Dear R-devel,
Apologies for sending what is probably a very simple question to R-devel: I am
definitely missing something very simple and can't work out what it is. I've
been trying to find the problem here for about a month and need some help!
I am trying to work out how to run a C program from an R script. Rather than
try the C program directly, I'm trying to get a much simpler piece of code to
work as a proof-of-concept. Here's the C code (simplecall.c):
***********************************************************************************************
#include <stdio.h>
#include <Rinternals.h>
#include <R_ext/Rdynload.h>
int Rc(int a) {
return (a+3);
}
SEXP Rc2(SEXP a) {
return(18); //LINE A
// return(ScalarReal(REAL(a)[0]+12)); //LINE B
}
int main()
{
int i,j;
SEXP m,n;
i=4;j=Rc(i);
printf("\nUsing Rc: %i+3=%i - OK so far.\n",i,j);
m=6;n=Rc2(m);
printf("\nUsing Rc2: %i+12=%i - Doing well.\n",m,n);
printf("\nPress <ENTER> ...\n");
getchar();
return 0;
}
***********************************************************************************************
and I've compiled this (using the only C compiler I have, which is a Borland
C++ Builder which insists on calling the executable "Project.exe"). I managed
to get it to compile correctly with the two R includes at the front and the two
functions work OK when I run the C executable.
What I want to do is access these functions from R, however. Here's the R code
I've written (simplecall.r), which I've put together from various websites and
guesses:
***********************************************************************************************
dll=dyn.load("Project1.exe")
syms=getNativeSymbolInfo(c("Rc","Rc2"),dll)
RcInR=function(x) {
.Call(dll$Rc,as.numeric(x))
}
Rc2InR=function(x) {
.Call(dll$Rc2,as.numeric(x))
}
i1=4;j1=Rc(i1)
cat("\nUsing Rc from R: ",i1,"+3=",j1," - OK so far.\n")
m1=6;n1=Rc2(m1)
cat("\nUsing Rc2 from R: ",m1,"+12=",n1," - Doing well.\n");
***********************************************************************************************
Basically, there are two problems (at least!). If I have LINE A in the C code
instead of LINE B then it compiles alright, but if I try to run the R script it
says:
Error in FUN(c("Rc", "Rc2")[[1]], ...) : no such symbol Rc in package
C:/Documents and Settings/Toby/Desktop/cfiles/Project1.exe
I've read a lot online about the "R CMD INSTALL" command and the ?INSTALL man
page, but I can't use that command because I've got Windows-R rather than
Linux-R (unfortunately). Somehow, R can't 'see' these C functions in the
executable, even though I thought including Rinternals.h ensured that it could.
Stuck.
Additionally, if I have LINE B instead of LINE A in the C code then it won't
compile at all and gives the errors:
[Linker error] Unresolved external '_REAL' referenced from C:\DOCUMENTS AND
SETTINGS\TOBY\DESKTOP\CFILES\SIMPLECALL.OBJ
[Linker error] Unresolved external '_Rf_ScalarReal' referenced from
C:\DOCUMENTS AND SETTINGS\TOBY\DESKTOP\CFILES\SIMPLECALL.OBJ
which I find odd because these symbols are defined in the .h files included at
the start.
I feel like I'm either a) trying to do this in completely the wrong way or b)
suffering from having to use a Windows machine or c) both. I tried setting up a
package and inserting the code in the /src directory, but because I can't use
the R CMD INSTALL command I can't figure out how to make this idea work either.
Can anyone help me here? Does anyone have an actual example of something like
this that works?
Toby Marthews
·..¸¸·´¯`····..¸¸·´¯`··..¸¸·´¯`·.¸¸·´¯`··..¸¸·´¯`··..¸¸·´¯`·.¸
Institut für Umweltwissenschaften (IfU, www.uzh.ch/uwinst
<http://www.uzh.ch/uwinst> ),
Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zürich, CH.
Plant & Soil Science Department (www.abdn.ac.uk/biologicalsci/pss
<http://www.abdn.ac.uk/biologicalsci/pss> ),
University of Aberdeen, 23 St Machar Dr., Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK.
¯`··..¸¸·´¯`·.¸¸·´¯`··..¸¸·´¯`··..¸¸·´¯`·.¸ ><(((º> ¸.·´¯`·..¸ ><(((º>
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