Re: [R] Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed
FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE>
> as.integer(result)[1] 0 1 0 1 0 1 0> as.numeric(result)[1] 0 1 0 1 0 1 0>
> result <- as.integer(1:7 %% 2 == 0)> result[1] 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
If for some reason the choice of 1 and 0 is the opposite of what you need, you
can invert them several ways with the simplest being:
as.integer(1:7 %% 2 != 0)
or as.integer(!(1:7 %% 2 != 0))
The first negates the comparison and the second just flips every FALSE and TRUE
to the other.
Why are we talking about this? For many more interesting cases, ifelse() is
great as you can replace one or both of the choices with anything. A very
common case is replacing one choice with itself and changing the other, or
nesting the comparisons in a sort of simulated tree as in
ifelse(some_condition, ifelse(second_condition, result1, result2),
ifelse(third_condition, result3, result4)))
But you seem to want the simplest return of two values that also happen to be
the underlying equivalent of TRUE and FALSE in many languages. In Python,
anything that evaluates to zero (or the Boolean value FALSE) tends to be
treated as FALSE, and anything else like a 1 or 666 is treated as TRUE, as
shown below:
> if (TRUE) print("TRUE") else print("FALSE")[1] "TRUE"> if (1) print("TRUE")
> else print("FALSE")[1] "TRUE"> if (666) print("TRUE") else print("FALSE")[1]
> "TRUE"> if (FALSE) print("TRUE") else print("FALSE")[1] "FALSE"> if (0)
> print("TRUE") else print("FALSE")[1] "FALSE"
This is why you are being told that for many purposes, the Boolean vector may
work fine. But if you really want or need zero and one, that is a trivial
transformation as shown. Feel free to use ifelse() and then figure out what
went wrong with your code, but also to try the simpler version and see if the
problem goes away.
Avi
-Original Message-
From: javed khan
To: Bert Gunter
Cc: R-help
Sent: Thu, Jan 27, 2022 1:15 pm
Subject: Re: [R] Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE
needed
Thank you Bert Gunter
Do you mean I should do something like this:
prot <- (as.numeric(ifelse(test$ operator == 'T13', 1, 0))
[[alternative HTML version deleted]]
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Re: [R] Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed
FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE>
> as.integer(result)[1] 0 1 0 1 0 1 0> as.numeric(result)[1] 0 1 0 1 0 1 0>
> result <- as.integer(1:7 %% 2 == 0)> result[1] 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
If for some reason the choice of 1 and 0 is the opposite of what you need, you
can invert them several ways with the simplest being:
as.integer(1:7 %% 2 != 0)
or as.integer(!(1:7 %% 2 != 0))
The first negates the comparison and the second just flips every FALSE and TRUE
to the other.
Why are we talking about this? For many more interesting cases, ifelse() is
great as you can replace one or both of the choices with anything. A very
common case is replacing one choice with itself and changing the other, or
nesting the comparisons in a sort of simulated tree as in
ifelse(some_condition, ifelse(second_condition, result1, result2),
ifelse(third_condition, result3, result4)))
But you seem to want the simplest return of two values that also happen to be
the underlying equivalent of TRUE and FALSE in many languages. In Python,
anything that evaluates to zero (or the Boolean value FALSE) tends to be
treated as FALSE, and anything else like a 1 or 666 is treated as TRUE, as
shown below:
> if (TRUE) print("TRUE") else print("FALSE")[1] "TRUE"> if (1) print("TRUE")
> else print("FALSE")[1] "TRUE"> if (666) print("TRUE") else print("FALSE")[1]
> "TRUE"> if (FALSE) print("TRUE") else print("FALSE")[1] "FALSE"> if (0)
> print("TRUE") else print("FALSE")[1] "FALSE"
This is why you are being told that for many purposes, the Boolean vector may
work fine. But if you really want or need zero and one, that is a trivial
transformation as shown. Feel free to use ifelse() and then figure out what
went wrong with your code, but also to try the simpler version and see if the
problem goes away.
Avi
-Original Message-
From: javed khan
To: Bert Gunter
Cc: R-help
Sent: Thu, Jan 27, 2022 1:15 pm
Subject: Re: [R] Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE
needed
Thank you Bert Gunter
Do you mean I should do something like this:
prot <- (as.numeric(ifelse(test$ operator == 'T13', 1, 0))
[[alternative HTML version deleted]]
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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed
Timothy,
In reply to what you wrote about a benchmark suggesting some storage formats
may make the code run slower, it is not a surprise, given what you chose to
benchmark.
You are using a test of a logical variable in a numeric context when you have
code like:
log(a2+0.01)
In order to do the calculation, depending on the internals, you need to convert
a2 to at least an integer or perhaps a floating point value such as 1L or 1.0
before adding 0.01 to it.
You are doing the equivalent of:
log(as.integer(a2)+0.01)
or perhaps:
log(as.double(a2)+0.01)
The result is some extra work in THAT context. Note I am NOT saying R calls one
of those primitive functions, just that the final code does such conversions
perhaps at the assembler level or lower.
But consider the opposite context such as in a if(...) statement as in:
if(a2) {do_this) else {do_that}
If a2 is already a logical data form, it happens rapidly. If a2 is something
more complex that can be evaluated in steps into a logical, it takes those
steps. As I showed earlier, if a2 was 1 or 666 it would be evaluated to be
non-zero and thus converted to TRUE and then the statement would choose
do_this, else it would evaluate to FALSE and do do_that.
So the right storage format depends on how you want to use it and how much
storage space you are willing to use. On some machines and architectures, they
may store a logical value in anything from a bit to a byte to multiple bytes,
and on a lower level, it may be expanded as needed to fit into a fixed register
on the CPU. In some cases, a natural storage format will be the one that can be
used immediately with no boxing or unboxing. But as always, there are tradeoffs
to be considered in terms of how many cycles are used (execution time) or other
resources like memory in use. In a few cases, it may oddly pay to make two or
more copies of a vector in different storage formats and then use the best one
for subsequent calculations. Boolean might turn out to be a great choice for
indexing into a list or vector or matrix or data.frame, while integer may be
great if doing mathematics like multiplication into a structure that only
contains integers, and a double version when interacting with such numbers and
maybe even versions that are character or complex.
But from a novice perspective, performance is not usually a big concern and
especially not for small amounts of data. The only reason this is being
discussed is that the question about what went wrong might be hard to figure
out without lots more info, while the simple wrok-around might either work fine
or tell us more about what might be wrong.
-Original Message-
From: Ebert,Timothy Aaron
To: Bert Gunter
Cc: R-help
Sent: Thu, Jan 27, 2022 2:27 pm
Subject: Re: [R] Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE
needed
You did not claim it is faster, but if one is writing large programs or has
huge quantities of data then thinking about execution time could be useful.
if(!require(microbenchmark)){install.packages("microbenchmark")}
library(microbenchmark)
a1<-c(1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,1)
a2=as.logical(a1)
microbenchmark(
{
log(a1+0.01)
},
{
log(a2+0.01)
},
times=10
)
On my system running the code shows that there is an overhead cost if the
logical has to be converted. In this simple code it was a sometimes significant
but always a trivial 0.1 microsecond cost. I tried a few other bits of code and
the mean and minimum values were always smaller performing numeric operations
on a numeric variable. However, it looks like the range in values for a numeric
operation on a numeric variable is greater. I don't understand why.
Tim
-Original Message-
From: Bert Gunter
Sent: Thursday, January 27, 2022 1:17 PM
To: Ebert,Timothy Aaron
Cc: PIKAL Petr ; R-help
Subject: Re: [R] Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE
needed
[External Email]
I did not claim it is faster -- and in fact I doubt that it makes any real
difference. Just simpler, imo. I also think that the logical vector would serve
equally in any situation in most cases where arithmetic 0/1 coding is used --
even arithmetic ops and comparisons:
> TRUE + 2
[1] 3
> TRUE > .5
[1] TRUE
(?'+' has details)
I would appreciate someone responding with a nontrivial counterexample to this
claim if they have one, other than the sort of thing shown in the ?logical
example involving conversion to character:
## logical interpretation of particular strings
charvec <- c("FALSE", "F", "False", "false", "fAlse", "0",
"TRUE", "T", "True", "true", "tRue", "1")
as.logical(charvec)
## factors are converted via their levels, so string conversion is used
as.
Re: [R] Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed
Hi
Actually you did not. Your original question was:
> Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed
> I used this:
> var <- ifelse(test$operator == 'T14', 1, 0)
> operator has several values like T1, T3, T7, T15, T31, T37
> For some values like T3, T7 it works fine but for majority of values
> it gives error.
> When I use: is.na(ts$operator), it shows all false values so no NAs.
Only now we could inspect your whole code and it was already pointed that the
error does not originate from ifelse.
With the same data and ifelse code I did not get any error.
test <- structure(list(DepthTree = c(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
> str(test)
'data.frame': 146 obs. of 15 variables:
$ DepthTree: num 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
$ numCovered : num 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
$ operator : Factor w/ 16 levels "T0","T1","T2",..: 4 4 7 8 8 8 11 4 10 7
...
$ methodReturn : Factor w/ 22 levels "I","V","Z","method",..: 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
4 2 ...
$ numTestsCover: num 16 15 15 16 15 15 15 4 4 16 ...
$ mutantAssert : num 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 13 13 55 ...
$ classAssert : num 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 ...
$ isKilled : Factor w/ 2 levels "yes","no": 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ...
>
prot <- ifelse(test$operator == 'T13', 1, 0)
the most probable source of the error is
fc= fairness_check(explainer,
protected = prot,
privileged = privileged)
so you should check explainer and privileged
Cheers
Petr
From: javed khan
Sent: Wednesday, January 26, 2022 3:45 PM
To: PIKAL Petr
Cc: R-help
Subject: Re: [R] Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where
TRUE/FALSE needed
Hi Pikal, why would I hide something? I provided just a code where error is.
Full code is:
index= sample(1:nrow(data), 0.7*nrow(data))
train= data[index,]
test= data[-index,]
task = TaskClassif$new("data", backend = train, target = "isKilled")
learner= lrn("classif.gbm", predict_type = "prob")
model= learner$train(task )
explainer = explain_mlr3(model,
data = test[,-15],
y = as.numeric(test$isKilled)-1,
label="GBM")
prot <- ifelse(test$operator == 'T13', 1, 0)
privileged <- '1'
fc= fairness_check(explainer,
protected = prot,
privileged = privileged)
plot(fc)
And my data is the following:
str(test)
'data.frame': 146 obs. of 15 variables:
$ DepthTree: num 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
$ NumSubclass : num 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
$ McCabe : num 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 ...
$ LOC : num 3 10 10 10 10 10 10 4 4 5 ...
$ DepthNested : num 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 ...
$ CA : num 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
$ CE : num 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ...
$ Instability : num 0.667 0.667 0.667 0.667 0.667 0.667 0.667 0.667 0.667
0.667 ...
$ numCovered : num 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
$ operator : Factor w/ 16 levels "T0","T1","T2",..: 4 4 7 8 8 8 11 4 10 7
...
$ methodReturn : Factor w/ 22 levels "I","V","Z","method",..: 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
4 2 ...
$ numTestsCover: num 16 15 15 16 15 15 15 4 4 16 ...
$ mutantAssert : num 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 13 13 55 ...
$ classAssert : num 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 ...
$ isKilled : Factor w/ 2 levels "yes","no": 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ...
> dput(test)
structure(list(DepthTree = c(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1), NumSubclass = c(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2), McCabe = c(1, 3, 3,
3, 3, 3, 3, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2,
2, 2, 1, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3, 3,
3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 2, 2, 2,
2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 1, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 2, 3, 3, 3,
3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
2, 2, 1,
Re: [R] Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed
Your error and your code don't match. Please spend some time to make a small
reproducible example [1][2] when posting a question... you may even figure out
your own answer before you send it out.
[1]
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5963269/how-to-make-a-great-r-reproducible-example
[2] http://adv-r.had.co.nz/Reproducibility.html
On January 26, 2022 5:47:16 AM PST, javed khan wrote:
>I get this error:
>
>Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed
>
>I used this:
>
>var <- ifelse(test$operator == 'T14', 1, 0)
>
>operator has several values like T1, T3, T7, T15, T31, T37
>
>For some values like T3, T7 it works fine but for majority of values it
>gives error.
>
>When I use: is.na(ts$operator), it shows all false values so no NAs.
>
>Where could be the problem?
>
> [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
>
>__
>R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
>https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
>and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
--
Sent from my phone. Please excuse my brevity.
__
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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed
Hi
It seems that you are hiding what you really do.
This
> options(error = NULL)
works fine without any error. So please If you want some reasonable answer
post question with data and code which is causing the error.
My wild guess is that you have some objects in your environment and you do
not know that they are used in you commands. Try to start fresh R session
and try to inspect your environment with
ls()
Cheers
Petr
> -Original Message-
> From: R-help On Behalf Of javed khan
> Sent: Wednesday, January 26, 2022 3:05 PM
> To: Ivan Krylov
> Cc: R-help
> Subject: Re: [R] Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where
TRUE/FALSE
> needed
>
> Ivan, thanks
>
> When I use options(error = NULL)
>
> it says: Error during wrapup: missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed
> Error: no more error handlers available (recursive errors?); invoking
'abort'
> restart
>
> With traceback(), I get
>
> 4: readable_number(max_value - min_value, FALSE)
> 3: get_nice_ticks(lower_bound, upper_bound)
>
> On Wed, Jan 26, 2022 at 2:53 PM Ivan Krylov wrote:
>
> > On Wed, 26 Jan 2022 14:47:16 +0100
> > javed khan wrote:
> >
> > > Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE
> > > needed
> >
> > > var <- ifelse(test$operator == 'T14', 1, 0)
> >
> > The error must be in a place different from your test$operator
> > comparison. Have you tried traceback() to get the call stack leading
> > to the error? Or options(error = recover) to land in a debugger
> > session the moment an uncaught error happens? (Use options(error =
> > NULL) to go back to the default behaviour.)
> >
> > Unrelated: var <- test$operator == 'T14' will also give you an
> > equivalent logical vector with a bit less work.
> >
> > --
> > Best regards,
> > Ivan
> >
>
> [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
>
> __
> R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
__
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Re: [R] Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed
Hi
Do not post in HTML, please.
Try to show your real data - use str(test), or preferably dput(test). If
test is big, use only fraction of it
The problem must be probably in your data.
x <- sample(1:20, 100, replace=T)
fake <- paste("T", x, sep="")
ifelse(fake=="T14", 1,0)
[1] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0
[38] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0
[75] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
head(fake)
[1] "T7" "T9" "T3" "T9" "T12" "T9"
> str(fake)
chr [1:100] "T7" "T9" "T3" "T9" "T12" "T9" "T19" "T19" "T12" "T2" "T17" ...
>
Cheers
Petr
> -Original Message-
> From: R-help On Behalf Of javed khan
> Sent: Wednesday, January 26, 2022 2:47 PM
> To: R-help
> Subject: [R] Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where
TRUE/FALSE
> needed
>
> I get this error:
>
> Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed
>
> I used this:
>
> var <- ifelse(test$operator == 'T14', 1, 0)
>
> operator has several values like T1, T3, T7, T15, T31, T37
>
> For some values like T3, T7 it works fine but for majority of values it
gives error.
>
> When I use: is.na(ts$operator), it shows all false values so no NAs.
>
> Where could be the problem?
>
> [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
>
> __
> R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
__
R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed
On Wed, 26 Jan 2022 14:47:16 +0100
javed khan wrote:
> Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed
> var <- ifelse(test$operator == 'T14', 1, 0)
The error must be in a place different from your test$operator
comparison. Have you tried traceback() to get the call stack leading to
the error? Or options(error = recover) to land in a debugger session
the moment an uncaught error happens? (Use options(error = NULL) to go
back to the default behaviour.)
Unrelated: var <- test$operator == 'T14' will also give you an
equivalent logical vector with a bit less work.
--
Best regards,
Ivan
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[R] Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed
I get this error:
Error in if (fraction <= 1) { : missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed
I used this:
var <- ifelse(test$operator == 'T14', 1, 0)
operator has several values like T1, T3, T7, T15, T31, T37
For some values like T3, T7 it works fine but for majority of values it
gives error.
When I use: is.na(ts$operator), it shows all false values so no NAs.
Where could be the problem?
[[alternative HTML version deleted]]
__
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https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
