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 va</span></div><h1>CSVFormat.java</h1><pre class="source lang-java linenums">/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the &quot;License&quot;); you may not use this file except in compliance 
with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an &quot;AS IS&quot; BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.commons.csv;
+
+import static org.apache.commons.csv.Constants.BACKSLASH;
+import static org.apache.commons.csv.Constants.COMMA;
+import static org.apache.commons.csv.Constants.COMMENT;
+import static org.apache.commons.csv.Constants.EMPTY;
+import static org.apache.commons.csv.Constants.CR;
+import static org.apache.commons.csv.Constants.CRLF;
+import static org.apache.commons.csv.Constants.DOUBLE_QUOTE_CHAR;
+import static org.apache.commons.csv.Constants.LF;
+import static org.apache.commons.csv.Constants.PIPE;
+import static org.apache.commons.csv.Constants.SP;
+import static org.apache.commons.csv.Constants.TAB;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
+import java.io.Reader;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.sql.ResultSet;
+import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
+import java.sql.SQLException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * Specifies the format of a CSV file and parses input.
+ *
+ * &lt;h2&gt;Using predefined formats&lt;/h2&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;p&gt;
+ * You can use one of the predefined formats:
+ * &lt;/p&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;ul&gt;
+ * &lt;li&gt;{@link #DEFAULT}&lt;/li&gt;
+ * &lt;li&gt;{@link #EXCEL}&lt;/li&gt;
+ * &lt;li&gt;{@link #INFORMIX_UNLOAD}&lt;/li&gt;
+ * &lt;li&gt;{@link #INFORMIX_UNLOAD_CSV}&lt;/li&gt;
+ * &lt;li&gt;{@link #MYSQL}&lt;/li&gt;
+ * &lt;li&gt;{@link #RFC4180}&lt;/li&gt;
+ * &lt;li&gt;{@link #ORACLE}&lt;/li&gt;
+ * &lt;li&gt;{@link #POSTGRESQL_CSV}&lt;/li&gt;
+ * &lt;li&gt;{@link #POSTGRESQL_TEXT}&lt;/li&gt;
+ * &lt;li&gt;{@link #TDF}&lt;/li&gt;
+ * &lt;/ul&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;p&gt;
+ * For example:
+ * &lt;/p&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;pre&gt;
+ * CSVParser parser = CSVFormat.EXCEL.parse(reader);
+ * &lt;/pre&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;p&gt;
+ * The {@link CSVParser} provides static methods to parse other input types, 
for example:
+ * &lt;/p&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;pre&gt;
+ * CSVParser parser = CSVParser.parse(file, StandardCharsets.US_ASCII, 
CSVFormat.EXCEL);
+ * &lt;/pre&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;h2&gt;Defining formats&lt;/h2&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;p&gt;
+ * You can extend a format by calling the {@code with} methods. For example:
+ * &lt;/p&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;pre&gt;
+ * 
CSVFormat.EXCEL.withNullString(&amp;quot;N/A&amp;quot;).withIgnoreSurroundingSpaces(true);
+ * &lt;/pre&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;h2&gt;Defining column names&lt;/h2&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;p&gt;
+ * To define the column names you want to use to access records, write:
+ * &lt;/p&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;pre&gt;
+ * CSVFormat.EXCEL.withHeader(&amp;quot;Col1&amp;quot;, 
&amp;quot;Col2&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Col3&amp;quot;);
+ * &lt;/pre&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;p&gt;
+ * Calling {@link #withHeader(String...)} let's you use the given names to 
address values in a {@link CSVRecord}, and
+ * assumes that your CSV source does not contain a first record that also 
defines column names.
+ *
+ * If it does, then you are overriding this metadata with your names and you 
should skip the first record by calling
+ * {@link #withSkipHeaderRecord(boolean)} with {@code true}.
+ * &lt;/p&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;h2&gt;Parsing&lt;/h2&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;p&gt;
+ * You can use a format directly to parse a reader. For example, to parse an 
Excel file with columns header, write:
+ * &lt;/p&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;pre&gt;
+ * Reader in = ...;
+ * CSVFormat.EXCEL.withHeader(&amp;quot;Col1&amp;quot;, 
&amp;quot;Col2&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Col3&amp;quot;).parse(in);
+ * &lt;/pre&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;p&gt;
+ * For other input types, like resources, files, and URLs, use the static 
methods on {@link CSVParser}.
+ * &lt;/p&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;h2&gt;Referencing columns safely&lt;/h2&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;p&gt;
+ * If your source contains a header record, you can simplify your code and 
safely reference columns, by using
+ * {@link #withHeader(String...)} with no arguments:
+ * &lt;/p&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;pre&gt;
+ * CSVFormat.EXCEL.withHeader();
+ * &lt;/pre&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;p&gt;
+ * This causes the parser to read the first record and use its values as 
column names.
+ *
+ * Then, call one of the {@link CSVRecord} get method that takes a String 
column name argument:
+ * &lt;/p&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;pre&gt;
+ * String value = record.get(&amp;quot;Col1&amp;quot;);
+ * &lt;/pre&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;p&gt;
+ * This makes your code impervious to changes in column order in the CSV file.
+ * &lt;/p&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;h2&gt;Notes&lt;/h2&gt;
+ *
+ * &lt;p&gt;
+ * This class is immutable.
+ * &lt;/p&gt;
+ */
+public final class CSVFormat implements Serializable {
+
+    /**
+     * Predefines formats.
+     *
+     * @since 1.2
+     */
+<span class="fc" id="L168">    public enum Predefined {</span>
+
+        /**
+         * @see CSVFormat#DEFAULT
+         */
+<span class="fc" id="L173">        Default(CSVFormat.DEFAULT),</span>
+
+        /**
+         * @see CSVFormat#EXCEL
+         */
+<span class="fc" id="L178">        Excel(CSVFormat.EXCEL),</span>
+
+        /**
+         * @see CSVFormat#INFORMIX_UNLOAD
+         * @since 1.3
+         */
+<span class="fc" id="L184">        
InformixUnload(CSVFormat.INFORMIX_UNLOAD),</span>
+
+        /**
+         * @see CSVFormat#INFORMIX_UNLOAD_CSV
+         * @since 1.3
+         */
+<span class="fc" id="L190">        
InformixUnloadCsv(CSVFormat.INFORMIX_UNLOAD_CSV),</span>
+
+        /**
+         * @see CSVFormat#MYSQL
+         */
+<span class="fc" id="L195">        MySQL(CSVFormat.MYSQL),</span>
+
+        /**
+         * @see CSVFormat#ORACLE
+         */
+<span class="fc" id="L200">        Oracle(CSVFormat.ORACLE),</span>
+
+        /**
+         * @see CSVFormat#POSTGRESQL_CSV
+         * @since 1.5
+         */
+<span class="fc" id="L206">        
PostgreSQLCsv(CSVFormat.POSTGRESQL_CSV),</span>
+
+        /**
+         * @see CSVFormat#POSTGRESQL_CSV
+         */
+<span class="fc" id="L211">        
PostgreSQLText(CSVFormat.POSTGRESQL_TEXT),</span>
+
+        /**
+         * @see CSVFormat#RFC4180
+         */
+<span class="fc" id="L216">        RFC4180(CSVFormat.RFC4180),</span>
+
+        /**
+         * @see CSVFormat#TDF
+         */
+<span class="fc" id="L221">        TDF(CSVFormat.TDF);</span>
+
+        private final CSVFormat format;
+
+<span class="fc" id="L225">        Predefined(final CSVFormat format) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L226">            this.format = format;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L227">        }</span>
+
+        /**
+         * Gets the format.
+         *
+         * @return the format.
+         */
+        public CSVFormat getFormat() {
+<span class="fc" id="L235">            return format;</span>
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Standard Comma Separated Value format, as for {@link #RFC4180} but 
allowing empty lines.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * Settings are:
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     * &lt;ul&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withDelimiter(',')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withQuote('&quot;')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withRecordSeparator(&quot;\r\n&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withIgnoreEmptyLines(true)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;/ul&gt;
+     *
+     * @see Predefined#Default
+     */
+<span class="fc" id="L254">    public static final CSVFormat DEFAULT = new 
CSVFormat(COMMA, DOUBLE_QUOTE_CHAR, null, null, null, false, true, CRLF,</span>
+            null, null, null, false, false, false, false, false, false);
+
+    /**
+     * Excel file format (using a comma as the value delimiter). Note that the 
actual value delimiter used by Excel is
+     * locale dependent, it might be necessary to customize this format to 
accommodate to your regional settings.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * For example for parsing or generating a CSV file on a French system the 
following format will be used:
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * &lt;pre&gt;
+     * CSVFormat fmt = CSVFormat.EXCEL.withDelimiter(';');
+     * &lt;/pre&gt;
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * Settings are:
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     * &lt;ul&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;{@link #withDelimiter(char) withDelimiter(',')}&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;{@link #withQuote(char) withQuote('&quot;')}&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;{@link #withRecordSeparator(String) 
withRecordSeparator(&quot;\r\n&quot;)}&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;{@link #withIgnoreEmptyLines(boolean) 
withIgnoreEmptyLines(false)}&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;{@link #withAllowMissingColumnNames(boolean) 
withAllowMissingColumnNames(true)}&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;/ul&gt;
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * Note: This is currently like {@link #RFC4180} plus {@link 
#withAllowMissingColumnNames(boolean)
+     * withAllowMissingColumnNames(true)} and {@link 
#withIgnoreEmptyLines(boolean) withIgnoreEmptyLines(false)}.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * @see Predefined#Excel
+     */
+    // @formatter:off
+<span class="fc" id="L287">    public static final CSVFormat EXCEL = 
DEFAULT</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L288">            .withIgnoreEmptyLines(false)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L289">            .withAllowMissingColumnNames();</span>
+    // @formatter:on
+
+    /**
+     * Default Informix CSV UNLOAD format used by the {@code UNLOAD TO 
file_name} operation.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * This is a comma-delimited format with a LF character as the line 
separator. Values are not quoted and special
+     * characters are escaped with {@code '\'}. The default NULL string is 
{@code &quot;\\N&quot;}.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * Settings are:
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     * &lt;ul&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withDelimiter(',')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withQuote(&quot;\&quot;&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withRecordSeparator('\n')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withEscape('\\')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;/ul&gt;
+     *
+     * @see Predefined#MySQL
+     * @see &lt;a href=
+     *      
&quot;http://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSBJG3_2.5.0/com.ibm.gen_busug.doc/c_fgl_InOutSql_UNLOAD.htm&quot;&gt;
+     *      
http://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSBJG3_2.5.0/com.ibm.gen_busug.doc/c_fgl_InOutSql_UNLOAD.htm&lt;/a&gt;
+     * @since 1.3
+     */
+    // @formatter:off
+<span class="fc" id="L317">    public static final CSVFormat INFORMIX_UNLOAD = 
DEFAULT</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L318">            .withDelimiter(PIPE)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L319">            .withEscape(BACKSLASH)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L320">            .withQuote(DOUBLE_QUOTE_CHAR)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L321">            .withRecordSeparator(LF);</span>
+    // @formatter:on
+
+    /**
+     * Default Informix CSV UNLOAD format used by the {@code UNLOAD TO 
file_name} operation (escaping is disabled.)
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * This is a comma-delimited format with a LF character as the line 
separator. Values are not quoted and special
+     * characters are escaped with {@code '\'}. The default NULL string is 
{@code &quot;\\N&quot;}.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * Settings are:
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     * &lt;ul&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withDelimiter(',')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withQuote(&quot;\&quot;&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withRecordSeparator('\n')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;/ul&gt;
+     *
+     * @see Predefined#MySQL
+     * @see &lt;a href=
+     *      
&quot;http://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSBJG3_2.5.0/com.ibm.gen_busug.doc/c_fgl_InOutSql_UNLOAD.htm&quot;&gt;
+     *      
http://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSBJG3_2.5.0/com.ibm.gen_busug.doc/c_fgl_InOutSql_UNLOAD.htm&lt;/a&gt;
+     * @since 1.3
+     */
+    // @formatter:off
+<span class="fc" id="L348">    public static final CSVFormat 
INFORMIX_UNLOAD_CSV = DEFAULT</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L349">            .withDelimiter(COMMA)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L350">            .withQuote(DOUBLE_QUOTE_CHAR)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L351">            .withRecordSeparator(LF);</span>
+    // @formatter:on
+
+    /**
+     * Default MySQL format used by the {@code SELECT INTO OUTFILE} and {@code 
LOAD DATA INFILE} operations.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * This is a tab-delimited format with a LF character as the line 
separator. Values are not quoted and special
+     * characters are escaped with {@code '\'}. The default NULL string is 
{@code &quot;\\N&quot;}.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * Settings are:
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     * &lt;ul&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withDelimiter('\t')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withQuote(null)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withRecordSeparator('\n')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withIgnoreEmptyLines(false)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withEscape('\\')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withNullString(&quot;\\N&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withQuoteMode(QuoteMode.ALL_NON_NULL)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;/ul&gt;
+     *
+     * @see Predefined#MySQL
+     * @see &lt;a 
href=&quot;http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/load-data.html&quot;&gt; 
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/load
+     *      -data.html&lt;/a&gt;
+     */
+    // @formatter:off
+<span class="fc" id="L380">    public static final CSVFormat MYSQL = 
DEFAULT</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L381">            .withDelimiter(TAB)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L382">            .withEscape(BACKSLASH)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L383">            .withIgnoreEmptyLines(false)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L384">            .withQuote(null)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L385">            .withRecordSeparator(LF)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L386">            .withNullString(&quot;\\N&quot;)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L387">            
.withQuoteMode(QuoteMode.ALL_NON_NULL);</span>
+    // @formatter:off
+
+    /**
+     * Default Oracle format used by the SQL*Loader utility.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * This is a comma-delimited format with the system line separator 
character as the record separator.Values are
+     * double quoted when needed and special characters are escaped with 
{@code '&quot;'}. The default NULL string is
+     * {@code &quot;&quot;}. Values are trimmed.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * Settings are:
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     * &lt;ul&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withDelimiter(',') // default is {@code FIELDS TERMINATED BY 
','}&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withQuote('&quot;')  // default is {@code OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED 
BY '&quot;'}&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withSystemRecordSeparator()&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withTrim()&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withIgnoreEmptyLines(false)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withEscape('\\')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withNullString(&quot;\\N&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withQuoteMode(QuoteMode.MINIMAL)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;/ul&gt;
+     *
+     * @see Predefined#Oracle
+     * @see &lt;a href=&quot;https://s.apache.org/CGXG&quot;&gt;Oracle CSV 
Format Specification&lt;/a&gt;
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    // @formatter:off
+<span class="fc" id="L418">    public static final CSVFormat ORACLE = 
DEFAULT</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L419">            .withDelimiter(COMMA)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L420">            .withEscape(BACKSLASH)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L421">            .withIgnoreEmptyLines(false)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L422">            .withQuote(DOUBLE_QUOTE_CHAR)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L423">            .withNullString(&quot;\\N&quot;)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L424">            .withTrim()</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L425">            .withSystemRecordSeparator()</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L426">            
.withQuoteMode(QuoteMode.MINIMAL);</span>
+    // @formatter:off
+
+    /**
+     * Default PostgreSQL CSV format used by the {@code COPY} operation.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * This is a comma-delimited format with a LF character as the line 
separator. Values are double quoted and special
+     * characters are escaped with {@code '&quot;'}. The default NULL string 
is {@code &quot;&quot;}.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * Settings are:
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     * &lt;ul&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withDelimiter(',')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withQuote('&quot;')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withRecordSeparator('\n')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withIgnoreEmptyLines(false)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withEscape('\\')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withNullString(&quot;&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withQuoteMode(QuoteMode.ALL_NON_NULL)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;/ul&gt;
+     *
+     * @see Predefined#MySQL
+     * @see &lt;a 
href=&quot;https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-copy.html&quot;&gt;PostgreSQL
 COPY command
+     *          documentation&lt;/a&gt;
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    // @formatter:off
+<span class="fc" id="L456">    public static final CSVFormat POSTGRESQL_CSV = 
DEFAULT</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L457">            .withDelimiter(COMMA)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L458">            .withEscape(DOUBLE_QUOTE_CHAR)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L459">            .withIgnoreEmptyLines(false)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L460">            .withQuote(DOUBLE_QUOTE_CHAR)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L461">            .withRecordSeparator(LF)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L462">            .withNullString(EMPTY)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L463">            
.withQuoteMode(QuoteMode.ALL_NON_NULL);</span>
+    // @formatter:off
+
+    /**
+     * Default PostgreSQL text format used by the {@code COPY} operation.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * This is a tab-delimited format with a LF character as the line 
separator. Values are double quoted and special
+     * characters are escaped with {@code '&quot;'}. The default NULL string 
is {@code &quot;\\N&quot;}.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * Settings are:
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     * &lt;ul&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withDelimiter('\t')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withQuote('&quot;')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withRecordSeparator('\n')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withIgnoreEmptyLines(false)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withEscape('\\')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withNullString(&quot;\\N&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withQuoteMode(QuoteMode.ALL_NON_NULL)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;/ul&gt;
+     *
+     * @see Predefined#MySQL
+     * @see &lt;a 
href=&quot;https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-copy.html&quot;&gt;PostgreSQL
 COPY command
+     *          documentation&lt;/a&gt;
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    // @formatter:off
+<span class="fc" id="L493">    public static final CSVFormat POSTGRESQL_TEXT = 
DEFAULT</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L494">            .withDelimiter(TAB)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L495">            .withEscape(DOUBLE_QUOTE_CHAR)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L496">            .withIgnoreEmptyLines(false)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L497">            .withQuote(DOUBLE_QUOTE_CHAR)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L498">            .withRecordSeparator(LF)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L499">            .withNullString(&quot;\\N&quot;)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L500">            
.withQuoteMode(QuoteMode.ALL_NON_NULL);</span>
+    // @formatter:off
+
+    /**
+     * Comma separated format as defined by &lt;a 
href=&quot;http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4180&quot;&gt;RFC 4180&lt;/a&gt;.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * Settings are:
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     * &lt;ul&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withDelimiter(',')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withQuote('&quot;')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withRecordSeparator(&quot;\r\n&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withIgnoreEmptyLines(false)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;/ul&gt;
+     *
+     * @see Predefined#RFC4180
+     */
+<span class="fc" id="L518">    public static final CSVFormat RFC4180 = 
DEFAULT.withIgnoreEmptyLines(false);</span>
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    /**
+     * Tab-delimited format.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * Settings are:
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     * &lt;ul&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withDelimiter('\t')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withQuote('&quot;')&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withRecordSeparator(&quot;\r\n&quot;)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;withIgnoreSurroundingSpaces(true)&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;/ul&gt;
+     *
+     * @see Predefined#TDF
+     */
+    // @formatter:off
+<span class="fc" id="L538">    public static final CSVFormat TDF = 
DEFAULT</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L539">            .withDelimiter(TAB)</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L540">            .withIgnoreSurroundingSpaces();</span>
+    // @formatter:on
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the given character is a line break character.
+     *
+     * @param c
+     *            the character to check
+     *
+     * @return true if &lt;code&gt;c&lt;/code&gt; is a line break character
+     */
+    private static boolean isLineBreak(final char c) {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L552" title="All 4 branches covered.">        return 
c == LF || c == CR;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the given character is a line break character.
+     *
+     * @param c
+     *            the character to check, may be null
+     *
+     * @return true if &lt;code&gt;c&lt;/code&gt; is a line break character 
(and not null)
+     */
+    private static boolean isLineBreak(final Character c) {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L564" title="All 4 branches covered.">        return 
c != null &amp;&amp; isLineBreak(c.charValue());</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new CSV format with the specified delimiter.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * Use this method if you want to create a CSVFormat from scratch. All 
fields but the delimiter will be initialized
+     * with null/false.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * @param delimiter
+     *            the char used for value separation, must not be a line break 
character
+     * @return a new CSV format.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
+     *             if the delimiter is a line break character
+     *
+     * @see #DEFAULT
+     * @see #RFC4180
+     * @see #MYSQL
+     * @see #EXCEL
+     * @see #TDF
+     */
+    public static CSVFormat newFormat(final char delimiter) {
+<span class="fc" id="L588">        return new CSVFormat(delimiter, null, null, 
null, null, false, false, null, null, null, null, false, false,</span>
+                false, false, false, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets one of the predefined formats from {@link CSVFormat.Predefined}.
+     *
+     * @param format
+     *            name
+     * @return one of the predefined formats
+     * @since 1.2
+     */
+    public static CSVFormat valueOf(final String format) {
+<span class="fc" id="L601">        return 
CSVFormat.Predefined.valueOf(format).getFormat();</span>
+    }
+
+    private final boolean allowMissingColumnNames;
+
+    private final Character commentMarker; // null if commenting is disabled
+
+    private final char delimiter;
+
+    private final Character escapeCharacter; // null if escaping is disabled
+
+    private final String[] header; // array of header column names
+
+    private final String[] headerComments; // array of header comment lines
+
+    private final boolean ignoreEmptyLines;
+
+    private final boolean ignoreHeaderCase; // should ignore header names case
+
+    private final boolean ignoreSurroundingSpaces; // Should leading/trailing 
spaces be ignored around values?
+
+    private final String nullString; // the string to be used for null values
+
+    private final Character quoteCharacter; // null if quoting is disabled
+
+    private final QuoteMode quoteMode;
+
+    private final String recordSeparator; // for outputs
+
+    private final boolean skipHeaderRecord;
+
+    private final boolean trailingDelimiter;
+
+    private final boolean trim;
+
+    private final boolean autoFlush;
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a customized CSV format.
+     *
+     * @param delimiter
+     *            the char used for value separation, must not be a line break 
character
+     * @param quoteChar
+     *            the Character used as value encapsulation marker, may be 
{@code null} to disable
+     * @param quoteMode
+     *            the quote mode
+     * @param commentStart
+     *            the Character used for comment identification, may be {@code 
null} to disable
+     * @param escape
+     *            the Character used to escape special characters in values, 
may be {@code null} to disable
+     * @param ignoreSurroundingSpaces
+     *            {@code true} when whitespaces enclosing values should be 
ignored
+     * @param ignoreEmptyLines
+     *            {@code true} when the parser should skip empty lines
+     * @param recordSeparator
+     *            the line separator to use for output
+     * @param nullString
+     *            the line separator to use for output
+     * @param headerComments
+     *            the comments to be printed by the Printer before the actual 
CSV data
+     * @param header
+     *            the header
+     * @param skipHeaderRecord
+     *            TODO
+     * @param allowMissingColumnNames
+     *            TODO
+     * @param ignoreHeaderCase
+     *            TODO
+     * @param trim
+     *            TODO
+     * @param trailingDelimiter
+     *            TODO
+     * @param autoFlush
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
+     *             if the delimiter is a line break character
+     */
+    private CSVFormat(final char delimiter, final Character quoteChar, final 
QuoteMode quoteMode,
+                      final Character commentStart, final Character escape, 
final boolean ignoreSurroundingSpaces,
+                      final boolean ignoreEmptyLines, final String 
recordSeparator, final String nullString,
+                      final Object[] headerComments, final String[] header, 
final boolean skipHeaderRecord,
+                      final boolean allowMissingColumnNames, final boolean 
ignoreHeaderCase, final boolean trim,
+<span class="fc" id="L682">                      final boolean 
trailingDelimiter, final boolean autoFlush) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L683">        this.delimiter = delimiter;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L684">        this.quoteCharacter = quoteChar;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L685">        this.quoteMode = quoteMode;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L686">        this.commentMarker = commentStart;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L687">        this.escapeCharacter = escape;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L688">        this.ignoreSurroundingSpaces = 
ignoreSurroundingSpaces;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L689">        this.allowMissingColumnNames = 
allowMissingColumnNames;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L690">        this.ignoreEmptyLines = 
ignoreEmptyLines;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L691">        this.recordSeparator = 
recordSeparator;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L692">        this.nullString = nullString;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L693">        this.headerComments = 
toStringArray(headerComments);</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L694" title="All 2 branches covered.">        
this.header = header == null ? null : header.clone();</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L695">        this.skipHeaderRecord = 
skipHeaderRecord;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L696">        this.ignoreHeaderCase = 
ignoreHeaderCase;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L697">        this.trailingDelimiter = 
trailingDelimiter;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L698">        this.trim = trim;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L699">        this.autoFlush = autoFlush;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L700">        validate();</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L701">    }</span>
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(final Object obj) {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L705" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(this == obj) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L706">            return true;</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L708" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if (obj 
== null) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L709">            return false;</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L711" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(getClass() != obj.getClass()) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L712">            return false;</span>
+        }
+
+<span class="fc" id="L715">        final CSVFormat other = (CSVFormat) 
obj;</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L716" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(delimiter != other.delimiter) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L717">            return false;</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L719" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(quoteMode != other.quoteMode) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L720">            return false;</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L722" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(quoteCharacter == null) {</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L723" title="All 2 branches covered.">            if 
(other.quoteCharacter != null) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L724">                return false;</span>
+            }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L726" title="All 2 branches covered.">        } else 
if (!quoteCharacter.equals(other.quoteCharacter)) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L727">            return false;</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L729" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(commentMarker == null) {</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L730" title="All 2 branches covered.">            if 
(other.commentMarker != null) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L731">                return false;</span>
+            }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L733" title="All 2 branches covered.">        } else 
if (!commentMarker.equals(other.commentMarker)) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L734">            return false;</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L736" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(escapeCharacter == null) {</span>
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L737" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">            if 
(other.escapeCharacter != null) {</span>
+<span class="nc" id="L738">                return false;</span>
+            }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L740" title="All 2 branches covered.">        } else 
if (!escapeCharacter.equals(other.escapeCharacter)) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L741">            return false;</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L743" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(nullString == null) {</span>
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L744" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">            if 
(other.nullString != null) {</span>
+<span class="nc" id="L745">                return false;</span>
+            }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L747" title="All 2 branches covered.">        } else 
if (!nullString.equals(other.nullString)) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L748">            return false;</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L750" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(!Arrays.equals(header, other.header)) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L751">            return false;</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L753" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(ignoreSurroundingSpaces != other.ignoreSurroundingSpaces) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L754">            return false;</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L756" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(ignoreEmptyLines != other.ignoreEmptyLines) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L757">            return false;</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L759" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(skipHeaderRecord != other.skipHeaderRecord) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L760">            return false;</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L762" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(recordSeparator == null) {</span>
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L763" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">            if 
(other.recordSeparator != null) {</span>
+<span class="nc" id="L764">                return false;</span>
+            }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L766" title="All 2 branches covered.">        } else 
if (!recordSeparator.equals(other.recordSeparator)) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L767">            return false;</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc" id="L769">        return true;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Formats the specified values.
+     *
+     * @param values
+     *            the values to format
+     * @return the formatted values
+     */
+    public String format(final Object... values) {
+<span class="fc" id="L780">        final StringWriter out = new 
StringWriter();</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L781">        try (final CSVPrinter csvPrinter = new 
CSVPrinter(out, this)) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L782">            csvPrinter.printRecord(values);</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L783">            return out.toString().trim();</span>
+<span class="nc" id="L784">        } catch (final IOException e) {</span>
+            // should not happen because a StringWriter does not do IO.
+<span class="nc" id="L786">            throw new 
IllegalStateException(e);</span>
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Specifies whether missing column names are allowed when parsing the 
header line.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if missing column names are allowed when parsing 
the header line, {@code false} to throw an
+     *         {@link IllegalArgumentException}.
+     */
+    public boolean getAllowMissingColumnNames() {
+<span class="fc" id="L797">        return allowMissingColumnNames;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether to flush on close.
+     *
+     * @return whether to flush on close.
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    public boolean getAutoFlush() {
+<span class="fc" id="L807">        return autoFlush;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the character marking the start of a line comment.
+     *
+     * @return the comment start marker, may be {@code null}
+     */
+    public Character getCommentMarker() {
+<span class="fc" id="L816">        return commentMarker;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the character delimiting the values (typically ';', ',' or 
'\t').
+     *
+     * @return the delimiter character
+     */
+    public char getDelimiter() {
+<span class="fc" id="L825">        return delimiter;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the escape character.
+     *
+     * @return the escape character, may be {@code null}
+     */
+    public Character getEscapeCharacter() {
+<span class="fc" id="L834">        return escapeCharacter;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a copy of the header array.
+     *
+     * @return a copy of the header array; {@code null} if disabled, the empty 
array if to be read from the file
+     */
+    public String[] getHeader() {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L843" title="All 2 branches covered.">        return 
header != null ? header.clone() : null;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a copy of the header comment array.
+     *
+     * @return a copy of the header comment array; {@code null} if disabled.
+     */
+    public String[] getHeaderComments() {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L852" title="All 2 branches covered.">        return 
headerComments != null ? headerComments.clone() : null;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Specifies whether empty lines between records are ignored when parsing 
input.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if empty lines between records are ignored, {@code 
false} if they are turned into empty
+     *         records.
+     */
+    public boolean getIgnoreEmptyLines() {
+<span class="fc" id="L862">        return ignoreEmptyLines;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Specifies whether header names will be accessed ignoring case.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if header names cases are ignored, {@code false} 
if they are case sensitive.
+     * @since 1.3
+     */
+    public boolean getIgnoreHeaderCase() {
+<span class="fc" id="L872">        return ignoreHeaderCase;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Specifies whether spaces around values are ignored when parsing input.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if spaces around values are ignored, {@code false} 
if they are treated as part of the value.
+     */
+    public boolean getIgnoreSurroundingSpaces() {
+<span class="fc" id="L881">        return ignoreSurroundingSpaces;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the String to convert to and from {@code null}.
+     * &lt;ul&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reading:&lt;/strong&gt; Converts strings equal 
to the given {@code nullString} to {@code null} when reading
+     * records.&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Writing:&lt;/strong&gt; Writes {@code null} as 
the given {@code nullString} when writing records.&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;/ul&gt;
+     *
+     * @return the String to convert to and from {@code null}. No substitution 
occurs if {@code null}
+     */
+    public String getNullString() {
+<span class="fc" id="L895">        return nullString;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the character used to encapsulate values containing special 
characters.
+     *
+     * @return the quoteChar character, may be {@code null}
+     */
+    public Character getQuoteCharacter() {
+<span class="fc" id="L904">        return quoteCharacter;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the quote policy output fields.
+     *
+     * @return the quote policy
+     */
+    public QuoteMode getQuoteMode() {
+<span class="fc" id="L913">        return quoteMode;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the record separator delimiting output records.
+     *
+     * @return the record separator
+     */
+    public String getRecordSeparator() {
+<span class="fc" id="L922">        return recordSeparator;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether to skip the header record.
+     *
+     * @return whether to skip the header record.
+     */
+    public boolean getSkipHeaderRecord() {
+<span class="fc" id="L931">        return skipHeaderRecord;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether to add a trailing delimiter.
+     *
+     * @return whether to add a trailing delimiter.
+     * @since 1.3
+     */
+    public boolean getTrailingDelimiter() {
+<span class="fc" id="L941">        return trailingDelimiter;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether to trim leading and trailing blanks.
+     *
+     * @return whether to trim leading and trailing blanks.
+     */
+    public boolean getTrim() {
+<span class="fc" id="L950">        return trim;</span>
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+<span class="fc" id="L955">        final int prime = 31;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L956">        int result = 1;</span>
+
+<span class="fc" id="L958">        result = prime * result + delimiter;</span>
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L959" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        result 
= prime * result + ((quoteMode == null) ? 0 : quoteMode.hashCode());</span>
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L960" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        result 
= prime * result + ((quoteCharacter == null) ? 0 : 
quoteCharacter.hashCode());</span>
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L961" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        result 
= prime * result + ((commentMarker == null) ? 0 : 
commentMarker.hashCode());</span>
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L962" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        result 
= prime * result + ((escapeCharacter == null) ? 0 : 
escapeCharacter.hashCode());</span>
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L963" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        result 
= prime * result + ((nullString == null) ? 0 : nullString.hashCode());</span>
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L964" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        result 
= prime * result + (ignoreSurroundingSpaces ? 1231 : 1237);</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L965" title="All 2 branches covered.">        result 
= prime * result + (ignoreHeaderCase ? 1231 : 1237);</span>
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L966" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        result 
= prime * result + (ignoreEmptyLines ? 1231 : 1237);</span>
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L967" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        result 
= prime * result + (skipHeaderRecord ? 1231 : 1237);</span>
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L968" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        result 
= prime * result + ((recordSeparator == null) ? 0 : 
recordSeparator.hashCode());</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L969">        result = prime * result + 
Arrays.hashCode(header);</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L970">        return result;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Specifies whether comments are supported by this format.
+     *
+     * Note that the comment introducer character is only recognized at the 
start of a line.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} is comments are supported, {@code false} otherwise
+     */
+    public boolean isCommentMarkerSet() {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L981" title="All 2 branches covered.">        return 
commentMarker != null;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether escape are being processed.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if escapes are processed
+     */
+    public boolean isEscapeCharacterSet() {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L990" title="All 2 branches covered.">        return 
escapeCharacter != null;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether a nullString has been defined.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if a nullString is defined
+     */
+    public boolean isNullStringSet() {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L999" title="All 2 branches covered.">        return 
nullString != null;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether a quoteChar has been defined.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if a quoteChar is defined
+     */
+    public boolean isQuoteCharacterSet() {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1008" title="All 2 branches covered.">        return 
quoteCharacter != null;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parses the specified content.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * See also the various static parse methods on {@link CSVParser}.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * @param in
+     *            the input stream
+     * @return a parser over a stream of {@link CSVRecord}s.
+     * @throws IOException
+     *             If an I/O error occurs
+     */
+    public CSVParser parse(final Reader in) throws IOException {
+<span class="fc" id="L1025">        return new CSVParser(in, this);</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Prints to the specified output.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * See also {@link CSVPrinter}.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * @param out
+     *            the output.
+     * @return a printer to an output.
+     * @throws IOException
+     *             thrown if the optional header cannot be printed.
+     */
+    public CSVPrinter print(final Appendable out) throws IOException {
+<span class="fc" id="L1042">        return new CSVPrinter(out, this);</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Prints to the specified output.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * See also {@link CSVPrinter}.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * @param out
+     *            the output.
+     * @param charset
+     *            A charset.
+     * @return a printer to an output.
+     * @throws IOException
+     *             thrown if the optional header cannot be printed.
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings(&quot;resource&quot;)
+    public CSVPrinter print(final File out, final Charset charset) throws 
IOException {
+        // The writer will be closed when close() is called.
+<span class="fc" id="L1064">        return new CSVPrinter(new 
OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(out), charset), this);</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Prints the {@code value} as the next value on the line to {@code out}. 
The value will be escaped or encapsulated
+     * as needed. Useful when one wants to avoid creating CSVPrinters.
+     *
+     * @param value
+     *            value to output.
+     * @param out
+     *            where to print the value.
+     * @param newRecord
+     *            if this a new record.
+     * @throws IOException
+     *             If an I/O error occurs.
+     * @since 1.4
+     */
+    public void print(final Object value, final Appendable out, final boolean 
newRecord) throws IOException {
+        // null values are considered empty
+        // Only call CharSequence.toString() if you have to, helps GC-free use 
cases.
+        CharSequence charSequence;
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1085" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(value == null) {</span>
+            // https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CSV-203
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1087" title="All 2 branches covered.">            if 
(null == nullString) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1088">                charSequence = EMPTY;</span>
+            } else {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1090" title="All 2 branches covered.">               
 if (QuoteMode.ALL == quoteMode) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1091">                    charSequence = quoteCharacter 
+ nullString + quoteCharacter;</span>
+                } else {
+<span class="fc" id="L1093">                    charSequence = 
nullString;</span>
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1097" title="All 2 branches covered.">            
charSequence = value instanceof CharSequence ? (CharSequence) value : 
value.toString();</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1099" title="All 2 branches covered.">        
charSequence = getTrim() ? trim(charSequence) : charSequence;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1100">        this.print(value, charSequence, 0, 
charSequence.length(), out, newRecord);</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1101">    }</span>
+
+    private void print(final Object object, final CharSequence value, final 
int offset, final int len,
+            final Appendable out, final boolean newRecord) throws IOException {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1105" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(!newRecord) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1106">            out.append(getDelimiter());</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1108" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(object == null) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1109">            out.append(value);</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1110" title="All 2 branches covered.">        } else 
if (isQuoteCharacterSet()) {</span>
+            // the original object is needed so can check for Number
+<span class="fc" id="L1112">            printAndQuote(object, value, offset, 
len, out, newRecord);</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1113" title="All 2 branches covered.">        } else 
if (isEscapeCharacterSet()) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1114">            printAndEscape(value, offset, len, 
out);</span>
+        } else {
+<span class="fc" id="L1116">            out.append(value, offset, offset + 
len);</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc" id="L1118">    }</span>
+
+    /**
+     * Prints to the specified output.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * See also {@link CSVPrinter}.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * @param out
+     *            the output.
+     * @param charset
+     *            A charset.
+     * @return a printer to an output.
+     * @throws IOException
+     *             thrown if the optional header cannot be printed.
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public CSVPrinter print(final Path out, final Charset charset) throws 
IOException {
+<span class="fc" id="L1137">        return print(Files.newBufferedWriter(out, 
charset));</span>
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Note: must only be called if escaping is enabled, otherwise will 
generate NPE
+     */
+    private void printAndEscape(final CharSequence value, final int offset, 
final int len, final Appendable out)
+            throws IOException {
+<span class="fc" id="L1145">        int start = offset;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1146">        int pos = offset;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1147">        final int end = offset + len;</span>
+
+<span class="fc" id="L1149">        final char delim = getDelimiter();</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1150">        final char escape = 
getEscapeCharacter().charValue();</span>
+
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1152" title="All 2 branches covered.">        while 
(pos &lt; end) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1153">            char c = value.charAt(pos);</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1154" title="All 8 branches covered.">            if 
(c == CR || c == LF || c == delim || c == escape) {</span>
+                // write out segment up until this char
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1156" title="All 2 branches covered.">               
 if (pos &gt; start) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1157">                    out.append(value, start, 
pos);</span>
+                }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1159" title="All 2 branches covered.">               
 if (c == LF) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1160">                    c = 'n';</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1161" title="All 2 branches covered.">               
 } else if (c == CR) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1162">                    c = 'r';</span>
+                }
+
+<span class="fc" id="L1165">                out.append(escape);</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1166">                out.append(c);</span>
+
+<span class="fc" id="L1168">                start = pos + 1; // start on the 
current char after this one</span>
+            }
+
+<span class="fc" id="L1171">            pos++;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1172">        }</span>
+
+        // write last segment
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1175" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(pos &gt; start) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1176">            out.append(value, start, pos);</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc" id="L1178">    }</span>
+
+    /*
+     * Note: must only be called if quoting is enabled, otherwise will 
generate NPE
+     */
+    // the original object is needed so can check for Number
+    private void printAndQuote(final Object object, final CharSequence value, 
final int offset, final int len,
+            final Appendable out, final boolean newRecord) throws IOException {
+<span class="fc" id="L1186">        boolean quote = false;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1187">        int start = offset;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1188">        int pos = offset;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1189">        final int end = offset + len;</span>
+
+<span class="fc" id="L1191">        final char delimChar = 
getDelimiter();</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1192">        final char quoteChar = 
getQuoteCharacter().charValue();</span>
+
+<span class="fc" id="L1194">        QuoteMode quoteModePolicy = 
getQuoteMode();</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1195" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(quoteModePolicy == null) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1196">            quoteModePolicy = 
QuoteMode.MINIMAL;</span>
+        }
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L1198" title="1 of 5 branches missed.">        switch 
(quoteModePolicy) {</span>
+        case ALL:
+        case ALL_NON_NULL:
+<span class="fc" id="L1201">            quote = true;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1202">            break;</span>
+        case NON_NUMERIC:
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1204" title="All 2 branches covered.">            
quote = !(object instanceof Number);</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1205">            break;</span>
+        case NONE:
+            // Use the existing escaping code
+<span class="fc" id="L1208">            printAndEscape(value, offset, len, 
out);</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1209">            return;</span>
+        case MINIMAL:
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1211" title="All 2 branches covered.">            if 
(len &lt;= 0) {</span>
+                // always quote an empty token that is the first
+                // on the line, as it may be the only thing on the
+                // line. If it were not quoted in that case,
+                // an empty line has no tokens.
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1216" title="All 2 branches covered.">               
 if (newRecord) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1217">                    quote = true;</span>
+                }
+            } else {
+<span class="fc" id="L1220">                char c = value.charAt(pos);</span>
+
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1222" title="All 2 branches covered.">               
 if (c &lt;= COMMENT) {</span>
+                    // Some other chars at the start of a value caused the 
parser to fail, so for now
+                    // encapsulate if we start in anything less than '#'. We 
are being conservative
+                    // by including the default comment char too.
+<span class="fc" id="L1226">                    quote = true;</span>
+                } else {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1228" title="All 2 branches covered.">               
     while (pos &lt; end) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1229">                        c = 
value.charAt(pos);</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1230" title="All 8 branches covered.">               
         if (c == LF || c == CR || c == quoteChar || c == delimChar) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1231">                            quote = true;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1232">                            break;</span>
+                        }
+<span class="fc" id="L1234">                        pos++;</span>
+                    }
+
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1237" title="All 2 branches covered.">               
     if (!quote) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1238">                        pos = end - 1;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1239">                        c = 
value.charAt(pos);</span>
+                        // Some other chars at the end caused the parser to 
fail, so for now
+                        // encapsulate if we end in anything less than ' '
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1242" title="All 2 branches covered.">               
         if (c &lt;= SP) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1243">                            quote = true;</span>
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1249" title="All 2 branches covered.">            if 
(!quote) {</span>
+                // no encapsulation needed - write out the original value
+<span class="fc" id="L1251">                out.append(value, start, 
end);</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1252">                return;</span>
+            }
+            break;
+        default:
+<span class="nc" id="L1256">            throw new 
IllegalStateException(&quot;Unexpected Quote value: &quot; + 
quoteModePolicy);</span>
+        }
+
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1259" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(!quote) {</span>
+            // no encapsulation needed - write out the original value
+<span class="fc" id="L1261">            out.append(value, start, end);</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1262">            return;</span>
+        }
+
+        // we hit something that needed encapsulation
+<span class="fc" id="L1266">        out.append(quoteChar);</span>
+
+        // Pick up where we left off: pos should be positioned on the first 
character that caused
+        // the need for encapsulation.
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1270" title="All 2 branches covered.">        while 
(pos &lt; end) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1271">            final char c = 
value.charAt(pos);</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1272" title="All 2 branches covered.">            if 
(c == quoteChar) {</span>
+                // write out the chunk up until this point
+
+                // add 1 to the length to write out the encapsulator also
+<span class="fc" id="L1276">                out.append(value, start, pos + 
1);</span>
+                // put the next starting position on the encapsulator so we 
will
+                // write it out again with the next string (effectively 
doubling it)
+<span class="fc" id="L1279">                start = pos;</span>
+            }
+<span class="fc" id="L1281">            pos++;</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1282">        }</span>
+
+        // write the last segment
+<span class="fc" id="L1285">        out.append(value, start, pos);</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1286">        out.append(quoteChar);</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1287">    }</span>
+
+    /**
+     * Prints to the {@link System#out}.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * See also {@link CSVPrinter}.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * @return a printer to {@link System#out}.
+     * @throws IOException
+     *             thrown if the optional header cannot be printed.
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public CSVPrinter printer() throws IOException {
+<span class="fc" id="L1302">        return new CSVPrinter(System.out, 
this);</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Outputs the trailing delimiter (if set) followed by the record 
separator (if set).
+     *
+     * @param out
+     *            where to write
+     * @throws IOException
+     *             If an I/O error occurs
+     * @since 1.4
+     */
+    public void println(final Appendable out) throws IOException {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1315" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(getTrailingDelimiter()) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1316">            out.append(getDelimiter());</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1318" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(recordSeparator != null) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1319">            out.append(recordSeparator);</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc" id="L1321">    }</span>
+
+    /**
+     * Prints the given {@code values} to {@code out} as a single record of 
delimiter separated values followed by the
+     * record separator.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * The values will be quoted if needed. Quotes and new-line characters 
will be escaped. This method adds the record
+     * separator to the output after printing the record, so there is no need 
to call {@link #println(Appendable)}.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * @param out
+     *            where to write.
+     * @param values
+     *            values to output.
+     * @throws IOException
+     *             If an I/O error occurs.
+     * @since 1.4
+     */
+    public void printRecord(final Appendable out, final Object... values) 
throws IOException {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1341" title="All 2 branches covered.">        for 
(int i = 0; i &lt; values.length; i++) {</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1342" title="All 2 branches covered.">            
print(values[i], out, i == 0);</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc" id="L1344">        println(out);</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1345">    }</span>
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+<span class="fc" id="L1349">        final StringBuilder sb = new 
StringBuilder();</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1350">        
sb.append(&quot;Delimiter=&lt;&quot;).append(delimiter).append('&gt;');</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1351" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(isEscapeCharacterSet()) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1352">            sb.append(' ');</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1353">            
sb.append(&quot;Escape=&lt;&quot;).append(escapeCharacter).append('&gt;');</span>
+        }
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L1355" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        if 
(isQuoteCharacterSet()) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1356">            sb.append(' ');</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1357">            
sb.append(&quot;QuoteChar=&lt;&quot;).append(quoteCharacter).append('&gt;');</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1359" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(isCommentMarkerSet()) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1360">            sb.append(' ');</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1361">            
sb.append(&quot;CommentStart=&lt;&quot;).append(commentMarker).append('&gt;');</span>
+        }
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L1363" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        if 
(isNullStringSet()) {</span>
+<span class="nc" id="L1364">            sb.append(' ');</span>
+<span class="nc" id="L1365">            
sb.append(&quot;NullString=&lt;&quot;).append(nullString).append('&gt;');</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1367" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(recordSeparator != null) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1368">            sb.append(' ');</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1369">            
sb.append(&quot;RecordSeparator=&lt;&quot;).append(recordSeparator).append('&gt;');</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1371" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(getIgnoreEmptyLines()) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1372">            sb.append(&quot; 
EmptyLines:ignored&quot;);</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1374" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(getIgnoreSurroundingSpaces()) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1375">            sb.append(&quot; 
SurroundingSpaces:ignored&quot;);</span>
+        }
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L1377" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        if 
(getIgnoreHeaderCase()) {</span>
+<span class="nc" id="L1378">            sb.append(&quot; 
IgnoreHeaderCase:ignored&quot;);</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc" id="L1380">        sb.append(&quot; 
SkipHeaderRecord:&quot;).append(skipHeaderRecord);</span>
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L1381" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        if 
(headerComments != null) {</span>
+<span class="nc" id="L1382">            sb.append(' ');</span>
+<span class="nc" id="L1383">            
sb.append(&quot;HeaderComments:&quot;).append(Arrays.toString(headerComments));</span>
+        }
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L1385" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        if 
(header != null) {</span>
+<span class="nc" id="L1386">            sb.append(' ');</span>
+<span class="nc" id="L1387">            
sb.append(&quot;Header:&quot;).append(Arrays.toString(header));</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc" id="L1389">        return sb.toString();</span>
+    }
+
+    private String[] toStringArray(final Object[] values) {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1393" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(values == null) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1394">            return null;</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc" id="L1396">        final String[] strings = new 
String[values.length];</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1397" title="All 2 branches covered.">        for 
(int i = 0; i &lt; values.length; i++) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1398">            final Object value = values[i];</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1399" title="All 2 branches covered.">            
strings[i] = value == null ? null : value.toString();</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc" id="L1401">        return strings;</span>
+    }
+
+    private CharSequence trim(final CharSequence charSequence) {
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L1405" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        if 
(charSequence instanceof String) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1406">            return ((String) 
charSequence).trim();</span>
+        }
+<span class="nc" id="L1408">        final int count = 
charSequence.length();</span>
+<span class="nc" id="L1409">        int len = count;</span>
+<span class="nc" id="L1410">        int pos = 0;</span>
+
+<span class="nc bnc" id="L1412" title="All 4 branches missed.">        while 
(pos &lt; len &amp;&amp; charSequence.charAt(pos) &lt;= SP) {</span>
+<span class="nc" id="L1413">            pos++;</span>
+        }
+<span class="nc bnc" id="L1415" title="All 4 branches missed.">        while 
(pos &lt; len &amp;&amp; charSequence.charAt(len - 1) &lt;= SP) {</span>
+<span class="nc" id="L1416">            len--;</span>
+        }
+<span class="nc bnc" id="L1418" title="All 4 branches missed.">        return 
pos &gt; 0 || len &lt; count ? charSequence.subSequence(pos, len) : 
charSequence;</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verifies the consistency of the parameters and throws an 
IllegalArgumentException if necessary.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
+     */
+    private void validate() throws IllegalArgumentException {
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L1427" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        if 
(isLineBreak(delimiter)) {</span>
+<span class="nc" id="L1428">            throw new 
IllegalArgumentException(&quot;The delimiter cannot be a line 
break&quot;);</span>
+        }
+
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1431" title="All 4 branches covered.">        if 
(quoteCharacter != null &amp;&amp; delimiter == quoteCharacter.charValue()) 
{</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1432">            throw new 
IllegalArgumentException(</span>
+                    &quot;The quoteChar character and the delimiter cannot be 
the same ('&quot; + quoteCharacter + &quot;')&quot;);
+        }
+
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1436" title="All 4 branches covered.">        if 
(escapeCharacter != null &amp;&amp; delimiter == escapeCharacter.charValue()) 
{</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1437">            throw new 
IllegalArgumentException(</span>
+                    &quot;The escape character and the delimiter cannot be the 
same ('&quot; + escapeCharacter + &quot;')&quot;);
+        }
+
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1441" title="All 4 branches covered.">        if 
(commentMarker != null &amp;&amp; delimiter == commentMarker.charValue()) 
{</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1442">            throw new 
IllegalArgumentException(</span>
+                    &quot;The comment start character and the delimiter cannot 
be the same ('&quot; + commentMarker + &quot;')&quot;);
+        }
+
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1446" title="All 4 branches covered.">        if 
(quoteCharacter != null &amp;&amp; quoteCharacter.equals(commentMarker)) 
{</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1447">            throw new 
IllegalArgumentException(</span>
+                    &quot;The comment start character and the quoteChar cannot 
be the same ('&quot; + commentMarker + &quot;')&quot;);
+        }
+
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1451" title="All 4 branches covered.">        if 
(escapeCharacter != null &amp;&amp; escapeCharacter.equals(commentMarker)) 
{</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1452">            throw new 
IllegalArgumentException(</span>
+                    &quot;The comment start and the escape character cannot be 
the same ('&quot; + commentMarker + &quot;')&quot;);
+        }
+
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1456" title="All 4 branches covered.">        if 
(escapeCharacter == null &amp;&amp; quoteMode == QuoteMode.NONE) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1457">            throw new 
IllegalArgumentException(&quot;No quotes mode set but no escape character is 
set&quot;);</span>
+        }
+
+        // validate header
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1461" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(header != null) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1462">            final Set&lt;String&gt; dupCheck = new 
HashSet&lt;&gt;();</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1463" title="All 2 branches covered.">            
for (final String hdr : header) {</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1464" title="All 2 branches covered.">               
 if (!dupCheck.add(hdr)) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1465">                    throw new 
IllegalArgumentException(</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1466">                            &quot;The header 
contains a duplicate entry: '&quot; + hdr + &quot;' in &quot; + 
Arrays.toString(header));</span>
+                }
+            }
+        }
+<span class="fc" id="L1470">    }</span>
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the missing column names behavior 
of the format set to {@code true}
+     *
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but with the specified 
missing column names behavior.
+     * @see #withAllowMissingColumnNames(boolean)
+     * @since 1.1
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withAllowMissingColumnNames() {
+<span class="fc" id="L1480">        return 
this.withAllowMissingColumnNames(true);</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the missing column names behavior 
of the format set to the given value.
+     *
+     * @param allowMissingColumnNames
+     *            the missing column names behavior, {@code true} to allow 
missing column names in the header line,
+     *            {@code false} to cause an {@link IllegalArgumentException} 
to be thrown.
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but with the specified 
missing column names behavior.
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withAllowMissingColumnNames(final boolean 
allowMissingColumnNames) {
+<span class="fc" id="L1492">        return new CSVFormat(delimiter, 
quoteCharacter, quoteMode, commentMarker, escapeCharacter,</span>
+                ignoreSurroundingSpaces, ignoreEmptyLines, recordSeparator, 
nullString, headerComments, header,
+                skipHeaderRecord, allowMissingColumnNames, ignoreHeaderCase, 
trim, trailingDelimiter, autoFlush);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with whether to flush on close.
+     *
+     * @param autoFlush
+     *            whether to flush on close.
+     *
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but with the specified 
autoFlush setting.
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withAutoFlush(final boolean autoFlush) {
+<span class="fc" id="L1507">        return new CSVFormat(delimiter, 
quoteCharacter, quoteMode, commentMarker, escapeCharacter,</span>
+            ignoreSurroundingSpaces, ignoreEmptyLines, recordSeparator, 
nullString, headerComments, header,
+            skipHeaderRecord, allowMissingColumnNames, ignoreHeaderCase, trim, 
trailingDelimiter, autoFlush);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the comment start marker of the 
format set to the specified character.
+     *
+     * Note that the comment start character is only recognized at the start 
of a line.
+     *
+     * @param commentMarker
+     *            the comment start marker
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this one but with the 
specified character as the comment start marker
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
+     *             thrown if the specified character is a line break
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withCommentMarker(final char commentMarker) {
+<span class="fc" id="L1524">        return 
withCommentMarker(Character.valueOf(commentMarker));</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the comment start marker of the 
format set to the specified character.
+     *
+     * Note that the comment start character is only recognized at the start 
of a line.
+     *
+     * @param commentMarker
+     *            the comment start marker, use {@code null} to disable
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this one but with the 
specified character as the comment start marker
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
+     *             thrown if the specified character is a line break
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withCommentMarker(final Character commentMarker) {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1539" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(isLineBreak(commentMarker)) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1540">            throw new 
IllegalArgumentException(&quot;The comment start marker character cannot be a 
line break&quot;);</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc" id="L1542">        return new CSVFormat(delimiter, 
quoteCharacter, quoteMode, commentMarker, escapeCharacter,</span>
+                ignoreSurroundingSpaces, ignoreEmptyLines, recordSeparator, 
nullString, headerComments, header,
+                skipHeaderRecord, allowMissingColumnNames, ignoreHeaderCase, 
trim, trailingDelimiter, autoFlush);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the delimiter of the format set to 
the specified character.
+     *
+     * @param delimiter
+     *            the delimiter character
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this with the specified 
character as delimiter
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
+     *             thrown if the specified character is a line break
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withDelimiter(final char delimiter) {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1557" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(isLineBreak(delimiter)) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1558">            throw new 
IllegalArgumentException(&quot;The delimiter cannot be a line 
break&quot;);</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc" id="L1560">        return new CSVFormat(delimiter, 
quoteCharacter, quoteMode, commentMarker, escapeCharacter,</span>
+                ignoreSurroundingSpaces, ignoreEmptyLines, recordSeparator, 
nullString, headerComments, header,
+                skipHeaderRecord, allowMissingColumnNames, ignoreHeaderCase, 
trim, trailingDelimiter, autoFlush);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the escape character of the format 
set to the specified character.
+     *
+     * @param escape
+     *            the escape character
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to his but with the specified 
character as the escape character
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
+     *             thrown if the specified character is a line break
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withEscape(final char escape) {
+<span class="fc" id="L1575">        return 
withEscape(Character.valueOf(escape));</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the escape character of the format 
set to the specified character.
+     *
+     * @param escape
+     *            the escape character, use {@code null} to disable
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but with the specified 
character as the escape character
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
+     *             thrown if the specified character is a line break
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withEscape(final Character escape) {
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1588" title="All 2 branches covered.">        if 
(isLineBreak(escape)) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1589">            throw new 
IllegalArgumentException(&quot;The escape character cannot be a line 
break&quot;);</span>
+        }
+<span class="fc" id="L1591">        return new CSVFormat(delimiter, 
quoteCharacter, quoteMode, commentMarker, escape, 
ignoreSurroundingSpaces,</span>
+                ignoreEmptyLines, recordSeparator, nullString, headerComments, 
header, skipHeaderRecord,
+                allowMissingColumnNames, ignoreHeaderCase, trim, 
trailingDelimiter, autoFlush);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} using the first record as header.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * Calling this method is equivalent to calling:
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * &lt;pre&gt;
+     * CSVFormat format = aFormat.withHeader().withSkipHeaderRecord();
+     * &lt;/pre&gt;
+     *
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but using the first 
record as header.
+     * @see #withSkipHeaderRecord(boolean)
+     * @see #withHeader(String...)
+     * @since 1.3
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withFirstRecordAsHeader() {
+<span class="fc" id="L1613">        return 
withHeader().withSkipHeaderRecord();</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the header of the format defined 
by the enum class.
+     *
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * Example:
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     * &lt;pre&gt;
+     * public enum Header {
+     *     Name, Email, Phone
+     * }
+     *
+     * CSVFormat format = aformat.withHeader(Header.class);
+     * &lt;/pre&gt;
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * The header is also used by the {@link CSVPrinter}.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * @param headerEnum
+     *            the enum defining the header, {@code null} if disabled, 
empty if parsed automatically, user specified
+     *            otherwise.
+     *
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but with the specified 
header
+     * @see #withHeader(String...)
+     * @see #withSkipHeaderRecord(boolean)
+     * @since 1.3
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withHeader(final Class&lt;? extends Enum&lt;?&gt;&gt; 
headerEnum) {
+<span class="fc" id="L1643">        String[] header = null;</span>
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L1644" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        if 
(headerEnum != null) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1645">            final Enum&lt;?&gt;[] enumValues = 
headerEnum.getEnumConstants();</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1646">            header = new 
String[enumValues.length];</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1647" title="All 2 branches covered.">            
for (int i = 0; i &lt; enumValues.length; i++) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1648">                header[i] = 
enumValues[i].name();</span>
+            }
+        }
+<span class="fc" id="L1651">        return withHeader(header);</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the header of the format set from 
the result set metadata. The header can
+     * either be parsed automatically from the input file with:
+     *
+     * &lt;pre&gt;
+     * CSVFormat format = aformat.withHeader();
+     * &lt;/pre&gt;
+     *
+     * or specified manually with:
+     *
+     * &lt;pre&gt;
+     * CSVFormat format = aformat.withHeader(resultSet);
+     * &lt;/pre&gt;
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * The header is also used by the {@link CSVPrinter}.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * @param resultSet
+     *            the resultSet for the header, {@code null} if disabled, 
empty if parsed automatically, user specified
+     *            otherwise.
+     *
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but with the specified 
header
+     * @throws SQLException
+     *             SQLException if a database access error occurs or this 
method is called on a closed result set.
+     * @since 1.1
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withHeader(final ResultSet resultSet) throws SQLException 
{
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L1681" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        return 
withHeader(resultSet != null ? resultSet.getMetaData() : null);</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the header of the format set from 
the result set metadata. The header can
+     * either be parsed automatically from the input file with:
+     *
+     * &lt;pre&gt;
+     * CSVFormat format = aformat.withHeader();
+     * &lt;/pre&gt;
+     *
+     * or specified manually with:
+     *
+     * &lt;pre&gt;
+     * CSVFormat format = aformat.withHeader(metaData);
+     * &lt;/pre&gt;
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * The header is also used by the {@link CSVPrinter}.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * @param metaData
+     *            the metaData for the header, {@code null} if disabled, empty 
if parsed automatically, user specified
+     *            otherwise.
+     *
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but with the specified 
header
+     * @throws SQLException
+     *             SQLException if a database access error occurs or this 
method is called on a closed result set.
+     * @since 1.1
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withHeader(final ResultSetMetaData metaData) throws 
SQLException {
+<span class="fc" id="L1711">        String[] labels = null;</span>
+<span class="pc bpc" id="L1712" title="1 of 2 branches missed.">        if 
(metaData != null) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1713">            final int columnCount = 
metaData.getColumnCount();</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1714">            labels = new 
String[columnCount];</span>
+<span class="fc bfc" id="L1715" title="All 2 branches covered.">            
for (int i = 0; i &lt; columnCount; i++) {</span>
+<span class="fc" id="L1716">                labels[i] = 
metaData.getColumnLabel(i + 1);</span>
+            }
+        }
+<span class="fc" id="L1719">        return withHeader(labels);</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the header of the format set to 
the given values. The header can either be
+     * parsed automatically from the input file with:
+     *
+     * &lt;pre&gt;
+     * CSVFormat format = aformat.withHeader();
+     * &lt;/pre&gt;
+     *
+     * or specified manually with:
+     *
+     * &lt;pre&gt;
+     * CSVFormat format = aformat.withHeader(&amp;quot;name&amp;quot;, 
&amp;quot;email&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;phone&amp;quot;);
+     * &lt;/pre&gt;
+     * &lt;p&gt;
+     * The header is also used by the {@link CSVPrinter}.
+     * &lt;/p&gt;
+     *
+     * @param header
+     *            the header, {@code null} if disabled, empty if parsed 
automatically, user specified otherwise.
+     *
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but with the specified 
header
+     * @see #withSkipHeaderRecord(boolean)
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withHeader(final String... header) {
+<span class="fc" id="L1746">        return new CSVFormat(delimiter, 
quoteCharacter, quoteMode, commentMarker, escapeCharacter,</span>
+                ignoreSurroundingSpaces, ignoreEmptyLines, recordSeparator, 
nullString, headerComments, header,
+                skipHeaderRecord, allowMissingColumnNames, ignoreHeaderCase, 
trim, trailingDelimiter, autoFlush);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the header comments of the format 
set to the given values. The comments will
+     * be printed first, before the headers. This setting is ignored by the 
parser.
+     *
+     * &lt;pre&gt;
+     * CSVFormat format = aformat.withHeaderComments(&amp;quot;Generated by 
Apache Commons CSV 1.1.&amp;quot;, new Date());
+     * &lt;/pre&gt;
+     *
+     * @param headerComments
+     *            the headerComments which will be printed by the Printer 
before the actual CSV data.
+     *
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but with the specified 
header
+     * @see #withSkipHeaderRecord(boolean)
+     * @since 1.1
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withHeaderComments(final Object... headerComments) {
+<span class="fc" id="L1767">        return new CSVFormat(delimiter, 
quoteCharacter, quoteMode, commentMarker, escapeCharacter,</span>
+                ignoreSurroundingSpaces, ignoreEmptyLines, recordSeparator, 
nullString, headerComments, header,
+                skipHeaderRecord, allowMissingColumnNames, ignoreHeaderCase, 
trim, trailingDelimiter, autoFlush);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the empty line skipping behavior 
of the format set to {@code true}.
+     *
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but with the specified 
empty line skipping behavior.
+     * @since {@link #withIgnoreEmptyLines(boolean)}
+     * @since 1.1
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withIgnoreEmptyLines() {
+<span class="fc" id="L1780">        return 
this.withIgnoreEmptyLines(true);</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the empty line skipping behavior 
of the format set to the given value.
+     *
+     * @param ignoreEmptyLines
+     *            the empty line skipping behavior, {@code true} to ignore the 
empty lines between the records,
+     *            {@code false} to translate empty lines to empty records.
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but with the specified 
empty line skipping behavior.
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withIgnoreEmptyLines(final boolean ignoreEmptyLines) {
+<span class="fc" id="L1792">        return new CSVFormat(delimiter, 
quoteCharacter, quoteMode, commentMarker, escapeCharacter,</span>
+                ignoreSurroundingSpaces, ignoreEmptyLines, recordSeparator, 
nullString, headerComments, header,
+                skipHeaderRecord, allowMissingColumnNames, ignoreHeaderCase, 
trim, trailingDelimiter, autoFlush);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the header ignore case behavior 
set to {@code true}.
+     *
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that will ignore case header name.
+     * @see #withIgnoreHeaderCase(boolean)
+     * @since 1.3
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withIgnoreHeaderCase() {
+<span class="fc" id="L1805">        return 
this.withIgnoreHeaderCase(true);</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with whether header names should be 
accessed ignoring case.
+     *
+     * @param ignoreHeaderCase
+     *            the case mapping behavior, {@code true} to access 
name/values, {@code false} to leave the mapping as
+     *            is.
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that will ignore case header name if specified 
as {@code true}
+     * @since 1.3
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withIgnoreHeaderCase(final boolean ignoreHeaderCase) {
+<span class="fc" id="L1818">        return new CSVFormat(delimiter, 
quoteCharacter, quoteMode, commentMarker, escapeCharacter,</span>
+                ignoreSurroundingSpaces, ignoreEmptyLines, recordSeparator, 
nullString, headerComments, header,
+                skipHeaderRecord, allowMissingColumnNames, ignoreHeaderCase, 
trim, trailingDelimiter, autoFlush);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the trimming behavior of the 
format set to {@code true}.
+     *
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but with the specified 
trimming behavior.
+     * @see #withIgnoreSurroundingSpaces(boolean)
+     * @since 1.1
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withIgnoreSurroundingSpaces() {
+<span class="fc" id="L1831">        return 
this.withIgnoreSurroundingSpaces(true);</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the trimming behavior of the 
format set to the given value.
+     *
+     * @param ignoreSurroundingSpaces
+     *            the trimming behavior, {@code true} to remove the 
surrounding spaces, {@code false} to leave the
+     *            spaces as is.
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but with the specified 
trimming behavior.
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withIgnoreSurroundingSpaces(final boolean 
ignoreSurroundingSpaces) {
+<span class="fc" id="L1843">        return new CSVFormat(delimiter, 
quoteCharacter, quoteMode, commentMarker, escapeCharacter,</span>
+                ignoreSurroundingSpaces, ignoreEmptyLines, recordSeparator, 
nullString, headerComments, header,
+                skipHeaderRecord, allowMissingColumnNames, ignoreHeaderCase, 
trim, trailingDelimiter, autoFlush);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with conversions to and from null for 
strings on input and output.
+     * &lt;ul&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reading:&lt;/strong&gt; Converts strings equal 
to the given {@code nullString} to {@code null} when reading
+     * records.&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Writing:&lt;/strong&gt; Writes {@code null} as 
the given {@code nullString} when writing records.&lt;/li&gt;
+     * &lt;/ul&gt;
+     *
+     * @param nullString
+     *            the String to convert to and from {@code null}. No 
substitution occurs if {@code null}
+     *
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but with the specified 
null conversion string.
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withNullString(final String nullString) {
+<span class="fc" id="L1862">        return new CSVFormat(delimiter, 
quoteCharacter, quoteMode, commentMarker, escapeCharacter,</span>
+                ignoreSurroundingSpaces, ignoreEmptyLines, recordSeparator, 
nullString, headerComments, header,
+                skipHeaderRecord, allowMissingColumnNames, ignoreHeaderCase, 
trim, trailingDelimiter, autoFlush);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the quoteChar of the format set to 
the specified character.
+     *
+     * @param quoteChar
+     *            the quoteChar character
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but with the specified 
character as quoteChar
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
+     *             thrown if the specified character is a line break
+     */
+    public CSVFormat withQuote(final char quoteChar) {
+<span class="fc" id="L1877">        return 
withQuote(Character.valueOf(quoteChar));</span>
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new {@code CSVFormat} with the quoteChar of the format set to 
the specified character.
+     *
+     * @param quoteChar
+     *            the quoteChar character, use {@code null} to disable
+     * @return A new CSVFormat that is equal to this but with the specified 
character as quoteChar
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
+     *             thrown if the specified character is a line break
+     */

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