Hello,

This is a follow on for issue 8139
<https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues/8139>.  I propose adding elementwise
addition and subtraction functionality to einsum.  I love einsum as it
clearly and concisely defines complex linear algebra.  However elementwise
addition is a very common linear algebra operation and einsum does not
currently support it.  The Einstein field equations
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein_field_equations#Mathematical_form>,
what the notation was originally developed to document, contain that
functionality.  It is fairly common in stress analysis (my background), for
example see these lectures notes
<http://www.brown.edu/Departments/Engineering/Courses/En221/Notes/Index_notation/Index_notation.htm>
.

Specifically I propose adding "+" and "-" characters which separate current
einsum statements which are then combined elementwise.  An example is A =
np.einsum('ij,jk+ij,jk', B, C, D, E), which is A = B * C + D * E.  I wrote
a crude function
<https://github.com/mattharrigan/numpy/blob/einsum-elementwise/numpy/core/einsum_extension.py>
to demonstrate the functionality.

I believe the functionality is useful, in keeping with the spirit of a
clean concise API, and doesn't break the existing API, which could warrant
acceptance.

Additionally I believe it opens the possibility of many interesting
performance optimizations.  For instance, many of the optimizations in this
NEP <http://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/neps/deferred-ufunc-evaluation.html>
could be done internally to the einsum function, which may be easier to
accomplish given the narrower scope (but I am ignorant of all the low level
C internals of numpy).  The example in the beginning could become A =
np.einsum('...+...+...', B, C, D).

Thank you for your time and consideration.
Matt
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