Re: generating unique variable name via loops
On Tue, 04 Nov 2014 05:53:04 -0800, Fatih Güven wrote: Call employee1.name or employee2.salary and assign it to a new variable, something etc. 1) Put the file into a database. 2) database calls -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Classes
On Mon, 03 Nov 2014 06:29:39 +, Dan Sommers wrote: On Mon, 03 Nov 2014 03:12:32 +, Denis McMahon wrote: Quadrilateral Parallelogram Square Rectangle Rhombus Diamond (4 sides eq) Trapezoid Arrowhead What's the difference between a Diamond and a Rhombus? Oops, I was thinking a rhombus was a general parallelogram, my mistake. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Classes
On Sat, 01 Nov 2014 12:42:10 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: OK Maybe I misunderstood the question. My answer to you then is ..I don't know. I will have to think about it some more. The question (I thought) was to write a class for Square that inherited a class Rectangle but imposed on it the additional constraints of a square over a rectangle, namely that length == width. To do this, you need to override the inherited methods to set length and width with new methods to set length and width as follows: when setting length, also set width equal to length. when setting width, also set length equal to width. For bonus points, if your constructor accepts width and length parameters (from the Rectangle constructor) then detect if they are different and raise a suitable error. from math import sqrt class SquareGeometryError(Exception): The parameters create an illegal geometry for a square pass class Rectangle: def __init__(self,length,width): self.length=length self.width=width def area(self): return self.length*self.width def perimeter(self): return 2*self.length+2*self.width def diagonal(self): return sqrt(self.length*self.length+self.width*self.width) def get_width(self): return self.width def get_length(self): return self.length def set_width(self, width): self.width = width def set_length(self, length): self.length = length class Square(Rectangle): _def _init__(self, length, width): if not length == width: raise SquareGeometryError(Length must equal width) self.length = length # or width self.width = length # or width def set_width(self, width): self.length = width self.width = width def set_length(self, length): self.length = length self.width = length Note that to make my square, I only need to over-ride those rectangle methods which allow the setting of length and width to enforce squareness upon the square. All the other methods of rectangle will work equally well for the square. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Classes
On Sun, 02 Nov 2014 21:32:13 +1100, Tim Delaney wrote: On 2 November 2014 20:50, Denis McMahon denismfmcma...@gmail.com wrote: The question (I thought) was to write a class for Square that inherited a class Rectangle but imposed on it the additional constraints of a square over a rectangle, namely that length == width. I'm late to the party and this has already been partially addressed in the thread, but it always annoys me. A square is as much a rhombus with 90 degree angles as it is a rectangle with equal length and width, and yet I *never* see the former given as an option. If course, that's probably because rectangles have a multitude of uses for user interfaces, whilst other quadrilaterals are somewhat less useful. And perhaps that also addresses the square - rectangle (or circle - ellipse) issue - square, rectangle and rhombus are all forms of quadrilateral, and perhaps should all inherit a base class Quadrilateral, rather than trying (and partially failing) to inherit each other. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Classes
On Sun, 02 Nov 2014 11:31:12 -0500, Dennis Lee Bieber wrote: On Sun, 2 Nov 2014 12:27:06 + (UTC), Denis McMahon denismfmcma...@gmail.com declaimed the following: On Sun, 02 Nov 2014 21:32:13 +1100, Tim Delaney wrote: If course, that's probably because rectangles have a multitude of uses for user interfaces, whilst other quadrilaterals are somewhat less useful. And perhaps that also addresses the square - rectangle (or circle - ellipse) issue - square, rectangle and rhombus are all forms of quadrilateral, and perhaps should all inherit a base class Quadrilateral, rather than trying (and partially failing) to inherit each other. I'd class them as parallelograms -- as they differ from a trapezoid in that opposite faces are parallel... Not to mention arrow heads where two adjacent sides actually bend inwards. So: Quadrilateral Parallelogram Square Rectangle Rhombus Diamond (4 sides eq) Trapezoid Arrowhead Is an arrowhead a trapezoid? -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python Style Question
On Fri, 31 Oct 2014 09:48:10 +1100, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
MRAB wrote:
How about:
int(str(obj).strip(''))
Absolutely not.
obj = '1\n\n\n\n' # not valid JSON load_int(obj)
= raises ValueError int(str(obj).strip(''))
= wrongly returns 1
How about
#!/usr/bin/python
import re, json
l = [1, -1, 0, '+2', '2', '-2', '0', '+3', '3', '-3', '0',
json.dumps(-4), json.dumps(4), json.dumps(0),
'x', 'sqjklsqjk__', (5, 6),
7.7, -7.7, '8.8', '+8.8', '-8.8', '9.9', '+9.9', '-9.9']
patt1 = re.compile(r'^([-+]?\d+)$')
patt2 = re.compile(r'^([-+]?\d+)$')
def getTheInt(x):
if isinstance(x,int):
return x
if isinstance(x,str):
tmp = patt1.match(x)
if tmp:
return int(tmp.group(1))
tmp = patt2.match(x)
if tmp:
return int(tmp.group(1))
return None
a = []
for n in l:
a.append(getTheInt(n))
print a
# end of code
prints:
[1, -1, 0, 2, 2, -2, 0, 3, 3, -3, 0, -4, 4, 0, None, None, None, None,
None, None, None, None, None, None, None]
I know re matching the strings may be overkill, but it may be the best
way of checking that the string contains the expected character format to
convert to an int.
--
Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com
--
https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Anyone know the solution
On Mon, 27 Oct 2014 08:10:04 -0700, emmanueloje wrote: Write a program ... Hey dudester I coded a solution for you, you can get it here: http://www.sined.co.uk/tmp/names.py.txt Make sure you leave all the comments in so your instructor realises how much effort you went in to in researching how to code this. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: A bug?
On Tue, 28 Oct 2014 01:29:28 +, Joshua Landau wrote: On 28 October 2014 00:36, Denis McMahon denismfmcma...@gmail.com wrote: d = [[list(range(1,13))[i*3+j] for j in range(3)] for i in range(4)] A quick note. Ranges (even 2.7's xrange) are all indexable. The cast to a list isn't needed. Until you apply Chris' slicing trick, and then: [list(range(1,13))[i*3:i*3+3] for i in range(4)] [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9], [10, 11, 12]] [range(1,13)[i*3:i*3+3] for i in range(4)] [range(1, 4), range(4, 7), range(7, 10), range(10, 13)] Depends how important it is that you get a list and not a range object ;) (Thinking back to a recent discussion where someone was taking str(range (x)) and not getting the expected results) -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: memory, PE files, etc...
On Mon, 27 Oct 2014 10:16:43 -0700, kiuhnm03 wrote: I'd like to write one or more scripts that analyze processes in memory on Windows 7. I used to do these things in C++ by using native Win32 API calls. How should I proceed in python? Any pointers? This seems to be a very common request. Does anyone know why? -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Anyone know the solution
On Mon, 27 Oct 2014 08:10:04 -0700, emmanueloje wrote: Write a program that reads the contents of the two files into two separate lists. Yep, know how to do that The user should be able to enter a boy's name, a girl's name or both Yep, know how to do that and the application will display messages indicating whether the names were among the most popular. Nope, not sure how to do that, please define the algorithm for determining a most popular name Determining if the name is in either of the lists is easy, know how to do that, but I'm not sure from your problem description if that's your definition of a most popular name or not. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: A bug?
On Mon, 27 Oct 2014 09:01:57 -0700, uma...@gmail.com wrote: I use python 3.4.0 version. In the course of developing / running a python program, I have encountered a problem. I have reproduced below a simple program to bring it out. d = [[0]*3]*4 dd = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12] for i in range(4): ... for j in range(3): d[i][j] = dd[i*3+j] ... d [[10, 11, 12], [10, 11, 12], [10, 11, 12], [10, 11, 12]] d is not transferred to dd as expected? Of course I can use 'append' do my job (less elegantly though). Not sure if this is elegant or not: d = [[list(range(1,13))[i*3+j] for j in range(3)] for i in range(4)] but it seems to be a one-line solution for what you're trying to do. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: id == vs is
On Sun, 26 Oct 2014 17:12:29 -0700, Dan Stromberg wrote: Are the following two expressions the same? x is y Id(x) == id(y) No, although if Id and id were the same function, they might be equivalent in some cases. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists
On Sat, 25 Oct 2014 15:01:54 +, Grant Edwards wrote: On 2014-10-24, Denis McMahon denismfmcma...@gmail.com wrote: On Fri, 24 Oct 2014 10:38:31 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: Thanks everyone for your suggestions. Try loading the following in codeskulptor: http://www.codeskulptor.org/#user38_j6kGKgeOMr_0.py No. I wasn't replying to you, I was replying to S4H. We[1] aren't intested in whatever Python-like language is implemented in codeskulptor. However S4H may be, and one thing I can be sure is that if I give him a cs url, he will at least be running the exact same python code I typed in the same python environment, and hence I know what results he should see, namely the same ones I saw. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists
On Fri, 24 Oct 2014 20:15:02 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: On Wed, 22 Oct 2014 16:30:37 -0400, Seymore4Head Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid wrote: name=012 name is a string of 3 characters b=list(range(3)) b is a list of 3 numbers print (name[1]) name[1] is the string 1 print (b[1]) b[1] is the number 1 if name[1] == b[1]: print (Eureka!) This didn't happen else: print (OK, I get it) This happened -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists
On Fri, 24 Oct 2014 10:38:31 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: I tried list(range(10) This is missing a ) It probably sat there waiting for you to finish the line. list(range(10)) You have two ( in the line, you need two ) to match them. I thought that would work in Python 3. It didn't. It does if you enter it properly. also try: str(list(range(10))) Note that that has three ( and three ) on the line. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists
On Fri, 24 Oct 2014 14:15:13 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: I do understand that. 7 is a number and 7 is a string. What my question was...and still is...is why Python 3 fails when I try using y=1 800 get charter y in range str(range(10)) should work because y is a string and str(range(10)) should be y in str(1) fails. It doesn't give an error it's just not True when y is a number. This is because str(range(10)) does not do what you think it does. In python 2.x, str(range(10)) creates a string representation of the complete list, not a list of the string representation of the separate list elements. '[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]' In python 3.x, str(range(10)) creates a string representation of the list object. 'range(0, 10)' the only single digit strings in the python3 representation are 0 and 1 To recreate the python2 behaviour in python 3, use: str(list(range(10))) which gives '[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]' howver the test: if x.isdigit(): is much better. But finally, with your telephone number decoder, look at: http://www.codeskulptor.org/#user38_QnR06Upp4AH6h0Q.py -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists
On Fri, 24 Oct 2014 10:38:31 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: Thanks everyone for your suggestions. Try loading the following in codeskulptor: http://www.codeskulptor.org/#user38_j6kGKgeOMr_0.py -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists
On Fri, 24 Oct 2014 15:07:06 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: On Fri, 24 Oct 2014 19:40:39 +0100, Mark Lawrence breamore...@yahoo.co.uk wrote: On 24/10/2014 19:20, Seymore4Head wrote: I meant to type: if y in range(1,10) doesn't work. Sigh Sorry How many more times, state what you expect to happen and what actually happens. doesn't work is useless. Please read this http://sscce.org/ Good suggestion. OK how is this? It doesn't print what I expect. Does it print what you expect? name=123-xyz-abc for x in name: if x in range(10): print (Range,(x)) if x in str(range(10)): print (String range,(x)) http://i.imgur.com/EGKUpAb.jpg I suspect you're discovering the difference between the python2 and python3 range() functions, and what happens when you encapsulate them in string. I've already posted about this once this evening. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists
On Fri, 24 Oct 2014 17:35:34 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: But finally, with your telephone number decoder, look at: http://www.codeskulptor.org/#user38_QnR06Upp4AH6h0Q.py That is much cleaner than mine. Nice. I did make one more change to mine that makes it easier to read. I changed treating all -() With a space. I am still thinking about how to treat the large space if it is a digit instead: 1 800 555 Note that my decoder assumes anything other than a letter can be copied straight to the output string. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists
On Fri, 24 Oct 2014 16:58:00 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: I make lots of typing mistakes. It is not that. Did you see the short example I posted? name=123-xyz-abc for x in name: if x in range(10): print (Range,(x)) if x in str(range(10)): print (String range,(x)) It doesn't throw an error but it doesn't print what you would expect. It prints exactly what I expect. Try the following: print(str(range(10)), type(str(range(10 print(str(list(range(10))), type(str(listr(range(10) In python 3, str(x) just wraps x up and puts it in a string. range(x) generates an iterable range object. hence str(range(10)) is a string telling you that range(10) is an iterable range object with certain boundaries. However, list(iterable) expands the iterable to the full list of possible values, so str(list(range(10))) is a string representation of the list containing the values that the iterable range(10) creates. Note that whether you're looking at a string representation of a value or the value itself is a lot clearer in the interpreter console where strings are displayed with quotes. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists
On Fri, 24 Oct 2014 18:58:04 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: On Wed, 22 Oct 2014 16:30:37 -0400, Seymore4Head Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid wrote: OK, assuming you tried to run this in python3, not python2 or codeskulptor. name=123-xyz-abc a=range(10) a is an iterable object giving the numbers 0 through 9 b=list(range(10)) b is an list containing the numbers 0 through 9 c=str(list(range(10))) c is an string representation of a list containing the numbers 0 through 9 print (a,(a)) print (b,(b)) print (c,(c)) for x in name: ^ x is a string representing one character in name if x in a: print (a,(x)) here you are looking for a string x amongst the numbers yielded by an iterable if x in b: print (b,(x)) here you are comparing a string x with the elements of a list of numbers if x in c: print (c,(x)) here you are comparing a string x with the characters in a string representation of a list of numbers B is type list and C is type str. I guess I am still a little too thick. I would expect b and c to work. http://i.imgur.com/dT3sEQq.jpg a is the range object: range(0, 9) b is the list: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] c is the string: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] When you try and compare a character x eg 8 with the numbers yielded by the iterable a, none of them match because character 8 is not the same as number 8 When you try and compare a character x eg 8 with the elements of the list b, none of them match because character 8 is not the same as number 8 When you try and compare a character x eg 8 with the string representation of the list b, you get a match of x 8 to the 25th character of string c which is also 8. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists
On Wed, 22 Oct 2014 18:30:17 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: One more question. if y in str(range(10) Why doesn't that work. I commented it out and just did it long hand In the last post I made, I suggested to you the mechanisms of using the python console and using code which prints out variables after every line. Try the following 3 commands at the console: 10 range(10) str(range(10)) 10 is just the number 10 range(10) is a list of 10 integers in the sequence 0 to 9 str(range(10)) is? Please stop the stab in the dark trial and error coding followed by the plaintive why doesn't it work wailing, and put some effort into reading and understanding the manuals. If a function doesn't do what you expect with the input you think you've given it, there is invariably one of three causes: a) The input you actually gave it isn't the input you thought you gave it b) You didn't read the description of the function, and it doesn't in fact do what you thought c) Both a and b above -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists
On Wed, 22 Oct 2014 19:11:51 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: On Wed, 22 Oct 2014 22:43:14 + (UTC), Denis McMahon denismfmcma...@gmail.com wrote: On Wed, 22 Oct 2014 16:30:37 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: def nametonumber(name): lst=[] for x,y in enumerate (name): lst=lst.append(y) print (lst) return (lst) a=[1-800-getcharter] print (nametonumber(a))#18004382427837 The syntax for when to use a () and when to use [] still throws me a curve. For now, I am trying to end up with a list that has each character in a as a single item. I get: None None First of all, an empty list is created with: emptylist = [] whereas x = [] creates a list containing one element, that element being an empty string. Not the same thing! Did you try stepping through your code line by line in the interpreter to see what happened at each step? note that append is a method of a list object, it has no return value, the original list is modified in place. l = [a,b,c] # declare a list l.append( d ) # use the append method l # show the list ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] So your line: lst = lst.append(y) should be: lst.append(y) Finally, did you really intend to pass a single element list into the function, or did you intend to pass a string into the function? Those string errors were desperate attempts to fix the append error I didn't understand. If you don't understand the error, that is the point that you should ask for help, rather than make stab in the dark attempts to fix it and then asking why the solutions don't work. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists
On Thu, 23 Oct 2014 10:04:56 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: On Thu, 23 Oct 2014 09:15:16 + (UTC), Denis McMahon denismfmcma...@gmail.com wrote: Try the following 3 commands at the console: You obviously didn't, so I'll try again. Try each of the following three commands in the python console at the prompt. 1) 10 2) range(10) 3) str(range(10)) Show *and* describe the output in each case. Describing the output that you see is actually the key here, as it will allow us to assess whether you understand what you are actually seeing or not, and if you don't understand the output you see in the console, then we need to fix that very fundamental and basic issue before moving on to more complex stuff! Ok Thanks You were expected to answer the question in the original. I have now set it as a clearer and more specific task. If you're not going to do these things that are intended to help you learn some of the basic features of the language, then I and everyone else here that has so far been attempting to help you are wasting our time. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists
On Thu, 23 Oct 2014 16:25:28 +0200, giacomo boffi wrote: Rustom Mody rustompm...@gmail.com writes: [As best as I can make out the OP is not using the standalone interpreter nor idle nor (the many options like) python-interpreter-inside-emacs nor ipython nor ... but CodeSkulptor http://www.codeskulptor.org/] CodeSkulptor has been mentioned recently by S4H, and he had explained why he uses CodeSkulptor, but I cannot remember anything of the explanation... CodeSkulptor is a tool used by a group of instructors at RICE to teach an on-line python programming course in a web browser environment. It may be a python IDE and interpreter implemented in HTML, CSS and javascript, I'm not sure. IO is handled by a package called simplegui, and I believe there's a wrapper for tkinter that presents simplegui if you want to run code written for codeskulptor outside of the codeskulptor environment. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Truthiness
On Thu, 23 Oct 2014 16:47:27 +0200, Alain Ketterlin wrote: says: In the context of Boolean operations, and also when expressions are used by control flow statements, the following values are interpreted as false: False, None, numeric zero of all types, and empty strings and containers (including strings, tuples, lists, dictionaries, sets and frozensets). All other values are interpreted as true. Yep, and I expect this to bite S4H shortly, when he can't understand why the following are not all of the same truthiness: 0 (falsey - numeric 0) [] (falsey - empty set) (falsey - empty string) [] (truthy - non empty set) [0] (truthy - non empty set) -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists
On Wed, 22 Oct 2014 16:30:37 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: def nametonumber(name): lst=[] for x,y in enumerate (name): lst=lst.append(y) print (lst) return (lst) a=[1-800-getcharter] print (nametonumber(a))#18004382427837 The syntax for when to use a () and when to use [] still throws me a curve. For now, I am trying to end up with a list that has each character in a as a single item. I get: None None First of all, an empty list is created with: emptylist = [] whereas x = [] creates a list containing one element, that element being an empty string. Not the same thing! Did you try stepping through your code line by line in the interpreter to see what happened at each step? note that append is a method of a list object, it has no return value, the original list is modified in place. l = [a,b,c] # declare a list l.append( d ) # use the append method l # show the list ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] So your line: lst = lst.append(y) should be: lst.append(y) Finally, did you really intend to pass a single element list into the function, or did you intend to pass a string into the function? There is a difference between: a=[1-800-getcharter] which creates a single element list, the one element is the string 1-800- getcharter, and: a=1-800-getcharter which creates a string variable with the value 1-800-getcharter when you pass a list containing a string to your function, enumerate will look at each list element, so if your list contains one string, enumerate will return the pair 0, the_string, so the string gets appended to your empty list as a single item. The code I think you wanted to write is as follows: def nametonumber(name): lst=[] for x,y in enumerate(name): lst.append(y) return lst a=1-800-getcharter print ( nametonumber(a) ) I suggests that you study very carefully the differences between this and your original code until you understand the reason and effect of every difference, as only by doing so will you discover the misconceptions which you seem to be operating under, and until you can get some of those straightened out, you're not going to make a lot of progress. Try running the original code and my suggested alternative line by line in the interpreter, and examining the state of relevant variables after each line of execution. Here's a code file with both your original code and my modified code with comprehensive print statements inserted for debugging. By referencing the debugging statements back to the code, you should be able to determine exactly where in your original code the value of none comes from. ### code starts print ( original code ) def nametonumber(name): print (a) name =, name) lst=[] print ( b) lst = , lst ) for x,y in enumerate (name): print ( c) x = , x, ; y = , y, ; lst = , lst ) lst=lst.append(y) print ( d) lst = , lst ) print (lst) return (lst) a=[1-800-getcharter] print ( e) a = , a ) print (nametonumber(a)) print ( modified code ) def nametonumber2(name): print (f) name =, name) lst=[] print ( g) lst = , lst ) for x,y in enumerate(name): print ( h) x = , x, ; y = , y, ; lst = , lst ) lst.append(y) print ( i) lst = , lst ) return lst a=1-800-getcharter print ( j) a = , a ) print ( nametonumber2(a) ) ### code ends If you run the above code exactly as it is, you should see in the output how the enumeration reacts according to the different data it is given to enumerate, and also where lst is assigned the value none. As I said above, getting your head round why this is happening is essential, and I really do suggest that you slow down and try and understand these basic concepts, because at the moment it seems you are striving to attempt more and more complicated things without understanding the basics upon which they are constructed, and like many other similar newsgroups, it's been my experience in the past that there is limited tolerance here for people who repeatedly make the same basic errors without learning from them. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Building lists
On Mon, 20 Oct 2014 20:40:18 +0100, MRAB wrote:
There are a number of stores, so that would be a list of stores. For
each store you want the price of each item, so that would be a dict
where the key is the item and the value is the price of that item. That
means it would be a list of dicts.
Does that help?
It think it would be a dict of dicts:
shopping = { store1 : { item1: price1, item2: price2, ... },
store2 : { item3: price3, item4: price4, ... }, ... }
--
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Re: Building lists
On Mon, 20 Oct 2014 15:49:15 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote:
For starters I would like to know if you can make a single item list and
then turn it into a 2 item list. Is there a command for that?
Yes, it's called assignment. You can for example change a member of a
list from an string to a tuple such as ( string, number ):
x = [ fred, jim, susan ]
x[x.index(jim)] = ( jim, 11, )
print x
['fred', ('jim', 11), 'susan']
Do you have to know the number of items the list will have before making
it?
No. See the append() method of the list object.
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Re: How to select every other line from a text file?
On Mon, 13 Oct 2014 10:38:48 -0700, Rff wrote: I have a text file. Now it is required to select every other line of that text to generate a new text file. I have read through Python grammar, but still lack the idea at the beginning of the task. Could you tell me some methods to get this? So this could be written as an algorithm something like: 1/ open the input file 2/ open the output file 3/ while there are lines to read from the input file 3/1/ read a line from the input file 3/2/ if I should output this line 3/2/1/ write line to output file 4/ close the input file 5/ close the output file Or in several other ways, and once you have an algorithm, you can start coding it (or implementing it in the programming language of your choice, whichever form of words best pleases your perfesser). -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: what is wrong with this script and how do I get the value in a php script
On Sun, 12 Oct 2014 07:24:52 -0700, martijnperdaan wrote: what is wrong with this script and how do I get the value Rij1 and Rij2 and Rij3 and Rij4 and Rij5 and Rij6 in a php script I can see several pythonic errors in your script, however as for what is wrong, I see no indication from you of what you expect it to do, what output you expect, what error messages you get when you try and run it etc. Perhaps a better subject would have been how to read gpio on raspberry pi It also helps if you can reduce your code example to the minimum needed to demonstrate the error. In this case, I would suggest that once you can read one input correctly, you should be able to expand that code to read all inputs. The code below might help (uses 2.x style print): import RPi.GPIO as GPIO GPIO.setmode(mode) GPIO.setup(17, GPIO.IN) if GPIO.input(17) == GPIO.HIGH: print True else: print False -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: while loop - multiple condition
On Sun, 12 Oct 2014 17:08:00 +, Shiva wrote: while ans.lower() != 'yes' or ans.lower()[0] != 'y': while ans.lower() is not equal to yes or ans.lower()[0] is not equal to y the loop will continue to run Note that if ans.lower() == 'y', then the first clause ( ans.lower() != 'yes' ) is true, so the loop will continue to run, ignoring the result of the second clause ( ans.lower()[0] != 'y' ), This will also be the case if you reverse the order of the clauses. It seems that you need a better understanding of combinatorial logic, perhaps http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Projects/Labview/boolalgebra/ index.html#booleantheorems will help. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Hi Guys... Reading XML using Jython code
On Thu, 09 Oct 2014 05:30:21 -0700, Venugopal Reddy wrote: XML parsing using Jython.. In my XML file , One main node is there and Multiple child tags are there. But In Child tags , same name repeated twice (like subject tag repeated twice) Please help me on this Normally, when pulling data from an xml document, you'll get a collection of some sort: Are you trying to select every subject of every child, the first subject of every child, the last subject of every child, or some nth subject of every child? You may need to go back to your specification code and look again at how you're specifying which node(s) you want to select. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Practice question
On Sun, 05 Oct 2014 19:02:31 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: For the record, I don't want a hint. I want the answer. I see a practice question is similar to this. 15 = x 30 And it wants a similar expression that is equivalent. I think part of the problem here is that you don't understand the expression. The expression: 15 = x 30 contains two conditions: 15 = x x 30 For the whole expression to be true, both conditions must be true, hence the equivalence is: (15 = x) and (x 30) to test this in python command line, see if the two different expressions give the same result for a suitable range of values of x: for x in range(50): if not (15 = x 30) == ((15 = x) and (x 30)): print discrepancy or for x in range(50): if (15 = x 30) == ((15 = x) and (x 30)): print ok -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Looking for volunteers developing wsgi Webmailer Application!
On Sat, 04 Oct 2014 17:52:18 +0200, Tamer Higazi wrote: I am planing to develop on longer time a n open source Webmailer written in Python (not 2.7.x) with: Because the world really needs another webmailer spamengine. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Issue in printing top 20 dictionary items by dictionary value
On Sat, 04 Oct 2014 09:11:43 +, Shiva wrote: I have written a function that -reads a file -splits the words and stores it in a dictionary as word(key) and the total count of word in file (value). I want to print the words with top 20 occurrences in the file in reverse order - but can't figure it out. Here is my function: Once you've generated your dictionary, use a list comprehension to turn it into a list of tuples of ( word, count ). Sort the list of tuples according to the count element. Select the top 20. copy it to a new list and reverse that list. now loop through the second list and print results. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Function passed as an argument returns none
On Wed, 01 Oct 2014 22:37:13 +, Shiva wrote:
Hi,
I am learning Python (version 3.4) strings.I have a function that takes
in a parameter and prints it out as given below.
def donuts(count):
if count = 5:
print('Number of donuts: ',count)
else:
print('Number of donuts: many') return
It works fine if I call donuts(5)
It returns:
No it doesn't
we have 5 DN (as expected)
It doesn't return anything, it prints something out.
Printing something out from within a function is not the same as
returning something.
Consider the following::
def nonsense( something ):
print( something is, something )
return ( 5, elephants, { monkey: peanut, baboon:
banana, numbers: ( 1, ), }, [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
mouse,( -6.34565e-35, 4.765213e84, ), ],
None, True, False, )
print( nonsense( 10 ) is, nonsense( 10 ) )
print( nonsense( None ) is, nonsense( None ) )
print( nonsense( ( 5, \donuts\, ) ) is, nonsense( ( 5, donuts, ) ) )
The above code shows there is no automatic connection between data output
carried out within a function and the value (if any) returned by that
function.
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Re: Storage Cost Calculation
On Sun, 28 Sep 2014 20:07:31 +, Duncan Booth wrote: Later on the B+ had 64k of RAM and the B+128 had 128k of RAM and in each case the additional RAM was paged in as necessary but I don't think the RAM in the B was ever expandable. You could get various expansions to page multiple roms, I had a machine at one point with 15 multiple internally and a zif socket on top. I think there was a board that sat across the 4 paged ROM sockets which then had a cable to another board with 16 sockets on it, and one of the 16 sockets came through the case in a ZIF. Aries or Dabs or Watford Electronics I expect. I also remember soldering switches to TEAC drives from RS to make them 40 / 80 track switchable. Duncan, your name looks mighty familiar . Do you know a Judith? -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to write a html to automatically display the dictionary?
On Tue, 23 Sep 2014 09:53:40 -0700, Tobiah wrote: On 09/23/2014 07:18 AM, luofeiyu wrote: how can i create the following html f3 /td /tr No tr here? td 1 ... td 3 /td tr What is the above tr doing there? /tr /table [code] Although your solution will produce valid html, it doesn't produce the specified output. ;) -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to write a html to automatically display the dictionary?
On Tue, 23 Sep 2014 17:34:53 +, John Gordon wrote:
In mailman.14262.1411481932.18130.python-l...@python.org luofeiyu
elearn2...@gmail.com writes:
x={'f1':1,'f2':2,'f3':3}
how can i create the following html file automatically with python to
display x ?
You might want to use something other than a dictionary, as the order
isn't guaranteed.
Assuming you want them in order of the key field:
from string import *
x={'f1':1,'f2':2,'f3':3}
y = [ (a,x[a]) for a in x.keys() ]
y.sort( cmp=lambda a,b: cmp(a[0],b[0]) )
table = ( table\n +
\n.join([tr\n +
\n.join([td{}/td.format(z[i]) for z in y]) +
\n/tr for i in range(len(y[0]))]) +
\n/table )
print table
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ANN: Lea 1.3.1 released
Lea, discrete probability distributions in Python = I have the pleasure to announce the release of Lea 1.3.1. NEW: Lea now runs on Python 3 (and still on Python 2.x) ! Lea is a Python package that allows you to define and play with discrete probability distributions in an intuitive way. Lea can model a broad range of random discrete phenomenons. Then, it allows calculating probabilities of events, whether atomic, aggregated or combined through operations. A typical example is the probabilities of the sum of N dice having known, possibly unfair, probability distributions. Download (PyPi) === http://pypi.python.org/pypi/lea http://pypi.python.org/pypi/lea Project page / documentation http://code.google.com/p/lea/ http://code.google.com/p/lea/ Features - models finite discrete probability distributions - standard distribution indicators (mean, standard deviation,.) - arithmetic and logical operators on probability distribution - cartesian products, conditional probabilities, joint distributions - generation of random samples - open-source project, LGPL license - runs on Python 2.x and 3.x - pure Python module, lightweight - no package dependency - probabilities stored as rationals (no floating-point biases) Hoping Lea could be helpful in this uncertain universe... Pierre Denis -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations/
Re: face detection
On Mon, 22 Sep 2014 15:29:58 +0530, narayan naik wrote: good evening sir, I am doing my M.Tech project on face detection,I am confused with the face detection algorithm,can you please tell me the simple and best algorithm. http://www.lmgtfy.com/?q=best+face+detection+algorithm+python -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: find the error
On Fri, 12 Sep 2014 22:47:57 -0700, daoudimca wrote: Dear friends when i used import urllib, re, sys symbol = sys.argv[1] this function is show -- symbol = sys.argv[1] IndexError: list index out of range kindly find the solution of this You are trying to reference more elements than your list contains. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: My backwards logic
On Fri, 05 Sep 2014 12:48:56 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: But, what this instructions want printed is This is a prime number So how to I use this code logic NOT print (not prime) and have the logic print This number is prime This is an algorithmic question, not a python question, so the answer is to write out the steps you would follow to determine that a number is prime, and then write that code. Note also that when searching for factors of a number n, and starting at 2, you can generally stop at somewhere around n/3, as the only possible factor of n greater than n/2 is n, and 2 is probably the first value you tested. This can speed things up. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I have tried and errored a reasonable amount of times
On Wed, 03 Sep 2014 07:16:34 +, Steven D'Aprano wrote: Who uses + for disjunction (∨ OR) and concatenation for conjunction (∧ AND)? That's crazy notation. The way I was taught it in the mid 1980s, a.b === a and b, a+b === a or b. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: I have tried and errored a reasonable amount of times
On Thu, 04 Sep 2014 21:42:56 +1000, Chris Angelico wrote: On Thu, Sep 4, 2014 at 9:17 PM, Denis McMahon denismfmcma...@gmail.com wrote: On Wed, 03 Sep 2014 07:16:34 +, Steven D'Aprano wrote: Who uses + for disjunction (∨ OR) and concatenation for conjunction (∧ AND)? That's crazy notation. The way I was taught it in the mid 1980s, a.b === a and b, a+b === a or b. The middle dot is another notation for multiplication, as is abuttal (not actually concatenation, in this context). So they're all saying the same thing: boolean 'and' is multiplication, boolean 'or' is addition. Yes Chris, I know that. I was responding to Stephen's statement that using + for or was crazy notation, and pointing out that 30 years ago, that's what UK colleges were teaching! -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python is going to be hard
On Wed, 03 Sep 2014 14:10:42 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: import math import random import sys b=[] steve = [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89] for x in steve: print (steve[x]) Traceback (most recent call last): File C:\Functions\blank.py, line 7, in module print (steve[x]) IndexError: list index out of range x is the value, not the index Try: steve = [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89] for x in steve: print (x) or if you want to use the index: for x in range(len(steve)): print (steve[x]) -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Storing instances using jsonpickle
On Thu, 04 Sep 2014 00:39:07 +0100, MRAB wrote: It would add tuples, delimited by (...), which are not used otherwise (no expressions): I guess and () are both unused as delims by json at present. I like the idea of other key types than string. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: error while writing program to send mail.
On Tue, 02 Sep 2014 05:05:41 +0530, Om Prakash wrote: fp = open(message, 'rb') message here is a string literal fp.close should be fp.close() msg['Subject'] = 'The contents of $s' % message message here is a variable. The variable named message has not previously had a value assigned to it. $s should be %s If you want the subject to be the filename, then what you need to do is: 1) assign the filename to some variable 2) open the file using the variable that contains the filename 3) use the variable that contains the filename to generate the subject eg (assuming suitable imports etc) and the message is in a text file called message.txt: msgfile = message.txt fp = open( msgfile, r ) msg = MIMEText(fp.read()) fp.close() msg['Subject'] = 'The contents of %s' % msgfile -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python code to distinguish between data having, 2 different formats, in a given cell(MS Excel).
On Sat, 23 Aug 2014 11:56:29 -0700, Ed Joz wrote: Please suggest a sample python code. while program result not correct: fix program Note - we are not here to write your code for you, but we will try and help you develop your own code to do what you want. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Distinguishing attribute name from varible name to make codes clear and definite
On Thu, 21 Aug 2014 22:13:32 +0800, luofeiyu wrote: I feel that self.x and x will be confused in the following codes. Then don't call them self.x and x, call them self.internal_x and param_x, or any other pair of different names. You are the one who chooses what names to use in your code. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Very basic question. How do I start again?
On Thu, 21 Aug 2014 21:37:22 -0400, Seymore4Head wrote: I want to give the computer 100 tries to guess a random number between 1 and 100 picked by the computer. For the moment I am always using 37 as the random pick. I want to change the pick to pick=random.randrange(1,100). The program works as expected until the computer gets a correct guess. I don't know what I should be doing to restart the program when pick=guess. It is supposed to let the computer pick a number between 1 and 100 and then let the computer guess the answer. If the computer picks a low number the next guess is supposed to be limited to higher numbers than the guess. If the computer picks a high number, the next guess is supposed to be limited to lower numbers than the first guess. The program fails when guess=pick import random count = 1 #Start the counter at 1 low=1 # the low range of 1 to 10 high=100 #The high range of 1 to 100 pick = 37 # Will change to pick=random.randrange(1,100) guess = 0 #Guess is the computer's guess at pick print (Time to play a guessing game.) print () while count 100: guess = random.randrange(low,high) print (pick, guess) if guess == pick: print (correct) #What I need is something here that says start over elif guess pick: low=guess+1 print (Too low) elif guess pick: high=guess-1 print (Too high) count = count +1 (I can see where adding a 25 then 10 increment later would speed up the guessing) Write the problem out in basic english terms, then translate these to the program. The english might look like this (laid out in a pythonic manner): while I want to play a game: choose a number guess the answer tries = 1 while guess != choice: guess another answer tries = tries + 1 print it took + tries + attempts to guess + choice This simplification doesn't take the calculation of ranges into account, but that's part of guess the/another answer. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to look up historical time zones by date and location
On Tue, 19 Aug 2014 10:25:58 -0600, Ian Kelly wrote: We might be able to be more helpful if you would be more clear about what problem it is that you are trying to solve. Are you trying, for a given point on the Earth, to determine what nautical time zone it falls into, or some other natural time zone, or its LMT offset, or something else? For any of those cases, I think the Olson database of *legal* time zones is not going to be very useful. It would probably be better to obtain the longitude and do the calculation yourself. Agreed, if OP wishes to insist that time is defined solely by longitude, then his best bet is to look up the longitude of the point in question on google maps and calculate his UTC time zone offset from that at 240 seconds of time per degree longitude. But Urumqi seems to be almost 83 seconds wide in astronomical time terms, so does he want West Urumqi time, Central Urumqi time or East Urumqi time? -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Collaps arrays/ list of intergers
On Tue, 19 Aug 2014 05:54:24 -0700, Jurgens de Bruin wrote: I do hope somebody can help me with the following: I have the followings lists which represent the upper and lower value of a range/array. a = [1,50] b = [75,150] c = [25,42] d = [120,149] e = [35,55] I think you're starting off with the wrong data model. I think you should be starting with is a list of either tuples or lists, eg: [(1,50),(75,150),(25,42),(120,149),(35,55)] and looking to output another list of tuples or lists, eg: [(1,55),(75,150)] I have a solution, but I don't consider it particularly elegant. :( -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to look up historical time zones by date and location
On Mon, 18 Aug 2014 12:55:59 +0800, luofeiyu wrote: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/time+zone time zone Any of the 24 divisions of the Earth's surface used to determine the local time for any given locality. Each zone is roughly 15° of longitude in width, with local variations for economic and political convenience. Local time is one hour ahead for each time zone as one travels east and one hour behind for each time zone as one travels west. Urumqi 's localtime is beijin time ,it is decided by law . Urumqi 's timezone is east 6 ,it is decided by geography. There is only one localtime in all over the chian,beijin time,but there are 5 timezone time in china . you are totally wrong ,not me . The Oxford Dictionaries ( http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/ english/zone?q=timezone#zone__8 ) definition of zone includes: (also time zone) A range of longitudes where a common standard time is used. freedictionary has a very broad definition of time zone and is probably slightly less authoritative on the definition of English words than the Oxford University Press. Most timezones may even be roughly 15 degrees in longitude in width, but this is not binding, and it is not unusual to find other widths applied. In the case of China, the Chinese government has determined that the whole country operates on Beijing Time, so the time zone *FOR ALL OF CHINA* is that of Beijing. The astronomical time[1] in Urumqi may not match the time zone, however the time zone is Beijing Time. [1] I consider astronomical noon for any point as being when the sun is at zenith, ie overhead of the longitude of the point[2]. [2] Yes, I realise this means that it's always noon, and midnight, and everything else at the poles, I just have to live with that. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Unicode in cgi-script with apache2
On Fri, 15 Aug 2014 20:10:25 +0200, Dominique Ramaekers wrote: #!/usr/bin/env python3 print(Content-Type: text/html) print(Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate)# HTTP/1.1 print(Expires: Sat, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT) # Date in the past print() f = open(/var/www/cgi-data/index.html, r) for line in f: print(line,end='') If I run the script in the terminal, it nicely prints the webpage 'index.html'. If access the script through a webbrowser, apache gives an error: UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc3 in position 1791: ordinal not in range(128) Is this a message appearing in the apache error log or in the browser? If it is appearing in the browser, this is probably apache passing through a python error message. Is this the complete error message? What happens when you try and access http://[server]/cgi-data/index.html directly in a web browser? You may need to copy the file to a different directory to do this depending on the apache configuration. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Unicode in cgi-script with apache2
On Sun, 17 Aug 2014 00:36:14 +0200, Dominique Ramaekers wrote: What seems to be the problem: My Script was ok. I know this because in the terminal I got my expected output. Python3 uses UTF-8 coding as a standard. The problem is, when python 'prints' to the apache interface, it translates the string to ascii. (Why, I never found an answer). Is the apache server running on a linux or a windows platform? The problem may not be python, it may be the underlying OS. I wonder if apache is spawning a process for python though, and if so whether it is in some way constraining the character set available to stdout of the spawned process. From your other message, the error appears to be a python error on reading the input file. For some reason python seems to be trying to interpret the file it is reading as ascii. I wonder if specifying the binary data parameter and / or utf-8 encoding when opening the file might help. eg: f = open( /var/www/cgi-data/index.html, rb ) f = open( /var/www/cgi-data/index.html, rb, encoding=utf-8 ) f = open( /var/www/cgi-data/index.html, r, encoding=utf-8 ) I've managed to drive down a bit further in the problem: print() goes to sys.stdout This is part of what the docs say about sys.stdout: The character encoding is platform-dependent. Under Windows, if the stream is interactive (that is, if its isatty() method returns True), the console codepage is used, otherwise the ANSI code page. Under other platforms, the locale encoding is used (see locale.getpreferredencoding ()). Under all platforms though, you can override this value by setting the PYTHONIOENCODING environment variable before starting Python. At this point, details of the OS become very significant. If your server is running on a windows platform you may need to figure out how to make apache set the PYTHONIOENCODING environment variable to utf-8 (or whatever else is appropriate) before calling the python script. I believe that the following line in your httpd.conf may have the required effect. SetEnv PYTHONIOENCODING utf-8 Of course, if the file is not encoded as utf-8, but rather something else, then use that as the encoding in the above suggestions. If the server is not running windows, then I'm not sure where the problem might be. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: timedelta problem
On Fri, 15 Aug 2014 10:24:47 +0800, luofeiyu wrote:
On further inspection, it seems that strptime() in 2.7 doesn't handle %z
at all. In 3.2, it ignores the value it gets, because there's no
practical way to select the right tz string from the offset.
For example, a dictionary of offset minutes to tzstrings looks something
like this:
{
-720: ['BIT'],
-660: ['NUT', 'SST'],
-600: ['CKT', 'HAST', 'HST', 'TAHT'],
-570: ['MART', 'MIT'],
-540: ['AKST', 'GAMT', 'GIT', 'HADT'],
-480: ['AKDT', 'CIST', 'PST'],
-420: ['MST', 'PDT'],
-360: ['CST', 'EAST', 'GALT', 'MDT'],
-300: ['CDT', 'COT', 'CST', 'EASST', 'ECT', 'EST', 'PET'],
-270: ['VET'],
-240: ['AMT', 'AST', 'BOT', 'CDT', 'CLT', 'COST', 'ECT', 'EDT', 'FKT',
'GYT', 'PYT'],
-210: ['NST', 'NT'],
-180: ['ADT', 'AMST', 'ART', 'BRT', 'CLST', 'FKST', 'FKST', 'GFT', 'PMST',
'PYST', 'ROTT', 'SRT', 'UYT'],
-150: ['NDT'],
-120: ['FNT', 'GST', 'PMDT', 'UYST'],
-60: ['AZOST', 'CVT', 'EGT'],
0: ['GMT', 'UCT', 'UTC', 'WET', 'Z', 'EGST'],
60: ['BST', 'CET', 'DFT', 'IST', 'MET', 'WAT', 'WEDT', 'WEST'],
120: ['CAT', 'CEDT', 'CEST', 'EET', 'HAEC', 'IST', 'MEST', 'SAST',
'WAST'],
180: ['AST', 'EAT', 'EEDT', 'EEST', 'FET', 'IDT', 'IOT', 'SYOT'],
210: ['IRST'],
240: ['AMT', 'AZT', 'GET', 'GST', 'MSK', 'MUT', 'RET', 'SAMT', 'SCT',
'VOLT'],
270: ['AFT', 'IRDT'],
300: ['AMST', 'HMT', 'MAWT', 'MVT', 'ORAT', 'PKT', 'TFT', 'TJT', 'TMT',
'UZT'],
330: ['IST', 'SLST'],
345: ['NPT'],
360: ['BIOT', 'BST', 'BTT', 'KGT', 'VOST', 'YEKT'],
390: ['CCT', 'MMT', 'MST'],
420: ['CXT', 'DAVT', 'HOVT', 'ICT', 'KRAT', 'OMST', 'THA', 'WIT'],
480: ['ACT', 'AWST', 'BDT', 'CHOT', 'CIT', 'CST', 'CT', 'HKT', 'MST',
'MYT', 'PST', 'SGT', 'SST', 'ULAT', 'WST'],
525: ['CWST'],
540: ['AWDT', 'EIT', 'IRKT', 'JST', 'KST', 'TLT'],
570: ['ACST', 'CST'],
600: ['AEST', 'CHUT', 'DDUT', 'EST', 'PGT', 'VLAT', 'YAKT'],
630: ['ACDT', 'CST', 'LHST'],
660: ['AEDT', 'KOST', 'LHST', 'MIST', 'NCT', 'PONT', 'SAKT', 'SBT',
'VUT'],
690: ['NFT'],
720: ['FJT', 'GILT', 'MAGT', 'MHT', 'NZST', 'PETT', 'TVT', 'WAKT'],
765: ['CHAST']
780: ['NZDT', 'PHOT', 'TKT', 'TOT'],
825: ['CHADT'],
840: ['LINT'],
}
I've patched my 2.7 to set a tz string of UTC[+-] from the [+-]
%z value.
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--
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Re: timedelta problem
On Fri, 15 Aug 2014 07:39:23 +, Denis McMahon wrote: I've patched my 2.7 to set a tz string of UTC[+-] from the [+-] %z value. ... but that doesn't do much, because time.struct_time in 2.7 doesn't recognise anything that strptime passes in as a tz at all, as it expects the dst flag in that position and seems to have no concept of tz at all. So in 2.7 you can probably forget any question of reading in tz info with datetime.strptime(). See another reply to the OP regarding Python 3.2 -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: timedelta problem
On Fri, 15 Aug 2014 10:24:47 +0800, luofeiyu wrote: problem : t1 is GMT time 2014 00:36:46 t2 is GMT time 2014 14:36:46 datetime.datetime.strptime do not give me the right answer. As far as I can tell from running the following, it all seems to work as expected in python 3.2 (and hence I expect in 3.4). If the expected output doesn't match yours, it would be interesting to see what your output is. If the expected output does match yours, and you think it's wrong, it would be interesting to know which bits you think are wrong and why you think they are wrong, because having a fair bit of the night looking at this, it all looks good to me. #!/usr/bin/python3 from datetime import tzinfo, timedelta, datetime, timezone # define timedelta based timezones UTCm7 = timezone(timedelta(0,-7*3600),UTC-07:00) UTCp7 = timezone(timedelta(0,+7*3600),UTC+07:00) UTC = timezone(timedelta(0),UTC+00:00) # some timestrings t1 = 'Sat, 09 Aug 2014 07:36:46 -0700' t2 = 'Sat, 09 Aug 2014 07:36:46 +0700' t3 = 'Sat, 09 Aug 2014 07:36:46 +' # make some datetime objects # these are both utc -7 a1 = datetime.strptime(t1,%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z) b1 = datetime(2014, 8, 9, 7, 36, 46, tzinfo = UTCm7) # these are both utc +7 a2 = datetime.strptime(t2,%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z) b2 = datetime(2014, 8, 9, 7, 36, 46, tzinfo = UTCp7) # these are both utc a3 = datetime.strptime(t3,%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z) b3 = datetime(2014, 8, 9, 7, 36, 46, tzinfo = UTC) # print them out as stored print( UTC -7: ) print( t1 ) print( a1 ) print( b1 ) print( UTC +7: ) print( t2 ) print( a2 ) print( b2 ) print( UTC: ) print( t3 ) print( a3 ) print( b3 ) # print them out converted to UTC print( UTC -7 as UTC: ) print( a1.astimezone( UTC ) ) print( b1.astimezone( UTC ) ) print( UTC +7 as UTC: ) print( a2.astimezone( UTC ) ) print( b2.astimezone( UTC ) ) print( UTC as UTC: ) print( a3.astimezone( UTC ) ) print( b3.astimezone( UTC ) ) # expected output UTC -7: Sat, 09 Aug 2014 07:36:46 -0700 2014-08-09 07:36:46-07:00 2014-08-09 07:36:46-07:00 UTC +7: Sat, 09 Aug 2014 07:36:46 +0700 2014-08-09 07:36:46+07:00 2014-08-09 07:36:46+07:00 UTC: Sat, 09 Aug 2014 07:36:46 + 2014-08-09 07:36:46+00:00 2014-08-09 07:36:46+00:00 UTC -7 as UTC: 2014-08-09 14:36:46+00:00 2014-08-09 14:36:46+00:00 UTC +7 as UTC: 2014-08-09 00:36:46+00:00 2014-08-09 00:36:46+00:00 UTC as UTC: 2014-08-09 07:36:46+00:00 2014-08-09 07:36:46+00:00 -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to change the time string into number?
On Thu, 14 Aug 2014 14:52:17 +0800, luofeiyu wrote: in the manual https://docs.python.org/3.4/library/time.html %zTime zone offset indicating a positive or negative time difference from UTC/GMT of the form +HHMM or -HHMM, where H represents decimal hour digits and M represents decimal minute digits [-23:59, +23:59]. %ZTime zone name (no characters if no time zone exists). t1='Sat, 09 Aug 2014 07:36:46 ' time.strptime(t1,%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S ) time.struct_time(tm_year=2014, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=9, tm_hour=7, tm_min=36, tm_sec =46, tm_wday=5, tm_yday=221, tm_isdst=-1) t2='Sat, 09 Aug 2014 07:36:46 -0700' time.strptime(t2,%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z) time.struct_time(tm_year=2014, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=9, tm_hour=7, tm_min=36, tm_sec =46, tm_wday=5, tm_yday=221, tm_isdst=-1) t1 and t2 is different time ,the timezone in t2 is -0700 ,why we get the same result? t3='Sat, 09 Aug 2014 07:36:46 +0400' time.strptime(t3,%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z) time.struct_time(tm_year=2014, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=9, tm_hour=7, tm_min=36, tm_sec =46, tm_wday=5, tm_yday=221, tm_isdst=-1) The Directive %z has no any effect here,what is the matter? Please learn to use usenet properly. Comments go below the text they refer to. What version of python are you using? I know what version of the documentation you are looking at, but as I explained inj an earlier post, the implementation varies between different python versions, and for example python 2.7 strptime seems to completely ignore the %z in the format string, so again, what version of python are you using? To check your python version: $ python import sys sys.version will output something like: '2.7.3 (default, Feb 27 2014, 19:58:35) \n[GCC 4.6.3]' for Python 2.7 or: '3.2.3 (default, Feb 27 2014, 21:31:18) \n[GCC 4.6.3]' for Python 3.2. Again, I stress, we need to know what version of python you are using to help you! Did you run the code I posted? Did you get the same output as me? If you didn't, what was different. If you did get the same output, what do you think is wrong with it? -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: timedelta problem
On Fri, 15 Aug 2014 09:23:02 -0600, Ian Kelly wrote: On Fri, Aug 15, 2014 at 1:39 AM, Denis McMahon denismfmcma...@gmail.com wrote: On Fri, 15 Aug 2014 10:24:47 +0800, luofeiyu wrote: On further inspection, it seems that strptime() in 2.7 doesn't handle %z at all. In 3.2, it ignores the value it gets, because there's no practical way to select the right tz string from the offset. I'm not sure when %z was added, but it's worth noting that it doesn't seem to be documented earlier than 3.3. There may be some confusion because %z is in the table of strftime and strptime format chars on the 2.7.8 docs at https://docs.python.org/2/library/datetime.html#strftime-and-strptime- behavior but I suspect it's only applicable to strftime in that release. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: get the min date from a list
On Thu, 14 Aug 2014 22:10:36 +0800, luofeiyu wrote: I finished it ,but how to make it into more pythonic way such as min (dates, key = converter) 1. If you don't learn to post properly, I'm going to stop trying to help you. 2. To user strptime, you need to have all the time strings in the same format. Your time strings are not all in the same format. 3. Consider the following code which works on python 3.2: #!/usr/bin/python3 from datetime import tzinfo, timedelta, datetime, timezone times=[ 'Sat, 09 Aug 2014 07:36:46 -0700', # rest of array here 'Tue, 05 Aug 2014 01:55:24 +', ] realtimes = [ datetime.strptime( x, %a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z ) for x in times ] realtimes.sort() utctimes = [ x.astimezone(timezone(timedelta(0))) for x in realtimes ] for i in range( len( realtimes ) ): print( realtimes[i], ==, utctimes[i] ) Output is a sorted list of the actual times and the UTC equivalents of all the times in the original list. Note that I had to edit several strings in your times list to ensure they were all in identical format: I added leading 0s to numeric values in some strings, deleted extra spaces in some strings, deleted extraneous information after the tz offset in some strings. When feeding strings to a parsing function such as strptime () it is critically important that the format specifier matches the input data. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Captcha identify
On Wed, 13 Aug 2014 07:39:20 -0400, Eric S. Johansson wrote: you are clear but also missing a really good reason to break captchas. handicapped accessibility. Captchas are a huge barrier to access and in many cases push disabled users away from using a service with captchas. That's as may be, but bozo is not trying to improve handicapped accessibility, he's trying to write a spambot. Please don't use the accessibility concerns surrounding captcha to justify writing spambot software. It doesn't help the accessibility argument to be seen to be pro spambot, in fact if anything it may damage it. I agree that there are more reasons not to use captcha these days than there are to use them, however I still don't advocate helping spambot bastards defeat them. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Captcha identify
On Tue, 12 Aug 2014 18:36:21 -0700, Wesley wrote: I just wanna a general suggestion here in the beginning. OK, the general suggestion is that you take your spambot software, print it out on spiky metal sheets and ram it up your rectum. Why I need to write such program is just having such requirements. Yes, we understand that your spambot requires to decode captcha. We were just telling you in fairly polite terms that you should fuck off because we have no wish to help you. We tried polite, it didn't work, now I'm trying robustness and profanity. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to change the time string into number?
On Thu, 14 Aug 2014 09:46:20 +0800, luofeiyu wrote:
s=Aug
how can i change it into 8 with some python time module?
You don't need a time module for this, just use a dictionary:
months = { Jan : 1, . , Dec: 12 }
num = months[s]
print num
Fill in the rest of the months dictionary yourself, it shouldn't be too
hard.
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Re: timedelta problem
On Fri, 15 Aug 2014 10:24:47 +0800, luofeiyu wrote: import datetime t1='Sat, 09 Aug 2014 07:36:46 -0700' t2='Sat, 09 Aug 2014 07:36:46 +0700' datetime.datetime.strptime(t1,%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z) Are you sure? When I try this I get: ValueError: 'z' is a bad directive in format '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z' datetime.datetime(2014, 8, 9, 7, 36, 46, tzinfo=datetime.timezone(datetime.timedelta(-1, 61200))) And this: AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'timezone' -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Suitable Python code to scrape specific details from web pages.
On Tue, 12 Aug 2014 13:00:30 -0700, Simon Evans wrote: in accessing from the 'Racing Post' on a daily basis. Anyhow, the code Following is some starter code. You will have to look at the output, compare it to the web page, and work out how you want to process it further. Note that I use beautifulsoup and requests. The output is the html for each cell in the table with a line of + characters at the table row breaks. I suggest you look at the beautifulsoup documentation at http://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/bs4/doc/ to work out how you may wish to select which table cells contain data you are interested in and how to extract it. #!/usr/bin/python Program to extract data from racingpost. from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import requests r = requests.get( http://www.racingpost.com/horses2/cards/card.sd? race_id=607466r_date=2014-08-13#raceTabs=sc_ ) if r.status_code == 200: soup = BeautifulSoup( r.content ) table = soup.find( table, id=sc_horseCard ) for row in table.find_all( tr ): for cell in row.find_all( td ): print cell print + else: print HTTP Status, r.status_code -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Captcha identify
On Tue, 12 Aug 2014 00:04:33 -0700, Wesley wrote: These days I got a small task to identify Captcha characters. Several of us code websites. Some of our websites may even use captcha. We use captcha to stop software posting spam to websites. What makes you think we have any inclination to help you defeat captchas? -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Captcha identify
On Wed, 13 Aug 2014 01:06:47 +1000, Chris Angelico wrote: Let me spell it out for you: NO WE WILL NOT do this for you. And if you do it yourself, we will not be happy. Just don't. Chris, I suspect he's a codemonkey in a chinese or similar asian spamhaus. We should probably be thankful that he's so dumb. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python in financial services
On Tue, 12 Aug 2014 00:33:11 -0700, Rustom Mody wrote: Ive been asked to formulate a python course for financial services folk. I wouldn't worry too much about c or c++ interfacing paradigms. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python in financial services
On Tue, 12 Aug 2014 10:48:14 -0700, Rustom Mody wrote: However those folks have thousands of lines of C/C++ which they are porting to python. That begs the question: Why? Seriously, I'd like to know what benefits they expect to achieve by doing so. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Best place to find sample data
On Sat, 26 Jul 2014 06:41:11 -0700, Nicholas Cannon wrote: Hey I need some sample data to test out and do stuff with. When I want sample data I usually write a python script to generate it. Also I am having strange errors with idle when i load a .txt file read it and then print it, idle crashes well kind of freezes. Missing libraries? Bad characters in the text file? Not sure what is wrong here. Also I am having troubles with Numpy and its loadtxt function: ValueError: cannot set an array element with a sequence How about showing us the code concerned, and the text that's being loaded. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Newbie: unexpected indenting error
On Sun, 13 Jul 2014 09:01:12 +0200, Martin S wrote: While coding a rating calculator I am using a for-loop within if-elif-else. When using the for-loop in the first if instance my editor accepts this, but when using the same for-loop within the elif instance it complain about unexpected indent. Like so: def function(x): if rdiff =500: for [do stuff] elif rdiff =410: for ... == unexpected indent [do other stuff] What the...? What am I doing wrong? (hopefully the indents translate; else def, if/elif, for and [dostuff] are indented) You seem to have posted what you believe is an equivalent structure to your code, rather than your actual code. The structure you have posted looks fine, but it's not a runnable snippet that we can actually test. Can you actually reproduce the problem in a single block of code that we can try and run ourselves? For example, if you copy your problem function to a new file and edit the function def line and the code and lines after the for statements as follows, does the problem persist? for rdiff in range( 450, 600, 100 ): if rdiff =500: for i in range( 1, 3 ): print rdiff, i elif rdiff =410: for i in range( 1, 3 ): print i, ridff -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Writing Python File at Specific Interval
On Wed, 09 Jul 2014 07:36:49 -0700, subhabangalore wrote: The code (a basic crawler) would run every morning or evening, on a predefined time. [This part is fine]. In the next part, I am trying to store the daily results to a new file. So what you want to do is store each day's results in a new file, so probably you want to create a filename that looks something like an iso 8601 date. Luckily for you python has this functionality available: https://docs.python.org/2/library/datetime.html#date-objects $ python Python 2.7.3 (default, Feb 27 2014, 19:58:35) [GCC 4.6.3] on linux2 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. from datetime import date fn = date.today().isoformat() + .log print fn 2014-07-10.log quit() $ Once you have a string containing your filename, you might use: fp = open( fn, w ) fp.write( data ) fp.close() -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Saving
On Sun, 06 Jul 2014 23:03:07 +, mrwhackadoo1 wrote: Hi, I’ve been looking forever for this and I cant get it. I need to know how to save my code and save as programs because I write code and I run it but then I cant save it for later. Please help and thank you for your time. Write your code in a file and run them from your command line, instead of entering your programs directly into the interpreter. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Why is regexp not working?
On Fri, 04 Jul 2014 14:27:12 +0200, Florian Lindner wrote: self.regexps = [rit (?Pcoupling_iterations\d+) .* dt complete yes | write-iteration-checkpoint |, rit (?Pit_read_ahead\d+) read ahead My first thought is what is the effect of '|' as the last character in the regex? -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Convert Excel Range into python List
On Tue, 01 Jul 2014 03:51:31 -0700, Jaydeep Patil wrote: How to convert excel range into python list or tuple? show me example http://lmgtfy.com/?q=convert+excel+range+into+python+list+or+tuple This is an example of how to google a programming question. Learn from it! -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python While loop Takes too much time.
On Tue, 01 Jul 2014 14:40:18 +0200, Peter Otten wrote: What I'm trying to tell you: you need to put in some work to identify the culprit... His next question was how do I read a range from excel, please give me an example I gave him an example of using google to search for solutions to his problem. If he can't be bothered to try and solve it himslef, I'm nopt going to write his code for him. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Writing Multiple files at a times
On Mon, 30 Jun 2014 12:23:08 -0700, subhabangalore wrote:
Thank you for your kind suggestion. But I am not being able to sort out,
fp = open( scraped/body{:05d}.htm.format( n ), w )
please suggest.
look up the python manual for string.format() and open() functions.
The line indicated opens a file for write whose name is generated by the
string.format() function by inserting the number N formatted to 5 digits
with leading zeroes into the string scraped/bodyN.htm
It expects you to have a subdir called scraped below the dir you're
executing the code in.
Also, this newsgroup is *NOT* a substitute for reading the manual for
basic python functions and methods.
Finally, if you don't understand basic string and file handling in
python, why on earth are you trying to write code that arguably needs a
level of competence in both? Perhaps as your starter project you should
try something simpler, print hello world is traditional.
To understand the string formatting, try:
print hello {:05d} world.format( 5 )
print hello {:05d} world.format( 50 )
print hello {:05d} world.format( 500 )
print hello {:05d} world.format( 5000 )
print hello {:05d} world.format( 5 )
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Re: Writing Multiple files at a times
On Sun, 29 Jun 2014 10:32:00 -0700, subhabangalore wrote:
I am opening multiple URLs with urllib.open, now one Url has huge html
source files, like that each one has. As these files are read I am
trying to concatenate them and put in one txt file as string.
From this big txt file I am trying to take out each html file body of
each URL and trying to write and store them
OK, let me clarify what I think you said.
First you concatenate all the web pages into a single file.
Then you extract all the page bodies from the single file and save them
as separate files.
This seems a silly way to do things, why don't you just save each html
body section as you receive it?
This sounds like it should be something as simple as:
from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup
import requests
urlList = [
http://something/;,
http://something/;,
http://something/;,
... ]
n = 0
for url in urlList:
r = requests.get( url )
soup = BeautifulSoup( r.content )
body = soup.find( body )
fp = open( scraped/body{:05d}.htm.format( n ), w )
fp.write( body.prettify() )
fp.close
n += 1
will give you:
scraped/body0.htm
scraped/body1.htm
scraped/body2.htm
for as many urls as you have in your url list. (make sure the target
directory exists!)
--
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--
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Re: lists vs. NumPy arrays for sets of dates and strings
On Mon, 09 Jun 2014 12:48:12 -0700, beliavsky wrote:
I am going to read a multivariate time series from a CSV file that looks
like
Date,A,B 2014-01-01,10.0,20.0 2014-01-02,10.1,19.9 ...
The numerical data I will store in a NumPy array, since they are more
convenient to work with than lists of lists. What are the advantages and
disadvantages of storing the symbols [A,B] and dates
[2014-01-01,2014-01-02] as lists vs. NumPy arrays?
You could also use a dictionary of either lists or tuples or even NumPy
arrays keyed on the date.
$ python
Python 2.7.3 (default, Feb 27 2014, 19:58:35)
[GCC 4.6.3] on linux2
Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information.
import numpy
x = {}
y = numpy.array( [0,1] )
x['2014-06-05'] = y
x['2014-06-05']
array([0, 1])
x
{'2014-06-05': array([0, 1])}
x['2014-06-05'][0]
0
x['2014-06-05'][1]
1
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Re: Python 3.2 has some deadly infection
On Sat, 07 Jun 2014 01:50:50 +1000, Chris Angelico wrote: Yes and no. ASCII means two things: ASCII means: American Standard Code for Information Interchange aka ASA Standard X3.4-1963 into the lowest seven bits of a byte, with the high byte left clear. high BIT left clear. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to read a directory path from a txt file
On Mon, 02 Jun 2014 08:13:23 -0700, Samuel Kamau wrote: I have permission issues with my web server. Hacks to fix permissions problems are dangerous. There is probably a better way to fix this issue. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Verify JSON Data
On Mon, 26 May 2014 07:26:20 -0700, gaurangnshah wrote:
Is there any module through which i can verify JSON file like DOM or
Object oriented way. ( i.e. data.key)
Where is the json data coming from? What do you mean by verify?
https://docs.python.org/2/library/json.html#encoders-and-decoders
explains how json object strings get decoded to python data types. A json
object string should at the highest level be either an object or an
array, although the python decoder can also handle strings, numbers and a
few special values.
Are you trying to check that the json string is valid json code (ie json
lint) or are you trying to check that it meets some specific structure,
in which case the only way to verify it is to decode it and check the
structure.
Note that not all valid python structures can be successfully converted
to json objects, for example a python dictionary can have tuples as keys,
but a json object can not have an array as an attribute name. For example:
d = { (1,2,3):'one',('a','b','c'):'two' }
print d
print json.JSONEncoder().encode( d )
Gives a TypeError in the json code keys must be a string
If you have a debian based linux distro, you can get jsonlint with:
sudo apt-get install python-demjson
which provides a command line json syntax checker and formatter.
Otherwise, google json lint, there are several web based tools that seem
to be able to do something similar.
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--
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Re: problems decoding json objects
On Wed, 14 May 2014 10:36:11 +0200, Tamer Higazi wrote:
Hi people!
My JSON String:
from json.decoder import JSONDecoder
myjs =
'{AVName:Tamer,ANName:Higazi,AAnschrift:Bauerngasse,AHausnr:1,APLZ:55116,AOrt:Mainz},
{KontaktTel:[01234,11223344],{ZahlungsArt:0},{ZugangsDaten:
[tamer.hig...@nomail.com,mypass]}'
If I try to decode it, with:
JSD = JSONDecoder()
rsx = JSD.decode(myjs)
I get this error message:
JSD.decode(myjs)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File stdin, line 1, in module
File /usr/lib64/python2.7/json/decoder.py, line 368, in decode
raise ValueError(errmsg(Extra data, s, end, len(s)))
ValueError: Extra data: line 1 column 108 - line 1 column 220 (char 107
- 219)
How do I solve this problem ?!
For any help, thanks
Try doing a manual inspection of your json string. It appears to contain
several objects, but they're not contained within an outer object or an
array. If you want a list of data objects, you need to put [] round them.
If you want them to be dictionary elements, you need to wrap them with {}
and put identifiers in. If you want a single dictionary, you need to
remove most of the { and }.
In addition, one of the objects doesn't appear to be terminated.
{AVName:Tamer,ANName:Higazi,AAnschrift:Bauerngasse,AHausnr:1,APLZ:55116,AOrt:Mainz},
{KontaktTel:[01234,11223344] ** missing '}' ??? ** ,
{ZahlungsArt:0},
{ZugangsDaten:[tamer.hig...@nomail.com,mypass]}
Depending how I correct the json string, I can create different values
for rsx:
(1) a list of 4 dictionaries:
$ ./jsonerr.py
[{u'APLZ': u'55116', u'ANName': u'Higazi', u'AHausnr': u'1', u'AVName':
u'Tamer', u'AAnschrift': u'Bauerngasse', u'AOrt': u'Mainz'},
{u'KontaktTel': [u'01234', u'11223344']}, {u'ZahlungsArt': u'0'},
{u'ZugangsDaten': [u'tamer.hig...@nomail.com', u'mypass']}]
(2) a single dictionary:
$ ./jsonerr.py
{u'APLZ': u'55116', u'KontaktTel': [u'01234', u'11223344'],
u'ZugangsDaten': [u'tamer.hig...@nomail.com', u'mypass'], u'ANName':
u'Higazi', u'AHausnr': u'1', u'AVName': u'Tamer', u'AAnschrift':
u'Bauerngasse', u'AOrt': u'Mainz', u'ZahlungsArt': u'0'}
(3) an object with 4 subsidiary objects:
$ ./jsonerr.py
{u'Misc data': {u'ZahlungsArt': u'0'}, u'Name and Addr': {u'APLZ':
u'55116', u'ANName': u'Higazi', u'AHausnr': u'1', u'AVName': u'Tamer',
u'AAnschrift': u'Bauerngasse', u'AOrt': u'Mainz'}, u'Login info':
{u'ZugangsDaten': [u'tamer.hig...@nomail.com', u'mypass']},
u'Telephones': {u'KontaktTel': [u'01234', u'11223344']}}
but I have no way of knowing which it is you require.
--
Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com
--
https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: A Question about Python
On Tue, 06 May 2014 05:09:25 -0700, doaa eman wrote: I'm a researcher .. Obviously part of your PhD research is going to be whether the citeulike_api 0.1.3dev python package can help you extract the information you want from http://citeulike.org/ We look forwards to seeing your conclusions in this matter. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [Call for Paper - SCOPUS/ISI THOMSON] ICESTI 2014, September 10-13, 2014, Kuta Bali - Indonesia
On Sat, 03 May 2014 06:51:02 -0700, icesti2014editor wrote: sharing best practice in the field of Engineering, Science, and Technology towards sustainable development. The first event of this conference series (ICESTI 2014) will be held in Bali, Indonesia Let's all fly to Bali in the name of sustainability and preserving the planet, and damn the CO2 created by doing so. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Hi. I want to create a script to read a file placed in a remote linux server using python..need help..?
On Fri, 02 May 2014 12:55:18 -0700, Bhawani Singh wrote: I have created the script till here .. import os os.chdir(/var/log) fd = open(t1.txt, r) for line in fd: if re.match((.*)(file1)(.*), line): print line, Output : file1 this script i ran on the linux server, but now i want to run this script from another linux server and get the output displayed there..how can i do that... i tried to use : pexpect but getting no help.. Method a: Go and sit in front of the keyboard on the other linux server, run the script and read the screen. Method b: Use telnet to login to your account on the other server, run the script. To run your script on someone elses machine usually needs you to be able to access their machine somehow. Either you are permitted to do it, in which case you should already know how to do it, or you're not permitted to do it, in which case we're not going to teach you how to do it here. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to get final URL after redirection
On Sun, 27 Apr 2014 22:41:57 +0500, Rana Muhammad Usman wrote: On Sun, Apr 27, 2014 at 8:55 PM, Joel Goldstick joel.goldst...@gmail.comwrote: ranasa...@gmail.com wrote: Hi Nsihant, I need your help, can I get your email address? Huh? His email is in his post On Apr 27, 2014 11:45 AM, Not visible to me, can you tell me please? Get some clues about usenet[see below]. Then you'd be able to see his email address. [1] Don't use google groups to access usenet messages, use an nntp client that talks to real newsservers. [2] Learn not to top post. [3] See 1, 2. [4] see [3] [5] repeat to infinity, referencing previous item each time. pythonically: while isUsingGoogleGroups or isTopPosting: stop_doing_that() -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: python obfuscate
On Thu, 10 Apr 2014 18:29:21 -0700, Wesley wrote: Currently our company wanna release one product developed by python to our customer. But dont's wanna others see the py code. Your business model is fucked. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: the logical operation confused me
On Fri, 11 Apr 2014 07:02:33 +0800, length power wrote: ok or not ok 'ok' ok and not ok 'not ok' why ok or not ok output ok , ok and not ok output not ok ? I believe that: [ (falsey condition) or ]* (first truthy condition) or (any condition) [ or (any condition) ]* will return (first truthy condition) whereas: (truthy condition) and [ (truthy condition) and ]* (last truthy condition) will return (last truthy condition) where [ clause ]* represents an optional clause that may be repeated any number of times, any condition may evaluate falsey or truthy, first and last relate to the position of the condition type in a left to right evaluation sequence. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Latching variables in function
On Tue, 08 Apr 2014 16:09:28 -0400, Grawburg wrote: def button(): pushbutton = 0 button_value = 0 pushbutton=bus.read_byte_data(address,GPIOB) if pushbutton 0: button_value = 1 return button_value Every time your function is called, you start out with button_value of 0. You may need a global variable that starts out as False (or 0), and once flipped to True (or 1) and then stays there: button_value = False # or: button_value = 0 def button(): global button_value pushbutton = bus.read_byte_data( address, GPIOB ) if pushbutton 0: button_value = True # or: button_value = 1 return button_value Also I think I'd probably pass the IO address as a parameter to the button function. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Extracting parts of string between anchor points
On Thu, 27 Feb 2014 20:07:56 +, Jignesh Sutar wrote: I've kind of got this working but my code is very ugly. I'm sure it's regular expression I need to achieve this more but not very familiar with use regex, particularly retaining part of the string that is being searched/matched for. Notes and code below to demonstrate what I am trying to achieve. Any help, much appreciated. It seems you have a string which may be split into between 1 and 3 substrings by the presence of up to 2 delimeters, and that if both delimeters are present, they are in a specified order. You have several possible cases which, broadly speaking, break down into 4 groups: (a) no delimiters present (b) delimiter 1 present (c) delimiter 2 present (d) both delimiters present It is important when coding for such scenarios to consider the possible cases that are not specified, as well as the ones that are. For example, consider the string: delim1delim2 where you have both delims, in sequence, but no other data elements. I believe there are at least 17 possible combinations, and maybe another 8 if you allow for the delims being out of sequence. The code in the file at the url below processes 17 different cases. It may help, or it may confuse. http://www.sined.co.uk/tmp/strparse.py.txt -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Extracting parts of string between anchor points
On Fri, 28 Feb 2014 00:55:01 +, Denis McMahon wrote: The code in the file at the url below processes 17 different cases. It may help, or it may confuse. http://www.sined.co.uk/tmp/strparse.py.txt I added some more cases to it, and then realised that the code could actually be simplified quite a lot. So now it has been. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Just For Inquiry
On Thu, 20 Feb 2014 20:58:52 +0530, shivang patel wrote: So, I kindly request to you please, give me a very brief info regarding *Role of Project Manager*. while not project_is_finished(): take_steps_to_advance_project() -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Storing the state of script between steps
Good evening. First of all I would like to apologize for the name of topic. I really didn't know how to name it more correctly. I mostly develop on Python some automation scripts such as deployment (it's not about fabric and may be not ssh at all), testing something, etc. In this terms I have such abstraction as step. Some code: class IStep(object): def run(): raise NotImplementedError() And the certain steps: class DeployStep: ... class ValidateUSBFlash: ... class SwitchVersionS: ... Where I implement run method. Then I use some builder class which can add steps to internal list and has a method start running all step one by one. And I like this. It's loosely coupled system. It works fine in simple cases. But sometimes some steps have to use the results from previous steps. And now I have problems. Before now I had internal dict in builder and named it as world and passed it to each run() methods of steps. It worked but I disliked this. How would you solve this problem and how would you do it? I understant that it's more architecture specific question, not a python one. I bet I wouldn't have asked this if I had worked with some of functional programming languages. -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Explanation of list reference
On Fri, 14 Feb 2014 10:54:29 -0800, dave em wrote: On Friday, February 14, 2014 11:26:13 AM UTC-7, Jussi Piitulainen wrote: dave em writes: He is asking a question I am having trouble answering which is how a variable containing a value differs from a variable containing a list or more specifically a list reference. My quite serious answer is: not at all. In particular, a list is a value. All those pointers to references to locations are implementation details. The user of the language needs to understand that an object keeps its identity when it's passed around: passed as an argument, returned by a function, stored in whatever location, retrieved from whatever location. Jessi, Thanks for your quick response. I'm still not sure we understand. The code below illustrates the concept we are trying to understand. Case 1: Example of variable with a specific value from P 170 of IYOCGWP spam = 42 cheese = spam spam = 100 spam 100 cheese 42 Case 2: Example of variable with a list reference from p 170 spam = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] cheese = spam cheese[1] = 'Hello!' spam [0, 'Hello!', 2, 3, 4, 5] cheese [0, 'Hello!', 2, 3, 4, 5] What I am trying to explain is this, why in case 1 when acting on spam (changing the value from 42 to 100) only affects spam and not cheese. Meanwhile, in case two acting on cheese also affects spam. A list is a container for multiple values, when you do: cheese = spam You're pointing cheese and spam at the same container. Now anything you do to the container (whether by referencing it as cheese or spam) will affect the container. If you want cheese and spam to start out as separate copies of the same list that you can manipulate independently, then you can use: cheese = [ x for x in spam ] eggs = spam[:] ham = list( spam ) spam = [1,2,3,4,5] cheese = [ x for x in spam ] ham = list( spam ) eggs = spam[:] spam [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] cheese [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] ham [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] eggs [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] cheese[3] = fred ham[4] = 'ham' eggs[4] ='eggs' spam [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] cheese [1, 2, 3, 'fred', 5] ham [1, 2, 3, 4, 'ham'] eggs [1, 2, 3, 4, 'eggs'] -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What are the kinds of software that are not advisable to be developed using Python?
On Sat, 08 Feb 2014 15:54:30 -0800, Sam wrote: I got to know about Python a few months ago and today, I want to develop only using Python because of its code readability. This is not a healthy bias. To play my own devil's advocate, I have a question. What are the kinds of software that are not advisable to be developed using Python? OS Kernels. Hardware drivers. -- Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com -- https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [newbie] making rows of table with discrete values for different number systems
On Sun, 02 Feb 2014 09:44:05 -0800, Jean Dupont wrote:
I'm looking for an efficient method to produce rows of tables like this:
for base 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 .
.
.
1 1 1 1
for base 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
0 0 0 1 2 .
.
2 2 2 2 2 2
As you can see the rows are always twice the size of the base I _don't_
need to have all rows available together in one array which would become
too large for higher value number bases. It's sufficient to produce one
row after the other, as I will do further data manipulation on such a
row immediately.
If someone here could suggest best practices to perform this kind of
operations,I'd really appreciate it very much
kind regards and thanks in advance jean
s=3
p=s*2
def b(n,x):
s=[]
while n:
s.append(str(n%x))
n=n/x
if s==[]:
return 0
return ''.join(s[::-1])
for i in range(s**p):
r=({:0+str(p)+d}).format(int(b(i,s)))
if len(r)==p:
print [int(r[a])for a in range(len(r))]
change s to 2 or 4 etc
--
Denis McMahon, denismfmcma...@gmail.com
--
https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
