[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Roundup Robot]

Roundup Robot added the comment:

New changeset f3d8bb3ffa98 by Stefan Krah in branch '3.5':
Iaaue #25598: Fix memory_hex from #9951 for non-contiguous buffers.
https://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/f3d8bb3ffa98

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Berker Peksag]

Changes by Berker Peksag berker.pek...@gmail.com:


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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Gregory P. Smith]

Gregory P. Smith added the comment:

i missed the hg adds :)

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Gregory P. Smith]

Gregory P. Smith added the comment:

bytes.hex-1.diff looks good, i'll take care of committing this and adding a 
what's new entry.  thanks!

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Roundup Robot]

Roundup Robot added the comment:

New changeset 955a479b31a8 by Gregory P. Smith in branch 'default':
Issue9951: update _hashopenssl and md5module to use _Py_strhex().
https://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/955a479b31a8

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Roundup Robot]

Roundup Robot added the comment:

New changeset c9f1630cf2b1 by Gregory P. Smith in branch 'default':
Implements issue #9951: Adds a hex() method to bytes, bytearray,  memoryview.
https://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/c9f1630cf2b1

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Gregory P. Smith]

Changes by Gregory P. Smith g...@krypto.org:


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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Roundup Robot]

Roundup Robot added the comment:

New changeset 7f0811452d0f by Gregory P. Smith in branch 'default':
Switch binascii over to using the common _Py_strhex implementation for its hex
https://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/7f0811452d0f

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Roundup Robot]

Roundup Robot added the comment:

New changeset a7737204c221 by Gregory P. Smith in branch 'default':
Add the files missing from c9f1630cf2b1 for issue9951.
https://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/a7737204c221

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Gregory P. Smith]

Gregory P. Smith added the comment:

note quite fixed, looks like some of the buildbots are having fun not compiling 
with this change:

http://buildbot.python.org/all/builders/x86%20Tiger%203.x/builds/9569/steps/compile/logs/stdio

investigating...

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Gregory P. Smith]

Changes by Gregory P. Smith g...@krypto.org:


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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Roundup Robot]

Roundup Robot added the comment:

New changeset b46308353ed9 by Gregory P. Smith in branch 'default':
Add missing PyAPI_FUNC macro's to the public functions as other .c files do
https://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/b46308353ed9

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Gregory P. Smith]

Gregory P. Smith added the comment:

I see some _Py_strhex related link errors on the Windows buildbots:

http://buildbot.python.org/all/builders/x86%20Windows7%203.x/builds/9642/steps/compile/logs/stdio

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Nick Coghlan]

Nick Coghlan added the comment:

Thank you Arnon, and thank you Greg!

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Nick Coghlan]

Changes by Nick Coghlan ncogh...@gmail.com:


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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Arnon Yaari]

Arnon Yaari added the comment:

minor updates to stdtypes.rst. I also want to add a line to whatsnew/3.5 but 
don't know how to put it in words - maybe it's better if someone with better 
english will add it.

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[STINNER Victor]

Changes by STINNER Victor victor.stin...@gmail.com:


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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Arnon Yaari]

Changes by Arnon Yaari wiggi...@gmail.com:


Removed file: http://bugs.python.org/file19175/bytes.hex.diff

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Arnon Yaari]

Arnon Yaari added the comment:

I added the implementation for memoryview, updated to use PyUnicode_New etc., 
and moved the common implementation to its own file for code reuse.

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Arnon Yaari]

Changes by Arnon Yaari wiggi...@gmail.com:


Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file38961/bytes.hex.diff

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Arnon Yaari]

Changes by Arnon Yaari wiggi...@gmail.com:


Removed file: http://bugs.python.org/file38947/bytes.hex.diff

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Nick Coghlan]

Nick Coghlan added the comment:

Arnon is here at the PyCon 2015 sprints, so bringing the current status up to 
date:

= Why *.hex()? =

* That's the name in PEP 358
* That's the name of the comparable float method

= Why add it to the builtin types? =

* To provide One Obvious Way To Do It, rather than the current 5 (or so) 
non-obvious ways listed above
* That's what PEP 358 proposed

= Why postpone configurability and str.format() integration? =

* Because these are more complex questions that can be left out of the minimum 
useful feature of new methods on the builtins and hence have been moved out to 
issue 22385 (which depends on this issue, and would likely require a PEP to 
resolve all the technical details)

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Arnon Yaari]

Changes by Arnon Yaari wiggi...@gmail.com:


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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Ethan Furman]

Changes by Ethan Furman et...@stoneleaf.us:


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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Nick Coghlan]

Nick Coghlan added the comment:

Updated issue title to indicate proposal also covers bytearray and memoryview.

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title: introduce bytes.hex method - introduce bytes.hex method (also for 
bytearray and memoryview)

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method (also for bytearray and memoryview)

[Barry A. Warsaw]

Changes by Barry A. Warsaw ba...@python.org:


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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Chris Lasher]

Chris Lasher added the comment:

int has int.from_bytes and int.to_bytes.

Currently, bytes has bytes.fromhex. Would the core developers please consider 
naming the method bytes.tohex instead of bytes.hex, so there's at least a 
modicum of consistency in the method names of Python's builtin types?

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Marc-Andre Lemburg]

Marc-Andre Lemburg added the comment:

On 11.09.2014 01:04, Nick Coghlan wrote:
 
 Nick Coghlan added the comment:
 
 Just as a recap of at least some of the *current* ways to do a bytes - hex 
 conversion:
 
 import codecs
 codecs.encode(babc, hex)
 b'616263'
 import binascii
 binascii.hexlify(babc)
 b'616263'
 import base64
 base64.b16encode(babc)
 b'616263'
 hex(int.from_bytes(babc, big))
 '0x616263'
 hex(int.from_bytes(babc, little))
 '0x636261'
 
 Thus, the underlying purpose of this proposal is to provide a single more 
 obvious way to do it. As per the recent discussion on python-ideas, the 
 point where that is most useful is in debugging output.
 
 However, rather than a new method on bytes/bytearray/memoryview for this, I 
 instead suggest it would be appropriate to extend the default handling of the 
 x and X format characters to accept arbitrary bytes-like objects. The 
 processing of these characters would be as follows:
 
 x: display a-f as lowercase digits
 X: display A-F as uppercase digits
 #: includes 0x prefix
 .precision: chunks output, placing a space after every precision bytes
 ,: uses a comma as the separator, rather than a space

Hmm, but those would then work for str.format() as well, right ?

Since x and X are already used to convert numbers to hex
representation, opening these up for bytes sounds like it could
easily mask TypeErrors for cases where you really want an integer
to be formatted as hex and not bytes.

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Chris Lasher]

Changes by Chris Lasher chris.las...@gmail.com:


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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[STINNER Victor]

STINNER Victor added the comment:

New features cannot be added to Python 2 anymore, only to the current 
development version which is now Python 3.5.

If new methods are added to bytes, they should be added to bytearray too. Maybe 
we should also consider add them to memoryview? memoryview has already a 
.bytes() method and can be casted to type B (array of integers in range 
0..255).

The float type has .hex() and .fromhex() methods. We should kepe these names to 
stay consistent. Which kind of output do you prefer? 0xHH 0xHH ..., HH HH HH 
... or HH...? Do you want to add parameters to choose the format?

Current binascii format:

 binascii.hexlify('abc')
'616263'

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Terry J. Reedy]

Terry J. Reedy added the comment:

To answer Serhiy, the goal is to have a bytes method that represents bytes as 
bytes rather than as a mixture of bytes and encoded ascii characters. This 
would aid people who work with bytes that are not encoded ascii and that do not 
embed encoded ascii. It should not be necessary to import anything.  

 hex(int.from_bytes(b'abc', 'big'))
'0x616263'
is a bit baroque and produces a hex representation of an int, not of multiple 
bytes.

I think following the float precedent is a good idea.
 float.fromhex(1.5.hex())
1.5
 float.fromhex('0x1.8p+0').hex()
'0x1.8p+0'

The output of bytes.hex should be one that is accepted by bytes.fromhex, which 
is to say, hex 'digit' pairs. Spaces are optionally allowed between pairs. I 
would add a 'spaces' parameter, defaulting to False. to output spaces when set 
to true.  (Or possible reverse the default  -- what do potential users think?)

A possible altermative for the parameter could be form='' (default), form=' ' 
(add spaces), and form='x' to add '\x' prefixes.  I don't know that adding '\x' 
would be useful. The prefixes are not accepted by .fromhex.

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[HCT]

HCT added the comment:

@Victor

binascii.hexlify('abc') doesn't work in 3.4. I assume this is a new thing for 
3.5

 import binascii
 binascii.hexlify('abc')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File stdin, line 1, in module
TypeError: 'str' does not support the buffer interface

 binascii.hexlify(b'abc')
b'616263'


@Terry
I think that space shouldn't be done by the hex function. if you allow space 
between each hex, then what do you do if the bytes are actually from array of 
64-bit ints? getting into support separating space for every X bytes is 
probably not the scope of this.


I propose the hex functions for bytes/memoryview/bytearray should be as follow. 
I prefer to not have the '0x' prefix at all, but I understand all other hex 
functions adds it. would be good to have the option to not have the prefix.

bytes.hex( byte_order = sys.byteorder ) returns a hex string in small letter. 
ex. c0ffee

bytes.HEX( byte_order = sys.byteorder ) returns a hex string in capital 
letters. ex. DEADBEEF

bytes.from_hex( hex_str, byte_order = sys.byteorder ) returns a bytes object. 
ex. b'\xFE\xFF'


another more flexible way is to have hex function accept a format similar to 
how sscanf works, but this will probably bring lots of trouble for all kinds of 
variants to support and the required error checks.

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Nick Coghlan]

Nick Coghlan added the comment:

Just as a recap of at least some of the *current* ways to do a bytes - hex 
conversion:

 import codecs
 codecs.encode(babc, hex)
b'616263'
 import binascii
 binascii.hexlify(babc)
b'616263'
 import base64
 base64.b16encode(babc)
b'616263'
 hex(int.from_bytes(babc, big))
'0x616263'
 hex(int.from_bytes(babc, little))
'0x636261'

Thus, the underlying purpose of this proposal is to provide a single more 
obvious way to do it. As per the recent discussion on python-ideas, the point 
where that is most useful is in debugging output.

However, rather than a new method on bytes/bytearray/memoryview for this, I 
instead suggest it would be appropriate to extend the default handling of the 
x and X format characters to accept arbitrary bytes-like objects. The 
processing of these characters would be as follows:

x: display a-f as lowercase digits
X: display A-F as uppercase digits
#: includes 0x prefix
.precision: chunks output, placing a space after every precision bytes
,: uses a comma as the separator, rather than a space

Output order would match binascii.hexlify()

Examples:

format(bxyz, x) - '78797a'
format(bxyz, X) - '78797A'
format(bxyz, #x) - '0x78797a'

format(bxyz, .1x) - '78 79 7a'
format(babcdwxyz, .4x) - '61626364 7778797a'
format(babcdwxyz, #.4x) - '0x61626364 0x7778797a'

format(bxyz, ,.1x) - '78,79,7a'
format(babcdwxyz, ,.4x) - '61626364,7778797a'
format(babcdwxyz, #,.4x) - '0x61626364,0x7778797a'

This approach makes it easy to inspect binary data, with the ability to inject 
regular spaces or commas to improved readability. Those are the basic features 
needed to support debugging.

Anything more complicated than that, and we're starting to want something more 
like the struct module.

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Terry J. Reedy]

Terry J. Reedy added the comment:

The proposal is to add a .hex method (similar to binascii.hexlify) that is the 
inverse of .fromhex (similar to binascii.unhexlify), as originally specified in 
PEP 358.
http://legacy.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0358/
The object has a .hex() method that does the reverse [of .frombytes]
bytes([92, 83, 80, 255]).hex()
   '5c5350ff'

If we add .hex, I think we should stick with this: no 0x or \x prefix. 

To aid debugging, I would change spaces to be None or a positive int n to 
insert a space every n bytes.  So .hex(8) for an array of 64 bit ints.

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[HCT]

HCT added the comment:

@Terry

natural bytes do not have space between them. I would think adding space is for 
typesetting situation which should be done by user's post-processing.

I agree to not have any prefix to make .hex and from_hex uniform. the \x is the 
str representation of bytes when you print a bytes object directly in Python. 
the actual bytes object doesn't have that \x prefix.

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Nick Coghlan]

Nick Coghlan added the comment:

Good point Terry - I split the proposal to support bytes-like objects for 'x' 
and 'X' in string formatting out to issue 22385.

For bytes.hex, I'm inclined to stick with the dirt simple option described in 
PEP 358: the exact behaviour of the current binascii.hexlify().

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Nick Coghlan]

Nick Coghlan added the comment:

Open question: the current patch adds bytes.hex() and bytearray.hex(). Should 
we also add memoryview.hex(), or split that suggestion out to a separate 
proposal?

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Mark Lawrence]

Mark Lawrence added the comment:

I'd say add memoryview.hex() here as everything seems related.  Victor has also 
mentioned memoryview in msg226692.

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[HCT]

HCT added the comment:

would be good if we can specify a optional flag to get all cap hex. currently, 
I have to do hexlify( some_bytes ).decode( 'UTF-8' ).upper(). would be good to 
be able to do some_bytes.hex( upper=1 )

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Arfrever Frehtes Taifersar Arahesis]

Changes by Arfrever Frehtes Taifersar Arahesis arfrever@gmail.com:


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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Georg Brandl]

Georg Brandl added the comment:

Blasphemous question: why not give bytes a __hex__ method? Then you could use 
hex() to convert them :)

The patch is outdated; it should not use PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE, but 
PyUnicode_New(..., 127) and then PyUnicode_1BYTE_DATA to get the char array.

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Christian Heimes]

Christian Heimes added the comment:

I like to see the feature in 3.4, too.

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Antoine Pitrou]

Antoine Pitrou added the comment:

If it's the reverse of fromhex(), perhaps we should call it tohex()?

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Christian Heimes]

Christian Heimes added the comment:

Funny thing. I was searching for tohex when I found this ticket.

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Serhiy Storchaka]

Changes by Serhiy Storchaka storch...@gmail.com:


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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Arnon Yaari]

Arnon Yaari added the comment:

You can follow the discussion I linked in the ticket description for an answer:
http://psf.upfronthosting.co.za/roundup/tracker/issue3532
Mainly the answer is: to conform to PEP 358 and to provide the opposite of 
bytes.fromhex.
I agree that you can use binascii, but apparently it was decided that this 
functionality is good to have in the builtins (what used to be 
encode/decode('hex') in Python 2.x, and what is now bytes.fromhex, with the 
missing bytes.hex). In addition, binascii works a little differently - already 
discussed in the given link...

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Arnon Yaari]

Arnon Yaari added the comment:

Hi, is there any chance to get this merged? This ticket has been open for 
almost 3 years...

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Serhiy Storchaka]

Serhiy Storchaka added the comment:

There are several ways to do this: base64.b16encode, binascii.a2b_hex, 
hex(int.from_bytes(...)), etc. Why you need yet one?

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Terry J. Reedy]

Terry J. Reedy added the comment:

Also #3532

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Martin Panter]

Changes by Martin Panter vadmium...@gmail.com:


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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Raymond Hettinger]

Raymond Hettinger raymond.hettin...@gmail.com added the comment:

See also: issue11756

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Arnon Yaari]

Changes by Arnon Yaari wiggi...@gmail.com:


Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file19175/bytes.hex.diff

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Arnon Yaari]

Changes by Arnon Yaari wiggi...@gmail.com:


Removed file: http://bugs.python.org/file19018/bytes.hex.diff

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Arnon Yaari]

Arnon Yaari wiggi...@gmail.com added the comment:

fixed to Py_UNICODE

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Benjamin Peterson]

Changes by Benjamin Peterson benja...@python.org:


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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Nick Coghlan]

Changes by Nick Coghlan ncogh...@gmail.com:


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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Nick Coghlan]

Nick Coghlan ncogh...@gmail.com added the comment:

Patch generally looks good, but the type of retbuf is incorrect (should be 
Py_UNICODE* rather than wchar_t*).

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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Éric Araujo]

Changes by Éric Araujo mer...@netwok.org:


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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Antoine Pitrou]

Changes by Antoine Pitrou pit...@free.fr:


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[issue9951] introduce bytes.hex method

[Arnon Yaari]

New submission from Arnon Yaari wiggi...@gmail.com:

Following up on these discussions:
http://psf.upfronthosting.co.za/roundup/tracker/issue3532
http://www.gossamer-threads.com/lists/python/dev/863892

I'm submitting a patch to add bytes.hex method in accordance to PEP 358.
The code was taken from binascii so it should be tested.
Also added bytearray.hex and fixed the documentation and testing.

There are additional things to discuss, for example:
* multiple and different implementations of tohex\fromhex - in binascii, 
sha1module, bytes, bytearray...
* binascii's functions which perform the same thing, but those functions and 
the rest of binascii's functions receive and return wrong types. I would fix 
this but it breaks compatibility.

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components: Interpreter Core
files: bytes.hex.diff
keywords: patch
messages: 117397
nosy: wiggin15
priority: normal
severity: normal
status: open
title: introduce bytes.hex method
type: feature request
versions: Python 3.2
Added file: http://bugs.python.org/file19018/bytes.hex.diff

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