Ted Garland made the very good point to me that "positivization" is not
the same as taking the absolute value of contrasts when several traits are
being considered. If, for example, one is inclined to positivize the
contrasts for two traits with respect to trait x, then a pair of contrasts
(x,
Hi Manabu,
Yes, "positivized" is the same as taking the absolute value.
For some of Garland et al.'s diagnostic tests on contrasts you might
need the "expected variances" of the contrasts (actually, proportional
to their expected variance prior to standardization), or the
unstandardized contr
