Unless the functionality to read in a CSV file had special functionality,
it probably is simple enough to read it in using other available functions
like read.csv() or others available.
Many packages have functions they later remove as not really needed or if
others are available.
On Tue, Apr 30
Those are valid reasons as examining data and cleaning or fixing it is a
major thing to do before making an analysis or plots. Indeed, an extra
column caused by something in an earlier column mat have messed up all
columns to the right.
My point was about replicating a problem like this may requir
So is the proper R answer simply Inf?
On Wed, Sep 28, 2022, 5:39 PM John Kane wrote:
> + 1
>
> On Wed, 28 Sept 2022 at 17:36, Jim Lemon wrote:
>
> > Given some of the questions that are posted to this list, I am not
> > sure that there is an upper bound to the estimate.
> >
> > Jim
> >
> >
Javad,
It would help if you stopped calling it FORTRAN format. I doubt anyone
cares about names as compared to what kind of structure it holds.
It likely is some variant on a file commonly used in R such as one that
uses tabs or whitespace. It may have lines above with headers or comments
and you
Cultures differ and we can put up with it but the feedback you get is that
plenty of parts of the wider world are not like Pakistan. We simply do not
invent honorifics for people who we do not know for sure has earned them, and
even then, many people do not want or need a title used when not in
People often use sum() to count how many boolean values are true, not length).
Sent from the all new AOL app for Android
On Sat, Jul 2, 2022 at 2:14 PM, Andrew Simmons wrote:
It's supposed to match the length. Perhaps you meant to use which(is.na())?
On Sat, Jul 2, 2022, 14:04 akshay kulk
to whether it really
is something people should continue to use heavily if they want to do lots of
work in the field.
-Original Message-
From: Avi Gross via R-help
Cc: r-help@r-project.org
Sent: Sat, Jun 25, 2022 2:09 pm
Subject: Re: [R] R for linear algebra
John,
I am not in any w
rom: John Fox
To: Avi Gross
Cc: r-help@r-project.org
Sent: Sat, Jun 25, 2022 1:34 pm
Subject: Re: [R] R for linear algebra
Dear Avi,
The purpose of the matlib package is to *teach* linear algebra and
related topics, not to replace or even compete with similar
functionality in base R.
Cons
R is a language specially made to do many things with vectors and matrices and
arrays with any reasonable number of dimensions and also has a host of
functions that do things like make diagonal matrices, calculate determinants
and multiply them in several ways, invert them, get eigenvalues and
Complexity has all kinds of costs and tradeoffs. In one sense you are doing a
conceptual merge between related but not identical database tables albeit from
a set of .CSV files.
You do have some conceptually direct ways using base R or packages like dplyr
that possibly do it in a more complex
Tom,
You may have a very different impression of what was asked! LOL!
Unless Janet clarifies what seems a bit like a homework assignment, it seems to
be a fairly simple and straightforward assignment with exactly three
rows/columns and asking how to replace the variables, in a sense, by finding
This is changing from a discussion about the rite of passage for
non-programmers using the defunct "rite" editing software by a software wright
who no longer writes, to talking about finding the right software for the
purpose.
Kidding and wordplay aside, both public and private software is not
Paul,
I read through the public replies you received and clearly some of us were not
too clear on what you asked. Your subject line was not helpful as my first
thought was that you wanted a single column examined for two conditions, as in
EITHER less than 3 standard deviations above the mean OR
I get suspicious about patterns. A similar request from a gmail account with
another username was made just a day ago on a Python mailing list asking about
learning that language. That user has not responded so far to anything people
replied.
Hopefully this is not yet another person getting the
Lots of people here are touchy about homework and I can understand that.
But sharing code and saying where you are stuck is a plus for me as compared to
asking someone to do it all.
So, without commenting on whether your shown code is right, assuming youhave a
data.frame object sorted as describe
Kelly,
I am not going to answer your question directly as I have no experience with
all those packages and others.
Your question is very broad as you have not told us what your criteria and
needs are.
For some purposes, the package to use may be one that has been around, seems to
continue to be
Within standard R, it is common to take objects that are lists (as a data.frame
is)
apart and apply some function and recombine them. So using my example in an
earlier
message, and hoping this text-mode message is readable, try something like this
to multiply each column of a data.frame by the
Jeff,
There may well be such a function somewhere but I would have requested
something less ambitious than a function that does exactly that.
As I see it, there are many ways to do what you specifically want, but much
depends on exact conditions in your data.
Your example shows seq values ascend
After slogging through lots of posts about a poorly defined request, I am left
wondering if I missed the original sender properly explaining what THEY mean by
a truth table and what it should look like.
Some here seem to know (or are guessing) that the request is to make all
combinations of TRUE
Just a silly thought, Paul. If this is really for a class and the file(s)
being used are small enough, you can play a game where the data is already in
the R program and is simply written into a file at the start in the current
directory or a designated area. If that succeeds, you can then ha
Hi Jim,
Just FYI, your reply to Eliza likely included your attachment but the copy to
this list has it stripped.
I suspect the world would just work better if forums like this moved from
text-only email to something like groups.io that allow richer text and
attachments, albeit they do make ima
I would reply but since ggplot was mentioned, I must abstain. ;-)
I will say that you can use ggplot in a loop in some cases if you do this:
p <- ggplot(...) + ...
Then you can in your loop keep adding to p as in:
p <- p + geom_whatever() + ...
You do at some point need to make p print itself
To: Avi Gross
Cc: r-help@r-project.org
Sent: Sun, Feb 27, 2022 4:52 pm
Subject: Re: [R] tidying up
Hi Avi,
I just sent in an answer to a very simple question. In many cases it
seems to me that the real problem isn't apparent from the request.
ektaraK appears to have almost no experience w
This mailing list seems to steadily get messages that some see as not relevant
to this forum. In particular, some see it as wrong to bring up some things here
and keep reminding people of some ground rules.
So I want to know, briefly, if it is reasonable to ask a person with a question
or probl
This forum often discusses different ways of looking at a problem that result
in often very different R formulations. Many may be RIGHT in a sense but some
clearly have tradeoffs or work only in limited circumstances or come from some
limited way of thinking. Note this message got to be a bit lo
uot;in our face" when we used slide rules or hand-crank
calculators. I still have slide rules and a Monroe "Portable" calculator -- 5
kg! It's worth bringing them out every so often and being thankful for the
power and speed of modern computing, while remembering to watch for the cowpad
match.
I do care what it does in my programs, of course. My goal here was to explain
to someone that the anomaly found was not really an anomaly and that careful
coding may be required in these situations.
-Original Message-
From: Richard M. Heiberger
To: Avi Gross
Cc: Nathan Boeger
"=7:1))[[1]]
[1] 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2
Of course for this simple a need, definitely overkill and I would stick with
base R. LOL!
-Original Message-
From: Ebert,Timothy Aaron
To: Avi Gross ; maech...@stat.math.ethz.ch
; stefan.b.fl...@gmail.com
Cc: r-help@r-project.org
S
rsecting any number of such items.
Here is the full code, minus the initialization.
rows.keep <-
intersect(intersect(grep("[0-9]", dat1$Name, invert = TRUE),
grep("[a-zA-Z]", dat1$Age, invert = TRUE)),
grep("[a-zA-Z]", dat1$Weight
There are many creative ways to solve problems and some may get you in trouble
if you present them in class while even in some work situations, they may be
hard for most to understand, let alone maintain and make changes.
This group is amorphous enough that we have people who want "help" who are
c(fact) - 1)[1] 0.2857143
You may get lots of advice on many methods and ways to do things but pick what
fits your situation and sometimes you can try to change the situation. For some
purposes, categorical data needs to be transformed for proper use in something
like machine learning algorithm
c(fact) - 1)[1] 0.2857143
You may get lots of advice on many methods and ways to do things but pick what
fits your situation and sometimes you can try to change the situation. For some
purposes, categorical data needs to be transformed for proper use in something
like machine learning algorithm
Timothy,
In reply to what you wrote about a benchmark suggesting some storage formats
may make the code run slower, it is not a surprise, given what you chose to
benchmark.
You are using a test of a logical variable in a numeric context when you have
code like:
log(a2+0.01)
In order to do t
I do not know what your major problem/issue is but the code you shared seems to
be looking for a character value of '2' in what looks like a numeric vector
containing the number 2.
-Original Message-
From: Neha gupta
To: Ebert,Timothy Aaron
Cc: r-help mailing list
Sent: Fri, Jan 14,
I appreciate your thoughts and some history, Marc.
My personal goal here is to both learn and if possible, be helpful.
I am just bothered when one or two people regularly chime in to remind people
that this forum should be pretty much only about base R. One way to satisfy
them is to move some dis
ginal Message-
From: Kevin Thorpe
To: Jeff Newmiller
Cc: Avi Gross ; R Help Mailing List
Sent: Thu, Jan 13, 2022 7:44 am
Subject: Re: [R] (Off-Topic) Time for a companion mailing list for R packages?
This is an interesting issue and something I have been thinking about raising
with my f
Respectfully, this forum gets lots of questions that include non-base R
components and especially packages in the tidyverse. Like it or not, the
extended R language is far more useful and interesting for many people and
especially those who do not wish to constantly reinvent the wheel.
And repea
The table you are looking for indeed does not any longer exists. Kai.
Anything created within a function generally disappears as soon as it exits as
the only pointer to it goes away and garbage collection can eventuially reuse
the space.
The code you wrote should end with:
MyNamedVariable <- f1(
To be fair, Jim, when people stop and think carefully before sending a message
to a forum like this, and then explain their situation and request carefully
and in enough detail, often a solution comes to them and they can abort sending!
Yes, the question asked is a bit vague. Other than asking fo
,]
workweek <- mymat[!weekends,]
Is this any better?
-Original Message-
From: Avi Gross via R-help
To: r-help@r-project.org
Sent: Wed, Jan 5, 2022 12:52 pm
Subject: Re: [R] splitting data matrix into submatrices
Faheem seems to reply to people in private and I replid to him in private bu
Faheem Jan
To: Avi Gross
Sent: Tue, Jan 4, 2022 11:44 pm
Subject: Re: [R] splitting data matrix into submatrices
First I will thank you for your interest and time. As my first day is Sunday,
in my data matrix 24 are hourly demand of electricity. As electricity demand is
different is working
If you explain better, we can help. But first consider what you are asking and
how it is relected in the data.
Is the first component a row number whose meaning is day 1 contains a 1 or
perhaps 0 and the next row contains one more? Or is there some kind of date in
there?
What day of the week i
Suggestion to consider another approach:
Once various errors are fixed, the program being done basically sounds like
you want to repeat a sequence of actions one per ROW of a data.frame. As it
happens, the action to perform is based on a second data.frame given to
ggplot, with parts dynamically in
.
For now, I think I will step aside and focus my efforts elsewhere.
-Original Message-
From: Stephen H. Dawson, DSL
Sent: Friday, December 24, 2021 9:49 AM
To: Avi Gross ; 'r-help mailing list'
Subject: Re: [R] Error Awareness
Thank you, Avi. I appreciate your reply. I agre
Stephen,
It is becoming a pattern here.
You have been told R allows ways to check for errors as the code is
interpreted and this DOES NOT distinguish between development aspects and in
the field. It does not matter if a problem is external like a required file
not being in place or having a new n
Stephen,
Why should there be a column header when you take your data and reformat it?
cat(format(v1, justify = "right"), sep = "\n")
The above is no longer your original data structure and has specified what you
want printed. Your column header and other names associated with your original
da
Stephen,
Understanding a bit better where you are coming from, I come back to how people
think about things. Languages like R often focus on doing things incrementally.
I don't mean the language exactly as much as many of the people using the
language.
So it is perfectly normal to make multipl
way suggesting R is deficient for not
being designed for things like this, nor that wanting some such feature is a
bad thing. What Adrian provided is sort of in between as real NA are stored but
also some attributes record what the NA is supposed to represent.
-Original Message-----
From: J
I wonder if the package Adrian Dușa created might be helpful or point you along
the way.
It was eventually named "declared"
https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/declared/index.html
With a vignette here:
https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/declared/vignettes/declared.pdf
I do not know
Duncan,
Let's not go there discussing the trouble with tibbles when the topic asked how
to do things in more native R.
The reality is that tibbles when used in the tidyverse often use somewhat
different ways to select what columns you want including some very quite
sophisticated ones like:
se
Stephen,
Languages have their own philosophies and are often focused initially on doing
specific things well. Later, they tend to accumulate additional functionality
both in the base language and extensions.
I am wondering if you have explained your need precisely enough to get the
answers you
t will sort the numbers correctly.
> > Maybe that's what you are looking for, see the example below.
>
>
> > x <- sample(sprintf("ab%d", 1:20)) # shuffle the vector
> > stringr::str_sort(x, numeric = TRUE) # sort considering the numbers
Stephen,
Sorry about that. I tried modifying what you had and realize the use of []
returned a data.frame and you need [[]] to return a vector.
Try this:
sort(unique(Data[[1]]))
From: Stephen H. Dawson, DSL
Sent: Monday, December 20, 2021 12:32 PM
To: Avi Gross ; r-help@r
Stephen,
You can sort using sort() either before or after doing a unique. Unique
removes all duplicates in any order so sorting before may be wasteful. in
your data shown below, do this:
sort(unique(Data[1]))
sort(unique(Data[2]))
sort(unique(Data[3]))
sort(unique(Data[4]))
Even simpler is to de
Milu,
Your data seems to be very consistent in that each value of ID has eight
rows. You seem to want to just sum every four so that fits:
ID Date Value
1 A 4140 0.000207232
2 A 4141 0.000240141
3 A 4142 0.000271414
4 A 4143 0.000258384
5 A 4144 0.000243640
6 A 4145 0.0002714
I think Rich has shared aspects of the data before and may have forgotten we
want something here and now.
Besides a small sample of what the relevant columns look like and a
suggestion of what he wants some new column to look like, we probably need
more to understand what he wants.
The issue coul
Jeff,
I am wondering what it even means to do what you say. In a compiled
language, I can imagine wrapping up an executable along with some kind of
run-time image (which may actually contain the parts of the executable that
includes what has not run yet) and revive it elsewhere.
But even there, h
The right answer obviously depends on the REQUIREMENTS and they may not have
been fully stated.
This is a bit like finding the mode of a set of numbers. The most frequent
value may not be as representative of the data as the mean or even the median
for some purposes, as well as other measures o
Stephen,
Although what is in the STANDARD R distribution can vary several ways, in
general, if you need to add a line like:
library(something)
or
require(something)
and your code does not work unless you have done that, then you can imagine
it is not sort of built in to R as it starts.
Having s
harder to do as each one does just
one thing well. That may also be a plus, especially if pipelined objects are
released in progress and not all at the end of the pipeline.
From: Richard O'Keefe
Sent: Sunday, November 28, 2021 3:54 AM
To: Avi Gross
Cc: R-help Mailing List
Subject: R
Several recent questions and answers have mad e me look at some code and I
realized that some functions may not be great to use when you are dealing
with very large amounts of data that may already be getting close to limits
of your memory. Does the function you call to do one thing to your object
This seems to be a topic that comes up periodically. The various ways in R
and other packages for reading in data often come with methods that simply
guess wrong or encounter one or more data items in a column that really do
not fit so fields may just by default become a more common denominator of
As noted, this is not the place to ask about dplyr but the answer you may
want is perhaps straight R.
If you have a list called weekdays and you know you o not want to take the
fifth, then indexing with -5 removes it:
> weekdays <- list("Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat")
> weekdays[
d
Sent: Thursday, November 11, 2021 1:25 PM
To: r-help@r-project.org
Subject: Re: [R] ggplot2: multiple box plots, different tibbles/dataframes
On Thu, 11 Nov 2021, Avi Gross via R-help wrote:
> Say I have a data.frame with columns called PLACE and MEASURE others.
> The one I call PLACE would
As I replied to Rich privately for another message, I suggest that you may
well be able to fit what you need in memory, if careful. But my main point
is that when you have so much data, you do not need all of it to make a
representative graph. A boxplot made using 100,000 data points may well have
: multiple box plots, different tibbles/dataframes
On Thu, 11 Nov 2021, Avi Gross wrote:
> Boxplots like many other things in ggplot can be grouped in various ways.
> I often do something like this:
Avi,
I've designed and used multiple boxplots in many projects. They might show
Behalf Of Rich Shepard
Sent: Thursday, November 11, 2021 8:50 AM
To: r-help@r-project.org
Subject: Re: [R] ggplot2: multiple box plots, different tibbles/dataframes
On Wed, 10 Nov 2021, Avi Gross via R-help wrote:
> I think many here may not quite have enough info to help you.
Avi,
Actua
Rich,
I think many here may not quite have enough info to help you.
But the subject of multiple plots has come up. There are a slew of ways,
especially in the ggplot paradigm, to make multiple smaller plots into a
larger display showing them in some number of rows and columns, or other
ways. Some
I am not clear why Python came up on this forum. Yes, you can do all sorts of
stuff in Python (or other languages) in ways similar or not to doing them in R.
The topic here was reading in data from multiple CSV files and I saw no mention
about whether some columns are supposed to be of type char
Gabrielle,
Why would you expect that to work?
rbind() binds rows of internal R data structures that are some variety of
data.frame with exactly the same columns in the same order into a larger object
of that type.
You are not providing rbind() with the names of variables holding the info but
:47 AM
To: r-help@r-project.org
Subject: Re: [R] Is there a hash data structure for R
On 03-11-2021 00:42, Avi Gross via R-help wrote:
>
> Finally, someone mentioned how creating a data.frame with duplicate
> names for columns is not a problem as it can automagically CHANGE them
>
I have several things I considered about this topic.
It is, in general, not possible to do some things in one language or another
even if you find a bridge. Python lets you place all kinds of things into a
dictionary including many static objects like tuples or even other
dictionaries. What is all
ables:
$ F: num 12 13.3 12
$ M: num 15 16.3 15
From: Bert Gunter
Sent: Monday, November 1, 2021 8:50 PM
To: Val
Cc: Avi Gross ; r-help mailing list
Subject: Re: [R] by group
"A decent example was given and I see Andrew provided a base R reply that
should be sufficient.
vot_wider(names_from = Sex, values_from = M) %>%
as.data.frame %>%
round(1)
-Original Message-
From: Val
Sent: Monday, November 1, 2021 8:15 PM
To: Avi Gross
Cc: r-help mailing list
Subject: Re: [R] by group
Thank you Avi,
One question, I am getting this error from thi
later.
Good luck.
-Original Message-
From: Val
Sent: Monday, November 1, 2021 7:44 PM
To: Avi Gross
Cc: r-help mailing list
Subject: Re: [R] by group
Thank you all!
I can assure you that this is not HW. This is a sample of my large data set
and I want a simple and efficient approach
Jim,
Your code gives the output in quite a different format and as an object of
class "by" that is not easily convertible to a data.frame. So, yes, it is an
answer that produces the right numbers but not in the places or data
structures I think they (or if it is HW ...) wanted.
Trivial standard c
This is a fairly simple request and well covered by introductory reading
material.
A decent example was given and I see Andrew provided a base R reply that
should be sufficient. But I do not think he realized you wanted something
different so his answer is not in the format you wanted:
> tapply(d
Bert,
R is used all over the place, sometimes not visibly.
A search shows the NY times using it in 2011, 2009, ...:
https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/07/technology/business-computing/07program.h
tml
https://blog.revolutionanalytics.com/2011/03/how-the-new-york-times-uses-r-f
or-data-visualization
As others have replied, the customary way is to use the seq() function that
takes additional arguments besides a from= and a to= such as by= to specify
the step size and two others sometimes handy of length.out= and along.with=
In your case seq(from=1.5, to=3.5, by=0.5) works as well as the shorte
I am not sure your overall question fits into this forum but a brief
internet search can find plenty of info.
But in brief, R is a language in which much of what numpy does was built in
from the start and many things are vectorized. Much of what the python
pandas language does is also part of nati
The error below was fairly clear. The R 'if" statement is not vectorized and
takes a single logical argument. It is not normally used in a pipeline
unless at that point the data has been reduced to a vector of length 1.
I do not want to look at your code further without the data behind it but
sugg
There can be people doing homework for a course and as noted, the normal
expectation is to use the resources provided including classroom instruction
(or the often ZOOM or recordings) as well as textbooks.
Forums like this are not a substitute and some nice people will sometimes
volunteer not to d
I wonder why it is not as simple as:
Call mutate on the data and have a condition that looks like:
data %>% mutate(cases = ifelse(multiple_cond, NA, cases) -> output
-Original Message-
From: R-help On Behalf Of Dr Eberhard W Lisse
Sent: Monday, October 25, 2021 11:49 AM
To: r-help@r-pro
intersect() is a generic function so the question is which one does someone
want to know if it remains in the same order?
But a deeper question is what ORDER?
intersect(A, B)
intersect(B, A)
Note the results have to be the same but not the order unless they start
sorted the same way.
-Orig
e want), or it
might return a+rev(b). Avi Gross correctly notes that the implementation is not
what he wants, but I think that what he wants is possible only in special cases.
Regards,
Jorgen Harmse.
Message: 2
Date: Sat, 9 Oct 2021 15:35:55 -0400
From: "Avi Gross"
This is supposed to be a forum for help so general and philosophical
discussions belong elsewhere, or nowhere.
Having said that, I want to make a brief point. Both new and experienced
people make implicit assumptions about the code they use. Often nobody looks
at how the sausage is made. The re
Ravi,
I have no idea what motivated the people who made ifelse() but there is no
reason they felt the need to program it to meet your precise need. As others
have noted, it probably was built to handle simple cases well and it expects
to return a result that is the same length as the input. If som
TE: I threw this together quickly and may well have made errors or not made
it bulletproof. Feel free to point out where I am wrong or how to improve it.
I also note my approach is partially based on interactions I once had with
Adrian Dusa when he shared his package "declared" and he
Glad we have solutions BUT I note that the more abstract question is how to
convert any columns that are factors to their base type and that may well NOT
be character. They can be integers or doubles or complex or Boolean and maybe
even raw.
So undoing factorization may require using something
handle them become better or at least better understood.
-Original Message-
From: R-help On Behalf Of Avi Gross via R-help
Sent: Wednesday, September 15, 2021 1:23 AM
To: R-help@r-project.org
Subject: Re: [R] How to remove all rows that have a numeric in the first (or
any) column
You are
wwise:
alpha beta alphazoid betazoid
> >
1 TRUE TRUE
> result[[1,1]]
[[1]]
[1] "Last"
> result[[1,2]]
[[1]]
[1] "Lasting"
> as.data.frame(result)
alphabeta alphazoid betazoid
1 Last Lasting TRUE TRUE
Calling something a data.frame does not make it a data.frame.
The abbreviated object shown below is a list of singletons. If it is a column
in a larger object that is a data.frame, then it is a list column which is
valid but can be ticklish to handle within base R but less so in the tidyverse.
Calling something a data.frame does not make it a data.frame.
The abbreviated object shown below is a list of singletons. If it is a column
in a larger object that is a data.frame, then it is a list column which is
valid but can be ticklish to handle within base R but less so in the tidyverse.
Rich,
You have helped us understand and at this point, suppose we now are sure
about the way missing info is supplied. What you show is not the same as the
CSV sample earlier but assuming you know that "Eqp" is the one and only way
they signaled bad data.
One choice is to fix the original data be
Rich,
I have to wonder about how your data was placed in the CSV file based on
what you report.
functions like read.table() (which is called by read.csv()) ultimately make
guesses about what number of columns to expect and what the contents are
likely to be. They may just examine the first N entr
Rich,
I reproduced your problem on my re-arranging the code the mailer mangled. I
tried variations like not using pipes or changing what it is grouped by and
they all show your results on the abbreviated data with the error:
`summarise()` has grouped output by 'year'. You can override using the
d thing.
-Original Message-
From: R-help On Behalf Of Rich Shepard
Sent: Monday, September 13, 2021 7:04 PM
To: r-help@r-project.org
Subject: Re: [R] tidyverse: grouped summaries (with summarize) [RESOLVED]
On Mon, 13 Sep 2021, Avi Gross via R-help wrote:
> As Eric has pointed out, p
I think we wandered away into a package rather than base R, but the request
seems easy enough.
Just FYI, Rich, as you seem not to have incorporated the advice we gave yet
about the first argument, your use of group_by() is a tad odd.
disc %>%
group_by(hour) %>%
group_by(day) %>%
As Eric has pointed out, perhaps Rich is not thinking pipelined. Summarize()
takes a first argument as:
summarise(.data=whatever, ...)
But in a pipeline, you OMIT the first argument and let the pipeline supply an
argument silently.
What I think summarize saw was something like:
summari
Rich,
Did I miss something? The summarise() command is telling you that you had not
implicitly grouped the data and it made a guess. The canonical way is:
... %>% group_by(year, month, day, hour) %>% summarise(...)
You decide which fields to group by, sometimes including others so they are in
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