I did some research on this, and found a nice Win32 list of STATUS_
error values.  Looking at the list, I think the non-exit() return values
are much larger than just the second high bit.

I am proposing the attached patch, which basically has all system()
return values < 0x100 as exit() calls, and everything above that as a
signal exits.  I also think it is too risky to backpatch to 8.2.X.

Also, should we print Win32 WTERMSIG() values as hex because they are so
large?  I have added that to the patch.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

ITAGAKI Takahiro wrote:
> 
> Tom Lane <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> >     server process exited with exit code -1073741819
> > from what I suspect is really the equivalent of a SIGSEGV trap,
> > ie, attempted access to already-deallocated memory.  My calculator
> > says the above is equivalent to hex C0000005, and I say that this
> > makes it pretty clear that *some* parts of Windows put flag bits into
> > the process exit code.  Anyone want to run down what we should really
> > be using instead of the above macros?
> 
> C0000005 equals to EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION. The value returned by
> GetExceptionCode() seems to be the exit code in unhandeled exception cases.
> 
> AFAICS, all EXCEPTION_xxx (or STATUS_xxx) values are defined as 0xCxxxxxxx.
> I think we can use the second high bit to distinguish exit by exception
> from normal exits.
> 
> #define WEXITSTATUS(w)  ((int) ((w) & 0x40000000))
> #define WIFEXITED(w)    ((w) & 0x40000000) == 0)
> #define WIFSIGNALED(w)  ((w) & 0x40000000) != 0)
> #define WTERMSIG(w)     (w) // or ((w) & 0x3FFFFFFF)
> 
> However, it comes from reverse engineering of the headers of Windows.
> I cannot find any official documentation.
> 
> Regards,
> ---
> ITAGAKI Takahiro
> NTT Open Source Software Center
> 
> 
> 
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> 
>                http://www.postgresql.org/docs/faq

-- 
  Bruce Momjian   [EMAIL PROTECTED]
  EnterpriseDB    http://www.enterprisedb.com

  + If your life is a hard drive, Christ can be your backup. +
Index: src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c,v
retrieving revision 1.508
diff -c -c -r1.508 postmaster.c
*** src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c	16 Jan 2007 13:28:56 -0000	1.508
--- src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c	22 Jan 2007 04:51:01 -0000
***************
*** 2426,2432 ****
  		/*------
  		  translator: %s is a noun phrase describing a child process, such as
  		  "server process" */
! 				(errmsg("%s (PID %d) was terminated by signal %d",
  						procname, pid, WTERMSIG(exitstatus))));
  	else
  		ereport(lev,
--- 2426,2432 ----
  		/*------
  		  translator: %s is a noun phrase describing a child process, such as
  		  "server process" */
! 				(errmsg("%s (PID %d) was terminated by signal "PRINTF_SIGNUM,
  						procname, pid, WTERMSIG(exitstatus))));
  	else
  		ereport(lev,
Index: src/include/c.h
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/include/c.h,v
retrieving revision 1.216
diff -c -c -r1.216 c.h
*** src/include/c.h	11 Jan 2007 02:39:52 -0000	1.216
--- src/include/c.h	22 Jan 2007 04:51:02 -0000
***************
*** 788,793 ****
--- 788,800 ----
  #define SIGNAL_ARGS  int postgres_signal_arg
  #endif
  
+ #ifndef WIN32
+ #define PRINTF_SIGNUM	"%d"
+ #else
+ /* Win32 non-exit system() return values are high, see port/win32.h */
+ #define PRINTF_SIGNUM	"%X"
+ #endif
+ 
  /*
   * When there is no sigsetjmp, its functionality is provided by plain
   * setjmp. Incidentally, nothing provides setjmp's functionality in
Index: src/include/port/win32.h
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/include/port/win32.h,v
retrieving revision 1.65
diff -c -c -r1.65 win32.h
*** src/include/port/win32.h	11 Jan 2007 02:42:31 -0000	1.65
--- src/include/port/win32.h	22 Jan 2007 04:51:02 -0000
***************
*** 115,130 ****
  
  /*
   *	Signal stuff
!  *	WIN32 doesn't have wait(), so the return value for children
!  *	is simply the return value specified by the child, without
!  *	any additional information on whether the child terminated
!  *	on its own or via a signal.  These macros are also used
!  *	to interpret the return value of system().
!  */
! #define WEXITSTATUS(w)	(w)
! #define WIFEXITED(w)	(true)
! #define WIFSIGNALED(w)	(false)
! #define WTERMSIG(w)		(0)
  
  #define sigmask(sig) ( 1 << ((sig)-1) )
  
--- 115,134 ----
  
  /*
   *	Signal stuff
!  *	For WIN32, there is no wait() call so there are no wait() macros
!  *	to interpret the return value of system().  Instead, system()
!  *	return values < 0x100 are used for exit() termination, and higher
!  *	values are used to indicated non-exit() termination, which is
!  *	similar to a unix-style signal exit (think SIGSEGV ==
!  *	STATUS_ACCESS_VIOLATION).  See this URL for a list of WIN32 
!  *	STATUS_* values from Wine:
!  *
!  *		http://source.winehq.org/source/include/ntstatus.h
!  */
! #define WIFEXITED(w)    (((w) & 0xffffff00) == 0)
! #define WIFSIGNALED(w)  (!WIFEXITED(w))
! #define WEXITSTATUS(w)  (w)
! #define WTERMSIG(w)     (w)
  
  #define sigmask(sig) ( 1 << ((sig)-1) )
  
Index: src/port/exec.c
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/port/exec.c,v
retrieving revision 1.44
diff -c -c -r1.44 exec.c
*** src/port/exec.c	5 Jan 2007 22:20:02 -0000	1.44
--- src/port/exec.c	22 Jan 2007 04:51:03 -0000
***************
*** 582,588 ****
  		log_error(_("child process exited with exit code %d"),
  				  WEXITSTATUS(exitstatus));
  	else if (WIFSIGNALED(exitstatus))
! 		log_error(_("child process was terminated by signal %d"),
  				  WTERMSIG(exitstatus));
  	else
  		log_error(_("child process exited with unrecognized status %d"),
--- 582,588 ----
  		log_error(_("child process exited with exit code %d"),
  				  WEXITSTATUS(exitstatus));
  	else if (WIFSIGNALED(exitstatus))
! 		log_error(_("child process was terminated by signal "PRINTF_SIGNUM),
  				  WTERMSIG(exitstatus));
  	else
  		log_error(_("child process exited with unrecognized status %d"),
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