Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space (IPv6-MW)]

2009-02-06 Thread Mark Andrews
In message 498bddac.7060...@eeph.com, Matthew Kaufman writes: Mark Andrews wrote: WII's should be able to be directly connected to the network without any firewall. If they can't be then they are broken. As I'm sure you know, you can tell the difference between an Internet

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space (IPv6-MW)]

2009-02-06 Thread Bjørn Mork
David W. Hankins david_hank...@isc.org writes: On Thu, Feb 05, 2009 at 11:42:27PM +0100, Iljitsch van Beijnum wrote: On 5 feb 2009, at 22:44, Ricky Beam wrote: I've lived quite productively behind a single IPv4 address for nearly 15 years. So you were already doing NAT in 1994? Then you

BGP Update Report

2009-02-06 Thread cidr-report
BGP Update Report Interval: 05-Jan-09 -to- 05-Feb-09 (32 days) Observation Point: BGP Peering with AS131072 TOP 20 Unstable Origin AS Rank ASNUpds % Upds/PfxAS-Name 1 - AS7643 132303 2.7% 225.0 -- VNN-AS-AP Vietnam Posts and Telecommunications (VNPT) 2 -

The Cidr Report

2009-02-06 Thread cidr-report
This report has been generated at Fri Feb 6 21:14:00 2009 AEST. The report analyses the BGP Routing Table of AS2.0 router and generates a report on aggregation potential within the table. Check http://www.cidr-report.org for a current version of this report. Recent Table History Date

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems

2009-02-06 Thread Joe Loiacono
Paul Vixie vi...@isc.org wrote on 02/06/2009 02:20:01 AM: the fundamental implication is, forget about address space, it's paperwork now, it's off the table as a negotiating item or any kind of constraint. but the size of the routing table is still a bogeyman, and IPv6 arms that bogeyman

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space (IPv6-MW)]

2009-02-06 Thread Jack Bates
Matthew Moyle-Croft wrote: My comment was regarding customers believing that they were going to, by default, get a statically allocated range, whatever the length. If most customers get dynamically assigned (via PD or other means) then the issue is not a major one. Dynamic or static;

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems

2009-02-06 Thread Jack Bates
Joe Loiacono wrote: Indeed it does. And don't forget that the most basic data object in the routing table, the address itself, is 4 times as big. Let's also not forget, that many organizations went from multiple allocations to a single allocation. If we all filter anything longer than /32,

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space (IPv6-MW)]

2009-02-06 Thread Tony Finch
On Thu, 5 Feb 2009, Paul Timmins wrote: John Schnizlein wrote: Maybe upgrades, service packs and updates will make them capable of using DHCPv6 for useful functions such as finding the address of an available name server by the time IPv6-only networks are in operation. And if not,

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems

2009-02-06 Thread Stephen Kratzer
On Friday 06 February 2009 08:51:04 Jack Bates wrote: Joe Loiacono wrote: Indeed it does. And don't forget that the most basic data object in the routing table, the address itself, is 4 times as big. Let's also not forget, that many organizations went from multiple allocations to a single

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems

2009-02-06 Thread Tim Durack
On Fri, Feb 6, 2009 at 8:51 AM, Jack Bates jba...@brightok.net wrote: Joe Loiacono wrote: Indeed it does. And don't forget that the most basic data object in the routing table, the address itself, is 4 times as big. Let's also not forget, that many organizations went from multiple

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space (IPv6-MW)]

2009-02-06 Thread Iljitsch van Beijnum
On 6 feb 2009, at 1:15, Ricky Beam wrote: I see IPv6 address space being carved out in huge chunks for reasons that equate to little more than because the total space is inexhaustable. This is the exact same type of mis-management that plagues us from IPv4's early allocations. Think of

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems

2009-02-06 Thread Joe Loiacono
Tim Durack tdur...@gmail.com wrote on 02/06/2009 09:28:02 AM: Given that ARIN at least is assigning end-user /48s out of 2620::/23 it would be useful to accept these announcements. If not end-user PI is dead in the water. Some providers might like that. End-users probably won't. That

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems

2009-02-06 Thread Matthew Kaufman
Joe Loiacono wrote: Indeed it does. And don't forget that the most basic data object in the routing table, the address itself, is 4 times as big. 2 times as big, if you believe that routers that need to care about table size won't do anything about what's past the /64 boundary. It still

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems

2009-02-06 Thread Jack Bates
Tim Durack wrote: Given that ARIN at least is assigning end-user /48s out of 2620::/23 it would be useful to accept these announcements. If not end-user PI is dead in the water. Some providers might like that. End-users probably won't. The ideal solution, I believe, is to support filters

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems

2009-02-06 Thread Iljitsch van Beijnum
On 6 feb 2009, at 16:02, Joe Loiacono wrote: Given that ARIN at least is assigning end-user /48s out of 2620::/23 it would be useful to accept these announcements. If not end-user PI is dead in the water. Some providers might like that. End-users probably won't. That range alone is 25 bits of

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space (IPv6-MW)]

2009-02-06 Thread Matthew Kaufman
This is straying from operational to protocol design and implementation, but as someone who has done a fair bit of both design and implementation... Iljitsch van Beijnum wrote: The problem is that DHCP seemed like a good idea at the time but it doesn't make any sense today. We know that

RE: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space(IPv6-MW)]

2009-02-06 Thread Jamie Bowden
Five things? Really? My DHCP server hands out the following things to its clients: Default Route DNS Servers Log host Domain Name (or, our case, the sub-domain for the office) NIS Domain NIS Servers NTP Server WINS Servers SMTP Server POP Server NNTP Server Domain suffix search orders. All

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space(IPv6-MW)]

2009-02-06 Thread Christopher Morrow
On Fri, Feb 6, 2009 at 10:22 AM, Jamie Bowden ja...@photon.com wrote: Five things? Really? My DHCP server hands out the following things to its clients: as I've said a few times now, reason #775 that autoconf is a broken and non-useful 'gadget' for network operators. There is a system today

L3: Google from DC via the Netherlands?

2009-02-06 Thread Peter Beckman
Seems strange. Had a partial outage on Verizon network this morning around 9:50am EST, then when it came back around 10:05am, google routed via the Netherlands. My guess is that there's some sort of routing problem making my fastest or least cost route go to the Netherlands, but I wanted to

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space (IPv6-MW)]

2009-02-06 Thread Paul Jakma
On Thu, 5 Feb 2009, Matthew Moyle-Croft wrote: DHCP(v6). Setting the idea in people's heads that a /64 IS going to be their own statically is insane and will blow out provider's own routing tables more than is rational. Routing table size will be a function of the number of customers -

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space (IPv6-MW)]

2009-02-06 Thread Matthew Moyle-Croft
My comment was regarding customers believing that they were going to, by default, get a statically allocated range, whatever the length. If most customers get dynamically assigned (via PD or other means) then the issue is not a major one. MMC On 06/02/2009, at 8:56 PM, Paul Jakma wrote:

Re: [Update] Re: New ISP to market, BCP 38, and new tactics

2009-02-06 Thread Brad Fleming
On Feb 4, 2009, at 2:52 AM, Steve Bertrand wrote: http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-kumari-blackhole-urpf-02 If I understand this correctly, there will be a route entered on each edge router for all sources that are participating in a DDoS attack. Is anyone worried about TCAM usage if

One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Charles Regan
I want to advertise my /22 to two different ISP on different POP. I can't use BGP as ISP1 doesn't support it. Any suggestions ? Thanks, Charles

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Joe Provo
On Fri, Feb 06, 2009 at 12:29:28PM -0400, Charles Regan wrote: I want to advertise my /22 to two different ISP on different POP. I can't use BGP as ISP1 doesn't support it. Get a new ISP and fire whoever signed that contract before getting the technical details correct. -- RSUC

RE: L3: Google from DC via the Netherlands?

2009-02-06 Thread Wallace Keith
Looks ok from Boston- 3 core2.po1-bbnet1.bsn.pnap.net (63.251.128.18) 2.590 ms 3.988 ms 3.181 ms 4 207.88.182.33.ptr.us.xo.net (207.88.182.33) 26.636 ms 7.651 ms 11.977 ms 5 207.88.182.18.ptr.us.xo.net (207.88.182.18) 7.603 ms 8.174 ms 7.405 ms 6 216.239.49.217 (216.239.49.217)

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Michael Smith
How did you get a /22, and what isp won't run bgp with you? - Original Message - From: Charles Regan charles.re...@gmail.com To: nanog@nanog.org nanog@nanog.org Sent: Fri Feb 06 11:29:28 2009 Subject: One /22 Two ISP no BGP I want to advertise my /22 to two different ISP on different

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Daniel Rogers
The ISP may not support peering BGP with you, but can they publish routes for you? I find it hard to believe ANY ISP just doesn't support BGP. On Fri, Feb 6, 2009 at 10:32 AM, Michael Smith msm...@internap.com wrote: How did you get a /22, and what isp won't run bgp with you? - Original

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Steve Bertrand
Daniel Rogers wrote: The ISP may not support peering BGP with you, but can they publish routes for you? I find it hard to believe ANY ISP just doesn't support BGP. It is very possible that the ISP doesn't support BGP, but more likely, I'd bet that the ISP has never configured BGP on the client

RE: L3: Google from DC via the Netherlands?

2009-02-06 Thread Peter Beckman
I'm OK to that IP as well, but when I query www.google.com, I get multiple IPs, but here are the ones that in in 147: DNS Server IP Route (for me) 205.234.170.217 (tiggee)74.125.79.147 Amsterdam 208.67.222.222 (opendns)64.233.183.147 Amsterdam 4.2.2.1

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Jason Biel
Pick your preferred link in, have them announce your /22, have the other provider announce the /22, just weighed. That way you are multi-homed with failover. After that is configured, find a new ISP to replace the one that will not let you peer with them. Jason On Fri, Feb 6, 2009 at 10:52 AM,

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Charles Regan
I'll explain. We are a small ISP on a very remote Island. We have a /22 from ARIN. We have a 20mbits pipe from ISP1 and 20mbits from ISP2. They are the only two we can get bandwidth. So we are stuck with ISP1 that doesn't support BGP. On Fri, Feb 6, 2009 at 12:48 PM, Azinger, Marla

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Jason Biel
Charles, As I mentioned earlier, you'll want to have one provider announce the /22 unweighted and the other announce it weighted. Just pick the better of the two providers as the primary. Don't base it soley off bandwidth, but check your SLA and any recent outage occurances. Traffic will flow

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Jason Biel
Good point on ISP1 Steve, being they are limited already, they might be just reselling. On Fri, Feb 6, 2009 at 11:18 AM, Steve Bertrand st...@ibctech.ca wrote: Jason Biel wrote: The link that goes down will trigger that provider to remove the route, traffic will swing and start coming in

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems

2009-02-06 Thread sthaug
The problem is that DHCP seemed like a good idea at the time but it doesn't make any sense today. We know that parsing complex binary data formats is asking for security problems. And parsing complex text data structures is better? What we need is a simple, fast, efficient way to

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Charles Regan
The can't do BGP. They are already advertising two /24 for us. So they will advertise a /22 if I ask them. On Fri, Feb 6, 2009 at 1:20 PM, Jason Biel ja...@biel-tech.com wrote: Good point on ISP1 Steve, being they are limited already, they might be just reselling. On Fri, Feb 6, 2009 at

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Steve Bertrand
Jason Biel wrote: The link that goes down will trigger that provider to remove the route, traffic will swing and start coming in on the backup link. This is assuming that 'ISP1' has the capability to advertise the OP's route in the first place. What if ISP1 is simply a customer of another ISP,

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Michael Smith
...small isp on a very remote island... Sounds like a nice problem to have... :) - Original Message - From: Charles Regan charles.re...@gmail.com To: nanog@nanog.org nanog@nanog.org Sent: Fri Feb 06 12:14:52 2009 Subject: Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP I'll explain. We are a small ISP on a

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Jason Biel
It will depend on the source of the traffic and how that peer follows AS path into your providers. On Fri, Feb 6, 2009 at 11:31 AM, Charles Regan charles.re...@gmail.comwrote: What if both annonce my /22 unweighted ? I know I will loose failover in this scenario. I am trying to figure out

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Dorn Hetzel
I would guess that if one of them can't change their announcement when their link to you is down, then make sure their announcement is the less preferred. The ISP that *can* remove their announcement when their link to you is down should be the preferred path since their path is much more likely

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems

2009-02-06 Thread Jack Bates
sth...@nethelp.no wrote: No, this information must be available in *one* place. It's called a DHCP server. As an operator, this is clearly what I want, both for IPv4 and IPv6. DHCP is available, spec'd and implemented on some systems. However, there are times that DHCP fails (from my

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space (IPv6-MW)]

2009-02-06 Thread David W. Hankins
I think this part of the thread is in danger of leaving the realm of operational relevance, so I will treat these as my closing arguments. On Fri, Feb 06, 2009 at 03:48:53PM +0100, Iljitsch van Beijnum wrote: It makes more sense to look at it like this. In the 1990s we had: No, I think that

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems

2009-02-06 Thread James R. Cutler
DHCP items are end system considerations, not routing network considerations. The network operations staff and router configuration engineers do not generally concern themselves with end systems. End systems generally are managed quite independently from the routing network. And, they

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Joe Maimon
Jason Biel wrote: Charles, As I mentioned earlier, you'll want to have one provider announce the /22 unweighted and the other announce it weighted. Just pick the better of the two providers as the primary. Don't base it soley off bandwidth, but check your SLA and any recent outage

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems

2009-02-06 Thread David W. Hankins
On Fri, Feb 06, 2009 at 11:50:55AM -0600, Jack Bates wrote: Two routers, 2 default routes. Support for shim6 or other multiple IP What most people do of course is VRRP. Barring that, you just specify multiple default routers, and the client will select the router that still responds to ARP.

Weekly Routing Table Report

2009-02-06 Thread Routing Analysis Role Account
This is an automated weekly mailing describing the state of the Internet Routing Table as seen from APNIC's router in Japan. Daily listings are sent to bgp-st...@lists.apnic.net For historical data, please see http://thyme.apnic.net. If you have any comments please contact Philip Smith

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Michael Smith
Ebgp multi-hop is a great idea. Have others seen this done for non-bandwidth customers? ...a 'bgp-only' service...?... ...catalog that right along with v6 and multicast tunnels... - Original Message - From: Joe Maimon jmai...@ttec.com To: Jason Biel ja...@biel-tech.com Cc:

Networking performance

2009-02-06 Thread Deric Kwok
Hi I would like to ask your professional experience about switch throughput I have Gig Switchs eg: H P3400 /3500, cisco c4 948../ dlink In their spec, they said that it can handles Gig So far, I couldn't see their ports are used up over 200M in mrtg graph when I try to transfer 3G size files to

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Leo Bicknell
In a message written on Fri, Feb 06, 2009 at 01:14:52PM -0400, Charles Regan wrote: I'll explain. We are a small ISP on a very remote Island. We have a /22 from ARIN. We have a 20mbits pipe from ISP1 and 20mbits from ISP2. Perhaps you could post the IP addresses on your end of both of these

Re: Networking performance

2009-02-06 Thread Joel Jaeggli
Deric Kwok wrote: Hi I would like to ask your professional experience about switch throughput I have Gig Switchs eg: H P3400 /3500, cisco c4 948../ dlink In their spec, they said that it can handles Gig So far, I couldn't see their ports are used up over 200M in mrtg graph when I try to

Re: Networking performance

2009-02-06 Thread Patrick W. Gilmore
On Feb 6, 2009, at 1:43 PM, Deric Kwok wrote: I would like to ask your professional experience about switch throughput I have Gig Switchs eg: H P3400 /3500, cisco c4 948../ dlink In their spec, they said that it can handles Gig So far, I couldn't see their ports are used up over 200M in mrtg

RE: L3: Google from DC via the Netherlands?

2009-02-06 Thread Peter Beckman
On Fri, 6 Feb 2009, Peter Beckman wrote: I'm OK to that IP as well, but when I query www.google.com, I get multiple IPs, but here are the ones that in in 147: DNS Server IP Route (for me) 205.234.170.217 (tiggee)74.125.79.147 Amsterdam 208.67.222.222

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space (IPv6-MW)]

2009-02-06 Thread Daniel Senie
Randy Bush wrote: Wii should not even consider developing a cool new protocol for the Wii that is not NAT compliant via V4 or V6. what is nat compliant? RFC 3235 discusses how to make your application work in the Internet reality that exists today, with NAT boxes everywhere. The document is

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems

2009-02-06 Thread Jack Bates
David W. Hankins wrote: What most people do of course is VRRP. I agree, and I have done this in the past. However, I am very happy with the support of IPv6 to do away with requiring VRRP. Barring that, you just specify multiple default routers, and the client will select the router that

Re: L3: Google from DC via the Netherlands?

2009-02-06 Thread William Allen Simpson
Peter Beckman wrote: SO. Who's problem is this to fix? Is it: 1. Me? Am I a dope for using a very reliable but anycasted resolving name service? Clearly, I could just use the handy dandy easy to remember because I worked there 198.6.1.x, or is that an Internet faux

Re: One /22 Two ISP no BGP

2009-02-06 Thread Leo Bicknell
From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smiley The two original text smileys, :-) to indicate a joke and :-( to mark things that are not a joke were invented on September 19, 1982 by Scott E. Fahlman, a research professor at Carnegie Mellon University's Department of Computer Science.

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems

2009-02-06 Thread Owen DeLong
On Feb 6, 2009, at 12:37 PM, Jack Bates wrote: David W. Hankins wrote: What most people do of course is VRRP. I agree, and I have done this in the past. However, I am very happy with the support of IPv6 to do away with requiring VRRP. If RA does that in your situation, great. In my

Re: From San Jose to Google.com - via Europe

2009-02-06 Thread Paul Ferguson
-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- Hash: SHA1 On Fri, Feb 6, 2009 at 3:51 PM, Tony Rall tr...@almaden.ibm.com wrote: Maybe you didn't read the thread L3: Google from DC via the Netherlands? Probably the same issue (your nameserver is now perhaps quite remote from you). No, I guess I

Re: From San Jose to Google.com - via Europe

2009-02-06 Thread Paul Ferguson
-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- Hash: SHA1 On Fri, Feb 6, 2009 at 3:55 PM, Paul Ferguson fergdawgs...@gmail.com wrote: On Fri, Feb 6, 2009 at 3:51 PM, Tony Rall tr...@almaden.ibm.com wrote: Maybe you didn't read the thread L3: Google from DC via the Netherlands? Probably the same

Re: L3: Google from DC via the Netherlands?

2009-02-06 Thread Stephen Stuart
On Fri, Feb 06, 2009 at 12:05:41PM -0500, Peter Beckman wrote: I'm OK to that IP as well, but when I query www.google.com, I get multiple IPs, but here are the ones that in in 147: DNS Server IP Route (for me) 205.234.170.217 (tiggee)74.125.79.147

Re: [Update] Re: New ISP to market, BCP 38, and new tactics

2009-02-06 Thread Nathan Ward
On 7/02/2009, at 5:20 AM, Brad Fleming wrote: On Feb 4, 2009, at 2:52 AM, Steve Bertrand wrote: http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-kumari-blackhole-urpf-02 If I understand this correctly, there will be a route entered on each edge router for all sources that are participating in a DDoS

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space

2009-02-06 Thread Stephen Sprunk
Roger Marquis wrote: Seth Mattinen wrote: Far too many people see NAT as synonymous with a firewall so they think if you take away their NAT you're taking away the security of a firewall. NAT provides some security, often enough to make a firewall unnecessary. It all depends on what's

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space

2009-02-06 Thread Matthew Moyle-Croft
Stephen Sprunk wrote: You must be very sheltered. Most end users, even security folks at major corporations, think a NAT box is a firewall and disabling NAT is inherently less secure. Part of that is factual: NAT (er, dynamic PAT) devices are inherently fail-closed because of their

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space

2009-02-06 Thread Owen DeLong
On Feb 6, 2009, at 7:06 PM, Matthew Moyle-Croft wrote: Stephen Sprunk wrote: You must be very sheltered. Most end users, even security folks at major corporations, think a NAT box is a firewall and disabling NAT is inherently less secure. Part of that is factual: NAT (er, dynamic

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space

2009-02-06 Thread Matthew Moyle-Croft
Tell ya what Owen, When you can show me residential grade CPE which has a DECENT stateful firewall then PLEASE let me know. Needs to do other things well, not crash, not cost hundreds of dollars, supportable, does VOIP, WIFI etc are manufacturer supported etc. Of course, it needs to do

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems

2009-02-06 Thread Nathan Ward
On 7/02/2009, at 10:29 AM, David W. Hankins wrote: I want built in multiple IP bindings on my hosts. I'd like (Windows 7 I suppose you can individually configure every host to get itself temporary addresses from RA announcements. This isn't usually a good default configuration, but OS

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space (IPv6-MW)]

2009-02-06 Thread Nathan Ward
On 6/02/2009, at 12:00 PM, Joe Maimon wrote: This assignment policy is NOT enough for every particle of sand on earth, which is what I thought we were getting. There is enough for 3616 /64s, or 14 /56s per square centimetre of the earth's surface, modulo whatever we have set aside for

Re: v6 DSL / Cable modems [was: Private use of non-RFC1918 IP space (IPv6-MW)]

2009-02-06 Thread Nathan Ward
On 6/02/2009, at 1:01 PM, David W. Hankins wrote: On Thu, Feb 05, 2009 at 05:12:19PM -0600, Jack Bates wrote: Operationally, this has been met from my experience. In fact, all of these items are handled with stateless DHCPv6 in coordination with SLAAC. Stateful DHCPv6 seems to be limited

IPv6 delivery model to end customers

2009-02-06 Thread Mikael Abrahamsson
I didn't know where to jump in in the current discussion and what I wanted to discuss was quite general, so I thought I'd create a new thread instead. So, anyone saying IPv6 is ready for prime-time whereever IPv4 is used, has a very simplified view of the world. Yes, IPv6 works in the