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Today's Topics:
1. [l2] [grammar] vyAkaraNa vaibhavaM - part 9 - sandhi 4
(Sai Susarla)
2. Re: [l2] [grammar] vyAkaraNa vaibhavaM - part 9 - sandhi 4
(Jonathan Gold)
3. [grammar] [l2] Regarding grammar lessons: Feedback please!
(Sai Susarla)
4. [l2] [grammar] vyAkaraNa vaibhavaM - part 9 - sandhi 4
(Jay Vaidya)
5. Embarrassing erratum: vaanto yi pratyaye is a suutra (Jay Vaidya)
6. Re: [l2] [grammar] vyAkaraNa vaibhavaM - part 9 - sandhi 4
taparastatkalasya (hn bhat)
7. Re: [l2] [grammar] vyAkaraNa vaibhavaM - part 9 - sandhi 4
(hn bhat)
8. Re: [l2] [grammar] vyAkaraNa vaibhavaM - part 9 - sandhi 4
Vaanto Yi Pratyaye reg. (hn bhat)
9. Re: [l2] [grammar] vyAkaraNa vaibhavaM - part 9 - sandhi 4
(hn bhat)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Message: 1
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 2009 01:32:02 +0530
From: Sai Susarla <sai.susa...@gmail.com>
Subject: [Sanskrit] [l2] [grammar] vyAkaraNa vaibhavaM - part 9 -
sandhi 4
To: Sanskrit Mailing List <sanskrit@cs.utah.edu>
Message-ID: <4b293cba.5060...@gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
By mistake, I forgot to send this mail in Unicode (UTF8) encoding. So
you must have seen ???? in place of devanagarii script everywhere.
I am resending this lesson correctly. I hope it works this time.
- Sai.
In the last sUtra I discussed in my previous lesson:
?????????? ??????? ???????
I believe the word samaanaam is ShaShThi vibhakti bahuvachana rUpam of
samaH = equal.
samasya samayoH samaanaam |
In that case, what bhaTTa mahodaya explained is,
samaanaaM anudeshaH yathaa-sankhyaM (syaat).
ityukte
sama-sankhyakaanaam
"A rule containing Equal-numbered enumerations will apply as a
number-wise correspondence"
echaH (e o ai au) -> (ay av aay aav) respectively.
The previous vidhi sUtra said "achi pare echaH ay av aay aav syuH"
ech varNas (e o ai au) when followed by ach become ay, av, aay and aav
respectively.
The next sUtra
*?????? ?? ????????*
says, "??????? ???????? ??? ?????? (i.e., ??? ???) ?????? "
Which varNa will become a vaantaH? the ??? ??????? ?????????? ????? (i.e., ? ?)
This basically says, in the presence of ya pratyayas, only ? and ? will
change to ??? and ???
e and ai will change to ay and aay in the presence of ach, and not in
the presence of ya pratyayaaH.
See the compactness in the expression of the sUtra! I love it!
No superfluous usage of words/letters. That's why it's a sUtra -
extremely dense statement -
with not a single letter uttered unnecessarily.
I wish we moderns could talk so efficiently instead of blabbering so
much to express so little.
I'm trying to understand and explain paaNini sUtras as far as possible
without need to state their LSK expansions.
My intent is not only to share with you knowledge of Sanskrit grammar,
but also
to help you appreciate the beauty of expression in paaNini sUtras firsthand.
Examples:
?? + ?? = ?? + ??? + ??? = ??????
?? + ?? = ?? + ??? + ??? = ???????
[What are the 'ya pratyayaaH'?]
Now for guNa sandhi, a heavily used sandhi in Sanskrit:
First the saMj~naa sUtraM that defines what a 'guNa' means:
????? ????
??? ??? ????
'at' means 'a' varNa (and all its 18 forms)
'e~N' means e o (from the maaheshvara sUtra ? ???)
Therefore, 'a', 'e' and 'o' are called guNa varNas.
This is a saMj~naa sUtra because it defines the term 'guNa'.
??????????????
I couldn't understand this sUtra from the LSK explanation given, and I
forgot what my teacher told me (it was a while ago :-)
Can someone help out?
The next sUtra is the guNa sandhi sUtra (vidhi sUtra). It says,
*???????*
*aat guNaH *
? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ???????
upa + indraH
Here, a is followed by ach. So both the 'a' and the 'ach' varNa
following it will be replaced by a corresponding guNa varNa phonetically
closest (according to the rule ??????????????, I think).
i = taalu, 'e' = kaNTha taalu, so a+i = e
u = oShTau, 'au' = kaNThoShThau, so a + u = o
upa + indraH = up + e + ndraH = upendraH
ga~Ngaa + udakaM = ga~Ng + o + dakaM = ga~NgodakaM
The next paaNini sUtra in LSK is
*?????? ??? ???????? ??? *(is this a paribhASha or saMj~naa suutra???)
upadeshe 'anu-naasikaH' ach it (syaat) |
In upadesha, i.e., in the maaheshvara sUtraaNi, the ach varNa with a
naasikaa varNa following it (anu) is to be interpreted as an 'it' saMj~naa.
Take
ha ya va ra T
la N
'N' is a naasikaa (nasal) varNa. In the sUtra laN, we have 'l', 'a',
'N'. Here the 'a' in the middle fits the bill of this sUtra and hence is
to be interpreted as an '???'.
What does '???' mean?
Just like 'ach' denotes all varNas (a i u R^i L^i e o ai au) upto the
'it' varNa called 'ch' in the maaheshvara sUtrANi,
'ra' denotes ?? and ?? because in the maaheshvara sUtra order, r l a N, if
'a' becomes an 'it' varNa, then 'ra' denotes letters starting with 'r'
upto but not including 'a' i.e., r and l.
So this sUtra causes the 'ra' letter used in the next sUtra to be
interpreted as 'r and l'
*???? ????*
?? ??? ???? ???????
Interpreting this sUtra was an 'aahaa' moment for me during my grammar
class with my teacher.
One can understand that this sUtra says, 'aN becomes followed by a 'ra'
varNa i.e., 'r' or 'l'. In whose presence? That question is answered by
the 'uH' word in the sUtra. What does 'uH' mean? It is the ShaShThi
vibhakti eka vachanam form of 'R^i'
Why?
look at the ShaShThii vibhakti form of '????' shabda. It is 'pituH'.
So the ShaShThii vibhakti form of 'R^i' varNa should be 'uH'.
Similarly, ShaShThii vibhakti form of 'L^i' is also 'uH' [experts! is
this true?]
Cool eh?
Now, according to '????? ?????? ????' sUtra that we saw before, in a sUtra
text, if a letter appears in ShaShThii vibhakti form,
then the sUtra's kaaryam happens on that. The kaaryam in this case is
'aadesha' meaning replacement.
The above sUtra should therefore be interpreted as
?, ? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?-??? ?????? or
What letters are denoted by R^i? The answer is given by the sUtra we
discussed earlier, '??????????????? ??????????' (see my earlier lesson (part
4, I think))
They are the 30 forms of 'R^i'
That means the letters denoted by 'R^i' and 'L^i' will be replaced by
'r' and 'l'
Examples:
????? + ?????? = ????? + ?? + ????? = ???????????? (kR^iShNasya samR^iddhiH iti
arthaH)
?? + ????? = ?? + ?? + ???? = ????????
If you were me, you'd be wishing that mahaa + R^iShiH = maharShiH could
be explained with this sUtra. Not so fast!
It can't be explained. We'll get to that later.
- Sai.
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Message: 2
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 2009 12:08:31 -0800
From: Jonathan Gold <johnnycl...@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Sanskrit] [l2] [grammar] vyAkaraNa vaibhavaM - part 9 -
sandhi 4
To: Sanskrit Mailing List <sanskrit@cs.utah.edu>
Message-ID:
<54130da90912161208j277be5f4o66d9c0f1a1023...@mail.gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
I saw devanagari. Using gmail under firefox in MS Vista.
On Wed, Dec 16, 2009 at 12:02 PM, Sai Susarla <sai.susa...@gmail.com> wrote:
> By mistake, I forgot to send this mail in Unicode (UTF8) encoding. So you
> must have seen ???? in place of devanagarii script everywhere.
> I am resending this lesson correctly. I hope it works this time.
> - Sai.
>
> In the last sUtra I discussed in my previous lesson:
>
> ?????????? ??????? ???????
>
> I believe the word samaanaam is ShaShThi vibhakti bahuvachana rUpam of
> samaH = equal.
> samasya samayoH samaanaam |
> In that case, what bhaTTa mahodaya explained is,
> samaanaaM anudeshaH yathaa-sankhyaM (syaat).
> ityukte
> sama-sankhyakaanaam
> "A rule containing Equal-numbered enumerations will apply as a number-wise
> correspondence"
> echaH (e o ai au) -> (ay av aay aav) respectively.
>
> The previous vidhi sUtra said "achi pare echaH ay av aay aav syuH"
> ech varNas (e o ai au) when followed by ach become ay, av, aay and aav
> respectively.
>
> The next sUtra
> *?????? ?? ????????*
> says, "??????? ???????? ??? ?????? (i.e., ??? ???) ?????? "
> Which varNa will become a vaantaH? the ??? ??????? ?????????? ????? (i.e.,
> ? ?)
>
> This basically says, in the presence of ya pratyayas, only ? and ? will
> change to ??? and ???
> e and ai will change to ay and aay in the presence of ach, and not in the
> presence of ya pratyayaaH.
>
>
> See the compactness in the expression of the sUtra! I love it!
> No superfluous usage of words/letters. That's why it's a sUtra - extremely
> dense statement -
> with not a single letter uttered unnecessarily.
> I wish we moderns could talk so efficiently instead of blabbering so much
> to express so little.
> I'm trying to understand and explain paaNini sUtras as far as possible
> without need to state their LSK expansions.
> My intent is not only to share with you knowledge of Sanskrit grammar, but
> also
> to help you appreciate the beauty of expression in paaNini sUtras
> firsthand.
>
>
> Examples:
> ?? + ?? = ?? + ??? + ??? = ??????
> ?? + ?? = ?? + ??? + ??? = ???????
>
> [What are the 'ya pratyayaaH'?]
> Now for guNa sandhi, a heavily used sandhi in Sanskrit:
>
> First the saMj~naa sUtraM that defines what a 'guNa' means:
> ????? ????
> ??? ??? ????
> 'at' means 'a' varNa (and all its 18 forms)
> 'e~N' means e o (from the maaheshvara sUtra ? ???)
> Therefore, 'a', 'e' and 'o' are called guNa varNas.
>
> This is a saMj~naa sUtra because it defines the term 'guNa'.
>
> ??????????????
>
> I couldn't understand this sUtra from the LSK explanation given, and I
> forgot what my teacher told me (it was a while ago :-)
> Can someone help out?
>
> The next sUtra is the guNa sandhi sUtra (vidhi sUtra). It says,
> *???????*
>
> *aat guNaH *
> ? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ???????
> upa + indraH
> Here, a is followed by ach. So both the 'a' and the 'ach' varNa following
> it will be replaced by a corresponding guNa varNa phonetically closest
> (according to the rule ??????????????, I think).
> i = taalu, 'e' = kaNTha taalu, so a+i = e
> u = oShTau, 'au' = kaNThoShThau, so a + u = o
> upa + indraH = up + e + ndraH = upendraH
> ga~Ngaa + udakaM = ga~Ng + o + dakaM = ga~NgodakaM
>
> The next paaNini sUtra in LSK is
> *?????? ??? ???????? ??? *(is this a paribhASha or saMj~naa suutra???)
> upadeshe 'anu-naasikaH' ach it (syaat) |
> In upadesha, i.e., in the maaheshvara sUtraaNi, the ach varNa with a
> naasikaa varNa following it (anu) is to be interpreted as an 'it' saMj~naa.
>
> Take
> ha ya va ra T
> la N
> 'N' is a naasikaa (nasal) varNa. In the sUtra laN, we have 'l', 'a', 'N'.
> Here the 'a' in the middle fits the bill of this sUtra and hence is to be
> interpreted as an '???'.
> What does '???' mean?
> Just like 'ach' denotes all varNas (a i u R^i L^i e o ai au) upto the 'it'
> varNa called 'ch' in the maaheshvara sUtrANi,
> 'ra' denotes ?? and ?? because in the maaheshvara sUtra order, r l a N, if
> 'a' becomes an 'it' varNa, then 'ra' denotes letters starting with 'r' upto
> but not including 'a' i.e., r and l.
> So this sUtra causes the 'ra' letter used in the next sUtra to be
> interpreted as 'r and l'
>
> *???? ????*
> ?? ??? ???? ???????
> Interpreting this sUtra was an 'aahaa' moment for me during my grammar
> class with my teacher.
> One can understand that this sUtra says, 'aN becomes followed by a 'ra'
> varNa i.e., 'r' or 'l'. In whose presence? That question is answered by the
> 'uH' word in the sUtra. What does 'uH' mean? It is the ShaShThi vibhakti eka
> vachanam form of 'R^i'
> Why?
> look at the ShaShThii vibhakti form of '????' shabda. It is 'pituH'.
> So the ShaShThii vibhakti form of 'R^i' varNa should be 'uH'.
> Similarly, ShaShThii vibhakti form of 'L^i' is also 'uH' [experts! is this
> true?]
> Cool eh?
>
> Now, according to '????? ?????? ????' sUtra that we saw before, in a sUtra
> text, if a letter appears in ShaShThii vibhakti form,
> then the sUtra's kaaryam happens on that. The kaaryam in this case is
> 'aadesha' meaning replacement.
> The above sUtra should therefore be interpreted as
> ?, ? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?-??? ?????? or
>
> What letters are denoted by R^i? The answer is given by the sUtra we
> discussed earlier, '??????????????? ??????????' (see my earlier lesson (part
> 4, I think))
> They are the 30 forms of 'R^i'
> That means the letters denoted by 'R^i' and 'L^i' will be replaced by 'r'
> and 'l'
>
> Examples:
> ????? + ?????? = ????? + ?? + ????? = ???????????? (kR^iShNasya samR^iddhiH
> iti arthaH)
> ?? + ????? = ?? + ?? + ???? = ????????
>
> If you were me, you'd be wishing that mahaa + R^iShiH = maharShiH could be
> explained with this sUtra. Not so fast!
> It can't be explained. We'll get to that later.
> - Sai.
>
> _______________________________________________
> To UNSUBSCRIBE or customize your subscription or topics of interest, visit
> http://mailman.cs.utah.edu/mailman/options/sanskrit
> and follow instructions.
>
>
--
Jonathan
Berkeley, CA
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Message: 3
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 2009 01:57:42 +0530
From: Sai Susarla <sai.susa...@gmail.com>
Subject: [Sanskrit] [grammar] [l2] Regarding grammar lessons: Feedback
please!
To: Sanskrit Mailing List <sanskrit@cs.utah.edu>
Message-ID: <4b2942be.8000...@gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed
mitraaNi,
Can those trying to learn grammar from my lessons please give me feedback?
The original purpose of my lessons (in addtion to reinforcing the
knowledge in my own mind) was to de-mystify paaNini grammar rules and
make their explanation palatable to today's students.
Are you finding them useful, or is my writing style repelling you from
Sanskrit grammar?
Please send me your feedback occasionally so I can correct or simplify
my style as appropriate.
- Sai.
------------------------------
Message: 4
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 2009 13:32:29 -0800 (PST)
From: Jay Vaidya <deejayvai...@yahoo.com>
Subject: [Sanskrit] [l2] [grammar] vyAkaraNa vaibhavaM - part 9 -
sandhi 4
To: sanskrit@cs.utah.edu
Message-ID: <713133.79230...@web56603.mail.re3.yahoo.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Regarding
taparastatkaalasya | 1.1.70
This is an exception to "aNudit savarNasya ca apratyayaH | 1.1.69
Both are sa~jjasuutras |
"aN", stands for
" a i u R^i L^i e o ai au h y v r l "
(Why not "a i u"? Let us leave that for an advanced class.)
Whenever a paaNiniiya suutra mentions one of the "aN" list, if that mention not
be the part of a "pratyaya", that mention will include all of the
savarNa-homologues of the mentioned varNa.
i.e., if 'i' is mentioned, it will stand for 'i' or 'ii' or 'i3', whether nasal
or non-nasal, no matter if they be udaatta, anudaatta or svarita
Sai-gaaru has already discussed the suutra
"iko yaN achi"
"ik" means i u R^i L^i
The example he discussed is sudhii + upaasyaH -> ii + u
'ii' is not mentioned in "iko yaN achi". However, because of the rule
"aNudit... 1.1.69" we know that if 'i' is mentioned, it stands for 'ii' as
well, because the mention is not specifically a 'pratyaya'.
Now what if paaNini, in some circumstance does not want the mention to include
all possible savarNas? Especially, paaNini had need to mention varNas, but
restrict the rule only to the long or only to the short vowel. In such a case,
paaNini says:
"taparas tatkaalasya. 1.1.70"
If followed by (associated with) a 't', the mentioned vowel only includes the
savarNa-homologues that are of the same length.
So if 'a' is mentioned, it would include a, aa, a3, nasal/non-nasal,
udaatta/anudaatta/svarita forms
But if 'at' is mentioned it would include ONLY the hrasva-short a, whether
nasal/non-nasal, udaatta/anudaatta/svarita forms
Applied to "at-eN^ guNaH | 1.1.2"
"at" only includes the hrasva 'a'. By the way "eN^" follows a 't', and is also
thus t-associated. "eN^" includes only diirgha e and diirgha o
If the LSK had not introduced us to "taparastatkaalasya" we students would have
thought that a, aa, a3... were all termed "guNa".
(Also small correction: "vaanto yi pratyaye" is not a suutra but a vaartika.
The vaartika rules are written by kaatyaayana, not paaNini. While paaNini's
suutras do not ever have even a single extra letter - and the non-repetition is
actually used in the interpretation of the suutras - kaatyayana's vaartika can
heave extra letters. The vaartika are often argumentative in nature - obviously
extra letters and words are used. However, Sai-gaaru's explanation of "vaanto
yi pratyaye" is quite good, and no correction is needed for that at all.)
Regards,
Dhananjay
*
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Message: 5
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 2009 13:45:16 -0800 (PST)
From: Jay Vaidya <deejayvai...@yahoo.com>
Subject: [Sanskrit] Embarrassing erratum: vaanto yi pratyaye is a
suutra
To: sanskrit@cs.utah.edu
Message-ID: <305461.87275...@web56608.mail.re3.yahoo.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Sorry Sai-gaaru for my completely erroneous para regarding vaanto yi pratyaye.
As you stated it is a suutra, (not a vaartika). It is fully covered by the "no
extraneous letters" rule.
To save me this embarrassment, could you please do what I should have done, and
include the ashhTAdhyaayii suutra number with the suutra-s?
e.g., vaanto yi pratyaye| 6.1.79
Quickly finding it in the 6th chapter 1st section, I would not have been fooled
by my bad memory regarding its being a vaartika.
Again, I apologize for the error.
Dhananjay
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Message: 6
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 2009 07:47:28 +0530
From: hn bhat <hnbha...@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Sanskrit] [l2] [grammar] vyAkaraNa vaibhavaM - part 9 -
sandhi 4 taparastatkalasya
To: Sanskrit Mailing List <sanskrit@cs.utah.edu>
Message-ID:
<b1ef99310912161817q11341ed8p634d765a6a7d3...@mail.gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
Dr. Dhananjaya, has explained in every detail both the sUtra-s useful in the
determination of the application of the content. Here, it is related with
Sa~nja.
In laghusiddhantakaumudi, they do not highlight Vartika-s separately, but
along with the Vritti portion. Only we have to understand by its tone of
assertion of the statement, generally followed by iti vacyam. Sometimes it
is not so, as in this case.
I will take up the Vartika in the next post in answer to the request of Sai.
Here it is only enough to summarize the explanation of the two Sutra-s
detailed by Dhananjaya as follows:
The letters contained in the pratyahara AN take its cognates (savarNa-s) (in
the Sutra-s) unless they happen to form paert of a Pratyaya. But when they
are affixed with the consonant "t", they will take only that is taken with
"t". Thus, when he says ad+e~N will be designed as GuNa, "a[t]" takes short
"a" and not dIrgha or pluta. Also[t] (e and o) will take dIrgha only and not
the pluta or hrasva (which doesn't apply in classical Sanskrit).
Hope this doesn't confuse further.
With regards
On Thu, Dec 17, 2009 at 3:02 AM, Jay Vaidya <deejayvai...@yahoo.com> wrote:
> Regarding
> taparastatkaalasya | 1.1.70
> This is an exception to "aNudit savarNasya ca apratyayaH | 1.1.69
>
> Both are sa~jjasuutras |
> "aN", stands for
> " a i u R^i L^i e o ai au h y v r l "
> (Why not "a i u"? Let us leave that for an advanced class.)
> Whenever a paaNiniiya suutra mentions one of the "aN" list, if that mention
> not be the part of a "pratyaya", that mention will include all of the
> savarNa-homologues of the mentioned varNa.
> i.e., if 'i' is mentioned, it will stand for 'i' or 'ii' or 'i3', whether
> nasal or non-nasal, no matter if they be udaatta, anudaatta or svarita
> Sai-gaaru has already discussed the suutra
> "iko yaN achi"
> "ik" means i u R^i L^i
> The example he discussed is sudhii + upaasyaH -> ii + u
> 'ii' is not mentioned in "iko yaN achi". However, because of the rule
> "aNudit... 1.1.69" we know that if 'i' is mentioned, it stands for 'ii' as
> well, because the mention is not specifically a 'pratyaya'.
>
> Now what if paaNini, in some circumstance does not want the mention to
> include all possible savarNas? Especially, paaNini had need to mention
> varNas, but restrict the rule only to the long or only to the short vowel.
> In such a case, paaNini says:
> "taparas tatkaalasya. 1.1.70"
> If followed by (associated with) a 't', the mentioned vowel only includes
> the savarNa-homologues that are of the same length.
> So if 'a' is mentioned, it would include a, aa, a3, nasal/non-nasal,
> udaatta/anudaatta/svarita forms
> But if 'at' is mentioned it would include ONLY the hrasva-short a, whether
> nasal/non-nasal, udaatta/anudaatta/svarita forms
>
> Applied to "at-eN^ guNaH | 1.1.2"
> "at" only includes the hrasva 'a'. By the way "eN^" follows a 't', and is
> also thus t-associated. "eN^" includes only diirgha e and diirgha o
> If the LSK had not introduced us to "taparastatkaalasya" we students would
> have thought that a, aa, a3... were all termed "guNa".
>
> (Also small correction: "vaanto yi pratyaye" is not a suutra but a
> vaartika. The vaartika rules are written by kaatyaayana, not paaNini. While
> paaNini's suutras do not ever have even a single extra letter - and the
> non-repetition is actually used in the interpretation of the suutras -
> kaatyayana's vaartika can heave extra letters. The vaartika are often
> argumentative in nature - obviously extra letters and words are used.
> However, Sai-gaaru's explanation of "vaanto yi pratyaye" is quite good, and
> no correction is needed for that at all.)
>
> Regards,
> Dhananjay
> *
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> To UNSUBSCRIBE or customize your subscription or topics of interest, visit
> http://mailman.cs.utah.edu/mailman/options/sanskrit
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>
>
--
Dr. Hari Narayana Bhat B.R.
EFEO,
PONDICHERRY
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Message: 7
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 2009 10:44:15 +0530
From: hn bhat <hnbha...@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Sanskrit] [l2] [grammar] vyAkaraNa vaibhavaM - part 9 -
sandhi 4
To: Sanskrit Mailing List <sanskrit@cs.utah.edu>
Message-ID:
<b1ef99310912162114o7ee1dbe2o5a7e58f6e55d9...@mail.gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
>
> The next sUtra
>
*?????? ?? ????????*
>
says, "??????? ???????? ??? ?????? (i.e., ??? ???) ?????? "
>
Which varNa will become a vaantaH? the ??? ??????? ?????????? ????? (i.e.,
> ? ?)
>
[What are the 'ya pratyayaaH'?]
Well, you have first misunderstood or ignored the Vritti sentence, which
precisedly answers your question by the correct interpretation of the ?????
(?????? ?.?.??) ??????????????? ???????????? p.17) and not ??????? as
mentioned by Dr. Dhananjaya.
There are two more Vartika-s under the same Sutra, which extends the "av"
before the word ???? as present in the word ??????? when it is used to
denote a unit of distance of way equal to two krosha=s.
Its not ya-pratyaya. But the expression ?? = ????????,This is adjective for
???????? = ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????????? Thus it means that
before a suffix begining with the consonant "y" (or before the consonant in
the initial position of a suffix,) ?????? = the pair of substitution ending
in "v" (among the four mentioned in the preceding ????? (?.?.??) i.e. ???
abd ??? will be extended. Naturally, they will be substituted for the vowels
? and ? already mentioned in the preceding ?????.
This meaning is derived by the application of the ??????? --- "???????
????????????????????" which is not a Panini Sutra, but a ??????? by ??????
(???). Apart from Sutra-s of Panini, a number of ???????-s are used to
interpret the rules, of which this is one mostly used. This is an exception
to ??? ??????????????? This means that the letter used in the Sutra-s as
adjectives the Saptami will apply itself in the initial position of the noun
and to the noun it qualifies. Thus, this makes the expression ?? ???????? as
above qualifying the initial letter of the suffix (???????).
Here, the suffixes in both cases, is ???. "???????????" (4\.3\.160) and
"?????..." (4\.4\.91) ??????-???????-s respectively, meaning ?????????? = ??
>> ???+? >> ?????? and ???? ??????? >> ?? >> ????+? >> ???????? (navigable
water)
Hope this more than needed for clarification of the point raised by you.
Rest in next.
--
Dr. Hari Narayana Bhat B.R.
EFEO,
PONDICHERRY
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Message: 8
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 2009 10:48:22 +0530
From: hn bhat <hnbha...@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Sanskrit] [l2] [grammar] vyAkaraNa vaibhavaM - part 9 -
sandhi 4 Vaanto Yi Pratyaye reg.
To: Sanskrit Mailing List <sanskrit@cs.utah.edu>
Message-ID:
<b1ef99310912162118i2b4ab278rc4b3ae7cb0d0f...@mail.gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
Sorry, I forgot to modify the subject line in my previous message. Hence
forwarding it with modified subject line precisely.
On Thu, Dec 17, 2009 at 10:44 AM, hn bhat <hnbha...@gmail.com> wrote:
> The next sUtra
>>
> *?????? ?? ????????*
>>
> says, "??????? ???????? ??? ?????? (i.e., ??? ???) ?????? "
>>
> Which varNa will become a vaantaH? the ??? ??????? ?????????? ????? (i.e.,
>> ? ?)
>>
> [What are the 'ya pratyayaaH'?]
>
> Well, you have first misunderstood or ignored the Vritti sentence, which
> precisedly answers your question by the correct interpretation of the ?????
> (?????? ?.?.??) ??????????????? ???????????? p.17) and not ??????? as
> mentioned by Dr. Dhananjaya.
> There are two more Vartika-s under the same Sutra, which extends the "av"
> before the word ???? as present in the word ??????? when it is used to
> denote a unit of distance of way equal to two krosha=s.
>
>
> Its not ya-pratyaya. But the expression ?? = ????????,This is adjective
> for ???????? = ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????????? Thus it means
> that before a suffix begining with the consonant "y" (or before the
> consonant in the initial position of a suffix,) ?????? = the pair of
> substitution ending in "v" (among the four mentioned in the preceding ?????
> (?.?.??) i.e. ??? abd ??? will be extended. Naturally, they will be
> substituted for the vowels ? and ? already mentioned in the preceding ?????.
>
> This meaning is derived by the application of the ??????? --- "???????
> ????????????????????" which is not a Panini Sutra, but a ??????? by ??????
> (???). Apart from Sutra-s of Panini, a number of ???????-s are used to
> interpret the rules, of which this is one mostly used. This is an exception
> to ??? ??????????????? This means that the letter used in the Sutra-s as
> adjectives the Saptami will apply itself in the initial position of the noun
> and to the noun it qualifies. Thus, this makes the expression ?? ???????? as
> above qualifying the initial letter of the suffix (???????).
>
> Here, the suffixes in both cases, is ???. "???????????" (4\.3\.160) and
> "?????..." (4\.4\.91) ??????-???????-s respectively, meaning ?????????? =
> ?? >> ???+? >> ?????? and ???? ??????? >> ?? >> ????+? >> ????????
> (navigable water)
>
> Hope this more than needed for clarification of the point raised by you.
>
> Rest in next.
>
>
> --
> Dr. Hari Narayana Bhat B.R.
> EFEO,
> PONDICHERRY
>
--
Dr. Hari Narayana Bhat B.R.
EFEO,
PONDICHERRY
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Message: 9
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 2009 12:22:46 +0530
From: hn bhat <hnbha...@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Sanskrit] [l2] [grammar] vyAkaraNa vaibhavaM - part 9 -
sandhi 4
To: Sanskrit Mailing List <sanskrit@cs.utah.edu>
Message-ID:
<b1ef99310912162252m6c53f944r94aac231f837b...@mail.gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
On Thu, Dec 17, 2009 at 1:25 AM, Sai Susarla <sai.susa...@gmail.com> wrote:
> The next paaNini sUtra in LSK is
>
?????? ??? ???????? ??? (is this a paribhASha or saMj~naa suutra???)
>
upadeshe 'anu-naasikaH' ach it (syaat) |
> In upadesha, i.e., in the maaheshvara sUtraaNi, the ach varNa with a
> naasikaa varNa following it (anu) is to be interpreted as an 'it' saMj~naa.
>
The above Sutra is a ?????? ????? like ????????? which is the next in order
of Ashtadhyayi. Well, this part needs much care and attention in explaining.
This is taken only as to introduce the "?-??????????" which is needed to
interpret the following Sutra: "???? ????"? which in turn is needed to
explain the next example of the Sutra in question "??? ????".
Having said this much to clarify the context, the Sutra simply means in the
Sutra-s, (Upadeshe), ac (the vowel) which is nasal (Anunasika) in
pronunciation. It has already been said in earlier occasion, that vowels are
anunaasika-s and niranunaasika-s. What is Anunasika? It is explained as
"????????????? ?????????" = ?????????????? ???????????? ????? = ?????????
which means any letter pronounced with mouth in its articulatory postition
using nasal cavity is called Anunaasika. Note, it is not as you have
explained, because there is a nasal consonant "N" after the vowel.
as the" N" itself is iT, it is not considered in the Maheshvara Sutra-s.
How to know which vowel is Anunasika? Only you have to know it from a
teacher (in the absence of which, from the commentary). This has been said,
"???????????????????? ?????????". (I am not sure whether this has not
already come earlier in the Samjna prakaraNa).
Now, coming to the point in question, about the "a" in the middle of the
Sutra "???" it is "???" whereas in all the other Sutra-s, the "a" following
the consonants in the Maheshvara Sutra-s are augmented for the convenience
of pronunciation of the consonants as ha, ya, va etc. ONLY in LAN sutra the
"a" is affixed as "???" among them.
Now, create a the "pratyahara" begnning with [???]?[??] ??[?] ra[T] and l{A}
= = ? .i.e the consonants falling between r a)[T] and l+a
formed with the "a" designated as it with "ra". Thus the first word "ra" in
the compound ra-para in next Sutra : "???? ?-???" is this pratyahara and
means followed by r and l. This qualified the ??? which substitutes the
vowel ?. I hope you might have already explained how ? and ?? are ?????-s.
Just I will draw the attention to the specific Vartika, in the absence of
which it is not possible to consider these two different vowels cognates :
"?-??-???????????? ????????? ????????". Now everything follows in the order
but for the explanation of the example where the sutra is applied.
????? + ?????? = ????? + ?? + ????? = ???????????? (kR^iShNasya samR^iddhiH
iti arthaH)
?? + ????? = ?? + ?? + ???? = ????????
Now, coming to the example of ???-????? in order, next vowels after a+i, and
a+u are ?+? and ? + ??. According to the rule of ???-?????, the ??? should
be substituted in the place of both the vowels. The nearest ??? is "?" which
would replace both in the first instance followed by "??" and in the second
"??" according to this newly introduced Paribhasha-Sutra i.e. ??? and ???
will replace both ?+? and ? + ?? in the examples as
????? + ?????? >> ?????? [?] +[?] ??? + ????? = ????????????
?? + ????? = ???[?] + [?]??? + ???? = ????????
That is all for the time being.
--
Dr. Hari Narayana Bhat B.R.
EFEO,
PONDICHERRY
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