Re: [Biofuel] accredation (old post revisited)

[lres1]

- Original Message - 
From: "Keith Addison" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: 
Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2006 12:07 PM
Subject: Re: [Biofuel] accredation (old post revisited)


> Hi Jason
>
> >For those interested in self-certification, a model of grassroots
> >alternative to USDA Organic that has gone global is Certified
> >Naturally Grown.  Might be worth looking into.
>
> Yes, CNG - Compressed Natural Gas, ulp. :-)
>
> Quite a lot of argument at SANET about it recently. You can see it here,
see:
> 27. Certified Naturally Grown vs. USDA?
>
> http://lists.ifas.ufl.edu/cgi-bin/wa.exe?A1=ind0603&L=sanet-mg
> SANET-MG Archives - March 2006
>
> Best
>
> Keith
>
>
> >Jason West
> >New Paltz, NY
> >
> >
> >On Apr 12, 2006, at 11:00 AM, Keith Addison wrote:
> >
> >>>I am going to bring up an old post (February- lets accredit  ourselves)
> >>>because I read the entire thread in the archives and didn't see  any
real
> >>>decision. Why don't we form a public trade group? It would be  huge,
given
> >>>the scale and reach of our mailing list alone. It should set off a
ripple
> >>>that would bring all the private 'fuellers out of the woodwork to
> >>>support or
> >>>at least parallel our cause.
> >>
> >>Hi Jason
> >>
> >>Unless my memory errs there were objections and no consensus. Not the
> >>first time, I think the first such proposal was four or five years
> >>ago.
> >>
Two things, as to accreditation.

One, if this site is sole property then it has a resale value, no worries on
that score. At present it works, it helps, offers a place to voice plus it
expands my thinking for one without wading through the front cover, the
dedications and the rest that come in books that take several months to get
here. Would like to know with clarity either way. As could be construed by
the message below.

> >>I'm one of the objectors, by the way. That's neither here nor there
> >>until it comes to the matter of using the Biofuel list as a vehicle
> >>to extend the scale and reach of a public trade group, which could
> >>include identifying the one with the other, for one thing. The
> >>Biofuel list is not up for grabs for such purposes, or certainly not
> >>just automatically anyway.
> >>

Two, accreditation does not necessarily needs be confined to the considered
borders inherent in "accreditation" boundaries. This can bring up a point in
lobbying, as has been discussed till death, perhaps? To have a non paying
registered membership, that is those from the Global community that want can
register under their true names to add meaning as a Global voice/group. This
would be an option for each individual to join if they wanted to be part of
a list that could help instigate long term change for the better, even short
term would give breathing space. Or perhaps in years to come it will just
make job hunting difficult as the members would be listed in a non-friendly
un-sustainable list initiated by third parties. Here in resides yet another
small equation. If a person or persons of prominence want to speak out and
by doing so would put themselves and family in the cross hairs wants to
join, can they do this under an alias on the proviso that their actual name
is retained by the list owner or with no record at all? Or is this already
the case?

The 50's and 60's saw the forming of many who "wanted out" and to this end
joined communes and the likes. Only trouble was the commune was only as good
as the governance, not many of those that sprung up in such short period of
time have lasted. Some that have lasted are either based on religion or
governed by company by-laws and articles of associations or both. The free
for alls seem to have all but dissipated into the ethos.

Trusting this site is based on one or the other or both, don't need to know,
don't even need an answer just need to know that there are multitudes out
there that want sustainability accountability, education, justice and
empathy for all. Change will come behind voices, once the voices wake up.

To actually be accredited as individuals for making fuel and passing tests.
WOW I can see many openings for multitudes of new arms for buddies positions
in the
UN/WB/ADB/EU not to mention the US. This would then increase taxes or the
tax consumption rate, add more paperwork, waist time and really lead to no
place than to kill the  initiatives of those those that don't have a S S in
H of ever getting 2 cents together for registering. We have just produced a
local language booklet
with warnings etc on Ethanol production for individual family use and
manufacture, no instruments, no meters of any kind. Trialed it many times
and so far all batches have worked in the same engines. The idea is to let
the small scale farmer make their own fuel without the EU/US/UN/WB/ADB
being involved.

I for one do not want yet more regulatory authorities filled with
non-taxpaying bungling manipulating buddies using my taxes checking up any
of my
pipes. Much better I do my own checking and rely on sites l

[Biofuel] Fw: New to this in New Zealand

[Daniel Louch]

Hi everyone

I'm very new to this home made biodiesel lark and have only got to the stage 
where I've run two 1 litre test batches with new canola.  The results have 
been really good and I have used the biodiesel in a primus stove (mixed with 
kerosene - it didn't burn properly on it's own).  I'm planning on running it 
through my old car (a '94 Mitsubishi) to see if it goes OK, but having read 
a lot of Journey to Forever, the engine will almost definitely run on it as 
they "will run on any fuel for a short period of time" - my idea is to run 
my old car on 100% BD to see if anything detrimental happens and then run 
both cars on it if all is OK.

I have now got all the chemicals I need to go into larger scale production 
and have acquired an old stainless steel LPG tank which I am planning to 
modify so I can use it as a reactor.

I would really appreciate being able to get in touch with biodieselers in 
New Zealand around the Hamilton area so I can see their setup and find out 
what their experiences have been like.  The place I get my chemicals from 
said they get quite a lot of biodieselers coming in so they are definitely 
some here!  I've looked through the archives and 'Bob-bmolloy' and 'Michael 
Williams' have mentioned NZ biodiesel producers but they appear to have gone 
off line with it.

The main problem I have come up against is obtaining waste oil.  I went into 
the local Burger King and they change the oil in their fryers every few days 
which sounded ideal as the oil wouldn't have been cooked to death.  The 
manager was very reluctant to let me help myself to the drum out the back so 
I had to contact the head office in Auckland who said I should contact 'The 
Tallow Man' who has the contract for removing the oil.  I did this and he 
tried to put me off making biodiesel because they'd tried it and had blown 
up the engine in their vehicle quite quickly - he said they'd filtered down 
to 10 microns but there were still microscopic solids in the oil that did 
the damage.  Not sure if they were tran-esterifying or just blending WVO 
with something else - anyway, it didn't put me off.

Either way, he was not happy for me to help myself to Burger King's waste 
oil as he pay the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry $1000 a year to do 
the job commercially.  They use the oil in animal feed but he said he'd be 
happy to sell me some oil if I wanted it but I'm not interested as it makes 
it too expensive.

I've approached a few local chip shops and takeaways but it's very hard to 
make myself understood (mainly due to language difficulties).  I did arrange 
to pick up some oil from one guy, but when I went back on their 'oil change 
day' he didn't recognise me and it was clear that they weren't changing the 
oil in their fryers.  He offered me a tub of crispy bits they had strained 
from their fryer but I tried to explain (to no avail) that this wasn't what 
I was after.  Besides, from the smells coming from the places I've visited, 
their oil is pretty old and has been cooked/burnt so I imagine the FFA level 
would be pretty high.  As such, finding out how the other people doing this 
in NZ get their waste oil is very interesting to me.  I considered placing 
an ad in the paper but don't want too much oil in case I find it hard to 
convert it (also, from what 'The Tallow Man' said, I could potentially be 
considered a commercial outfit and be subjected to fees, regulations and who 
knows what if I publicly advertised as someone who would 'dispose' of waste 
vegetable oil).

Also, a source of cheap methanol would be great - I paid NZ$70 for 20 
litres, but I'm sure it can be obtained at a cheaper price having looked at 
trademe (NZ equivalent to ebay).

Anyway, any help/advice would be great.

Thanks

Daniel 


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Re: [Biofuel] pressure stoves ???

[Daniel Louch]

Hi

I use a mix of 50% biodiesel and 50% kerosene in an Optimus pressure burner 
which works well.  Am thinking of changing the proportions to less kerosene, 
but neat BD just made a mess and didn't burn the way it was supposed to 
(i.e. just a big yellow flame instead of the blue 'roaring' flame)  I know 
it's not ideal as you will have to purchse the kerosene, but it's a step in 
the right direction.

Have yet to try it in my Tilley lamp.

Regards

Daniel
- Original Message - 
From: Tonomár András
To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org
Sent: Saturday, April 15, 2006 1:22 AM
Subject: [Biofuel] pressure stoves ???


Hello Keith,

I am having trouble to find pressure stove suitable for BD.
I have browsed through the links from JTF with little sucess.

The PETROMAX is quite expensive and is out of stock anyway.
others I find come with wick which you say is not working with BD

On JTF website you write that your pressure stove is from India.
I like that type ( acording to the picters) and would like to buy some (3-5) 
pieces
depending on the price / availability.

I would appreciate any info you can give me on the source of yours.
(email address, or phone, or fax)

I live in Hungary and most of the US websites does not deliver here.

I plan to upgrade my 60L reactor to a 250L and I would like to switch from 
electric heating to an
indirect heating system through a heat exchanger that I designed this 
involves suncollectors, puffer tanks,
and presure stoves.

I plan to post the design ( if successfull ) so that all can produce BD with 
minimal or zero energy cost.

any help from list members will be appreciated.
Kind regards,

András Tonomár
energetic engeneer




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Re: [Biofuel] Hydrogenated oil

[Keith Addison]

>Thanks Keith,
>Should have looked there first, I am now supposing that if I add animal
>fat and use the base/base method I will be fine.

I haven't been there Jim. Please let us know how you fare.

>Thanks again,

You're welcome. Much of it came from the list anyway.

All best

Keith


>Jim
>
>Keith Addison wrote:
>
> >>I have secured a small bit of hydrogenated Canola Oil.  It reminds me of
> >>shortening but more liquid.
> >>
> >>Would this be good stuff to make Bio out of ?
> >>
> >>JIM
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >
> >Hydrogenated oil, shortening, margarine
> >http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_yield.html#short


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Re: [Biofuel] MLK Thread, BYU professor's group accuses, etc

[Keith Addison]

>I'm not embarrassed.  There's been a gallon of verbiage here but 
>I've seen little for me to change my mind.
>
>
>On 14 Apr 2006, at 22:56, Mike Weaver wrote:
>
>>I think reading a little history might save you future embarrassment.

Etc etc.

Gary Green has now left the group and won't be back.

Keith Addison
Journey to Forever
KYOTO Pref., Japan
http://journeytoforever.org/
Biofuel list owner


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Re: [Biofuel] BYU professor's group accuses U.S.officialsoflyingabout 9/11

[Appal Energy]

> No, I think this is an excellent case that
> proves that if there is no violence or the
> threat of violence then nothing gets accomplished.

Ahhh.., the old "inside every peaceful marcher is a rock-throwing, 
window-bashing, car-burning, cop-hating anarchist just itching to get out" 
theory.

That's enough chuckles for one night, lest I burst a stitch.

> I really think you are trying to paint me a color
> I'm not.

Well aren't you painting others a color that they aren't, or at least that you 
don't know they aren't?

> I'll get there and have something good to pass onto
> my daughter

Hopefully you'll be painting a less dark, although realistic, picture for her 
along the way as well.

Todd Swearingen



Gary L. Green wrote:

>On 15 Apr 2006, at 03:14, Keith Addison wrote:
>
>
>  
>
>>Okay, let's take this recent chunk then, from Peter Solem:
>>
>>
>>
>>>Today on the University of California, Santa Cruz campus, an
>>>organized group of student protestors succeded in shutting down the
>>>campus job fair until the military recruiters were forced to  
>>>leave! [snip]
>>>  
>>>
>
>
>  
>
>>Please apply your thinking to this case. Was it useless? Was it just
>>a riot waiting for an excuse to happen? Was it all a waste of time
>>and effort anyway because it didn't make Page 1 in the NYT and FauxTV
>>didn't run a special?
>>
>>
>
>It did make coverage, at least on the net.  If something is seen it  
>can be a benefit.  If it's not seen it can't.  I've never said  
>anything different.
>
>  
>
>>How many hundreds of similar incidents have happened worldwide this
>>week?
>>
>>
>
>I don't know.  None?  I hope more than that.
>
>  
>
>>But it doesn't matter anyway because they didn't make Page 1 or
>>a FauxTV special either so they might as well not have happened for
>>all the good they did, right?
>>
>>
>
>No Keith, those are your words and your interpretation, not mine.
>
>  
>
>>Do you agree with all that? You should do, it's what you've been
>>saying. Or will you say it's just an exception that proves the rule
>>or some such similarly specious nonsense?
>>
>>
>
>No, I think this is an excellent case that proves that if there is no  
>violence or the threat of violence then nothing gets accomplished.
>
>To read the above account of what happened, you would think they were  
>all sitting in a circle peacefully singing Kumbaya and We Will  
>Overcome.  Such is not the case.
>
>Take a look at the pictures on the net.  Look at what was really  
>happening.  Look at the ANGRY protesters right in the face of the  
>recruiter.  Look at the signs saying Fuck You, yes those words  
>exactly.  Look at the other negative messages also.  Look at the in- 
>your-face actions of these angry people.  People acting in an  
>aggressive manner.  I read a report that stones were thrown after the  
>recruiters.
>
>Is this non-violent protest?
>
>Yes.  It is.  I'm sure this is just the way it happens many times.
>
>Please don't read anything that I've said to say that this is bad.   
>It's not.  Protest needs to happen.  The recruiters were there to  
>seduce young people to become cannon fodder for an illegal action  
>brought on by a fascist US government.
>
>I just believe that there is what we are told, and then there is the  
>way things really are.  I don't believe the squeaky clean images of  
>Ghandi, MLK or anyone else.   We see the protests, we see the  
>speeches, we don't see the back room discussions and deal making.
>
>
>  
>
>>Meanwhile you're sitting there in your pontificator's armchair
>>suitably buttressed with cushions and comfortable assumptions and
>>telling yourself you're part of the solution not the problem eh?
>>
>>
>
>Keith, I really think you are trying to paint me a color I'm not.   
>That comment was a bit mean spirited.
>
>Am I part of the problem?  Yes, in ways I am.  I still burn gasoline  
>in my vehicle.  I don't have PV on my house nor do I have wind power  
>generators.  I do vote and I try and make correct choices but what  
>good does that do I sometimes wonder.  A 12 hour work day is the norm  
>for me, most times longer.  My free time is taken up with projects  
>that I'm doing with other companies.  I live in a house that is a  
>part of a row of houses and there is not much room for planting  
>things though I'm trying to grow some food rather than all the herbs  
>my wife and bro in law have got planted.  I'm facing resistance.   
>When I talk about getting a diesel for our next vehicle I meet with  
>resistance.
>
>I'd like to build a nice rammed earth / mudbrick/ strawbale earthship  
>house with PV and wind and everything be recyclable and have it be  
>it's own little ecosystem and have a positive impact on the planet  
>but I'm not there yet.  I'm still earning my money for retirement and  
>sending my kid to college.  I'm doing it in an economy where the  
>local currency is not very valuable.  I'm planning for the future,  
>I'm reading all the

Re: [Biofuel] [SPAM] MLK Thread

[Gary L. Green]

I'm not embarrassed.  There's been a gallon of verbiage here but I've seen little for me to change my mind.  On 14 Apr 2006, at 22:56, Mike Weaver wrote:I think reading a little history might save you future embarrassment. ___
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[Biofuel] Fibonacci Poems Multiply on the Web After Blog's Invitation

[D. Mindock]

Yes
I
think
you will
take the test
to see if you can
write a good Fibonacci poem.

Peace, D. Mindock
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Fibonacci Poems Multiply on the Web After Blog's Invitation

Stephanie Diani for The New York Times

Gregory K. Pincus, with an example of his poetry, said that more than 1,000 
"Fibs" have been written so far.



By MOTOKO RICH
Published: April 14, 2006

Blogs
spread
gossip
and rumor
But how about a
Rare, geeky form of poetry?

And It Goes Like This: 0-1-1-2-3-5-8 (April 14, 2006)

THAT'S exactly what happened after Gregory K. Pincus, a screenwriter and 
aspiring children's book author in Los Angeles, wrote a post on his 
GottaBook blog (gottabook.blogspot.com) two weeks ago inviting readers to 
write "Fibs," six-line poems that used a mathematical progression known as 
the Fibonacci sequence to dictate the number of syllables in each line.
Within a few days, Mr. Pincus, 41, had received about 30 responses, a large 
portion of them Fibonacci poems. Most of them were from friends or relatives 
or people who regularly read his blog, which focuses on children's 
literature.
Then, last Friday, a subscriber to the popular Web site slashdot.org — which 
runs over a tagline that reads "News for nerds. Stuff that matters" — linked 
to Mr. Pincus's original post, and suddenly, it seemed, Fibs were sprouting 
all over the Internet.
Mr. Pincus, who wrote in his original post that he conceived of the 
Fibonacci poems in part as a writing exercise, said in an interview that he 
figures more than 100 other Web sites have linked to his post and more than 
1,000 Fibs have been written since the beginning of April, which just 
happens to be both National Poetry Month and Mathematics Awareness Month.
"It tickles me that it can spread like that," said Mr. Pincus. "It's such a 
wonderful thing."
Readers of the blockbuster best-selling "Da Vinci Code," of course, may 
recognize the Fibonacci sequence as the key to one of the first clues left 
for the novel's hero and heroine. It is also a staple of middle-school math 
classes. Though relatively rare in poetry, it shows up in the musical 
compositions of the early 20th-century composer Bartok and the progressive 
metal band Tool, the spiraling shape of the Nautilus shell and in knitting 
patterns.
By and large, most of the people who have written Fibonacci poems over the 
past couple of weeks are not professional poets, but actors, comedians, 
video role-play enthusiasts, musicians, computer scientists, lawyers and 
schoolchildren. Casey Kelly Barton, a stay-at-home mother and home-schooler 
in Austin, Tex., who started a blog called Redneck Mother to chronicle her 
"dissatisfaction after Bush got re-elected," used the Fib form to write a 
rant against the president.
Chat rooms linked to Web sites ranging from Actuarial Outpost, a forum for 
actuaries, to em411.com, a site for electronic musicians, have taken up Mr. 
Pincus's challenge and generated strings of the whimsical poems. Even a 
Hungarian technology site has linked to the Fibonacci post.
The allure of the form is that it is simple, yet restricted. The number of 
syllables in each line must equal the sum of the syllables in the two 
previous lines. So, start with 0 and 1, add them together to get your next 
number, which is also 1, 2 comes next, then add 2 and 1 to get 3, and so on. 
Mr. Pincus structured the Fibs to top out at line six, with eight syllables.
For many people, writing one of the poems is a little like solving a puzzle. 
Suresh Venkatasubramanian, a 32-year-old computer science researcher at AT&T 
Labs-Research in Florham Park, N.J., said he was attracted to the Fibonacci 
poetry because it reminded him of "what a computer scientist would call the 
'resource constraints.' " On his blog, Geomblog, Mr. Venkatasubramanian 
added two more lines to Mr. Pincus's original prescription, while still 
keeping to the Fibonacci sequence:

I
like
to blog.
Frequently.
Theory matters.
Computer science (theory)
is my home and geometric algorithms are
sublime. Let P be a set of points in general position in the plane. Amen.

The last line, said Mr. Venkatasubramanian, is an inside joke in geometry.
Emily Galvin, a screenwriter and film production assistant who is writing a 
collection of poems and short plays in verse for Tupelo Press, has written 
one of her plays using the Fibonacci sequence. Instead of using the 
progression to dictate the number of syllables in a line, she let it 
regulate the number of words.
Ms. Galvin, who said an ex-boyfriend once sent her love notes composed in 
the Fibonacci sequence, was delighted to learn of Mr. Pincus's success in 
spreading Fibs around the Internet. "How great that something mathematical 
could be bringing together all sorts of people who don't write 
professionally and giving them a form," she said.
More professional poets may be attracted to the form, said Annie Finch, a 
poet who teaches at the University of Southern Maine. "Poets are

Re: [Biofuel] BYU professor's group accuses U.S.officialsoflyingabout 9/11

[Gary L. Green]

On 15 Apr 2006, at 03:14, Keith Addison wrote:


>
> Okay, let's take this recent chunk then, from Peter Solem:
>
>> Today on the University of California, Santa Cruz campus, an
>> organized group of student protestors succeded in shutting down the
>> campus job fair until the military recruiters were forced to  
>> leave! [snip]


> Please apply your thinking to this case. Was it useless? Was it just
> a riot waiting for an excuse to happen? Was it all a waste of time
> and effort anyway because it didn't make Page 1 in the NYT and FauxTV
> didn't run a special?

It did make coverage, at least on the net.  If something is seen it  
can be a benefit.  If it's not seen it can't.  I've never said  
anything different.

>
> How many hundreds of similar incidents have happened worldwide this
> week?

I don't know.  None?  I hope more than that.

> But it doesn't matter anyway because they didn't make Page 1 or
> a FauxTV special either so they might as well not have happened for
> all the good they did, right?

No Keith, those are your words and your interpretation, not mine.

> Do you agree with all that? You should do, it's what you've been
> saying. Or will you say it's just an exception that proves the rule
> or some such similarly specious nonsense?

No, I think this is an excellent case that proves that if there is no  
violence or the threat of violence then nothing gets accomplished.

To read the above account of what happened, you would think they were  
all sitting in a circle peacefully singing Kumbaya and We Will  
Overcome.  Such is not the case.

Take a look at the pictures on the net.  Look at what was really  
happening.  Look at the ANGRY protesters right in the face of the  
recruiter.  Look at the signs saying Fuck You, yes those words  
exactly.  Look at the other negative messages also.  Look at the in- 
your-face actions of these angry people.  People acting in an  
aggressive manner.  I read a report that stones were thrown after the  
recruiters.

Is this non-violent protest?

Yes.  It is.  I'm sure this is just the way it happens many times.

Please don't read anything that I've said to say that this is bad.   
It's not.  Protest needs to happen.  The recruiters were there to  
seduce young people to become cannon fodder for an illegal action  
brought on by a fascist US government.

I just believe that there is what we are told, and then there is the  
way things really are.  I don't believe the squeaky clean images of  
Ghandi, MLK or anyone else.   We see the protests, we see the  
speeches, we don't see the back room discussions and deal making.


> Meanwhile you're sitting there in your pontificator's armchair
> suitably buttressed with cushions and comfortable assumptions and
> telling yourself you're part of the solution not the problem eh?

Keith, I really think you are trying to paint me a color I'm not.   
That comment was a bit mean spirited.

Am I part of the problem?  Yes, in ways I am.  I still burn gasoline  
in my vehicle.  I don't have PV on my house nor do I have wind power  
generators.  I do vote and I try and make correct choices but what  
good does that do I sometimes wonder.  A 12 hour work day is the norm  
for me, most times longer.  My free time is taken up with projects  
that I'm doing with other companies.  I live in a house that is a  
part of a row of houses and there is not much room for planting  
things though I'm trying to grow some food rather than all the herbs  
my wife and bro in law have got planted.  I'm facing resistance.   
When I talk about getting a diesel for our next vehicle I meet with  
resistance.

I'd like to build a nice rammed earth / mudbrick/ strawbale earthship  
house with PV and wind and everything be recyclable and have it be  
it's own little ecosystem and have a positive impact on the planet  
but I'm not there yet.  I'm still earning my money for retirement and  
sending my kid to college.  I'm doing it in an economy where the  
local currency is not very valuable.  I'm planning for the future,  
I'm reading all the posts here and I'm gathering info from the  
website.  I'll get there and have something good to pass onto my  
daughter or sell to someone else interested in being clean or cleaner.

Took me all day to type this between patients.  That's all I've got  
to say this time.  Launch the missiles again.

Gary




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Re: [Biofuel] Bring the Sixties Out of the Closet

[mark manchester]

Dear Gustl,

> From: Gustl Steiner-Zehender <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Reply-To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org
> Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2006 18:26:51 -0400
> To: mark manchester 
> Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Bring the Sixties Out of the Closet
> 
> Hallo Jesse,
> 
> Hey  dere!  So  how's by you, eh? Well, I know a fellow named Mark who
> used to live in Manchester, Michigan.
> 
> Wednesday, 12 April, 2006, 18:00:11, you wrote:
> 
> mm> Hi Gustl, Mike,
> mm> No  one  ever  answers my posts (except Keith, our hero), so I can
> mm> blithely write on this delightfully off-topic topic.
> 
> ...snip...
> 
> mm> Balance  of  idealism  and  practicality  indeed.  But what kid is
> mm> practical?  Bringing  up  the  question  of  when is it that human
> mm> beings  become  1)  aware  of their mortaility 2) humbled by it 3)
> mm> able   to  get  anybody  to  listen  to  them.  I  mean  this  not
> mm> morphologically, but as a maturity thing.
> 
> mm> Kids  today!  So  accountable!  Like  THEY have to fix everything.
> mm> While  listening  to  the  Beatles!!!  (I  have  not criticized my
> mm> children  on  this,  incidentally, they are still impressed that I
> mm> know all the words.)
> 
> Well,  I  just  arrived home and downloaded my mail and see that Keith
> has  already  answered you.  The only things I have to add are that it
> is the balance which is of primary importance and I like Frank Sinatra
> as  well  as Frank Zappa.  Well, I guess I should add that if you want
> to hear the best album ever recorded, IMNSHO, try and find Willis Alan
> Ramsey.   He  only  made one album and it had his name.  Every song on
> the  thing is a winner.

I'll take any advice in music that you offer.  I'm sure you're very
discerning.  I'm rushing out to find this Willis Alan Ramsey.

>My taste in music is eclectic in the extreme.
> We  once  had  to  write an essay on our favorite type of music and it
> wouldn't  have  taken me an essay to tell that...good music.  You know
> it  when  you  hear  it  even if you don't understand the language the
> words  are in or recognize the instruments which are being played. ;o)
> 
> Hope  you get some other answers brother.  I can't imagine Keith being
> the only one to answer any post on this list.  hahaha
> 
> Happy Happy,
> 
> Gustl

Thanks Gustl!  Mark is my husband, sorry that my email name is so confusing.
I have been reprimanded about this and should fix it, dammit!  Thanks for
answering my mail, but more, thanks for your many thoughtful and helpful
posts, you are a very compassionate and informed person and I always rush to
open your letters.
Jesse


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Re: [Biofuel] Bring the Sixties Out of the Closet

[mark manchester]

LOL!  No, she ran away at 16 and married a scoundrel.  Never wanted to go to
church again, either.  Produced two great daughters, mind you, in war-time
Canada, a single mom (scoundrel absentee).  No family help.  Quite crappy.
She was my great friend in her retirement.
Jesse

> From: "Michael Gian" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Reply-To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org
> Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2006 19:56:03 -0500
> To: 
> Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Bring the Sixties Out of the Closet
> 
> 
> 
> -Original Message-
> From:  mark manchester
> 
> 
> My Grandmother was sent to a convent when she was four, and never came back!
> 
> Grandpa? A priest?
> 
> GASOH,
> Michael
> 
> 
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Re: [Biofuel] Xenophobic email for 'Merikans - tax question

[Mike McGinness]

Mike,

I think I found the answer, or at least where to start trying to decode the 
answer.
Here are some links:

http://www.biodiesel.org/news/taxincentive/Biodiesel%20Notice%202005-62.pdf

http://www.biodiesel.org/news/taxincentive/IRS_Fuel_Tax_Guidance_Document_121604.pdf

http://www.biodiesel.org/news/taxincentive/

>From what this seems to say there may be a complex calculation of credits and 
>taxes
that becomes a wash or they may even owe you money.

Best,

Mike McGinness

Mike Weaver wrote:

> Thank you - I was wondering about federal taxes
>
> bob allen wrote:
>
> >Howdy Mike,
> >
> >  I once contacted the tax folks in Arkansas about this issue and they
> >basically said go away.  They have no mechanism for collecting "road
> >taxes" in Arkansas for non-traditional fuels.  And until there is
> >evidence for enough tax collection to justify  the salary and benefits
> >for a clerk to take care of the tax collection, it won't happen.  It may
> >even require legislation to define how to tax it. Federal taxes I don't
> >know about, but as someone else mentioned in a post just today or so,
> >there may be some sort of exemption for small produces. Similar to tax
> >exemptions for small scale beer and wine production?
> >
> >
> >
> >Mike Weaver wrote:
> >
> >
> >>I have been keeping track of the BD I am burning in my car - it's not
> >>much - does anyone know how to pay the sales tax due?
> >>
> >>-Mike
> >>
> >>
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> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >
> >
> >
> >
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Re: [Biofuel] Hydrogenated oil

[JJJN]

Thanks Keith,
Should have looked there first, I am now supposing that if I add animal 
fat and use the base/base method I will be fine.

Thanks again,
Jim

Keith Addison wrote:

>>I have secured a small bit of hydrogenated Canola Oil.  It reminds me of
>>shortening but more liquid.
>>
>>Would this be good stuff to make Bio out of ?
>>
>>JIM
>>
>>
>>
>
>Hydrogenated oil, shortening, margarine
>http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_yield.html#short
>
>
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>  
>

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Re: [Biofuel] BYU professor's group accuses U.S.officialsoflyingabout 9/11

[marilyn]

Gary wrote:

"Gandhi I've only got a passing familiarity with, even though he 
seems to be referred to as the father of non-violent protest.
Maybe he was perfect and maybe his followers were never 
incited to riot or to violence.  If so, then in this case I'm wrong.  I 
hope I'm  wrong.  I'd like to be wrong.  I wish my cynical world 
view was wrong  and that if you really are pure of heart then the 
truth will win out  in the end and peace will fall on the land but I 
guess I just haven't  seen it in my life time."

Get the video of the movie "Gandhi" and you will learn a lot about 
him. It's the best movie I ever saw. He forced Britain, the most 
powerful empire in the world, to leave his country. His protesters 
never responded with violence, even though the Brits used 
violence against them. One day the Brits killed hundreds of 
people, including children, in an enclosed courtyard with no way 
to escape, yet Gandhi still kept his people nonviolent.
Marilyn

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Re: [Biofuel] Bring the Sixties Out of the Closet

[Fred Finch]

Hi Keith and everyone, If I could jump in on the subject of people having kids for a moment...I have friends who are great teachers.  Of them, a large portion of them do not have children by choice.  They love teaching but having kids of their own is not part of the equation.  Teaching requires continual learning and less time for personal pursuits.  Children, for them, would remove the ability and freedom to teach.
I have always felt that Keith is a great teacher.  Taking information and presenting it to everyone in a concise form that we all can use and understand.  This does not make a great teacher a great parent.  
Also,   I was raised on Frank Zappa.  The first album that I was allowed to buy was Hot Rats.Music from the factories of mass consumption had no appeal for me.  I remember listening to Iggy Pop and the Stooges - Raw Power when I was eight years old and watching my mother cringe.
In the era of Disco, the Sex Pistols was the perfect antidote.  Mom hated that one.All my life music has been different than the big box, money making machine that we are forced to endure on broadcast radio.  
But I digress...fredfredOn 4/14/06, Keith Addison <[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> wrote:Hi again Jesse> > (Off-topic??? Grrr!) Sure, just as long as you're blithe about it.
>>I see your Grrr!  What, the care and future of the planet is not off-topic,>eh?  Good point.  I guess I was confining my thinking to the Title.Well, that too.> >> Balance of idealism and practicality indeed.  But what kid is practical?
> >> Bringing up the question of when is it that human beings become>1) aware of> >> their mortaility  2) humbled by it  3) able to get anybody to listen to> >> them.> >
> > Okay, I'll try, though how would I know...> >> > When it's too late? Or just in time maybe.>>This is IMHE the prevailing feeling among very many 20-somethings.  A sort>of terrible urgency, bordering on despair.
But that doesn't strike me as inappropriate right now.> > This is about the Sixties. "Don't trust anyone over 30!" they used to> > say in the Sixties. LOL!> >> > But it's a lot easier to get taken seriously after you're 30,
> > suddenly you find you don't have to bother about it much anymore.> > Hopefully there's still something left by then. You know the old> > saying: If you're not a liberal when you're 25 there's something
> > wrong with you; if you're still a liberal when you're 35 there's> > something wrong with you. But that's the> > if-you-can't-beat-them-join-them school of being taken seriously.>
>Yes, the hard line.>> > Psychologists have said 80% or something of people don't show any> > significant further character development after the age of 25. So> > maybe your answer is 25. But idealism? They want to change the world?
> > Not 25 then, not if you're talking of the creative minority. But> > who'd want to be part of the creative minority anyway? Ahead of their> > time, out of step with everyone else, and totally essential. Yuk. And
> > never taken seriously. Every peasant village has its innovator> > farmer, he tinkers with stuff, tries it this way and that way and> > finds some better answers, but everyone else laughs at him. But it
> > turns out that when their sons grow up and take over they do it the> > tinker's way, and when someone new suggests something different they> > say Naah, you're nuts, this is the way our grandfathers and
> > great-grandfathers always did it and it's good enough for us.>>Why do people forget that?Don't know. Maybe it wouldn't work so well otherwise.>My mother was herself arrested in a political
>demonstration, yet is deeply horrified that my daughter would expose herself>to the possibility.  Okay, I guess she sees it as a low point in her>political career.I got arrested too, in a different sort of political demonstration,
but it's just something that happened.There's no dishonour in such an arrest. But there's also RachelCorrie, and a hell of a lot of other people. That's something to beconcerned about.> > When my friends and I started turning about 50 we started saying
> > things like this, with some dismay: "But the more I learn the less I> > know!" LOL! At least it's a bit humble. A guy I worked for once told> > me I'm the sort of person who never stops learning, which kind of
> > startled me at the time. He wasn't being nice, he was angry with me.> > With any luck I'll go on knowing less and less until finally I know> > nothing at all - nirvana! It makes you think of the 80% who stop at
> > 25, maybe it's learning that they stop doing. Well, I have no> > argument with them at all, and it doesn't have to stop them growing> > old and wise, and graceful, it seeps in by osmosis anyway.
>>Hope so.> >> > Kids, I guess if you just love them it'll all turn out the way it> > should, imsh'allah. But loving them can be really uphill work, they> > can sure be hard to like at times. It probably doesn't matter though
> > because the chemo-psychological effects or whatever of the act of> > having them in th

[Biofuel] What Is Public Health and Why Does It Matter?

[Keith Addison]

What Is Public Health and Why Does It Matter?

By adopting a "public health perspective" we could all find many new 
allies, connect our favorite issues with other people's favorite 
issues, and thus build a stronger, multi-issue movement to champion 
environment, health, democracy, and justice.

-

From: Rachel's Democracy & Health News #850, Apr. 13, 2006

[Printer-friendly version]

What Is Public Health And Why Does It Matter?

By Peter Montague

I'll define public health in a minute. But first, "Why does public 
health matter?"

Public health matters because

** Many of us are spending our lives working on public health 
problems without necessarily recognizing that that's what we're doing.

When we worry about mercury in fish, the effects of diesel exhaust on 
asthma, lead paint in housing, schools built on toxic waste dumps, or 
workers getting leukemia from benzene -- we are worrying about the 
same kinds of problems that public health workers have been tackling 
since about 1850. Long before there was an Environmental Protection 
Agency (created in 1970), public health workers have been trying to 
make the environment (broadly defined) safer for humans.

** Remarkably, most of us are working on public health problems 
without building any bridges to the public health professionals and 
institutions that have been focused on related "environment and 
health" problems since 1850 or, in some cases earlier. (Baltimore 
established its public health department in 1798). As a result, we 
are not supporting the public health system, which definitely needs 
our help -- and we are failing to connect with a group of powerful 
allies who could help us advocate for our issues.

** We could all benefit from adopting the "public health perspective" 
-- which openly acknowledges that three environments influence human 
health: the 
natural, the built, and the social. Public health workers acknowledge 
that human health is powerfully influenced by water and air (nature) 
and by asbestos and diesel fumes (the built environment), but they 
also acknowledge the powerful influences of low income, social 
isolation, pyramids of status, poor education, stressful jobs, 
depression, and the sense that one's life is out of control.

By adopting a "public health perspective" we could all find numerous 
new allies, connect our favorite issues with other people's favorite 
issues, and thus build a stronger, multi-issue movement to champion 
environment, health, democracy, and justice. This is not as far- 
fetched as it may sound to some who have grown cynical or despondent 
about the possibilities for social change. Hear me out.

** Finally, public health matters because the main idea propelling 
public health practice has always been prevention.[1] Thus a modern 
precautionary (preventive) 
approach to environmental protection is entirely consistent with the 
historical mission of public health, which can be summarized 
succinctly as "prevention."

Why is prevention important? Because, as Ronald Wright says in his 
important little book, 
A Short History of 
Progress, "Like all creatures, humans have made their way in the 
world so far by trial and error; unlike other creatures, we have a 
presence so colossal that error is a luxury we can no longer afford. 
The world has grown too small to forgive us any big mistakes."

So prevention is more important than ever before, prevention has 
always been the basis of public health practice, and now -- with the 
advent of the precautionary principle -- prevention is becoming the 
basis of modern environmental protection.

In sum, the precautionary approach to "environmental health" problems 
can be informed and energized by many aspects of public health 
practice, and 
th 
e public health system could be revitalized and given new purpose by 
joining forces with environmental health advocates.

So what is public health?

In Chapter 1 
of his graduate-level textbook, 
Public Health, What It 
Is and How It Works -- now in its third edition -- Bernard Turnock 
offers several "visions" of public health that various people share:

** It is literally the health of the public -- our success at curbing 
infectious diseases (diphtheria, polio) and our less-successful 
efforts to eliminate chronic disorders (cancer, diabetes, 
depression), and to foster good health through exercise, nutrition, 
decent workplaces and friendly neighborhoods.

** It is the professionals who staff public health departments -- who 
offer flu vaccines, make sure restaurants meet minimum health 
standards, try to minimize lead poisoning among ch

[Biofuel] Power Of Community: How Cuba Survived Peak Oil

[Keith Addison]

See also:

http://snipurl.com/p89z
Search results for '+cuba +organic'
biofuel

-

How Cuba Survived Peak Oil

With the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 Cuba lost 50% of its oil 
imports and the belt-tightening began. Cubans lost an average of 30 
pounds. Single-occupant cars became a relic from the past. But in the 
process, Cubans also gained better education, mass transportation, 
and sustainable agriculture. Petroleum scarcity drove their economy 
to organic farming, urban agriculture, mass transit, and a 
reinvigorated health care system whose preventive, locally-based 
approach conserves scarce resources.
  - Rachel's Democracy & Health News #850

-

From: Permaculture 
Activist, Feb. 24, 2006

[Printer-friendly version]

Power Of Community: How Cuba Survived Peak Oil

By Megan Quinn

Havana, Cuba -- At the Organiponico de Alamar, a neighborhood 
agriculture project, a workers' collective runs a large urban farm, a 
produce market and a restaurant. Hand tools and human labor replace 
oil-driven machinery. Worm cultivation and composting create 
productive soil. Drip irrigation conserves water, and the diverse, 
multi-hued produce provides the community with a rainbow of healthy 
foods.

In other Havana neighborhoods, lacking enough land for such large 
projects, residents have installed raised garden beds on parking lots 
and planted vegetable gardens on their patios and rooftops. Since the 
early 1990s, an urban agriculture movement has swept through Cuba, 
putting this capital city of 2.2 million on a path toward 
sustainability.

A small group of Australians assisted in this grass-roots effort, 
coming to this Caribbean island nation in 1993 to teach permaculture, 
a system based on sustainable agriculture which uses far less energy. 
This need to bring agriculture into the city began with the fall of 
the Soviet Union and the loss of more than 50 percent of Cuba's oil 
imports, much of its food and 85 percent of its trade economy. 
Transportation halted, people went hungry and the average Cuban lost 
30 pounds.

"In reality, when this all began, it was a necessity. People had to 
start cultivating vegetables wherever they could," a tour guide told 
a documentary crew filming in Cuba in 2004 to record how Cuba 
survived on far less oil than usual.

The crew included the staff of The 
Community Solution, a non-profit organization in Yellow Springs, Ohio 
which teaches about peak oil -- the 
time when oil production world-wide will reach an all-time high and 
head into an irreversible decline. Some oil analysts believe this may 
happen within this decade, making Cuba a role model to follow. "We 
wanted to see if we could capture what it is in the Cuban people and 
the Cuban culture that allowed them to go through this very difficult 
time," said Pat Murphy, The Community Solution's executive director. 
"Cuba has a lot to show the world in how to deal with energy 
adversity."

Scarce petroleum supplies have not only transformed Cuba's 
agriculture. The nation has also moved toward small-scale renewable 
energy and developed an energy-saving mass transit system, while 
maintaining its government-provided health care system whose 
preventive, locally-based approach to medicine conserves scarce 
resources.

The era in Cuba following the Soviet collapse is known to Cubans as 
the Special Period. Cuba lost 80 percent of its export market and its 
imports fell by 80 percent. The Gross Domestic Product dropped by 
more than one third.

"Try to image an airplane suddenly losing its engines. It was really 
a crash," Jorge Mario, a Cuban economist, told the documentary crew. 
A crash that put Cuba into a state of shock. There were frequent 
blackouts in its oil-fed electric power grid, up to 16 hours per day. 
The average daily caloric intake in Cuba dropped by a third. 
According to a report on Cuba from Oxfam, an international 
development and relief agency, "In the cities, buses stopped running, 
generators stopped producing electricity, factories became silent as 
graveyards. Obtaining enough food for the day became the primary 
activity for many, if not most, Cubans."

In part due to the continuing US embargo, but also because of the 
loss of a foreign market, Cuba couldn't obtain enough imported food. 
Furthermore, without a substitute for fossil-fuel based large-scale 
farming, agricultural production dropped drastically.

So Cubans started to grow local organic produce out of necessity, 
developed bio-pesticides and bio-fertilizers as petrochemical 
substitutes, and incorporated more fruits and vegetables into their 
diets. Since they couldn't fuel their aging cars, they walked, biked, 
rode buses, and carpooled.

"There are infinite small solutions," said Roberto Sanchez from the 
Cuban-based Foundation for 

Re: [Biofuel] sustainable biodiesel from Casto : Big is notbeautiful, small is more sustainable

[Keith Addison]

Thankyou.

Here's the original question and the reason for asking:

> >>> That seems to be the main problem. Castor oil is 100 times more
> >>> viscous than petro-diesel. Castor oil biodiesel is less viscous than
> >>> the straight oil, but several references say it is still higher than
> >>> the national standards specification limits. If there is an easy way
> >>> to make it less viscous or to solve the problem that would be
> >>> valuable to know.
> >>>
> >>> Do you have any further information on this?
> >>>
> >>> This is quite interesting on how castor oil works as a lubricant and
> >>> why it's different to other oils:
> >>> http://www.georgiacombat.com/CASTOR_OIL.htm
> >>> CASTOR OIL
> >
> > Castor oil has good lubricity, I wonder if castor oil biodiesel have
> > better lubricity than others. Maybe that could offset the viscosity
> > problem. More and more places are following the French and specifying
> > biodiesel as a lubrication additive in LS diesel fuel. If it had
> > better lubricity you'd need to use less, and the high viscosity
> > wouldn't matter at such a low percentage. Which is where I grind to a
> > halt because the difference between lubricity and viscosity isn't
> > that clear, or at least not to me, especially when you add high
> > temperatures. Anyone know better?

The information at the link is interesting.

Best

Keith


>Greetings Doug,
>
>You said,
>
>"They are not related."
>
>This may be true sometimes (1), but I think there is some kind of relationship
>between the two, but it may not be easy, or simple to explain. I found an
>excellent online reference on lubrication, friction and viscosity here:
>
>http://www.usace.army.mil/inet/usace-docs/eng-manuals/em1110-2-1424/c-2.pdf
>
>I found this on page 6 of the reference:
>
>"Lubricants: Reduced wear and heat are achieved by inserting a lower viscosity
>(shear strength) material between wearing surfaces that have a relatively high
>coefficient of friction."
>
>The army took ten pages to cover the topic of lubrication, so it is a somewhat
>complex topic.
>
>This site also had some interesting data on biodiesel as a lubricity 
>enhancer /
>additive:
>
>http://www.me.iastate.edu/biodiesel/Pages/bio23.html
>
>I was taught in my fluid mechanics class that "viscosity is the resistance
>(friction) to flow of fluid under an applied sheer force".
>
>I think that too low or too high a viscosity motor oil (all other parameters
>being equal) increases friction in the engine (less apparent lubricity of the
>fluid?). There is an optimal viscosity. From what I have read, 
>friction (or the
>inverse? lubricity, or lack of friction?) is a complex property of the entire
>system, where the two surface materials on either side of the fluid, 
>the fluid,
>any particles released from the two sliding surfaces, and the viscosity of the
>fluid all affect the sliding friction.
>
>Said another way, there is a relationship between friction and lubricity. A
>higher lubricity lubricant reduces the friction in a system. Viscosity is a
>measure of the resistance (a kind of friction. The army document 
>above discusses
>different, other  kinds of friction.) to flow of fluid between two sliding
>surfaces (an applied sheer force). The problem is the relationship is very
>complex. Film thickness also gets involved which involves viscosity. Lastly
>viscosity, and film thickness are affected by temperature which increases with
>heat (friction).
>
>(1) To make matters worse (in answering this question and getting to 
>the heart of
>engineering definitions), there are dry film lubricant coatings 
>(Teflon and Moly)
>that I am familiar with,  that increase the lubricity of the sliding surface.
>They are dry films, not fluids and to my knowledge they do not have 
>a viscosity.
>In this case I guess you would be right, viscosity would not be related to
>lubricity.
>
>Finally I found this on page 8-9. It was an eye open for me, as I had not run
>across it before.
>
>"Oiliness.
>Lubricants required to operate under boundary lubrication conditions 
>must possess
>an added
>quality referred to as “oiliness” or “lubricity” to lower the coefficient of
>friction of the oil between the
>rubbing surfaces. Oiliness is an oil enhancement property provided through the
>use of chemical additives
>known as antiwear (AW) agents. AW agents have a polarizing property 
>that enables
>them to behave in a
>manner similar to a magnet. Like a magnet, the opposite sides of the oil film
>have different polarities.
>When an AW oil adheres to the metal wear surfaces, the sides of the 
>oil film not
>in contact with the metal
>surface have identical polarities and tend to repel each other and 
>form a plane
>of slippage. Most oils
>intended for use in heavier machine applications contain AW agents."
>
>Best,
>
>Mike McGinness
>
>
>[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
> > I understand that lubricity has to do with the ability of the oil to
> > maintain a lubricating film under pressure.
> >
> > Viscosity has

[Biofuel] The Fight Is on in Humboldt County, California

[Keith Addison]

The Fight Is on in Humboldt County, California

On June 6, the voters of Eureka, California will vote on Measure T, 
titled "Ordinance to Protect Our Rights to Fair Elections and Local 
Democracy." The ordinance would prohibit non-local corporations from 
making campaign contributions to local elections in Eureka. The 
opposition 
has wrapped itself in the First Amendment arguing that corporate 
money is a form of "free speech." Advocates for measure T reply that 
the First Amendment was intended to protect living, breathing humans, 
not pieces of paper called corporations. The fight is on.
- Rachel's Democracy & Health News #850

-

From: Eureka (Calif.) Times-Standard, Mar. 27, 2005

[Printer-friendly version]

Measure T will ensure local control

By Nicole Spencer

"I hope we shall crush in its birth the aristocracy of our monied 
corporations which dare already to challenge our government to a 
trial by strength, and bid defiance to the laws of our country." -- 
Thomas Jefferson.

In the last Voices issue [in the Eureka Times-Standard newspaper], 
Robert 
Zigler authored an opinion piece attacking Measure T. Among his many 
factually challenged criticisms of our campaign, Zigler cites 
Democracy Unlimited of Humboldt County as his source of understanding 
for Measure T. He quotes the Democracy 
Unlimited website at length, but it appears that he didn't even go to 
the website of the organization actually sponsoring the measure: the 
Humboldt Coalition for Community Rights (HCCR) -- 
www.VoteLocalControl.org.

Democracy Unlimited is one of the organizations endorsing Measure T, 
but Zigler conveniently fails to mention the other people and 
organizations backing the measure, including: the Humboldt Democratic 
Party, the Humboldt Green Party, the Central Labor Council, a number 
of other local labor unions, over a dozen current and former elected 
officials including Humboldt District Attorney Paul Gallegos, a host 
of other local organizations and over 250 individuals (including a 
number of local and national attorneys). This diverse coalition is 
standing together to support Measure T because we support community 
rights, local control and individual rights over the notion that 
corporations should be treated the same as human beings.

And we stand in good company. From Thomas Jefferson and Adam Smith to 
Abraham Lincoln and the late Chief Justice Rehnquist, there have been 
many patriotic Americans who have pointed out the obvious truth: a 
corporation is not a person. While there is nothing wrong with doing 
business and nothing inherently wrong with a corporation, that does 
not mean that corporate personhood is necessary, inevitable, 
democratic or in keeping with American values.

Measure T is not anti-corporate, it is pro-local control. Local 
corporations would still be allowed to contribute to elections. 
Measure T would in no way limit the rights of newspapers, corporate 
controlled or otherwise, to endorse or oppose candidates or ballot 
measures, nor would it restrict any person from contributing to 
campaigns.

The statement that Measure T restricts freedom of speech is based on 
the false assumptions that corporations are human beings and that 
money is speech. Corporate personhood isn't necessary for 
corporations to exist. Corporations existed in this country for over 
100 years before they were dubbed "people" by the courts.

In the United States, corporations were originally mandated to serve 
the public good. However, during the late 1800s (known as the "Robber 
Baron" era in history textbooks), railroad corporations amassed 
tremendous wealth that would be used to litigate their way to 
becoming "people." Corporate lawyers brought lawsuit after lawsuit, 
all the way up to the Supreme Court, claiming that the clauses 
guaranteeing equal protection and due process in the 14th Amendment 
had been meant for them. Between 1890 and 1910, there were 307 cases 
brought before the court under the 14th Amendment. 288 of these cases 
were brought by corporations and only 19 by African Americans (the 
people for whom the amendment's protections had been intended).

Judges gave way to the pressure in 1886 with Santa Clara County vs. 
Southern Pacific Railroad. This case substantially changed the 
democracy our founding fathers intended and breathed life and 
"personhood" into an artificial entity that had always been beholden 
to the people before that time.

This is not ancient history. Today the power of corporate personhood 
outweighs labor, environmental and small-business protections. When a 
corporation successfully argues that its personhood "rights" are 
violated, a law attempting to protect people from potential harm is 
overturned.

In the 1970s