda) Kähäri SciLifeLab, NBIS, ICM Uppsala University, Sweden .
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
On Sun, May 12, 2024 at 07:56:55PM +1000, Alexis wrote: > Andreas Kähäri writes: > > > The ksh(1) shell sets IFS by default to a space, tab and a newline > > character. > > Those are the defaults used when IFS is not set _as a variable_. If you log > in, and run env(1), in the absence of any manual setting of IFS in .kshrc or > whatever, you'll see that IFS is not listed, because it's not 'set' in the > shell variable sense. When it's not set, the shell assumes that IFS has the > value you listed. > > (Additionally, a shell variable not being set is _not_ the same as that > variable being set to the empty string.) > > > Alexis. The external env(1) utility will only ever list environment variables. The IFS variable does not need to be exported as an environment variable as it's only ever used by the current shell (and any new shell would reset it). To list all variables in a shell, use the built-in set utility without any arguments. $ (unset -v IFS; ksh -c 'set' | grep -A 1 IFS) IFS=' ' $ (unset -v IFS; ksh -c 'printf "%s" "$IFS" | hexdump -C') 20 09 0a | ..| 0003 -- Andreas (Kusalananda) Kähäri SciLifeLab, NBIS, ICM Uppsala University, Sweden .
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
On Sun May 12 13:22:13 2024 Alexis wrote: > Andreas Kähäri writes: > > Well, that's one way to control this trainwreck of a script; > > just say > > that any name containing "inappropriate" characters aren't > > allowed! > > > > May I ask why you don't simply use rsync(1) (or even > > openrsync(1) from > > the OpenBSD base system)? > > i'm not sure why you're addressing this to me, as i'm not the OP. I guess it's me who Andreas should address this question to, right? I gave a dirty example to someone who mentioned pax to the OP. Just playing and lerning. :-) I've been using rsync since ever, but, first, I don't think rsync is bulletproof either and, second, making a backup with pax is faster and in some cases simpler. If you don't want to delete files on the target you don't need to do scripting at all. Let's take the example I put in my first message. With rsync, you'll have to do something like this: ~/backup_list # backup_list .Xdefaults .kshrc .nexrc .profile .calendar/ .config/feh/ .config/fontconfig/ .config/gtk-3.0/gtk.css Documents/ Pictures/ [...] --- files=$(egrep -v "^$|^#" ~/backup_list) for i in $files ; do rsync -av --delete --mkpath $HOME/$i $device/$user/$i done But openrsync doesn't have a '--mkpath' option, I let Andreas to think the solution. :-) > > That said, yes, minimising the extent to which certain non-'word' > characters (i.e. roughly the POSIX 'alnum' class as described in > re_format(7)) _can_ make it easier to programatically do certain > tasks which are restricted by the long and messy history of C and > Unix development. Given that i've been using computers for a few > decades, i still instinctively don't use spaces in filenames, even > though they're very much allowed. But of course, that's not what > most of the world does, and this is an example of trying to work > out what the best tradeoffs might be when dealing with the > messiness of the real world. I overlooked this in my example because I *never* use spaces, UTF-8 or any special characters to name my file names. Lately, I finally persuaded my wife to use Linux, after decades of having to use Windows. Even when I educated her in this matter she has clients who send her files named with any kind of crap, so taking care of this issue is still convenient. > > > Alexis. > > > -- Walter
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
On Sun, May 12, 2024 at 07:31:41PM +1000, Alexis wrote:
> Страхиња Радић writes:
>
> > When `while ... read ...` idiom is used, it is advisable to clear IFS to
> > turn off field splitting
>
> *nod* Fair point; it's not set by default, so i didn't think to note that
> any manual setting of it should be overridden for this.
The ksh(1) shell sets IFS by default to a space, tab and a newline
character.
>
> > and use -r to avoid interpretation of backslash sequences in the input:
>
> i wondered about that in this context. If people putting odd / inappropriate
> things in directory names are a concern ("weird characters", as you wrote
> upthread), what do we do about the possibility of someone having consciously
> put e.g. a \t in a directory name because they were assuming that it _would_
> get interpreted when required?
>
>
> Alexis.
Well, that's one way to control this trainwreck of a script; just say
that any name containing "inappropriate" characters aren't allowed!
May I ask why you don't simply use rsync(1) (or even openrsync(1) from
the OpenBSD base system)?
--
Andreas (Kusalananda) Kähäri
Uppsala, Sweden
.
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
On Sun May 12 11:40:05 2024 tux2bsd wrote > Hi Walter > > mktemp makes temporary unique filenames like this: > > delete_list=$(mktemp) > source_list=$(mktemp) > target_list=$(mktemp) > # Do your code. If you want to keep something you do > # that appropriately then: > rm $delete_list $source_list $target_list > > This version can deal with files with special characters and spaces: # Remove files from target directory delete_list=$(mktemp -t delete.XX) || exit 1 source_list=$(mktemp -t source.XX) || exit 1 target_list=$(mktemp -t target.XX) || exit 1 dirs=$(echo "$files" | grep '/$') cd && find $dirs | sort | uniq > $source_list cd "$target" && find $dirs | sort | uniq > $target_list diff $source_list $target_list | grep '^> ' | sed 's#^> #'$target'/#' > $delete_list cd && while read line; do echo "delete $line" rm "$line" done < $delete_list # Clean rm $source_list $target_list $delete_list
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
Andreas Kähäri writes: Well, that's one way to control this trainwreck of a script; just say that any name containing "inappropriate" characters aren't allowed! May I ask why you don't simply use rsync(1) (or even openrsync(1) from the OpenBSD base system)? i'm not sure why you're addressing this to me, as i'm not the OP. That said, yes, minimising the extent to which certain non-'word' characters (i.e. roughly the POSIX 'alnum' class as described in re_format(7)) _can_ make it easier to programatically do certain tasks which are restricted by the long and messy history of C and Unix development. Given that i've been using computers for a few decades, i still instinctively don't use spaces in filenames, even though they're very much allowed. But of course, that's not what most of the world does, and this is an example of trying to work out what the best tradeoffs might be when dealing with the messiness of the real world. Alexis.
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
Andreas Kähäri writes: The ksh(1) shell sets IFS by default to a space, tab and a newline character. Those are the defaults used when IFS is not set _as a variable_. If you log in, and run env(1), in the absence of any manual setting of IFS in .kshrc or whatever, you'll see that IFS is not listed, because it's not 'set' in the shell variable sense. When it's not set, the shell assumes that IFS has the value you listed. (Additionally, a shell variable not being set is _not_ the same as that variable being set to the empty string.) Alexis.
Re: https://twitter.com/openbsd
Stuart Longland wrote: It's also dead because how how things are being run there. It's a site for misinformation. "OpenBSD 7.5 is released" isn't misinformation, it's fact, so has no place on twitter.com or x.com. It's also news about an open-source free-software project, something that also is off-topic for twitter.com and x.com. Traditional social media has been on the decline since 2015, and it has nothing to do with the reliability of the content it hosts. I would argue TV stations and newspapers generate a comparable amount of garbage and nobody complains. The main issue is that it is getting harder to reach people from social media, which is the main goal of corporate and commercial users of social media. So called "organic growth" (ie. passively building an audience just because they find you on social media) has been descending since 2015. The main issue seems to be that mainstream social media generates so much stuff for people to read that the probability of people finding you instead of finding yet another silly video has decreased significantly. I think it is worth mentioning I know of a number of small operations that have announced their complete withdrawal from social media - Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, the Fediverse - because the benefit they get from social media presence is not worth the labor time required to sustain social media presence. That said, when those operations ceased social media activity, they took care of making it widely known among their audience rather than just let their social media accounts rot...
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
Страхиња Радић writes:
When `while ... read ...` idiom is used, it is advisable to
clear IFS
to turn off field splitting
*nod* Fair point; it's not set by default, so i didn't think to
note that any manual setting of it should be overridden for this.
and use -r to avoid interpretation of backslash sequences in the
input:
i wondered about that in this context. If people putting odd /
inappropriate things in directory names are a concern ("weird
characters", as you wrote upthread), what do we do about the
possibility of someone having consciously put e.g. a \t in a
directory name because they were assuming that it _would_ get
interpreted when required?
Alexis.
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
> What about the following, better? > > - > # Remove files from target directory > date=$(date +%H%M%S) > delete_list=/tmp/delete_$date > source_list=/tmp/source_$date > target_list=/tmp/target_$date Hi Walter mktemp makes temporary unique filenames like this: delete_list=$(mktemp) source_list=$(mktemp) target_list=$(mktemp) # Do your code. If you want to keep something you do # that appropriately then: rm $delete_list $source_list $target_list tux2bsd
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
Дана 24/05/12 06:17PM, Alexis написа: > To deal with spaces etc., one could possibly use something along the lines > of the following kludge; it assumes that \n is relatively unlikely to be > found in a directory name, and that the directories in $dirs can be > separated by \n. > > cd "$target" && >echo "$(echo $dirs | while read dir >do > find $dir >done)\n" | sort | uniq > "$target_list" When `while ... read ...` idiom is used, it is advisable to clear IFS to turn off field splitting, and use -r to avoid interpretation of backslash sequences in the input: while IFS= read -r dir; do # ... Back to parsing the output of ls(1) (also applicable to parsing the output of find(1), or globs), there is an indepth analysis of the problem at [1]. The accepted answer concludes that perhaps shell command language is not the right tool for the job, and a more sophisticated language should be used instead. While I don't agree with the author's choice of Python, any language supporting opendir(3), readdir(3) or equivalent functions will suffice. [1]: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/128985/why-not-parse-ls-and-what-to-do-instead
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
On Sun May 12 10:07:30 2024 Страхиња Радић wrote:
> A few notes:
>
> - You don't need a backslash after a pipe (|) or a list operator (||
> and &&) - a line ending with a pipe is an incomplete pipeline. So
> (with added quoting):
>
> diff "$source_list" "$target_list" |
> awk '/^> / { print "'"$target"'/" $NF }' > "$delete_list"
I know, just fingers habit. :-)
>
> As an example for a list operator, the second line beginning with cd
> could also be written as:
>
> cd "$target" &&
> find "$dirs" | sort | uniq > "$target_list"
>
> This works even when entering commands interactively from the command
> line.
>
> - Before the `rm -rf` line, a useless use of cat[1]:
>
> sed 's/^/delete /' "$delete_list"
>
> - The xargs is unnecessary in `rm -rf $(cat $delete_list | xargs)`;
> BTW, that line is vulnerable to weird pathnames (for example,
> those including spaces, line feeds and special characters).
>
What about the following, better?
-
# Remove files from target directory
date=$(date +%H%M%S)
delete_list=/tmp/delete_$date
source_list=/tmp/source_$date
target_list=/tmp/target_$date
dirs=$(echo "$files" | grep '/$')
cd && find $dirs | sort | uniq > $source_list
cd "$target" && find $dirs | sort | uniq > $target_list
diff $source_list $target_list |
awk '/^> / { print "'$target'/" $NF }' > $delete_list
cd &&
if [ -s $delete_list ]; then
echo "Deleting on ${target}:"
rm -vrf $(cat $delete_list)
fi
# Clean
rm $source_list $target_list $delete_list
-
Thanks for your recomendations!
--
Walter
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
Страхиња Радић writes: Lapsus: the variable dirs should not be quoted here if it contains more than one directory to be passed to find. It is vulnerable to directory names containing spaces and weird characters, however. So: cd "$target" && find $dirs | sort | uniq > "$target_list" To deal with spaces etc., one could possibly use something along the lines of the following kludge; it assumes that \n is relatively unlikely to be found in a directory name, and that the directories in $dirs can be separated by \n. cd "$target" && echo "$(echo $dirs | while read dir do find $dir done)\n" | sort | uniq > "$target_list" Alexis.
gmake compile of python3.12 crashes on openBSD 7.5 but not on openBSD 7.4
I was able to compile Python 3.12 from source code on openBSD 7.4. However, after upgrade to 7.5 the compile process crashes with core dump: cc -pthread -g -Wl,--export-dynamic -o Programs/_testembed Programs/_testembed.o -L. -lpython3.12 -lpthread -lutil -lm _testembed.c:1848 (./Programs/_testembed.c:1848)(Programs/_testembed.o:(test_init_use_frozen_modules)): warning: wcscpy() is almost always misused, please use wcslcpy() sed -e "s,/usr/bin/env python3,/home/kabiraatmonallabs/Execution/Runtime/bin/python3.12," < ./Tools/scripts/2to3 > build/scripts-3.12/2to3-3.12 sed -e "s,/usr/bin/env python3,/home/kabiraatmonallabs/Execution/Runtime/bin/python3.12," < ./Tools/scripts/idle3 > build/scripts-3.12/idle3.12 sed -e "s,/usr/bin/env python3,/home/kabiraatmonallabs/Execution/Runtime/bin/python3.12," < ./Tools/scripts/pydoc3 > build/scripts-3.12/pydoc3.12 Illegal instruction (core dumped) gmake[2]: *** [Makefile:1142: checksharedmods] Error 132 gmake[2]: Leaving directory '/home/kabiraatmonallabs/Execution/Runtime/Python-3.12.2' gmake[1]: *** [Makefile:793: profile-gen-stamp] Error 2 gmake[1]: Leaving directory '/home/kabiraatmonallabs/Execution/Runtime/Python-3.12.2' gmake: *** [Makefile:805: profile-run-stamp] Error 2 I am unable to find a proper debugger into which to load the python.core generated after core dump, so can't provide any useful debug info. I don't think this is due to some changes in Python code that is creating the core dump. Any ideas would be helpful. Thanks Sandeep
Re: https://twitter.com/openbsd
Stuart L, your rant is unhinged. > The OpenBSD team owe us (you included), nothing. No shit. I only asked, in my own way, why there was an inconsistency in release posts on Twitter. They've been somewhat regular. By blocking me the little tyrant T.J. Townsend demonstrated just how trivially a release post could have been made. It takes just a tiny little bit less effort to make a post on that platform. He said "we" at one point to deflect from the fact he didn't want to, I just don't understand why. "Ah, one of us forgot & it's a bit late now" would have been a normal person's response, not immediately *I blocked you*. tux2bsd
Re: https://twitter.com/openbsd
On 12/5/24 10:02, tux2bsd wrote: The rest of what you blathered about is in your head, I only ever mentioned the lack of an (singular) announcement via Twitter. You want announcements on Twitter, you make it happen. As it happens, Twitter is DEAD. Ask that idiot @elonmusk -- he'll confirm it for you. He calls it 핏. The domain remains "twitter.com" because they've likely hard-coded it into too many places to make a feasible switch-over to "x.com" possible. It's also dead because how how things are being run there. It's a site for misinformation. "OpenBSD 7.5 is released" isn't misinformation, it's fact, so has no place on twitter.com or x.com. It's also news about an open-source free-software project, something that also is off-topic for twitter.com and x.com. But, that's beside the point. There's an API there… it's not rocket science to write a script that takes an email from `stdin`, scrapes the subject line and a hyperlink, then slaps that into a HTTP POST request… then configure your mail server to call it on receipt of an email. I for one, am thankful they provide this project at all. OpenBSD and its spin-off projects like OpenSSH… have made the Internet a better place. The OpenBSD team owe us (you included), nothing. They already give plenty. And I've given this thread enough attention. -- Stuart Longland (aka Redhatter, VK4MSL) I haven't lost my mind... ...it's backed up on a tape somewhere.
Re: Kernel debugging
Daniel Hejduk writes: Is there any way to build the kernel on Linux preferably Arch Linux? In a VM, sure. Otherwise, no. Here's a comment from a thread about this topic, from a couple of years ago: https://www.reddit.com/r/openbsd/comments/r6wj3c/comment/hmwhk4a/ Alexis.
Re: https://twitter.com/openbsd
On Sunday, May 12th, 2024 at 12:34 PM, Chris Petrik wrote: > Still amusing regardless Thanks for the inspiration. I made the following they-speak so that it's in the left's lobotomy language. One wonders why T.J. Townsend doesn't simply sell OpenBSD's Twitter credentials to some porn site, make they's $458.12 then they not need to bother their they with Twitter ever again. T.J. Townsend won't close OpenBSD's Twitter account because their they needs it for their they's ego. "I manage OpenBSD's Twitter!!" they boasts as they plays the children's game Minecraft. Triumphantly they regales "I blocked tux2bsd based on a single email which made this they felt personally attacked. This they sure showed tux2bsd!!!". Meanwhile, Stuart Longland is lost somewhere in at the commune looking for they's bourgeoisie reading glasses. tux2bsd
Re: https://twitter.com/openbsd
Yeap a reason why ML suck Sent from Proton Mail Android Original Message On 5/11/24 7:02 PM, tux2bsd wrote: > On Sunday, May 12th, 2024 at 11:25 AM, Stuart Longland > > since you seem to want evidence that it was announced… > > Learn to read: > > > No post about the 7.5 release on https://twitter.com/openbsd > > The rest of what you blathered about is in your head, I only ever mentioned > the lack of an (singular) announcement via Twitter. At no point in time did > I suggest it was not announced via standard channels. > > You and T.J. Townsend have a personal issue with Twitter, so much so that > the pair of you are being irrational. > > tux2bsd > >
Re: https://twitter.com/openbsd
On Sunday, May 12th, 2024 at 11:25 AM, Stuart Longland > since you seem to want evidence that it was announced… Learn to read: > No post about the 7.5 release on https://twitter.com/openbsd The rest of what you blathered about is in your head, I only ever mentioned the lack of an (singular) announcement via Twitter. At no point in time did I suggest it was not announced via standard channels. You and T.J. Townsend have a personal issue with Twitter, so much so that the pair of you are being irrational. tux2bsd
Re: https://twitter.com/openbsd
On Sunday, May 12th, 2024 at 11:04 AM, T.J. Townsend wrote: > On Sat, May 11, 2024 at 10:26:49PM +, tux2bsd wrote: > > > Seemed strange, if deliberate then exceptionally petty. > Wasting everyone's time by complaining on a mailing list that > we didn't post a tweet seems a little petty too. Anyway I just > blocked you from the OpenBSD account, so that should make life > easier for everyone going forward. I checked, you did too. Taking that action only feeds your own ego T.J. Townsend. I said it "Seemed strange,". The rest of the sentence was if it was deliberate, which it must have been since you felt the need to overreact. You also showed how trivial it would have been for a post like "OpenBSD 7.5 released" to have been made but one can only conclude you didn't want to. Bizarre. tux2bsd
Re: https://twitter.com/openbsd
On 12/5/24 09:12, tux2bsd wrote:
On 12/5/24 08:26, tux2bsd wrote:
No post about the 7.5 release on https://twitter.com/openbsd
Seemed strange, if deliberate then exceptionally petty.
Twitter is dead.
You forgot CC. Here, I'll add Reply-To so you don't get confused next time.
That's your leftism talking, not reality.
No, it's reality. It was irrelevant before, it's irrelevant and dead
now. Much of the infosec community have jumped ship, and these days,
sites like https://infosec.exchange/ pretty much have surpassed the need
for Twitter.
As for the announcement, since you seem to want evidence that it was
announced…
https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-announce=171228270018970=2
If you want announcements on your ${SOCIAL_MEDIA_SITE}, subscribe an
email client, write a script to publish it to said site. There's no
need for people here to help you flog a dead horse.
--
Stuart Longland (aka Redhatter, VK4MSL)
I haven't lost my mind...
...it's backed up on a tape somewhere.
Re: https://twitter.com/openbsd
> On 12/5/24 08:26, tux2bsd wrote: > > No post about the 7.5 release on https://twitter.com/openbsd > > > > Seemed strange, if deliberate then exceptionally petty. > > > Twitter is dead. That's your leftism talking, not reality.
Re: https://twitter.com/openbsd
On Sat, May 11, 2024 at 10:26:49PM +, tux2bsd wrote: > I'm a bit late remembering to follow this up. > > No post about the 7.5 release on https://twitter.com/openbsd > > Seemed strange, if deliberate then exceptionally petty. > > IIRC I saw it on OSNews on the day. Wasting everyone's time by complaining on a mailing list that we didn't post a tweet seems a little petty too. Anyway I just blocked you from the OpenBSD account, so that should make life easier for everyone going forward.
Re: https://twitter.com/openbsd
On 12/5/24 08:26, tux2bsd wrote: I'm a bit late remembering to follow this up. No post about the 7.5 release on https://twitter.com/openbsd Seemed strange, if deliberate then exceptionally petty. IIRC I saw it on OSNews on the day. Twitter is dead. OpenBSD has a website you can check, and an announcements list you can subscribe to if you're too busy to check the website. While there's possibly some benefit in having a presence on the fediverse, I think the era of commercialised social media would be a good one to leave behind. -- Stuart Longland (aka Redhatter, VK4MSL) I haven't lost my mind... ...it's backed up on a tape somewhere.
https://twitter.com/openbsd
I'm a bit late remembering to follow this up. No post about the 7.5 release on https://twitter.com/openbsd Seemed strange, if deliberate then exceptionally petty. IIRC I saw it on OSNews on the day.
Re: Kernel debugging
On Sat, 11 May 2024 21:49:42 +0100, Daniel Hejduk wrote: > > Is there any way to build the kernel on Linux preferably Arch Linux? > It is theoretically possible, but you need to change Makefiles a lot, and probably to hack your toolchain. -- wbr, Kirill
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
Дана 24/05/11 10:36PM, Страхиња Радић написа: > cd "$target" && > find "$dirs" | sort | uniq > "$target_list" Lapsus: the variable dirs should not be quoted here if it contains more than one directory to be passed to find. It is vulnerable to directory names containing spaces and weird characters, however. So: cd "$target" && find $dirs | sort | uniq > "$target_list"
Re: Kernel debugging
Hello again, Is there any way to build the kernel on Linux preferably Arch Linux? Best regards, Daniel Hejduk 11. května 2024 22:05:50 SELČ, "Kirill A. Korinsky" napsal: >On Sat, 11 May 2024 20:28:08 +0100, >Daniel Hejduk wrote: >> >> I want to enable kernel debugging how can I do it? >> > >See: https://man.openbsd.org/options > >-- >wbr, Kirill >
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
Дана 24/05/11 07:41PM, Walter Alejandro Iglesias написа:
> Today I realized that the loop above is not necesary:
>
> ---
> dirs=$(echo "$files" | grep '/$')
>
> cd && find $dirs | sort | uniq > $source_list
> cd $target && find $dirs | sort | uniq > $target_list
> diff $source_list $target_list |\
>awk '/^> / { print "'$target'/" $NF }' > $delete_list
>
> cat $delete_list | sed 's/^/delete /'
> rm -rf $(cat $delete_list | xargs)
>
> # Clean
> rm $source_list $target_list $delete_list
>
A few notes:
- You don't need a backslash after a pipe (|) or a list operator (||
and &&) - a line ending with a pipe is an incomplete pipeline. So
(with added quoting):
diff "$source_list" "$target_list" |
awk '/^> / { print "'"$target"'/" $NF }' > "$delete_list"
As an example for a list operator, the second line beginning with cd
could also be written as:
cd "$target" &&
find "$dirs" | sort | uniq > "$target_list"
This works even when entering commands interactively from the command
line.
- Before the `rm -rf` line, a useless use of cat[1]:
sed 's/^/delete /' "$delete_list"
- The xargs is unnecessary in `rm -rf $(cat $delete_list | xargs)`;
BTW, that line is vulnerable to weird pathnames (for example,
those including spaces, line feeds and special characters).
[1]: https://porkmail.org/era/unix/award
Re: Kernel debugging
> On 11 May 2024, at 22:28, Daniel Hejduk wrote: > > Hello, > I want to enable kernel debugging how can I do it? > See ddb(4) man page. > Best regards, > Daniel Hejduk
Re: Kernel debugging
On Sat, 11 May 2024 20:28:08 +0100, Daniel Hejduk wrote: > > I want to enable kernel debugging how can I do it? > See: https://man.openbsd.org/options -- wbr, Kirill
Kernel debugging
Hello, I want to enable kernel debugging how can I do it? Best regards, Daniel Hejduk
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
On Sat May 11 20:20:04 2024 "Robert B. Carleton" wrote: > Another tool you might want to take a look at is rdist(1). It's limited > in some ways, but is a native capability to OpenBSD. It has a long > history. > I've never used rdist(1) either, I will learn about it. Thanks Robert for mention it to me! With unix I always feel like I'm just starting out, blissfully ignorant, (I was about to also say "young" but that would be an exaggeration :-)).
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
Walter Alejandro Iglesias writes:
> On Fri May 10 08:36:50 2024 Walter Alejandro Iglesias wrote
>> Then I do something like this (simplified for clartiy):
>>
>> [...]
>>
>> dirs=$(echo "$files" | grep '/$')
>>
>> for i in $dirs ; do
>> find $source/$i | sed 's#'$source'##' | sort | uniq > $source_list
>> find $target/$i | sed 's#'$target'##' | sort | uniq > $target_list
>> diff $source_list $target_list |\
>> awk '/^> / { print "'$target'" $NF }' >> $delete_list
>> done
>>
>> cat $delete_list | sed 's/^/delete /'
>> rm -rf $(cat $delete_list | xargs)
>>
>> rm $source_list $target_list $delete_list
>>
>>
>
>
> Today I realized that the loop above is not necesary:
>
> ---
> dirs=$(echo "$files" | grep '/$')
>
> cd && find $dirs | sort | uniq > $source_list
> cd $target && find $dirs | sort | uniq > $target_list
> diff $source_list $target_list |\
>awk '/^> / { print "'$target'/" $NF }' > $delete_list
>
> cat $delete_list | sed 's/^/delete /'
> rm -rf $(cat $delete_list | xargs)
>
> # Clean
> rm $source_list $target_list $delete_list
>
Another tool you might want to take a look at is rdist(1). It's limited
in some ways, but is a native capability to OpenBSD. It has a long
history.
Re: Localnet Hacking
On Sat, May 11, 2024 at 05:55:11PM +, Lucretia wrote: > I would love some used books but don't have 1000???. I will have $750 around > beginning of June if you want to send me a Paypal invoice to my Apple email: > openbsd.g...@icloud.com I was going to buy my second laptop but books are > probably better for me at this point in time. > > Your other message was crammed full of info, I don't know most of what you > said but I'll try to spend time in the mentioned manpages this week. Hi Lucretia, Sorry there is a communication failure. I meant you should pick three books for 20 EUR shipping or whatever it was for your country. I'll have to look it up. I'm distributing it to anyone interested, first come first serve. With a limit of up to 3 (sometimes an exception for a 4th book is made) per person. Best Regards, -pjp
Re: Localnet Hacking
I would love some used books but don't have 1000€. I will have $750 around beginning of June if you want to send me a Paypal invoice to my Apple email: openbsd.g...@icloud.com I was going to buy my second laptop but books are probably better for me at this point in time. Your other message was crammed full of info, I don't know most of what you said but I'll try to spend time in the mentioned manpages this week. Lux of the Agony 720077 Bishkek Altyn Kazyk 31A KYRGYZSTAN l...@openbsdgirl.com Original Message On 5/11/24 12:45, Peter J. Philipp wrote: > On Sat, May 11, 2024 at 02:52:32AM +, Lucretia wrote: > > Book recommendations are most welcome! > > > > Lux of the Agony > > 720077 Bishkek > > Altyn Kazyk 31A > > KYRGYZSTAN > > l...@openbsdgirl.com > > If you want some used books, I'm moving across the Atlantic soon and I can't > take my books along. In total the new value of them was 8000 odd EUR. If > I send three books to kyrgystan and it's under 2 kg, I checked with DHL > it will cost under 20 EUR. If I send all these books out in batches of three > it will cost 1000 odd EUR, which I don't have. So I ask you pay shipping if > you want any of these. They are all dear to me, however I tried donating > them > to local clubs, libraries and noone wants them, and I can't take them along. > > Even if you don't like what you're getting (or you don't like used books.. I > know I don't) you can pass them on to someone who doesn't mind. However you > can also just request three books, in order to look into them and if you like > them you can repurchase them. I know in some locations it's very hard to get > a peek into a book. > > So willing to end out 53-54 batches of 3 books to people who want some of > these. Very little of these I got used but they are all mostly 5 years+ > old. Some were purchased in Canada and most were purchased in Germany while > I had work. > > Here is the booklist: https://mainrechner.de/Buecher2024/ > > Contact me privately if you would like a batch with what you like. I'll > make note on that webpage of what's given away. Offer ends July 1st of this > year. > > Best Regards, > -pjp > > -- > ** all info about me: lynx https://callpeter.tel, dig loc delphinusdns.org > ** > >
Re: Favorite configuration and system replication tools?
On Fri May 10 08:36:50 2024 Walter Alejandro Iglesias wrote
> Then I do something like this (simplified for clartiy):
>
> [...]
>
> dirs=$(echo "$files" | grep '/$')
>
> for i in $dirs ; do
> find $source/$i | sed 's#'$source'##' | sort | uniq > $source_list
> find $target/$i | sed 's#'$target'##' | sort | uniq > $target_list
> diff $source_list $target_list |\
>awk '/^> / { print "'$target'" $NF }' >> $delete_list
> done
>
> cat $delete_list | sed 's/^/delete /'
> rm -rf $(cat $delete_list | xargs)
>
> rm $source_list $target_list $delete_list
>
>
Today I realized that the loop above is not necesary:
---
dirs=$(echo "$files" | grep '/$')
cd && find $dirs | sort | uniq > $source_list
cd $target && find $dirs | sort | uniq > $target_list
diff $source_list $target_list |\
awk '/^> / { print "'$target'/" $NF }' > $delete_list
cat $delete_list | sed 's/^/delete /'
rm -rf $(cat $delete_list | xargs)
# Clean
rm $source_list $target_list $delete_list
7.5 stable wsmoused question
Hello, I am trying to narrow down an issue (and learn along the way) with wsmoused. The issue is: - X (wsfb) is running with xfce4 and xenodm, the mouse works fine in X. - I go to a console and execute wsmoused (as root) with no parameters, so as per sources, /dev/wsmouse is opened. - I have a working mouse cursor now on the console. - Going back to X (ctrl-alt-F5) - Here the mouse seems to still be in console mode, the framebuffer is getting riddled when moving the mouse and the black background of the console comes to light. Ok, this is the issue, but more importantly is my question :-) I tried the following: 1) wrote a C program that opens /dev/wsmouse and checks perror output. 2) running this as root on the console works (no error). 3) running this as root inside X gives me a "device busy". I am puzzled re. (3)! How does it know that I'm in X?
Re: Localnet Hacking
On Sat, May 11, 2024 at 08:45:45AM +0200, Peter J. Philipp wrote: > If you want some used books, I'm moving across the Atlantic soon and I can't > take my books along. In total the new value of them was 8000 odd EUR. If > I send three books to kyrgystan and it's under 2 kg, I checked with DHL > it will cost under 20 EUR. If I send all these books out in batches of three > it will cost 1000 odd EUR, which I don't have. So I ask you pay shipping if > you want any of these. They are all dear to me, however I tried donating them > to local clubs, libraries and noone wants them, and I can't take them along. > > Even if you don't like what you're getting (or you don't like used books.. I > know I don't) you can pass them on to someone who doesn't mind. However you > can also just request three books, in order to look into them and if you like > them you can repurchase them. I know in some locations it's very hard to get > a peek into a book. > > So willing to end out 53-54 batches of 3 books to people who want some of > these. Very little of these I got used but they are all mostly 5 years+ > old. Some were purchased in Canada and most were purchased in Germany while > I had work. > > Here is the booklist: https://mainrechner.de/Buecher2024/ > > Contact me privately if you would like a batch with what you like. I'll > make note on that webpage of what's given away. Offer ends July 1st of this > year. Wow, thanks for the 4 people who got some books already! They come from all over the world, Australia, Germany, Finland, and United States. Just to clarify, anyone can get around 3 books. Look at the book chart of mine if you see a country flag beside the title it's taken. I thank you all for taking this off my hands (like said I can't take them along on the plane, they don't fit in a suitcase). I'm happy to be mailing out a batch of 10 parcels per week give or take a few. More I can probably not handle before July 1st. Lux, get a book or three, sorry to be hijacking your thread here, I mean well. -pjp -- ** all info about me: lynx https://callpeter.tel, dig loc delphinusdns.org **
Re: Localnet Hacking
On Sat, 11 May 2024 03:52:32 +0100, Lucretia wrote: > > I have a laptop and am looking to purchase a second computer. Neither of them > will be connected to The Internet, but will be networked together. > > My goal is to study networking, starting with some of the most basic commands > and routines. This will be purely for educational purposes. I may build upon > the network later, perhaps with unconventional devices, but for now I want to > focus just on having two Amd64 machines communicating with one another. > I wonder why to buy any physical devices if you may run virtual machines? -- wbr, Kirill
Re: Localnet Hacking
On Sat, May 11, 2024 at 08:45:45AM +0200, Peter J. Philipp wrote: > Contact me privately if you would like a batch with what you like. I'll > make note on that webpage of what's given away. Offer ends July 1st of this > year. Three books have already been given away. They went to Finland. Look for a marking of a flag beside the name of the title of the book. Also if I may interest some people: The Java book is autographed by Ian F. Darwin who is also on this list. Also the 4.4BSD book which is quite beaten up was autographed by 3 of the 4 authors at BSDCon 2000. They were everyone other than John Quarterman. Maybe I'll run into him one day but then I'll be missing 3 signatures hehe. -pjp -- ** all info about me: lynx https://callpeter.tel, dig loc delphinusdns.org **
Re: Localnet Hacking
Familiarise yourself with IPv4: addreses, network segments, netmasks, and private IP ranges. Even a careful reading of wikipedia might be enough to get you started. By the end you shouls have a basic understanding of how packets are routed. You won't be building a router, so no need for complex stuff, that will come later. Then the OS itself: ifconfig and (some of) route will help. Read their man pages (at least the parts about inet (aka IPv4) for ifconfig and how 'get' and 'show' work on route. By then you'll be able to assign an address to each host, and have them communicating with each other.ping will help you to check if things are flowing, tcpdump might help to see if and why things are /not/ flowing.By now you got to where you wanted, but my next step would be going deeper into routing, handling hosts with multiple interfaces, and subnets. Then perhaps NAT, and redirecting and for that you need pf. Peter Hansteen's "The Book of PF" might help you there, but there's also the PF parts of OpenBSD's FAQ, and several other places online.Take it one step at a time, and let your curiosity lead you.Cheers-- Sent from my phone, apologies for bad formatting Original message From: Lucretia Date: 11/05/2024 03:53 (GMT+00:00) To: misc@openbsd.org Subject: Localnet Hacking I have a laptop and am looking to purchase a second computer. Neither of them will be connected to The Internet, but will be networked together.My goal is to study networking, starting with some of the most basic commands and routines. This will be purely for educational purposes. I may build upon the network later, perhaps with unconventional devices, but for now I want to focus just on having two Amd64 machines communicating with one another.What are some basic networking commands from the base installation or from ports that would be good for a novice to learn more in-depth?I have no plans to connect this system to The Internet now or in the future, so keep that in mind when suggesting.Book recommendations are most welcome!Lux of the Agony720077 BishkekAltyn Kazyk 31akyrgyzstan...@openbsdgirl.com
Re: Localnet Hacking
On Sat, May 11, 2024 at 02:52:32AM +, Lucretia wrote: > Book recommendations are most welcome! > > Lux of the Agony > 720077 Bishkek > Altyn Kazyk 31A > KYRGYZSTAN > l...@openbsdgirl.com If you want some used books, I'm moving across the Atlantic soon and I can't take my books along. In total the new value of them was 8000 odd EUR. If I send three books to kyrgystan and it's under 2 kg, I checked with DHL it will cost under 20 EUR. If I send all these books out in batches of three it will cost 1000 odd EUR, which I don't have. So I ask you pay shipping if you want any of these. They are all dear to me, however I tried donating them to local clubs, libraries and noone wants them, and I can't take them along. Even if you don't like what you're getting (or you don't like used books.. I know I don't) you can pass them on to someone who doesn't mind. However you can also just request three books, in order to look into them and if you like them you can repurchase them. I know in some locations it's very hard to get a peek into a book. So willing to end out 53-54 batches of 3 books to people who want some of these. Very little of these I got used but they are all mostly 5 years+ old. Some were purchased in Canada and most were purchased in Germany while I had work. Here is the booklist: https://mainrechner.de/Buecher2024/ Contact me privately if you would like a batch with what you like. I'll make note on that webpage of what's given away. Offer ends July 1st of this year. Best Regards, -pjp -- ** all info about me: lynx https://callpeter.tel, dig loc delphinusdns.org **
Re: My PC is crashing
I suspect a bad IMG/ISO file. Have you checked its hash? or I suggest a redownload, rewrite / check and new install. Jadi On Sat, May 11, 2024 at 1:04 AM Daniel Hejduk wrote: > Hello again, > I tried memtest and it passed :D > But after some trying to debug it I found something the sudden shutdown > corrupts disk. > One particular file "/share/relink/kernel/GENERIC.MP/gap.o" was always > corrupted. > So it happens when kernel is relinking. > > How you told me I tried using i386 but it didn't boot by flashing it on > USB nor using Ventoy. > Ventoy will always prompt me "Maybe the image does not support X64 UEFI", > so I tried enabling legacy but again nothing. > Is there way to boot i386, or fix the relinking error? > > Thank you for helping me on my journey. > > Best regards, > Daniel Hejduk > > > 10. května 2024 9:33:59 SELČ, Stuart Henderson > napsal: > >> On 2024-05-10, Peter N. M. Hansteen wrote: >> >>> On Fri, May 10, 2024 at 08:48:56AM +0200, Anders Andersson wrote: >>> Missing from the FAQ is IMO step 0: Run memtest over night to rule out hard to debug hardware problems. It won't catch everything of course, but it usually finds RAM issues which is its main job. >>> >>> That is a very valid point. >>> >>> Bad RAM could very well be the cause of the problems described. And on >>> a side note, given that the memory allocation in OpenBSD is different than >>> what some other systems do, it is not unlikely that other systems never >>> or only rarely would hit the failing memory location while OpenBSD would, >>> more often. >>> >> >> Yet it was able to do an install and relink the kernel while in the >> installer. Also IME memory-related problems are more likely to result in >> crashes rather than the machine shutting down. This doesn't completely >> rule out memory problems, but it's more likely to result from a >> difference between RAMDISK and GENERIC.MP kernels. >> >> First things first, Daniel: >> >> - if you used i386, try amd64 instead. >> >> - if you configured to run X in the installer, try without that. >> >> - try going back a release or two, is there any difference? >> >>
Re: Localnet Hacking
Hi Lux, In my opinion if you want to study networking load up on every distfile in /usr/ports/net as these tools will help you. ipcalc is valuable even pros use it because doing CIDR and netmasks in your head is possible but not practical in all scenarios. That said you should look into bridging (start with bridge(8)) with OpenBSD along with the vether(4) manpage. Along with vmd and vmm's you can set up a deep network based on vether's and tap(4)'s. Don't be afraid to use tcpdump(4) especially with the icmp filter along with ping/ping6 which are run continuous you can/could find problems. I don't know how much RAM you have on your machines but pretend you have 16GB that's enough for roughly 12-14 vmm's if each takes 1 GB RAM. Each with one or two tap(4)'s to become a router. You may want to look into autoinstall(8) scripts to configure these "routers" quickly. For that you'll need some knowledge perhaps of the vnconfig(8), rdsetroot(8), and how to compile RAMDISK kernels. What else do we need... you may want to look at a networking scenario using PPPoE. So perhaps look into npppd(8) for the server side and pppoe(4) for the client side. Then another scenario uses DHCP so look into dhcpd(8). Another one will use IPv6 perhaps, here, rad(8) and co will help. For DNS on the authoritative side look into nsd(8), and unbound(8) for the recursive. Look into DNSSEC, nsd is fully capable of this. And unwind(8) will validate the answers or it should SERVFAIL (a specific DNS error). For a start that is good enough, bridging, routing, dhcp, pppoe, dns. You can also make your network 4x4 matrix like or even 16 hosts deep. This will help you learning how to traceroute and icmp timex messaging. With so many virtual hosts in different configurations you may find that configuration is a pain in the *** (PITA). Perhaps use some cluster management like puppet or ansible, or write your own scripts. You'll also need ssh key management, perhaps even coupled with the autoinstall file. All configurations should be in a got(1) tree which is like git. gotwebd will help you see differences in setups. Usually it's said that "communication is key" but in this scenario you are establishing communication so perhaps "organization is key". I personally found my own hardships last week on revisions, until I got confused and didn't have a real history so I'm trying to pick up where the going was good. BTW, manpage(8) would mean you type "man 8 manpage", or "man -s 8 -k manpage". Hope that helps, -pjp On Sat, May 11, 2024 at 02:52:32AM +, Lucretia wrote: > I have a laptop and am looking to purchase a second computer. Neither of them > will be connected to The Internet, but will be networked together. > > My goal is to study networking, starting with some of the most basic commands > and routines. This will be purely for educational purposes. I may build upon > the network later, perhaps with unconventional devices, but for now I want to > focus just on having two Amd64 machines communicating with one another. > > What are some basic networking commands from the base installation or from > ports that would be good for a novice to learn more in-depth? > > I have no plans to connect this system to The Internet now or in the future, > so keep that in mind when suggesting. > > Book recommendations are most welcome! > > Lux of the Agony > 720077 Bishkek > Altyn Kazyk 31A > KYRGYZSTAN > l...@openbsdgirl.com > -- my associated domains: callpeter.tel|centroid.eu|dtschland.eu|mainrechner.de
Localnet Hacking
I have a laptop and am looking to purchase a second computer. Neither of them will be connected to The Internet, but will be networked together. My goal is to study networking, starting with some of the most basic commands and routines. This will be purely for educational purposes. I may build upon the network later, perhaps with unconventional devices, but for now I want to focus just on having two Amd64 machines communicating with one another. What are some basic networking commands from the base installation or from ports that would be good for a novice to learn more in-depth? I have no plans to connect this system to The Internet now or in the future, so keep that in mind when suggesting. Book recommendations are most welcome! Lux of the Agony 720077 Bishkek Altyn Kazyk 31A KYRGYZSTAN l...@openbsdgirl.com
Re: My PC is crashing
Hello again, I tried memtest and it passed :D But after some trying to debug it I found something the sudden shutdown corrupts disk. One particular file "/share/relink/kernel/GENERIC.MP/gap.o" was always corrupted. So it happens when kernel is relinking. How you told me I tried using i386 but it didn't boot by flashing it on USB nor using Ventoy. Ventoy will always prompt me "Maybe the image does not support X64 UEFI", so I tried enabling legacy but again nothing. Is there way to boot i386, or fix the relinking error? Thank you for helping me on my journey. Best regards, Daniel Hejduk 10. května 2024 9:33:59 SELČ, Stuart Henderson napsal: >On 2024-05-10, Peter N. M. Hansteen wrote: >> On Fri, May 10, 2024 at 08:48:56AM +0200, Anders Andersson wrote: >>> Missing from the FAQ is IMO step 0: Run memtest over night to rule out >>> hard to debug hardware problems. It won't catch everything of course, >>> but it usually finds RAM issues which is its main job. >> >> That is a very valid point. >> >> Bad RAM could very well be the cause of the problems described. And on >> a side note, given that the memory allocation in OpenBSD is different than >> what some other systems do, it is not unlikely that other systems never >> or only rarely would hit the failing memory location while OpenBSD would, >> more often. > >Yet it was able to do an install and relink the kernel while in the >installer. Also IME memory-related problems are more likely to result in >crashes rather than the machine shutting down. This doesn't completely >rule out memory problems, but it's more likely to result from a >difference between RAMDISK and GENERIC.MP kernels. > >First things first, Daniel: > >- if you used i386, try amd64 instead. > >- if you configured to run X in the installer, try without that. > >- try going back a release or two, is there any difference? > >-- >Please keep replies on the mailing list. >
Re: Fwd: RTL8192EU wifi issue
Hello, Posting and re posting isn't going to get you help any quicker if no one has that card there won't be any interest and wifi is badly supported on any BSD. This looks more of a PR issue rather a ML issue Chris Sent from Proton Mail Android Original Message On 5/10/24 12:34 PM, Mizsei Zoltán wrote: > Crossposting on misc aswell > > 2024. máj. 7. 14:50:33 Mizsei Zoltán : > > Hi, > > I have a so called "Tenda 300Mbps Mini Wireless N Adapter" (this is not the > terribly small one). It reports itself as: > > urtwn0 at uhub0 port 2 configuration 1 interface 0 "Realtek 802.11n NIC" rev > 2.10/2.00 addr 2 > urtwn0: MAC/BB RTL8192EU, RF 6052 2T2R, address 50:2b:73:c9:11:00 > > It associates sucessfully with the AP, but it can't reliaby communicate > because OBSD reports 98% packet loss. However the same adapter works just > fine with the same router on the same machine using NetBSD. > > NetBSD reports: > [ 1.809012] urtwn0 at uhub3 port 1 > [ 1.809012] urtwn0: Realtek (0x0bda) 802.11n NIC (0x818b), rev 2.10/2.00, > addr 1 > [ 1.859025] urtwn0: MAC/BB RTL8192EU, RF 6052 2T2R, address 50:2b:73:c9:11:00 > [ 1.869029] urtwn0: 1 rx pipe, 3 tx pipes > > Interestingly OpenBSD thinks it is 2T2R while NBSD says it is 3T1R. <- maybe > a bug? > > This is the firmware from OpenBSD: > -rw-r--r-- 1 root bin 31818 Mar 20 22:17 urtwn-rtl8192eu > And this is the firmware from NetBSD: > -r--r--r-- 1 root bin 13904 May 7 14:31 urtwn-rtl8192eu > > As you can see, the file size is clearly different, so I have tried to > replace the OpenBSD firmware in /etc/firmware with the one from NetBSD, but > it fails to load correctly: > > urtwn0: timeout waiting for firmware readiness > > strings and file doesn't gives any hint about the content of the firmwares, > so I'd like to know what's the difference, and if it is possible to > update6replace the firmware in OBSD with the one from NetBSD? > > Thank You! > > --ext
