Since some are posting links to various articles, I'll add this from complexity.
http://us4.campaign-archive2.com/?u=0eb0ac9b4e8565f2967a8304b&id=8a63841671#mctoc5 You can see that there are articles (which I haven't reviewed) on such issues as Top-Down Causation and the Rise of Information in the Emergence of Life Complexity and Dynamical Depth (an interesting chart) The Logic of the Physics of Information Cities as Complex Adaptive Systems (now - that's fascinating!)
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