[Biofuel] HAPPY 2006 AND FRUITFUL NEW YEAR
Dear Biofuel list´s members, my research team members, and my beloved Biofuel list leader KEith It is my deepest will and pleasure that everyone of you enjoy a happy and fruitful new year 2006, seeing biomass based rural eco friendly technology taking off to playing relevant role in today and tomorrow´senergy shares bringing light and prosperity to the the darken area of the rural world.Let us all join for hand to make the colaborative work for the same. Kindest regards.Pannirselvam-- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQ Centro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQGrupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - Brasil Residence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557 Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] ethanol distillation
Helow Jonathan Water distillation is mainly concerned with evaporation and then condensation water vapor evaporated, where as alcohol still need to selectively seperate low volatile etanol using heat ,as well as can condense selectively the ethanol and hence need column.Thus water distiller can be mainly smalltank type ,less condensation problem ,where as ethanol still is column.Hence tey need to be diffrent in design , eventhouh they all envolve similar process as you outlined. We here do like the design for small scale equipment for sustainable biofuel process developments.using air as coolant and then recover the energy for drying can be possible ,but yet taht type of noval distillation units need to evolved .You can try one taht can save the huge energy cost of ethanol as one need 5 Kg of steam for every 1 l of ethanol. sd Pannirselvam P.V On 11/23/05, Jonathan Schearer [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I have a question for the group. Would a water distiller like the kind found at www.waterdistiller.com be similar to an alcohol still? Usually an alcohol still has a column and uses water as the coolant for the condenser. These water distillers use a coil that is air cooled. Yahoo! Music Unlimited - Access over 1 million songs. Try it free. ___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQCentro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - BrasilResidence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Jatropha Curcas
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:Biofuel@sustainablelists.org wrote:We are thinking of planting Jatropha Curcas trees using earthworms tocompost waste, the compost we get from the wormswe will use for the Jatropha trees.This URL has a very good article on jatropha's benefits as a fuel and for other things.http://www.ecoworld.org/Home/Articles2.cfm?TID=356http://www.ecowor ld.org/Home/Articles2.cfm?TID=356Europe Adopts Biodiesel CAN AN AFRICAN BEAN CRACKEUROPE'S BIODIESEL BLOCKAGE? By Candida Jones A row ofJatropha trees - plants with potential to alleviate fuel shortages Editor's Note: Jatropha is an example of a plant that could begrowneven if it didn't yield biofuel. It is useful for restoring soil,combatting desertification, and providing fertilizer. It requiresminimal inputs of water and grows in extremely poor soil. Any plant that is a cash crop anyway and costs almost nothing togrowcan't be a bad candidate for an economically viable biofuel.(See URL above for the rest.)___ Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.orghttp://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/-- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN Departamento de Engenharia Qumica - DEQCentro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Ps Graduao em Engenharia Qumica - PPGEQGrupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitrio CEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - BrasilResidence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal210 32171557Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Plastic solar cells using reused plastics and biofuel making
Hi Joe, Keith and ALL The reuse of Plastics (PET) after adequate thermal treatment has been showed to be very good charge transport used successfully together with conventional silicon PV system reducing the cost and may possible to be home made .. Thus significative cost reduction has been made by this system by the research done in Brasil..We are starting our research to work on this novel system to be used to heat the BioD reactor to make simple heating bio oil fuel to be used in rural areas .This oil will be to be used with novel biofuel dried oil solid /stove designed with hih temperature combustion with lower fuel consumption to be used in remote por village as an alternate to ethanol solid gel fuel and wish to have collaboration from our list members for colaborative research and development as this is our Master cousre research study for 2006 and 2008.Any novel ideas from experiencied are welcome as we are very new to some systems and the system integration We wish to share our master student Johnson experience with you who has 4 year practical experience to make the reused polymer PV system for small scale electrical PV system in Brasil , who have demonstrated the device in natcional and international fair and has owned the award for the best product in national level We have already made good progress in the design work of these three system , yet need collaboration to implement our system as this need low investments and reuse of waste to get both electricity, liquid and solid fuel as 50 percent of our state people live with out electricity and have green future . Can Keith can bring here about anyone work using solar PV for BioD making any where? This can make our debate here much more dynamic and alive . His words is always very effective catalyst to move any topic good or bad to the positive collaborative constructional path towards a good journey for all our list members , bringing to us the latest innovative biofuel related projects to make our work more practical , less failure and lees work for all of us. Thanking Keith in advance ,for his dedicated hard work to reply almost all post and also for his reply to this post too.. As our list is the only list of heterogenius one , so we can be the wining team fo the truely globalised biofuel and rural sustained development and I wish the proposed system design need not limited to our small group which is in the less developed north east of Brazil , but as the best system to address the fuel crisis in all rural area of our globlazied one country of our planet. sd Pannirselvam Brasil sd Pannirselvam On 10/14/05, Joe Street [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Well yes I guess you could say an increase in efficiency from 3 to 4.4 %is almost a 50% increase. That IS dramatic but what is it ol' foghornleghorn used to say? .two half nothin's is a whole nuthin. LOLStill vacumm deposited aluminum for a cathode is cheap and lends itself nicely to mass production as does indium tin oxide or zinc oxide whichforms the transparent conductor for the anode.The problem is in thepolymer with charge transport.Of course a breakthrough could be right around the corner who knows?If we ever get above 10% efficiency with aproduction process this cheap it will be a happy day!JoeSnip Accordingto the team, slow growth allows the polymer to self-organize, a process that dramatically boosts device efficiency.___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQCentro de Tecnologia - CT Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQGrupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - BrasilResidence : AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] plastic solar cell update
Dear Paul We are very glad to inform that we are able to use natural ruber as matrix and natural fiber coconut coir to make felxible plastic products. In this regrad our group list member from Malyasia Manick Harris has helped us a lot. We also able to make regid plastic fiberglass reinforced poliester using natural fiber cashew net shell liquid replacing 40 porcent of poliester and 100 porcent fiberglass and we hope this process can also work with Hemp . Our small research group is very thankful to Keith and our list members who are able to give us the useful information. Thanking you Pannirselvam On 10/12/05, Paul S Cantrell [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: And if they could make the plastic out of hemp, it would really reduce the need for oil when they get mass-produced. Would lower COP, make them more sustainable, renewable and biodegradable. I am sitting here at my desk wondering why my TI calculator has a solar brick of 4 cells and my cell phone does not... Most grocery bags are #4 LDPE. That's low density polyethylene, which is a cheap plastic. Source: www.designinsite.dk Production of 1 kg of LDPE requires the equivalent of about 2 kg of oil (raw material and energy) On 10/12/05, Alt.EnergyNetwork [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Plastic solar powerGroup invents cells that could decrease cost of energy, if they last-- Thanks,PCHe's the kind of a guy who lights up a room just by flicking a switch ___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQCentro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - BrasilResidence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Cheap and easy filtering of WVO
Hi Hal Thank for showing the very nice good picture and your very good work. Some filter aids use on the cloth and some height like cofee filter can improve the filteration quality. In the case of the crude oils , the impurity of small colloidal particles act as the filterationmaking possibleto get the the very clear oil . Thanking you sd Pannirselvam Brasil On 9/29/05, hal [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Thought you folks might enjoy a cheap filtering technique we've been using forseveral months. http://home.bellsouth.net/p/PWP-halspersonalpages___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQCentro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - BrasilResidence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Question about E85
Helow angela , Brasil government and petroleium compny is using etanol in gasoline depending on the availabilty for tha car made for gasoline upto 18 porcent of 95 porcent bioethanol made from sugar cane for the tropical climate .You need to bother about room temperature as this may lead to starting problem of the car. Brazilian car have been improved to over come this problems. Plenty of information available in JTF biofuel web page and also in our list. Yours truely Pannirselvam P V P Y On 9/15/05, Angela Cook [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Does anyone know if anything has to be done to the fuel system if you're planning on running E-85 in your vehicle? I have heard conflicting stories. I have a 2001 Chevy Impala that I would fill up with E85. I've been using 10% Ethanol with no problems. Any information would be greatly appreciated. Thank you! Angela Cook ___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQCentro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - BrasilResidence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Why our current agriculture and food production is not sustainable
Very good paper on sustainability, foo and fuel production. Keith we here in our list need to make the sustainable biofuel project as an alternate to the big business corporate. we need here to integrate the projects BioD, Ethanol, Biogas and wood gas projects for rural industry. More infomation is lacking in this field of integrated biofuel use for rural industry. Yours truely Pannirselvam Brasil. On 9/16/05, Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: The Institute of Science in SocietyScience Society Sustainabilityhttp://www.i-sis.org.ukThis article can be found on the I-SIS website at http://www.i-sis.org.uk/PFSFSNG.phpISIS Press Release 14/09/05Policies for Sustainable Food Systems, National and GlobalMichael MeacherWhy our current agriculture and food production is not sustainable There are five reasons why our current food system is notsustainable. First, the increasingly mechanised agriculture dependson oil, but the supply of oil is beginning to run out, or at leasthalf of the 2 trillion barrels of oil available has already been used and oil demand from China, India and other major developing countrieswhich are industrialising fast is rising so sharply that productioncannot keep up with demand, and permanent shortages of oil will kickin within a decade or less. The price of oil will escalate to $100-$200+, and oil-driven food production will sharply decline.Second, the growing shortage of water means that half a billionpeople now already live in water-stressed areas, and the UN expectsthis to rise 5-6 fold to half the world population by 2025. This will lead to massive shifts of populations and water wars. Frankly, thecurrent use of water in agriculture is extravagant and utterlyunsustainable. For example, US prairie farmers and East Anglianbarley barons need 1 000 tonnes of water to produce 1 tonne of grain, plus 1 000 energy units are used for every 1 energy unit of processedfood. That is just not sustainable.Third, the intensification of climate change has led to a ten-foldincrease in the incidence and ferocity of climatic catastrophes in the past 40 years. These include major-scale hurricanes, cyclones,floods, as well as increasing drought, desertification,inextinguishable forest fires, which are now rendering more and morecroplands unusable or infertile. Half a billion of the world population now do not have croplands on which they can maintainthemselves. The latest UN report says one sixth of countries in theworld (up to 30 nations) now face food shortages because of climatechange. The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine estimates 160 000 now die every year from climate-change induced malnutrition,dysentery and malaria.Fourth, the loss of biodiversity from monocultures imposed byindustrialised farming, not least GM crops. A quarter of the world's GM crops are grown in Argentina, where huge areas were cleared togrow GM soya, especially Argentina's pampas, previously one of themost organically productive areas in the world.Fifth, long-distance transportation of food across the world is incompatible with the requirement to reduce greenhouse gas emissionsby 60 percent by 2050. Between 1968-88, world food productionincreased 84 percent and the world population 91 percent, but worldfood trade increased 184 percent ( i.e. doubled), yet planes and carsare the fastest rising causes of greenhouse gas emissions. To putthat in household terms – a typical UK family of four emits per year4 tonnes of CO2 from the house, 4 tonnes from the car, but 8 tonnes from production, processing, packaging and distribution of the foodthey eat.So what should be done?I have five proposals. First, we need a massive switch from highlymechanised, pesticide-driven agriculture to low- input/organic agriculture with energy saving up to 10- fold. How? The current foodsystem is linear in design, treating inputs like energy and rawmaterials as infinitely available (which they are not) and theenvironment as infinitely capable of absorbing waste (which it is not). This is not sustainable. To change this, we need a tax systemthat factors in the full cost of all these finite items and uses theproceeds to subsidise organic, low input and localised agriculturesystems. In contrast, organic production systems are an example of sustainable circular methods of food production in harmony with thenatural eco-system. Is this happening? Well, although sales oforganic food in the UK have quadrupled from £260 million in 1997 toover £1 billion now, the one million acres now devoted to organic production is still only 2-3% of agricultural land in the UK.Second, developing a sustainable food system should become a majorGovernment policy based on setting targets for:Sustainable food production Import substitutionFair tradeLocal sourcing of foodThese targets are to be achieved within specific timescales. TheGovernment's Organic Action Plan Group, which I chaired, did set atarget to increase the percentage of organic food consumed in
Re: [Biofuel] Alcohol:Food vs fuel
Dear Manick Here in Brasil we have E95 running and this can be impoted to any country who wish to develop and adopt the same in other country as well as flexivel ethanol and gasoline car We need to come out here in this list here to arrive ata a simple workable design and then there are several university , Ghandhi gram rural university. Madurai south India vice chancellar Dr T.Karunakaran can make it reality as the present central government came to power to suport rural mass. sd Pannirselvam Brazil On 9/12/05, Manick Harris [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello Dr.Pannirselvam/Subramaniam, I read that many small scale enterprises are encouraged in India, with tax exemption. If project funding can be arranged somewhere in Chennai or any other suitable place with proper allowances I could come there tohelp outin ethanolof ethanol and wood pyrolysis. Or perhaps as special Institute/ College project where we won't be harassed by petty officials out for quick buck. With engines modified to run on E85 and wood spirit.Once project is finished I'll return to Penang.LOL Manickh subramanian D.V [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Dear Mr. PanneerSelvam, I've been reading your inputs to this forum quite for sometime and your enthusiasm is really contagious! but there are problems for individuals for producing alcohol. The process is simple enough for small scale (back yard) production which you recommend. raw material such as sweet sorghum and sugar beet can be grown ; the economics of production is well known to those in the field. Special strains of sweet sorghum are available in National Research Institutes in Hyderabad, as well as at Indian Institute of Agricultural Research . But. The moment I announce that I'm going to make my own fuel ( for personal use) half a dozen Govt agencies will raid my place ! Production of ethyl alcohol isnot possible without Govt license (which is not easy to get for an individual), payment of several duties and taxes and bribes on the side. Even if the farmers make alcohol on the sly, on second thoughts they would rather drink it than use for fuel. You know the types in India. On the commercial scale Indian Sugar Mills Assocn have half a million litres of surplus ethanol forE05 in the whole country but then theIndian oil corporation is still dragging its feet issuing purchase tenders for ethanol. So these are the ground realities here. Still I keep hoping it will change in due course. Regards, Subramanian Pannirselvam P.V [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Dear Manick I am native of South India.It is very true that Malaysia and India,the fuel alcohol can be mis used as the drinks. Brazil , where I live now ,here too are making alcohol for local consume and exportation as the alcoholic drinks and fuel made from sugarcane and fruits as both are the needs In south India where there is always power cut expected more than 30 porcent , locally made distilled home made alcohol, the municipal government can buy and use for transport and power generation. You are showing the real problem of corrupt practice there .Thus local use of ethanol for fuel instead of commercial use can solve the powercut there.This is need decentralised development of municipality.Only private company need to do all , under corrupted some political party not bothered about real problem of energy development. Based on traditional local home made alcohol , India can produce as much as Brazil (2 bilhoes liter of alcohol for food and fuel) and can solve the energy crisis.The farmer need to put light in the night and make plantation in India where as the farmer from USA, France and Europe has government financial help.Manick , surely India and can make possible the home made decentralised bio ethanol that thus make using pot , to put in their small motorised bicycle , thus making them independent to get away the poverty and all corrupted petroleum business , which is the root cause of the poverty, making people dependence on imported fuel that they can not pay. I wish to request Keith to publish via our list members from India about the low cost pot distillation, as this so simple and low cost ,any one can made fuel in their home based on this pot made tradicional alcohol which had made and making making story of so many tragedy and death of alcohol addiction .But this bad story can be made to be real a solution for the energy crysis sdPannirselvam On 9/10/05, Manick Harris [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Tq Chris, My reason for posting is to stimulate interestto convince other group members to undertake ethanol and power generation projects.I am not in a position to dothem here in Malaysia or India, countries full of skull-duggering and dangerof losing all the investment due to fraudulent practices by the unscrupulous, without recourse to justice. I could give pages and pages of bad business ethics. It is very bad here which is the main reason this country is in languishing thedoldrums. The best I can do is to convince
Re: [Biofuel] Rural energy problem nad Big oil
Dear Subramanian Thank you very much for bringing here the real problems there in India Every where the oil companies are against the renewable energy.The problem is the very big countries such as India , china , Brazil need not follow the model of the other countries expecting oil companies will solve the rural problems. Here in Brazil in the Amazonian rain forest area the diesel price is 8 times more than in the other place.In rural area of the India farmer need to plant rice in the night. some place more than 50 percent of the population do not know TV and what the energy.In India the energy is given to many and make energy cut .India can never become developed country with energy cut . If you have well followed regularly our list members thinking , the Keith our list coordinator effort is not to separate the political , technical , economical problems related with bio fuel. If you are not able to help the small farmer to produce their energy , most of the younger well qualified PhD from IIT will go to the country where there is energy such as Newzealand, Australia They will be pushed to work in the decentralised small cogeneration unit making fuel, food , feed from biomass . This has happened to my life and my professor and friend from IIT Delhi are very proud that the best Biochemical engineering graduate from IIT all have got employment in other countries , but this is not sustainable for India as the bio oil company do not care nothing for the same. Making one fuel for farmer need cannot be considered as crime as very well debated here for very long time and several farmers make here in Brazil alcohol and sell to oil using microdistillary too in Brazil and they fill the car too at their own risk.This also true for BioD. Our list the biggest dynamic list in internet.Why ? Here we make debate on complex subject to arrive at practical and simple solution.Thus biofuel use to indian farmer can be solved by methods well documented by Keith Biofuel at Journey to Forever (JTF)http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html You know very well that the government in India is notable to stop illegal alcohol production . People , like you need to put make E10 AND BIOD and put in motor BIKES , CAR AND SEE THE SUSTAINABILITY rather than expecting Indian oil corporation and Indian government will solve the problems. See Keith work in JTF files , showing all home made decentralised , self help work is possible with fotos bringing here the international experience and I agree with you that this biofuel not the solution for all the place.As thr education and democracy work, I am sure that India is moving correctly in this fields and wish the younger well educated generation change the poverty and food problems due energy crisis.The country has research on Bullock cart in this decades, surel can set examples too decentralised biofuel production especially in rural areas. There in india if the chief ministers of the states are winning the election by the promise of free power for farmer , they should also bother about making the law first to get away the nergy problems , other wise the future will be dark for all there.Thus the problem is sustainablity and also the problem is the same as many developed and under developed one. Dear subramaniam you can help a lot , if you invite Keith there , make seminars , you see the The energy block out , energy crysis solved by the farmers Thanking you sd Pannirselvam On 9/11/05, subramanian D.V [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Dear Mr. PanneerSelvam, I've been reading your inputs to this forum quite for sometime and your enthusiasm is really contagious! but there are problems for individuals for producing alcohol. The process is simple enough for small scale (back yard) production which you recommend. raw material such as sweet sorghum and sugar beet can be grown ; the economics of production is well known to those in the field. Special strains of sweet sorghum are available in National Research Institutes in Hyderabad, as well as at Indian Institute of Agricultural Research . But. The moment I announce that I'm going to make my own fuel ( for personal use) half a dozen Govt agencies will raid my place ! Production of ethyl alcohol isnot possible without Govt license (which is not easy to get for an individual), payment of several duties and taxes and bribes on the side. Even if the farmers make alcohol on the sly, on second thoughts they would rather drink it than use for fuel. You know the types in India. On the commercial scale Indian Sugar Mills Assocn have half a million litres of surplus ethanol forE05 in the whole country but then theIndian oil corporation is still dragging its feet issuing purchase tenders for ethanol. So these are the ground realities here. Still I keep hoping it will change in due course. Regards, Subramanian Pannirselvam P.V [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Dear Manick I am native of South India.It is very true that Malaysia
[Biofuel] Alcohol:Food vs fuel
Dear Manick I am native of South India.It is very true that Malaysia and India,the fuel alcohol can be mis used as the drinks. Brazil , where I live now ,here too are making alcohol for local consume and exportation as the alcoholic drinks and fuel made from sugarcane and fruits as both are the needs In south India where there is always power cut expected more than 30 porcent , locally made distilled home made alcohol, the municipal government can buy and use for transport and power generation. You are showing the real problem of corrupt practice there .Thus local use of ethanol for fuel instead of commercial use can solve the powercut there.This is need decentralised development of municipality.Only private company need to do all , under corrupted some political party not bothered about real problem of energy development. Based on traditional local home made alcohol , India can produce as much as Brazil (2 bilhoes liter of alcohol for food and fuel) and can solve the energy crisis.The farmer need to put light in the night and make plantation in India where as the farmer from USA, France and Europe has government financial help. Manick , surely India and can make possible the home made decentralised bio ethanol that thus make using pot , to put in their small motorised bicycle , thus making them independent to get away the poverty and all corrupted petroleum business , which is the root cause of the poverty, making people dependence on imported fuel that they can not pay. I wish to request Keith to publish via our list members from India about the low cost pot distillation, as this so simple and low cost ,any one can made fuel in their home based on this pot made tradicional alcohol which had made and making making story of so many tragedy and death of alcohol addiction .But this bad story can be made to be real a solution for the energy crysis sd Pannirselvam On 9/10/05, Manick Harris [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Tq Chris, My reason for posting is to stimulate interestto convince other group members to undertake ethanol and power generation projects.I am not in a position to dothem here in Malaysia or India, countries full of skull-duggering and dangerof losing all the investment due to fraudulent practices by the unscrupulous, without recourse to justice. I could give pages and pages of bad business ethics. It is very bad here which is the main reason this country is in languishing thedoldrums. The best I can do is to convince members that these concepts are viable and that there is great need to now to find alternatives to petroleum fuels. Cheers ManickhChris lloyd [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: hey! i just remembered, homebrew champagne makers are cautioned to make surethat all yeast has been killed before finla bottling, lest continued fermentation generate so much pressure that it pops the cork. That cannot be right as to do so would leave you with flat champagne, you need the secondary fermentation to make any wine/beer fizzy. Champagne bottles have their corks wired on anyway. Chris.Wessex Ferret Clubwww.wessexferretclub.co.uk ___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ Click here to donate to the Hurricane Katrina relief effort. ___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ --Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQCentro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - BrasilResidence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Alcohol:Food vs fuel
Hellow Keith Thank you very much for your kind reply. As Manick is from India , I am going to request him to make foto of this simple distillation using pot made by poor people of the soth of India. Balaji can be of very much helpful and there are a lot of our list members . Thanking You Yours truely Pannirselvam On 9/10/05, Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: ___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQCentro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - BrasilResidence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Alcohol:Food vs fuel
Hellow Keith Thank you very much for your kind reply. You're welcome, I hope we manage to do it. As Manick is from India ,As Manick is from Malasia and also he move often there I have written to him about your dedicated to help all the farmer in the world , the only one such in net. Doesn't the same thing happen in Brazil too? And in Africa? Fermentation is the same as you think.But the distillation has three pot the bigpot wood fired at the bottom , the intermediate size pot at the top as the condensor with water and the small pot inside big one under the watercondensing pot with some suport The foto can make the understandin well . May be our list members can improve the degin . The other project I need help from you is to make solid gelbiofuel using the waste from Bio D process as this require low cost stoves I wish your hard work of JFT the great work need to have great future , making possible the links of people via web conference etc so that our journey together possible as I find JFT is simple useful and practical than many fotologs, weblogs . Let me have the helping hand for your sleepless work thanking you yours Pannirselvasm Balaji can beof very much helpfuland there are a lot of ourlist members . Yes, lots of Indian members, including many who don't post. They'rewelcome anyway of course, but maybe some of them can help with this.Best wishesKeithThanking You Yours truely PannirselvamOn 9/10/05, Keith Addisonmailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED][EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:___Biofuel mailing listmailto:Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Biofuel@sustainablelists.orghttp://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelist s.orghttp://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlhttp://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/http://www.mail- archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/--Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQ Centro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQGrupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - BrasilResidence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal210 32171557Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083___ Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.orghttp://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/-- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN Departamento de Engenharia Química - DEQCentro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQGrupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitário CEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - BrasilResidence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal210 32171557Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Grass for fuel and food
Helo WOODARD The maxium photosynthetic is also possible protein is also production per hector is possible which can be easily extracted using alkali treatment or Excellent mushroom can be obtained from this plants. followed by small scale biogasification or thermal gasification or ethanol production. Here in Brazil several grass are made survival posssible even in dry climate.South africa and India where population are mor can make use of this plant to make fuel and food . In our university, the experimental results obtained recently show a very high prodction of biomass is obtained usig Elefant grass by using treated municipal sewage and hence very good project to make not only fuel but also protein feed from biomass. Thus small biomass refinery can be made possible using this elephant grass as this plant produce the maxium protein from plant source. Thank wood , as this plant can reduce well carbon diocxide and hence reduce the climate change . sd Pannirselvam On 9/7/05, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Presumably they could be used for celulose to alcohol processes.I wonder about the invasiveness of miscanthus. Thanks to Lawrence F. London on the permaculture list.Doug WoodardSt. Catharines, Ontario, Canada-- Forwarded message -- http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4220790.stmLast Updated: Wednesday, 7 September 2005, 00:49 GMT 01:49 UKTall grasses set to power EuropeBy Jonathan AmosBBC News science reporter, Dublin Miscanthus, University of IllinoisMiscanthus: High output for small inputThe fields of Europe could soon take on a shimmering silver colour asfarmers grow giant grasses to try to mitigate the effects of global warming. The latest studies suggest one form of elephant grass would make aproductive energy crop to be burnt in power stations to generateelectricity.Scientists told a Dublin conference the 4m-high Miscanthus needs little fertiliser to produce very high yields.A breeding programme would improve its economics still further, they said.There's no reason why in 10 years' time this shouldn't be widelyexploited, commented Professor Mike Jones, an Irish expert on plants and climate.If we grew Miscanthus on 10% of suitable land in [the 15-member]Europe, then we could generate 9% of the gross electricity production,he told the British Association's Festival of Science. Hectares and barrelsBurning biomass is broadly neutral in terms of its emissions of carbondioxide, the major gas thought responsible for warming the planet.As the plant grows it is drawing carbon dioxide out of the air, explained Professor Steve Long, from the University of Illinois. Whenyou burn it, you put that carbon dioxide back, so the net effect onatmospheric CO2 is zero.Whereas, if you take coal out of the ground and burn it, you are adding a net gain of carbon to the atmosphere.Professor Long has been cultivating a hybrid of two Miscanthus specieson plots in his home state. The project has managed to achieve yields of60 tonnes of dry material per hectare. This is a considerable improvement on the trials that have beenconducted in Europe, where a typical yield is some 12 tonnes per hectare.But even this lower production provides an energy content equivalent to about 36 barrels of crude oil. And with a barrel currently priced around$60, such a yield would have a potential value of about $2,160 per hectare.Growing interestBiomass crops have always been viewed as something that can only make a tiny contribution to mitigating rising carbon dioxide, said Professor Long.The point we want to make is that it could actually make a majorcontribution and it doesn't require big technological breakthroughs to do that.Farmers are increasingly being drawn to the idea. One of its attractionsis that harvesting takes place at times of the year when machinery innot being used on food crops.Added Professor Jones: This is definitely being taken seriously in the UK, where the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs is nowfunding a major breeding programme.One farmers' cooperative also plans to cultivate 10,000 hectares forburning over the next three years. LINKS TO MORE SCIENCE/NATURE STORIESSEE ALSO:Climate food crisis 'to deepen'05 Sep 05 |Science/NatureAsian peat fires add to warming03 Sep 05 |Science/NatureUK 'lagging on biomass potential' 11 May 04 |Science/NatureRELATED INTERNET LINKS:BA Festival of ScienceBA Festival of Science WebcastsTrinity College DublinScience for a Successful IrelandThe BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites ___permaculture mailing list[EMAIL PROTECTED] http://lists.ibiblio.org/mailman/listinfo/permaculture___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz
[Biofuel] Journey towards small Biocombustivel for all
We have recently finished Master level postgraduate study on ethanol production using immobilized yeast cell using alginate to produce alcohol from fine apple wastes and coconut waters in laboratory scale . Instead of operating the Bio system in a batch mode , fed batch operation can improve signifigatively the productivity and very thankful for the members bring this new process . Compared to convencional free cell process , the usability of the fixed yeast cell by support is practicall process for ethanol production by big company especially in Japan and USA due to high productivity. This new Bio process with high productivity can be adopted to farmer level for the Bio ethanol production even in dryer area using sweet sorghum as very well documented in the following excellent study from China http://www.fao.org/docrep/T4470E/t4470e07.htm Compared to alginate the use ofvthe natural latex is more practical for small farmer use .More over the long self life of the yeast that can be activated using air can make the procees very great and simple to reducing the time Our biofuel list member can make this new inovative bio process combined with the extractive fermentation using vegetable castor and flash evaporation using solar energy to make the ethanol fuel for rural population bio fuel to be less energy intensive as this is negative side of the biofuel production process. The most of the rural people in developing country spent 30 percent of the their income for buying the cooking gas for the fuel.Making their own fuel can make them free from money lending pr and hence the bioethanol has a lot of role to play and all the member here too towards the sustainable globalization. Let the members in our list who has experience join here , share and exchange the same so that the one in the remote area in all the world too can have the jouney to make the bioethanol anda BioD to be simple and practical for the great green future There is no need for the war and dependence for the limited non renewable petroleum and big refinery as all of us need food, fuel and peace . Pannir Selvam Brasil On 9/3/05, Guag Meister [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi Keith ;This is a great idea and link!!Thanks.Best Regards,Peter G.Start your day with Yahoo! - make it your home page http://www.yahoo.com/r/hs___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ --Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQCentro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - BrasilResidence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] B100 and jet fuel
Dear Alan,Greg and Petrillo Here in Brazil , the research that had been realized for military to replace Jet fuel using BioD in 1980 was done with positive results, but the details are not much known as less study were conducted at the time . By using low molecular fatty acids ester ,the BioD need to be engineered to be very good additive.Surely there are problems regard to viscosity.Small jet here are able to run with alcohol fuel and hence BioD will be also positive , may not be 100 percent. sd Pannirselvam Brazil On 9/4/05, Alan Petrillo [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Greg and April wrote:The short answer is no.The short answer is _yes_.Baylor University did some testing with B20in their Beech King Air 90, and found that it did just fine. The report was available at the biodiesel.org website for a while, but Ican't find it just now.A Google search of the site produced this: http://www.biodiesel.org/resources/reportsdatabase/reports/gen/19981001_gen-106.pdfPurdue University also did some testing on aviation fuel, and the reportis available here: http://www.biodiesel.org/resources/reportsdatabase/reports/gen/19950601_gen-144.pdfKeep in mind, turbines are, almost by definition, multifuel engines.Aslong as it doesn't overheat their burn units turbines don't care what they're running on.You should see the list of alternate fuels for theOH-58 scout helicopters I flew in the Army!The long answer is, BioDiesel does not have to BTU's of jet fuelNo, it doesn't have the specific heat of jet fuel, but it's close enough that it makes little difference operationally.( jet fuelis a highly refined cozen to jet fuel with allot of BTU's per gal ),Did you by any chance mean kerosene?Jet-A is high grade kerosene.Keep in mind, kerosene comes in many flavors, and jet fuel is only one of them.nordoes it have the ability to take the low temperatures that jet fuel wouldencounter at altitude.This could be taken care of with a properly effective antigel agent. These things are workable, but, then you have to carry more fuel, and lesscargo, and heated fuel tanks and fuel lines.This adds weight and coststo every aircraft, that is unacceptable. Many aircraft already have fuel heaters in their fuel lines to preventfuel icing.The real problem is to prevent the fuel gelling in thetanks.Some heat already gets into the fuel tanks in many airliners because they use the fuel tanks as a heat sink for the airconditioningsystems.I think only a good antigel agent would solve this completely,though.Jet travel is also one of theleast efficient forms of transportation there is. That depends on how you look at it.If you consider it in terms ofpassenger seat miles per gallon then it comes out around 24mpg, IIRC,which beats most SUV's.I did have a link to an article which went into this much more in depth, but I have lost it.Don't forget, in the airline industry fuel efficiency means profits.Using biodiesel wouldonly make it more inefficient.Maybe.But at least it would be using less petroleum. AP___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQCentro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - BrasilResidence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Drying ethanol
Hi Tom Irwin Dear Tom ,really very good your plan to make biofuel from Waste oil .As you are near by Brazil, you can think of the flexible car as this can run both form ethanol as well as the biogas which can be very made in small scale in the farm.Go ahead with the help of several experts from here as the small scale unit of our can be good start in the South America .For the same you can better make use of several recent information , thanks to Keith hard work to make our list archives much update , as this can solve half of hard problems to do practical woks in the field of Biofuel.I believe the south America can be the leader of the Biofuel using appropriate small bio refinery. Let us join to make this reality , with the help of this list members too as the wise peoples and all relevant informations needed are made possible here.Wishing you the best success. Yours truely Pannirselvam Natal, RN, Brasil. You can have Irwin [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi Manick, Although I am an American, I live in Uruguay. There is no access to ethanol vehicles here as yet. Diesel vehicles definitely are available though heavily taxed. Plus this fits my overall scheme for making BioD in sufficient quantities to power an electric generator, my car and ultimately my tractor. The waste heat from the generator will heat hot water for house use and it's heating system. I'm lining up waste oil suppliers so I can have about 2000 or more liters per year available.The money I hope to save doing this will be put into the organic farm on high ground just outside the city. That's it in a nutshell. Tom Irwin From: Manick Harris [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.orgSent: Fri, 02 Sep 2005 02:21:06 -0300Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Drying ethanol Yes, after making temperature correction for waterat 25-30C I get 0.785 which is very near literature value of 0.7893 for ethanol andpure enough for mixing. Could you please enlighten me why you did not opt for E85 auto which I understand is available in USA?Tom Irwin [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Thanks Manick, I just ran a density test. I got 0.7824g/cc vs. .7893g/cc from my CRC handbook. The original material is .7924g/cc. That's about a 10 or 12 % removal. with some slop for my measuring technique this might be good stuff. I'll try mixing it with gasolene next. Thanks all. Tom Irwin From: Manick Harris [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.orgSent: Thu, 01 Sep 2005 09:00:26 -0300Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Drying ethanol Hello Tom, May I offer unorthodox solution? Try to measure the specific gravity and density using specific gravity bottle. If it matches sg of pure ethanol you are there for practical purposes, unless you are aiming for AR quality..Tom Irwin [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi All, I finally found a source of 3A molecular sieve. It´s been sitting in 95% ethanol overnight. How do I test the ethanol to see if I removed the 5% water? Simple mass balance? I don´t have a Karl Fisher titrator. BTW, I used the recommended 250 grams of 3A per liter of ethanol. Thanks, Tom Irwin___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ __Do You Yahoo!?Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ __Do You Yahoo!?Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/-- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQ Centro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQGrupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - Brasil Residence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 )
Re: [Biofuel] Drying ethanol
You need to measure the volume and density after and before adosrption and use the pubblished tables to calculate the conecntration and the make mass balance as you pointed out Yours truely Pannirselvam Natal, RN, Brasil. On 9/1/05, Tom Irwin [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi All, I finally found a source of 3A molecular sieve. It´s been sitting in 95% ethanol overnight. How do I test the ethanol to see if I removed the 5% water? Simple mass balance? I don´t have a Karl Fisher titrator. BTW, I used the recommended 250 grams of 3A per liter of ethanol. Thanks, Tom Irwin ___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQCentro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - BrasilResidence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Religion, Politics Biofuels, and Illusion
Hello Taryn Too Thank you bringing here the useful information about the reality of of our actual religion, I fully agree with your critical point .We have to have an positive and negative analysis, the illusion and also the mental help that is provided by the religion where I find the people all over the world can come and work for the people if the want via church . You imagine that million of people (54%) on the north east of the Brazil and 12 percent in Amazonian area and they do not know what is electricity, basic need the food and education. The biofuel from biomass ca be the great future for them . Yet, the university do little , but for them the only hope via radio is the religion and not the illusion.As you correctly pointed out there are several illusion negative points too , you coorectly pointed out , economic and political goals as well as Propaganda of what is being done Many big festivals spending using the money collected to help the poor are really not acceptable.Taking account of all positive and negative side and also the poor , I feel that the hope of the religion is surely more than the illusion and surely liberty and education play role that what this list members wish to deal the rural problem in an integrated way , rather than isolated partial technocratic problem solving one. Let us all join here to see the great green future using biofuel to all. Yours truely Pannirselvam P.V On 8/30/05, Pannirselvam P.V [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: -- Forwarded message --From: TarynToo [EMAIL PROTECTED]Date: Aug 30, 2005 1:33 AM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Religion, Politics Biofuels, and IllusionTo: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Hello Pannirselvam,Forgive me for taking exception to some things you said to Doug. I've assumed (perhaps wrongly) that you're looking at the works of theCatholic church in Brazil, from a Hindu perspective. It has been yearssince I last studied the Bhagavada Gita, but I continue to practicehatha yoga for the mental and physical benefits. I greatly admire Hinduism as a path for spiritual growth but have always been troubledby several Hindu precepts (assumptions?).Here in the west, Darwin's theories, nature red in tooth and claw,were used as justification for Social Darwinism, which claimed that the poor were inferior, evolutionary failures, and not deserving ofopportunity, education, or fair treatment.I see reincarnation, andthe caste system, as serving a similar function in Hinduism; the lower castes are seen as failed souls, not enlightened enough to deserve aplace in society. I have read that many schools of Hindu thought arerejecting the caste system, as is the government of India, but that the bigotry and sexism continue.So in that sense, religion, for a native of India, seems to be a toolof oppression, creating economic and social disparity without regard tothe 'worldly value' of individuals, hence a source of illusion. Regarding the Catholic church in Latin America; while doing much goodwork, they have also consistently spread misinformation about the useof condoms and other birth control methods. http://www.aegis.com/news/ads/2003/AD032597.html This has acceleratedthe spread of AIDS in Catholic countries, and caused many thousands ofunnecessary deaths. It's my understanding that there is now a schism between the Vatican and many Brazilian clerics over this, with thelocal priests and bishops denouncing the Vatican's anti-condom stance. http://www.truthout.org/docs_2005/051005G.shtml This is certainly awelcome change, but the Vatican continues it's policies against AIDSprevention education. It's not the first time the Vatican has taken astance obviously against Christ's teaching, often only to serve their economic or political goals.A bright spot in all this has been the emergence of Catholic LiberationTheology, which at least provides a counter force to the constantcapitalist propaganda imposed on all the Americas. American Evangelical Fundamentalist sects are also gaining power inLatin America, and they too are a constant source of AIDSmisinformation. As they have no history of liberation theology, we canbe sure that their missions will be bound to NeoCon goals. I certainly agree with your suspicions about corporate and media powerbeing used to suppress democratic processes all over the world, but Isuspect that the church often falls on the wrong side of this battle, they have usually supported the economic elite in class struggles, evenas their missionaries were striving to help the poor and dispossessed.I know you're 'on the ground' in Brazil, and you're seeing many courageous, dedicated christians doing good works, against great odds.I guess I'm trying to say that you're seeing those with 'true religion with ethicsand also truedemocratic politics' actually doing whatneeds doing. Those who send them often have other goals. Tarynornae.comOn 8/30/05, TarynToo [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:Hello Pannirselvam, Forgive me for taking exception
Re: [Biofuel] Religion, Politics Biofuels, and Illusion
Thank you Keith bringing here topics unknown to many of our list India and Pakistan have been always brothers as India has been always adopted to all the religion first Arians , then budha , then Muslim , then Christanism and lately all gloabised Evangelism too as religion always considerd as the best way to live with true spirutalism ,out materialism , without consumadorism and free way of thinking India was misunderstood when Bangladesh become free , but sure the people of the India nad Pakistan have the same history and wish keep awy from any Nuclear weapons away. I am sure India will never go far Nuclear war as this will be against the very million and million peoples way of thinking. Indian Parliment will never aprove to send money to kill any human in other country , which it never has done expect its defens being in the world as this is against all the religion of the country. Thanks the mass education after independence which has made India as truely independet very big democracy of the world. Pannirselvam P.V On 8/30/05, Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello Taryn, PannirselvamDid you read this?http://sustainablelists.org/pipermail/biofuel_sustainablelists.org/2005-August/003230.html Or:http://snipurl.com/hb3u[Biofuel] Robertson et al VS. followersWho Would Jesus Assassinate? Hugo Chavez and the Men Who Claim toSpeak for Jesus I was wanting to say something about liberation theology but I postedthat instead.By the way, here's Doug's post, Religion, Politics Biofuels, and Thanks!: http://sustainablelists.org/pipermail/biofuel_sustainablelists.org/2005-August/003279.htmlOr:http://snipurl.com/hb3wI don't want to interpret, but I think what Doug's talking about is mainly how religion-of-a-sort is driving politics and the otherissues in the US and in US foreign policy, along with the nonsenseabout the US and Islam, the odious Clash of Civilisations type of thinking and so on, and maybe the strange marriage of ChristianZionists in the US and colonial Zionism in Israel and its effects onpolitics, foreign policy, Middle East oil and all the fish.On the other hand, there's India and Pakistan, who should surely be brothers rather than nuclear enemies... They don't seem to refer toeach other as Indians and Pakistanis as often as Hindus and Muslims.Isn't it time to seek to bury the hatchet somewhere else than in eachother's heads? Best wishesKeithHello Pannirselvam,Forgive me for taking exception to some things you said to Doug. I'veassumed (perhaps wrongly) that you're looking at the works of the Catholic church in Brazil, from a Hindu perspective. It has been yearssince I last studied the Bhagavada Gita, but I continue to practicehatha yoga for the mental and physical benefits. I greatly admire Hinduism as a path for spiritual growth but have always been troubledby several Hindu precepts (assumptions?).Here in the west, Darwin's theories, nature red in tooth and claw, were used as justification for Social Darwinism, which claimed thatthe poor were inferior, evolutionary failures, and not deserving ofopportunity, education, or fair treatment.I see reincarnation, and the caste system, as serving a similar function in Hinduism; the lowercastes are seen as failed souls, not enlightened enough to deserve aplace in society. I have read that many schools of Hindu thought are rejecting the caste system, as is the government of India, but that thebigotry and sexism continue.So in that sense, religion, for a native of India, seems to be a toolof oppression, creating economic and social disparity without regard to the 'worldly value' of individuals, hence a source of illusion.Regarding the Catholic church in Latin America; while doing much goodwork, they have also consistently spread misinformation about the use of condoms and other birth control methods.http://www.aegis.com/news/ads/2003/AD032597.html This has acceleratedthe spread of AIDS in Catholic countries, and caused many thousands of unnecessary deaths. It's my understanding that there is now a schismbetween the Vatican and many Brazilian clerics over this, with thelocal priests and bishops denouncing the Vatican's anti-condom stance. http://www.truthout.org/docs_2005/051005G.shtml This is certainly awelcome change, but the Vatican continues it's policies against AIDS prevention education. It's not the first time the Vatican has taken astance obviously against Christ's teaching, often only to serve theireconomic or political goals.A bright spot in all this has been the emergence of Catholic Liberation Theology, which at least provides a counter force to the constantcapitalist propaganda imposed on all the Americas.American Evangelical Fundamentalist sects are also gaining power inLatin America, and they too are a constant source of AIDS misinformation. As they have no history of liberation theology, we canbe sure that their missions will be bound to NeoCon goals.I certainly agree with your suspicions about corporate and media power being
Re: [Biofuel] Religion, Politics Biofuels, and Illusion
Dear Doug Swanson I appreciate your well thoughtful letter regarding our list.But I am not able to fully understand yet that religion develop illusion as I native of India , presently in Brazil .Here religion always do better thing , the school , the hospital , the project for the poor people . I believe the illusion are made by Big Blue Corporate company against true religion with ethics and also true democratic politics using money power making the illusions. Surely all are inter related and I agree with you that Biofuel bring the people together independent of politics and religions showing the truth and showing the green way and great future for global sustainability. sd Pannirselvam P.V.On 8/27/05, des [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: There's been a lot of discussion on this list regarding religions andpolitics lately; as well as the diversity in the biofuels subjects.(Isigned up back when I did, not knowing about other fuels, just looking for more info on biodiesel...)And the expanse of knowledge displayedregarding biofuels has really been an eye-opener.And then, as an addedbonus, the international perspectives on the political and religious conditions we find around the world have brought to my awarenessinformation and perspectives that I probably wouldn't have found just bygoogling, and certainly wouldn't have discovered had I been isolated tothe paltry servings of information distributed by the US television nooze programs.I can now clearly see what I only had suspicions about, how closelyrelated politics, big industry, religion, etc. are connected, with atsome level or another a main thread that follows through each subject, and that being the energy which is available, and what we are preparedto do (either as individuals or as a collective...country / planet) toobtain our fair shareI've wondered at times what kind of demographics this list covers, I know it is international, but it would be interesting to knowpercentages of folks who are inhabitants of the US, Canada, oilproducing countries, oil poor countries, etc.I guess my curiositystems from the desire to know who is availing themselves of this great information tool...The primary purpose of this post is, I suppose, to first thank Keith forproviding this forum for all this variety of discussion, but also thoseparticipants who take the time to bring information to the table so that the rest of us, who may not be as fully informed as we wish / thought wewere, can get a clearer image of the world around us.Religion and politics develop illusions that separate people, thebiofuels list has the ability to bring us back together. Thank you.doug swanson--All generalizations are false.Including this one.* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *This email is constructed entirely with OpenSource Software. No Microsoft databits have been incorporated herein.All existing databits have been constructed from recycled databits.___Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.orghttp://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/-- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQ Centro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQGrupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - Brasil Residence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557 Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] How to make ehtanol, second try.......
Dear Wdt As motor made in Brasil to run on ethanol has engine design with higher compression than gasoline car , you can think of importing the same as the technology envolves not only the engine , but also several other parts of the car.As I understand , may be Keith knows much better , the bioethanol fuel programme made in Australia is not yet made suceeesful one. Regrading making etanol from waste orange we can help you as this can be made using simple technology sd Pannirselvam Brasil On 8/26/05, Wireless Data Transfer [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello there! This is the second time I post this question, since nobody responded to the first time, please advice! I own a fairly big piece of land, in which I grow oranges, and a lot of themfall from the trees and rot on the ground.I have been told that making ethanol from those rotting oranges can be quitesimple.I can also have access to an almost unlimited supply of wood chips andsawdust from a nearby lumber yard, from which I read Methanol can beobtained, orthose can be turned on fireto run the furnaces to make the Ethanol, right? The main use I will have for either the Ethanolor the Methanol is to fuela small fleet of cars that I use for traveling back and forth to where theoranges are.The 4 cars combined consume about 50~60 gallons of fuel permonth, each. I have found in various places on the Web that Brazil has manyvehicles that come from the factory ready to use alcohol as the fuel, butnobody seems to have many details of the systems. I'm looking forwardfor any suggestions to learn how to produce my own fuel at reduced costs, in order to make my operation as self-sustainable as possible. Thank you in advance! ___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/-- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQ Centro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQGrupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - Brasil Residence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557 Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] How to make ehtanol, second try.......
Keith Thanks for your information Even though , there are several well established technology that can be used to make waste into fuel and hence also food by small scale biorefinary in almost all countries, yet economically grown country is moving very slow in this sector .After reading your e mail I now understand well why our list members need to include the biofuel problems linked to all political and global world issues .The very big corporate production model adopted by the Canada and Australia not following decentralised biofuel projects based on their plentiful renewable resources can be surely due to too big blue Corporate companies and their corrupted politics not allowing the green way of sustainable path for the local and global developments. How an small farmer can use ethanol if the economically well designed car is not available in several countries but made possible in Brazil. Brazilian government has to put huge amount of money for research to make the big Multinational Corporate all the Car company earlier in 1980 , now they all fighting with one another to make flexible biofuel car to run simultaneously ,natural gas(biogas) , alcohol and gasoline.We can send details about the Brasilian ethanol car and I beleive that car can be modified to run with etanol based on the information in the internet with especialized people. I am sure waste vegetable oil can also make this biofuel car more flexible . May be Brazil can export the car and combustible to the developing world where the speed and luxury is not the matter but biofuel is very far away the common man .Thus biofuel can be practical solution to get away poverty and dependence of poor on rich. Kind regards to all our list members sd Pannir selvam P.V Brasil On 8/27/05, Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Dear PannirselvamDearWdt As motor made in Brasil to run on ethanolhasengine designwith higher compression than gasolinecar , youcan think ofimportingthe sameas the technology envolvesnot only the engine , but also several other parts of the car.As I understand , may beKeith knows much better , thebioethanol fuelprogramme made inAustralia is not yet madesuceeesful one.I don't know any better Pan. I think you're right, and I think they made it a maximum of 10% with 90% gasoline, following a disgracefuldisinformation campaign against ethanol. That was a couple of yearsago, I think it's all in the list archives. I haven't followed itclosely since then. Last I heard they were proposing big taxes on biodiesel, including homebrewers, but I don't know what's become ofthat either. Maybe this is what one should expect from the world's #1coal exporter and #2 global warming denier. Australians themselvesare another matter, I don't know how long they'd accept this kind of treatment.RegardsKeith Regrading making etanol fromwaste orange wecan help youasthis can be madeusing simpletechnologysdPannirselvamBrasil On 8/26/05, Wireless Data Transfermailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED][EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:Hello there! This is the second time I post this question, since nobody responded to the first time, please advice!snip___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ --Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQCentro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - BrasilResidence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Chemical engineer's letter and bioeng
Hi Derick True, I totally agree that trying in correct direction with the interaction with multidicipline colaboration can lead to good sucess, not with limited persistant work sd Pannir On 8/21/05, DERICK GIORCHINO [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: In my opinion. Since the dawn of time science and scientists have been considered quacks. The persistent have succeeded on one level or another. If you don't try you can't succeed. From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] On Behalf Of Michael Redler Sent: Sunday, August 21, 2005 5:24 PM To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Chemical engineer's letter and bioeng How can I respond to the negative email below? ...with persistence. Good luck! Mike Pannirselvam P.V [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: HI Without the colaborative information exchange and dadta base information on biofuel both chemical and bioenginerring people are wasting the money in research not only in USA , but also in the developing country too as an academic curiosity to make patent and publish papers .Hence Mari the e mail has some fact for all the members to think about . Any research need sound chemical logic as well as economical objetive . Ethanol via biochemical route compared chemical syntysis seem to be very practical one . sd Pannirselvam On 8/20/05, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: HELP! How can I respond to the negative email below? It's from a chemical engineer friend researching ethanol from cellulose. I sent him some info from this list to help his research, and was surprised by the anger. Anyone have specific things I can say in response? The email: Hi Marilyn Those guys are out in left field. From my perspective -- having followed and evaluated various biomass gasification processes (technology and economics) for 27 years -- is that the Bioengineering Resources guys are opportunistic promoters -- looking for suckers (e.g., U.S. DOE or some naive investors with money to waste). The technology is neither prove nor economical. And who needs more vinegar (dilute acetic acid). Fermentation of synthesis gas to acetic acid is nonsense. Producing synthesis gas from biomass is itself unproven at any significant scale (not even in a decent pilot plant) -- and if it could be achieved, would be very expensive relative to other options for producing synthesis gas. FYI -- Synthesis gas is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, which can be reacted over various catalysts at elevated temperatures to produce many different products -- such as alcohols, hydrocarbons, and various oxygenated organic compounds. The synthesis gas first has to be purified (made extremely clean), and the H2/CO ratio also has to be adjusted for the specific application. After the synthesis, further processing is usually required. Most of these assorted biomass energy promoters (and I have seen many come and go over 27 years) don't understand chemical engineering, process economics, resource availability/supply/transportation economics, etc., etc. Yet every every 5-10 years a new generation of biomass advocates and promoters emerge (or are otherwise born into the light) who don't know their asses from first base -- but think that biomass will save the world -- and so promote all kinds of technically dumb and uneconomical ideas -- and make life miserable for the people who are doing reasonable work. They all stroke each other and keep each other going and feeling self-righteous. This whole business is too complicated and emotion-ridden for the biomass zealots (and apparently for me too) for me to begin discussing the many dimensions of it in an e-mail. I personally favor the idea of exploiting biomass (intelligently) as a renewable energy resource -- and think that we can be utilizing it. However, a lot has to change (mostly politically, socially, economically, educationally, etc.) for that to ever happen. The cause is not helped by promoters of dumb ideas. ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Pagandai V Pannirselvam Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN Departamento de Engenharia Química - DEQ Centro de Tecnologia - CT Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPEC Av. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitário CEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - Brasil Residence : AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacio EP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - Brasil Telefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557 Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557
Re: [Biofuel] Lignin crop redidue breakdown
Hi Rich The use of compostingas the pre treatmenthave several disadvantages.Instead ofselective removal of lignin the hemicelluose and cellulose are significantly lost as well as the long processing time , the need for mixed inoculations and also as the problem of contamination.Surley yet this method can be apropriate for rural areas sdPannirselvam/18/05, Rich [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:I am looking at the second chapter of Mother Earth Alcohol Fuel -Raw materials chapter at http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel_library/ethanol_motherearth/meCh2.html#2_1.At the Crop Residue part, it says: The backbone of sugar and starch crops -- the stalks and leaves -- is composed mainly of cellulose. The individual six-carbon sugar units in cellulose are linked together in extremely long chains by a stronger chemical bond than exists in starch. As with starch, cellulose must be broken down into sugar units before it can be used by yeast to make ethanol. However, the breaking of the cellulose bonds is much more complex and costly than the breaking of the starch bonds. Breaking the cellulose into individual sugar units is complicated by the presence of lignin, a complex compound surrounding cellulose, which is even more resistant than cellulose to enzymatic or acidic pretreatment. Because of the high cost of converting liquefied cellulose into fermentable sugars, agricultural residues (as well as other crops having a high percentage of cellulose) are not yet a practical feedstock source for small ethanol plants. Current research may result in feasible cellulosic conversion processes in the future.I am alsolooking at Stu Campbell's book LET IT ROT!The gardener's guide to composting, Revised edition.My question is since composting does a good job of breaking down lignin, would it be possible to use composting as part ofthe ethanol creation process? ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]/ -- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQCentro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - BrasilResidence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]/
Re: [Biofuel] Questions on drying Ethanol
Hi Tom As significant equal quantity of CO2 is produzido along with bioethanol , which can be very well utized to regenerate the the used zeolites to replace Nitrogen gas sd Pannirselvam P.V On 8/19/05, Tom Irwin [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi All, I´m trying to figure my local costs for ethanol to try some batches in BioD from waste oil. Ethanol 100% is quite expense, 95 % a bit less and 70% least costly. I have a supplier of 3A molecular sieve at about US $40 per kilogram. I was planning on starting with the 95% and running it through a column filled with about 250 grams of the 3A sieve. I generate my own electricity. Though it is a cost, I have some excess capacity. I alsohave a muffle furnace that can get at least to 550 C. The last time I worked with zeolites and molecular sieves I had access to nitrogen gas to pump through to regenerate the columns to remove bound water. I no longer have that nitrogen gas.Is it possible to regenerate the 3A mole sieve without a blanketing gas? I may be able to pump air through the column. Does my procedure seem right for removing the water from 95% ethanol? Would the same procedure work with the 70% ethanol? Thanks, Tom Irwin ___Biofuel mailing list[EMAIL PROTECTED] http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]/ -- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQCentro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - BrasilResidence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]/
Re: [Biofuel] Chemical engineer's letter and bioeng
HI Without the colaborative information exchange and dadta base information on biofuel both chemical and bioenginerring people are wasting the money in research not only in USA , but also in the developing country too as an academic curiosity to make patent and publish papers .Hence Mari the e mail has some fact for all the members to think about . Any research need sound chemical logic as well as economical objetive . Ethanol via biochemical route compared chemical syntysis seem to be very practical one . sd PannirselvamOn 8/20/05, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:HELP!How can I respond to the negative email below? It's from a chemical engineer friend researching ethanol from cellulose. Isent him some info from this list to help his research, and wassurprised by the anger. Anyone have specific things I can say inresponse?The email: Hi MarilynThose guys are out in left field. From my perspective -- havingfollowed and evaluated various biomass gasification processes(technology and economics) for 27 years -- is that theBioengineering Resources guys are opportunistic promoters -- looking for suckers (e.g., U.S. DOE or some naive investors withmoney to waste). The technology is neither prove noreconomical. And who needs more vinegar (dilute acetic acid).Fermentation of synthesis gas to acetic acid is nonsense. Producing synthesis gas from biomass is itself unproven at anysignificant scale (not even in a decent pilot plant) -- and if it couldbe achieved, would be very expensive relative to other options forproducing synthesis gas. FYI -- Synthesis gas is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, which can be reacted overvarious catalysts at elevated temperatures to produce manydifferent products -- such as alcohols, hydrocarbons, andvarious oxygenated organic compounds. The synthesis gas first has to be purified (made extremely clean), and the H2/CO ratioalso has to be adjusted for the specific application. After thesynthesis, further processing is usually required. Most of these assorted biomass energy promoters (and I have seen many come and go over 27 years) don't understandchemical engineering, process economics, resourceavailability/supply/transportation economics, etc., etc. Yet everyevery 5-10 years a new generation of biomass advocates and promoters emerge (or are otherwise born into the light) whodon't know their asses from first base -- but think that biomasswill save the world -- and so promote all kinds of technicallydumb and uneconomical ideas -- and make life miserable for the people who are doing reasonable work. They all stroke eachother and keep each other going and feeling self-righteous.This whole business is too complicated and emotion-ridden forthe biomass zealots (and apparently for me too) for me to begin discussing the many dimensions of it in an e-mail.I personally favor the idea of exploiting biomass (intelligently) asa renewable energy resource -- and think that we can be utilizingit. However, a lot has to change (mostly politically, socially, economically, educationally, etc.) for that to ever happen. Thecause is not helped by promoters of dumb ideas.___Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED]http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]/-- Pagandai V PannirselvamUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRNDepartamento de Engenharia Química - DEQ Centro de Tecnologia - CTPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQGrupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPECAv. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus UniversitárioCEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - Brasil Residence :AvOdilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 CapimMacioEP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - BrasilTelefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal21032171557 Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular8488145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]/
Re: [Biofuel] de-polymerizing cellulose not practical at this point
Helow Brain, Tom , Robert , Keith and every one As I am from academics side involved in this subject in our list with PHD thesis (IIT, Delhi, India in 1980) on enzymatic hydrolysis of bimass waste and following the research for the past 25 years in this area .After seeing remarkable break through in cellulase enzyme productivity and costs, now I am sure that the low energy path of depolymerization of cellulose using enzymes can be practical for distributed bioethanol made possible from paper and biomass wastes. Eventhouh acid hydrolysis is commercially proven technology , some physical and Biological pretreatment using fungi followed by the enzymatic hydrolysis using commercially available celluase enzyme , with reuse of enzymes can make possible practically depolymerize cellulose to higher yield , making also possible the simultaneous fermentation and depolimerization all this as well studied with higher yields too. However the problems are yet the low concentration of alcohol in the process and enzyme recovery yet not very high. With the use of solvent (caster oil ) alcohol and water as described her in the biofuel list archives can make possible to overcome the problems ina practical way and sub products ezymatically degraded ethanol soluble lignin can be used as an usfuel biofuel as lignin has higher calorific value.The mushroom process can make depolimerization in practical way as an effective pretreatment. This route is yet to be outined in detail in web page of http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Yet, Keith has some infomation , but not yet published in the web pages as this small biomass refinary not yet matured one but is developing fast one to be as this not only the acadamic , but also practical one for the very near future. Small Biomass refinery for biofuel production by rural farmer can bring food, feed , fuel,fertillizer in a decentralized way with more sustainabilty and peace to the world. I am sure that our biofuel list and the list members is the only global forum to make this path , transfer it global and make the difusion to all parts of the world who need it. Greeting to all Yours truely Pannirselvam Brasil On 8/13/05, Brian Rodgers [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Thank you Tom, Robert, and everyone for the fantastic feedback. I received an email from my Dad, the retired chemist. He suggests we move away from the idea of de-polymerizing cellulose as it seems out of our reach financially and technologically. I am happy to let the process of mycelium-rot to the fungi folks and let them see what they can do with it. Dad said he could find no serious research into cellulose breakdown by any of his friends at the university. Without the help of these academics, he believes we can not continue on our own. I told him we would continue to knock it around at the Biofuels email list. I will continue to pursue the ethanol angle, but I will stick to conventional methods of fermentation. For instance, I will explore the naturally occurring sugar plants. A friend came by the other day with wine made from prickly pears. Very potent drink with all the flavor a wine enthusiast can wish for. I will search for more locally available, naturally occurring, sugary feedstock to get my experiments going with fermentation. My next research project will be steam power. With more great info found through the vast wealth of knowledge at the Journey to Forever web site, I think it makes a lot of sense to burn the readily available waste wood as opposed to breaking it down in order to ferment it. I realize that the smoke is going to be a problem, so I am hoping with experience I gained building several wood burning heat stoves I can build an efficient fire box. It's weird, but the morning process around here is similar to the steam engine. As I work on my daily newsletter, ideas are slow to build up, gain momentum, albeit sloppy and sluggish, then the whistle blows, and I finally figure out what I want to write about. Then I have to read what I already have, edit out the erroneous filler that got me focused in the first place, and then I really get going, full steam ahead. I was talking with my older brother last night. I attempted to inspire him with my new plans for a steam powered ranch community. One massive, centrally located, wood fired boiler which easily converts waste wood to energy. Steam is routed to several households in close proximity. A nearby steam powered electric generator should be able to furnish enough power to run the entire ranch with power left over during non-peak electric use hours to sell back to the local Electric Co-Op. I still need to research the circuits needed to reverse power back through the meter. But this is well within my understanding, much more so than chemistry.
Re: [Biofuel] RE: jelly and jellybiofuel
Hi D Giorchino The mess you have made can be a new dicovery of solid biofuel . jelly solid ethanol has good market as the future biofuel for rural areas as identified by UN. Try to acess about the possbility of mixing your mess with ethanol jelly fuel.Thus the big problem of disposing the mess can be an aportunity to make business. Fell free to have help from this list as all here very good experts Yours truely Pannirselvam P.V Federal university ,Natal.RN Brasil On 8/7/05, DERICK GIORCHINO [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi Keith More Thanks for you response. I tried the world famous chop stick titration technique. Wow what a difference in my titration #. I did a 1 ltr test in a soda bottle, with excellent result almost instantly. But here is where I got into trouble. The next batch was 20 liters I had some methoxide mixed from a prior batch that was also a failure and I couldn't figure what to do with the toxic mix so I tried to dilute it to 10 g.p. liter. I did my mixing of the 20 liters. As it cooled it turned into what looks like lard. I felt that I may have overdosed it. So I then took some test bottles and put 20% failure oil and 75% fresh wvo set it in the sun to melt/ liquefy. (105 deg F) shook it hard also a 50/50 mix in the hot state it seamed to separate better 25/75 than the 50/50 but as the sun went down and it cooled the 25/75 started to jell and the glycerol layer vanished but the 50/50 looked much better with a glycerol layer jelled at the bottom. I m not asking for a fix. But is the jelly a typical sign of over dosing? I have a problem with disposing of the mess I have made if there is a way to salvage it. -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Keith Addison Sent: Tuesday, August 02, 2005 8:58 PM To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Subject: RE: [Biofuel] RE: Phenolphthalein solution Hi Derick May be there is some help for me out there. I have made lots and lots of test batches. Most of them bad not good. One border line. And one 15 gal batch with fairly good results. I have used all the options given for titration in the J.T. Forever. Test strips work ... poorly, if at all, and are not recommended by JtF. but after introducing it to the mix I find if I need to add more solution the color will not change so I need to add strip after strip as I add the solution accuracy is probably off by the time I get done P.H. meter a good one I found to be about the same pH meters work well, especially if it's a good one, you shouldn't be having problems. and I have used phenolphthalein and get excellent response but im no chemist Very few of us are. can anyone tell me how much phenolphthalein to use on the test I have been using 2 drops @ 1% phenolphthalein. The instructions from J.T.F say use 1% phenolphthalein solution (1.0w/v%). If you can please help. Thanks Derick You say: The instructions from J.T.F say use 1% phenolphthalein solution (1.0w/v%). The instructions at JtF say: Add 2 drops of phenolphthalein solution. Dissolve 1 gm of lye in 1 litre of distilled water (0.1% w/v lye solution). In a smaller beaker, dissolve 1 ml of the cooled oil in 10 ml of pure isopropyl alcohol. Warm the beaker gently by standing it in some hot water, stir until all the oil dissolves in the alcohol and turns clear. Add 2 drops of phenolphthalein solution. Using a graduated syringe, add 0.1% lye solution drop by drop to the oil-alcohol-phenolphthalein solution, stirring all the time, until the solution starts to turn pink and stays that way for 10 seconds. -- From: Biodiesel from waste oil http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_make.html#biodwvo See also: More about lye How much lye to use? Basic titration Better titration Accurate measurements pH meters Phenolphthalein pH meters vs phenolphthalein http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_make2.html#lye Are your scales, measuring equipment and measuring techniques up to scratch? Best wishes Keith -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Probst, Peter Sent: Tuesday, August 02, 2005 9:44 AM To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Subject: [Biofuel] RE: Phenolphthalein solution Thanks to all who provided sources and altarnatives for the phenolphthalein! Now I can start using the 75+ gallons of WVO that's been sitting around my garage. Pete ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http
Re: [Biofuel] New Fair Trade Model Needed and ecological engineering
Sustainable global economy need new fair trade model based on the global energy, economy and ecology.Several interesting work in the ecological engineering model can help to find this fair tarde model.by ODUM there can be social tesuname can bee forseen as the big turbulance not only for the developing world but also the develping one as the poor country money has novalue and hence their product too. sd Pannirselvam On 8/5/05, Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: http://www.inthesetimes.com/site/main/article/2266/ News July 28, 2005 New Fair Trade Model Needed Sweeping changes in the export of textiles have forced a difficult reappraisal among U.S. sweatshop monitors: How best to help workers in a relentless industry? By Mischa Gaus Workers at the Youngor Group textile factory in China. The expiration of the worldwide quota system that regulated the flow of textiles between the global south and north, now six months old, has created massive job losses across the Americas, Africa and parts of South and Southeast Asia. The quotas restricted the number of textiles and garments each of about 150 countries could import to the United States and the European Union by type. The United Nations Development Program estimated 1 million jobs may be lost as a result. Following shifts in production to China, Vietnam and India, exports to the United States of some goods from those countries increased by as much as 1,200 percent this year. Sweatshop monitoring groups say other areas handicapped by geography and poor infrastructure, like Swaziland, saw nearly half their factories closed. The quotas existed for 30 years to protect rich nations' garment industries from low-wage competition in poor countries. Rich nations gave up quotas a decade ago during World Trade Organization negotiations in return for other favorable rules, and quotas have been phasing out since then. January's quota termination accelerated the trend in the already cutthroat business that demands annual price cuts from its contracted factories-2 to 3 percent each year over the last decade, according to a U.S. mill spokesman. Some estimates say the phase-out could allow apparel corporations to force prices down by as much as 30 percent, making life much worse for apparel workers who still have jobs. Factories find a way to meet the price or they don't, says Scott Nova, executive director of the factory-monitoring group, Worker Rights Consortium. One of the ways they're going to meet it is by screwing their workers. Brands know this and they ultimately bear the moral responsibility for causing it. The wrenching changes in the apparel industry vexes groups like the Consortium, which has spent four years focusing on individual factories to help garment workers build independent unions, obtain health benefits, and curb blacklisting, discrimination and physical violence against workers who join unions or attempt to organize them. But having friends in the north was no immunity. Several of the factories where the Consortium helped secure large gains have closed or idled workers as managers moved production out. As in the rest of the industry, much of the work fled to China, where independent unions are banned. Undeterred, the Consortium has partnered with Hong Kong-based NGOs that operate in the mainland. With backing from brands that contract with Chinese factories, the group plans to hold labor and safety trainings inside shops-and below the government's radar. That could nurture independent organizing and, in time, nascent unions. The crucial question: How long before the Chinese government, which has tolerated some spontaneous worker organizing recently, would see the trainings as a threat? Trying to work on labor issues in China is like trying to dance on a nightclub dance floor, says Clark University sociology professor Bob Ross, who writes on sweatshop issues. You've got just a certain amount of space to wiggle in, and it's not a lot. Ultimately, anti-sweatshop advocates say the kind of factory-by-factory struggle fought thus far and envisioned in China cannot expand enough to counter the unyielding imperatives of capital. Without structural change within the industry-such as year-to-year stability in contracts, ending the ceaseless price cuts demanded by brands, and forcing brands to pay prices that reflect the actual cost of providing workers a decent wage and dignified workplace-lasting and meaningful gains for a significant number of garment workers are impossible. We've had to jump from factory solidarity campaign to factory solidarity campaign where things arise, says Allie Robbins, a national organizer with United Students Against Sweatshops. We're seeing the need for a new strategy. The power of anti-sweatshop activists resides in universities that sell rights to license goods with their logos. Students have forced their
Re: [Biofuel] First Mixer
Greetings to all and Keith Recently I hve the aporunity to participate Germa nad Brasil joint conference held in Fortaleza , N, Brazil on BioD.Af any one from the list needs more infomation we can send more details. One of the BASF proposal is to make to perpare metylhydroxide and distribute for the small scale BioD. Can this method will really help the remote rural people of the developing world or will increase the gap.C an this will be reality. sd Pannirselvam. On 8/5/05, Garth Kim Travis [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Greetings, Garth is building us our first test mixer and he has a question. Will the methylhydroxide damage brass? We have a collection of brass fitting and were thinking about using them. Bright Blessings, Kim ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Pagandai V Pannirselvam Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN Departamento de Engenharia Química - DEQ Centro de Tecnologia - CT Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPEC Av. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitário CEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - Brasil Residence : Av Odilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 Capim Macio EP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - Brasil Telefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal210 32171557 Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular 84 88145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Re: thermal and biological depolymerization
Hello Brian and Keith Biological depolymerization is as much effective as thermal one via mushroom growth compared to thermal depolymerization as this involves enzymatic combustion reaction mechanism with out energy input .The reaction of enzymatic combustion has been discovered recently found to play major role by the fungi of the mushroom family.Thus mushroom production coupled with enzymatic celluase process can make ethanol from cellulose much more sustainable as the celluase enzymes can be reused soon can be mad avaialble plenty. sd Pannirselvam P.V On 8/5/05, Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Forgot about this... http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg45810.html [Biofuel] 'Changing World Technologies' Plan to Turn Garbage into Oil Best Keith Hello Brian Ok, I promised the list admin I would look in the archives before I asked questions about new subjects. I did find some stuff about thermal depolymerization TDP. http://www.mindfully.org/Energy/2003/Anything-Into-Oil1may03.htmht tp://www.mindfully.org/Energy/2003/Anything-Into-Oil1may03.htm I really would like to know what the current group thinks about the Thermal Conversion Process (TCP). I have read the company blurbs at Changing World Technologies site and a few other articles found on the Web. Have you all exhausted your talk on this already? In the meantime I will keep searching the archives. I realize that TDP is not a backyard project so if you want to leave it alone I will understand. Brian Rodgers It's a hardy perennial, always popping up in a new guise, whether oil from turkey parts or whatever. An archive search for Fischer-Tropsch will tell you much, including this fascinating snippet, from a list member: One of our oldest scientists, now 84 yrs. old, was responsible for going into Germany post WWII and uncovering the remains of Hitler's synthetic fuels machine which had been bombed out. I'm speaking of Fischer-Tropsch oily-based paraffins which are hydrocracked down into shorter chains for synthetic gasoline, jet fuel and diesel. He brought back some of the original German scientists who'd perfected this technology which utilized coarse, low-grade brown German coal as feedstock. Three times he tried to start-up an American version of synthetic hydrocarbon fuels in the GTL arena and was blocked. As the highest ranking American energy technologist post WWII, he couldn't figure this out. It was over 20 years later that he realized that the late John Rockefeller of Standard Oil [Exxon] had been the politic behind the scenes, making sure that his new, alternative fuel ideas did not materialize. This scientist then took his blueprints for the first major GTL project and gave them to Sasol who built his first coal gasification device back in 1953 and it is still operating today. Sasol from South Africa is the oldest synthetic fuels producer globally. Try these: http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg46496.html Re: [Biofuel] Chrisgas http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg39855.html Re: [Biofuel] what are the on about? http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg39881.html Re: [Biofuel] what are the on about? http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg39888.html Re: [Biofuel] what are the on about? http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg32941.html Re: [biofuel] Sunoil better than biodiesel http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg24063.html Re: [biofuel] longdiscover article: anything to oil! Best Keith ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Pagandai V Pannirselvam Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN Departamento de Engenharia Química - DEQ Centro de Tecnologia - CT Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPEC Av. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitário CEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - Brasil Residence : Av Odilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 Capim Macio EP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - Brasil Telefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal210 32171557 Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular 84 88145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel
Re: [Biofuel] ethanol from wood using mushrooms using bioprocess
Hello to every one Very simple bio process using mushroom Pluretus can give substrate for simultaneous saccharification(hydrolysis) and fermentation , this can lead to low alcohol content , but a simple solvent extraction with Castor oil as outlined in http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html.This can lead to hydrous alcohol which can be used directly used as feed stocks (raw material) after removal of the water using compressed air and zeolites adsorption.Surely this can low energy consuming process and can be done in a decentralised small scale biomass refinery as alternate to the petroleum refinery. sd Pannir On 8/4/05, Brian Rodgers [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Now that you bring up this point about yeast and fungi eating sugar the same stuff needed to ferment, it occurs to me that these fungi folks were unaware that I was trying to ferment the sawdust. Their original plan as I recall was to help my friend who owns a small sawmill to dispose of sawdust. Oh well at this point it is still in the thinking about it stage. I will gladly leave some of this learning the hard way stuff for next season, or as they say around here Mañana I will apprise you all of the mushroom experiment as it develops. Brian Rodgers My hopes go up and down up and down. Brian Hello Brian. This is most intriguing. Let me describe another sawdust expt. which I did in my kitchen. I first placed the sawdust in a clean wide mouth plastic feeding bottle, anchored it in a pot of water, and boiled for 30 min. with lid on to sterilise the sawdust. On cooling a small piece of edible 'oyster mushroom' was dipped for short time in 'chlorox' solution (dilute sodium hypochlorite solution) and quickly inserted into sawdust with sterilised tongs. The mouth of the bottle was stuffed with sterile cotton. I was of course trying to make edible mushroom. sure enough the white mycellium grew for 2-3 wks. A black coloured spot suddenly appeared and quickly spread throughout the bottle killing the oyster, probably due to poor sterile technique. The oyster mushroom was fresh from the supermarket. It was growing for few weeks. I did not measure the glucose content for which sterile water inlet/outlet fittings would have been necessary. I also did not continue mushroom expts. in my kitchen, although I used it from time to time for tinkering with kitchen chemistry, courtesy of my dear wife, who is now looking over my shoulder at all this with a smile. Cheers. This is very helpful. Thank you so much. I have passed this along to my friends in the New Mexico Mycological Society. http://www.mycowest.org/nmms/ Let's see if they can get on the ball. I received several responses about the wood digesting mushroom at the Biofuels group. I wish I knew more about how mycelia operated. I don't know which is the most useful feedback, so I posted the letters here for all mycological society types out there. Please interpret and give me some feedback so I can pass it along to these other scientific types. At first I thought maybe we were barking up the wrong tree and then one fellow said, Yes Oyster mushrooms, find the right one and grow some. Very cool. You mean we aren't totally off the wall? Brian Rodgers ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Pagandai V Pannirselvam Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN Departamento de Engenharia Química - DEQ Centro de Tecnologia - CT Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPEC Av. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitário CEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - Brasil Residence : Av Odilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 Capim Macio EP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - Brasil Telefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal210 32171557 Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular 84 88145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] ethanol from wood please compliment
Hi Brain Rodgers Gypsym can be used as depolymerizing and delignication agente for removal of lignin at hiher temperatature , making possivel cellulose seperation , and hence , sugar and alcohol production sd Pannirselvam On 8/4/05, Brian Rodgers [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Thanks Manick You are fortunate to have walking encyclopedia in your dad. Nurture him well. During my morning run I stopped by the area where Dad was attaching wire to the steel posts I pounded in over the weekend. (Patting myself on the back here for nurturing.) Hehe Anyway, Dad said it was nice to hear your compliment and he was encouraged. He explained the deal with the gypsum. I admitted I had no idea how gypsum was involved with biomass processing. I am still a bit unclear and asked him to get me a link or write it down so I can study the theory and maybe it will sink in. He also said that he queried the UNM Chemistry department of which he is alumni about which University was actively working on the cellulose to sugar process. They didn't know. Does anyone here know the answer to this question? Brian Rodgers ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Pagandai V Pannirselvam Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN Departamento de Engenharia Química - DEQ Centro de Tecnologia - CT Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPEC Av. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitário CEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - Brasil Residence : Av Odilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 Capim Macio EP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - Brasil Telefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal210 32171557 Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular 84 88145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] The rise of Corporate Power and the disabling of democracy
Helo Keith The present political crises and corruption in recent turbulence in Brazil is certainly due to the lobby , the big buisness , The Corporate banking system where rich is becoming richer , the poor much poor trying to disable the democracy and sustainable developements .The topic is more relevant for us here too in our forum Thanking you Keith Yours truely Pannirselvam On 7/29/05, Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Fwd from Lion Kuntz at Sustainable Agriculture Network Discussion Group (SANET): While looking up something about Tom Scott, in 1877 the president of the biggest corporation in the world who went to war with John D. Rockefeller and lost, I found a link. This link led to a chapter of a book online, which had good information, and confirmed facts from a number of other sources. However, I noticed that the host site offered the electronic version of the book for free download in PDF format. If anybody would like to save themselves twenty-five smackers, this book is offered by arrangement of the author and the publisher. It is not some pirate copy. http://gangsofamerica.com/index.html - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sincerely, Lion Kuntz Santa Rosa, California, USA Download for free: http://gangsofamerica.com/read.html http://gangsofamerica.com/index.html Gangs of America by Ted Nace - the rise of Corporate Power and the disabling of democracy Corporations are the dominant force in modern life, surpassing even church and state. The largest are richer than entire nations, and courts have given these entities more rights than people. To many Americans, corporate power seems out of control. According to a Business Week/Harris poll released in September 2000, 82 percent of those surveyed agreed that business has too much power over too many aspects of our lives. And the recent revelations of corporate scandal and political influence have only added to such concerns. Where did this powerful institution come from? How did it get so much power? In Gangs of America: The Rise of Corporate Power and the Disabling of Democracy, author Ted Nace probes the roots of corporate power, finding answers in surprising places. A key revelation of the book is the wariness of the Founding Fathers toward corporations. That wariness was shaped by rampant abuses on the part of British corporations such as the Virginia Company, whose ill-treatment killed thousands of women and children on forced-labor tobacco plantations, and the East India Company, whose attempt to monopolize American commodities led to the merchant-led rebellion known as the Boston Tea Party. Because of such attitudes, the word corporation does not appear once in the United States Constitution. At the Constitutional Convention, all proposals to include corporations in that document were voted down by delegates. Corporate attorneys persisted in seeking legal protections for their clients by means of sympathetic court rulings, but until the Civil War such attempts largely failed. After the Civil War, the tide quickly turned, as lobbyists secured key changes in corporate law and as corporate attorneys won a series of decisions from an increasingly pro-corporate Supreme Court. Nace recounts the key figures who engineered the corporate bill of rights, in particular two brilliant strategists: railroad baron Tom Scott and Supreme Court Justice Stephen Field. The book explores in depth the bizarre intrigues that resulted in the infamous corporations are persons ruling of 1886, and how that ruling affected the subsequent development of Supreme Court doctrine. Nace charts the growth of corporate power through the Gilded Age, including the bloody repression of organized labor and the rise of social Darwinist thinking among American elites. He recounts how that expansion came to a halt under the New Deal, as organized labor gained legal protections, social Darwinism fell into disrepute, and Franklin Roosevelt asserted a vision of American society that placed democratic limits on corporate power. To many observers, it seemed that the corporate Frankenstein had finally been tamed by countervailing power. According to Nace, that optimistic view was dashed in the final decades of the twentieth century, as Big Business mounted a remarkable comeback. The corporate political resurgence began with a 1971 memorandum written by Lewis Powell, Jr., shortly before Powell was appointed to the Supreme Court by Richard Nixon. In the memorandum, Powell urged corporate America to apply its full organizational and strategic resources to politics, a course of action that proved highly successful. Gangs of America describes the expansion of corporate legal empowerment onto the global stage through international agreements such as the North American Free Trade Agreement, which boosted the legal powers of corporations to the level of sovereign
Re: [Biofuel] The Homemade Windmills of Nebraska
Helo Keith and all our list members Wind energy is also important bioenergy and thank a lot Keith bringing the very interesting information as this can make possivel to come out with the inovative design sd Pannirselvam On 7/21/05, Keith Addison [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: http://www.newearthdigest.com/energy/mechanical/wind/neb/nebraska_1.html The Homemade Windmills of Nebraska An online reprint of the original 1899 book on homemade windmills and their applications. The wind should be looked upon as a natural resource just as worthy of development as other natural resources. If we can derive our energy from the wind, why is it not as good as to get it from coal? In the 1890's a good windmill could supply running water in the rural home and much-needed water for irrigation and livestock. Regardless of any vulnerabilities in our electrical grid, the wind will always be with us, and the information in this booklet is as valuable today as it was more than a hundred years ago. As the author, Mr. Barbour put it, ...it is the windmill which makes it possible for the resident of the town, or the farm and ranch to enjoy one of the luxuries and conveniences of the city home. Such water service is cheap and satisfactory. For that reason we feel it is important that this information be preserved and passed along, and we are glad to reproduce the entire text and all illustrations of this important booklet here. - New Earth Digest ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Pagandai V Pannirselvam Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN Departamento de Engenharia Química - DEQ Centro de Tecnologia - CT Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPEC Av. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitário CEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - Brasil Residence : Av Odilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 Capim Macio EP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - Brasil Telefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal210 32171557 Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular 84 88145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Fwd: Ethanol from corn vs Biodiesel from soy,etc.
Helo Bob Biodiesel can be made an intergrated way to produce defated soyabens for beef meat substuite and the oil can be directly or via transesterication to produce Biodiesel.As peanut , soybeans as leguminas , they can surely improve the sutainable enegy and food production.Now days we rae using soyproteins for animal feed.Sustainable small scale farming and small scale industries are social technology where as big mechanised farming and large scale industries prefer ethanol as apposed to smaller .Integrating small and big can be also done by very good goverment to make sustianble devleopments .Surely Biodiesel can win over etanol production from ecological and economic point of view. sd Panniselvam On 7/8/05, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: -- Forwarded message -- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date: Fri, 8 Jul 2005 18:14:53 EDT Subject: Ethanol from corn vs Biodiesel from soy,etc. I have read various estimates about the net fuel gain from the production of ethanol from corn vs the production of biodiesel from soy. (I'm aware that ethanol and biodiesel can be produced from other sources as well, but corn and soy seem to be dominate in the US.) While the estimates vary, I would say that consistently the estimates for soy biodiesel are considerably more favorable than for corn ethanol. I'm poorly informed on the economics of farming, but it would seem that farmers/ag corporations would see a greater profit potential in biodiesel, and that that would be good for the public at large as well. Does anyone have any thoughts/information on why farmers wouldn't switch from corn to soy for the biofuel market? Is it a matter of market, in the sense that there's more demand for the ethanol? Of the infrastructure cost of switching? Or? I apologize if there is information on this topic in the archives and that I was too inept to find it, and I apologize if my questions are naive. It seems to me that biofuels will play a critical role in the national security, economy, environment, and human welfare in many countries and I'm trying to educate myself on the issues. Bob ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Pagandai V Pannirselvam Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN Departamento de Engenharia Química - DEQ Centro de Tecnologia - CT Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPEC Av. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitário CEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - Brasil Residence : Av Odilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 Capim Macio EP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - Brasil Telefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal210 32171557 Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular 84 88145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] ethanol from animal waste
Helo Because pig waste has 80 porcent water , biogasification will be the correct choice followed by termal cracking/gasification .Thus the energy input can be minized as rapid bioconversion is also the comercial process. Energy balance can make the etanol process less competitive related with natural gas compression , which is simple , can be built easily with suatianble coproducts. The the effluents is rich 2 time in protein as animal feed can be much more sustainable to prevent polution sd Panniselvam P V On 7/9/05, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Robert mentioned his concern over the masses of animal waste pouring into the rivers. I found these articles showing how in N Carolina they are starting to make pig waste into ethanol. Has anyone researched this area? Marilyn http://mark.asci.ncsu.edu/SwineReports/2001/03manbrett.htm Formation of Fuel-Grade Ethanol from Swine Waste via Gasification B. Kaspers, J. Koger, R. Gould[1], A. Wossink[2], R. Edens[2], and T. van Kempen Summary The objective of this project is to investigate the application of gasification technologies to the treatment of swine waste for the ultimate production of fuel-grade ethanol. This waste treatment system would reduce the negative environmental impact of current manure management systems. The research objectives are: 1) to develop and test a system for harvesting swine manure in a form dry enough to be used as a gasification feedstock, 2) to establish the feasibility and the gasification conditions for the swine waste/amendments feedstock, 3) to characterize the end products of gasification (ethanol and mineral ash) and their potential markets, and 4) to conduct a rigorous economic analysis on the entire swine manure management model to determine its feasibility along with the factors that promote or impede its implementation. Introduction Ethanol production (primarily via fermentative methods) from crops and other renewable biomass sources has received much attention recently, but the current approach has problems. Mainly, crop-based feedstocks are subject to seasonal fluctuations in supply, ultimately limiting ethanol generation. Such feedstocks necessitate either lengthy storage of the perishable plant materials or stopping ethanol production altogether during the off-season. Another dilemma faced is that some of the feedstocks currently used in ethanol production (e.g. corn stubble) have a greater value elsewhere (e.g. fertilizer). More specifically, the energy cost in harvesting these feedstocks (e.g. corn stubble) as well as their lost value as soil amendments makes ethanol production costly to farmers (Pimental, 1992). Animal manures avoid many of these problems because they are a truly renewable feedstock. The quantity of swine manure produced in the U.S, estimated at 5 billion kg dry matter per year, is sufficient to contribute substantially to ethanol supplies. Assuming a conversion efficiency of 40%, there is a theoretical ethanol yield of 500 million gallons per year. North Carolina is the second largest hog-producing state within the U.S. with a swine population large enough for gasification technology to be feasible. Thus, ethanol production of 80 million gallons per year should theoretically be attainable. The most recent RFA (Renewable Fuels Association) Ethanol Report (May 11, 2000) concludes that replacing corn with less expensive feedstocks will result in substantial reductions in ethanol production costs. Gasification of biomass has received much attention as a means to convert waste materials to a variety of energy forms (i.e. electricity, combustible gases, synfuels, various fuel alcohols, etc.). Gasification is a two-step, endothermic process in which solid fuel is thermochemically converted into a low or medium Btu gas. Pyrolysis (Step 1) of the biomass is followed by either direct or indirect oxygen-deprived combustion (Step 2) during the gasification process. This process converts raw biomass into a combustible gas, retaining 60-70 % of the feedstock's original energy content. Thermochem's steam reformer is the system we are investigating to gasify our feedstock because this type of gasifier produces a hydrogen-rich, medium-Btu fuel gas. This gasifier design percolates superheated steam through an indirectly heated inert fluidized bed of sand or a mineral material. The organic feedstock injected into the bed undergoes a rapid sequence of pyrolysis and vaporization reactions. Higher hydrocarbons released among the pyrolysis products are steam cracked and partially reformed to produce low molecular weight species. This process produces a gas with nearly immeasurable environmental emissions of NOx, SOx, CO, and particulates. The main reason this particular gasifier design is favored is because of its hydrogen to carbon ratio (2:1) is ideal for ethanol synthesis. A
Re: [Biofuel] biodiesel and WVO in all liquid cooled Diesel engines?
Helow Jason Graves Becuase several information you get confused .The more sure what you want , here in this following list arquives you can find what you want. http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ As I undestand , first you need to work raw materil to get clear oil filter it , remove water , try using a mixture upto 20 pocent oil, 5 pocent gasoline to reduce the visscosity and PH the rest petro diesel . Then you can think of buying the eletric heater kit or heat exchanger system from some reliable suppliers. Finally you can make your own Biodiesel so taht there is no need to modify . Sincerly Pannirselvcam Brasil On 7/10/05, graveshouse [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello, I've been looking at different ways to use diesel motors in my lifestyle, burning biodiesel and/or WVO. I've run into several people who've said that this or that particular motor won't burn biodiesel. I'm confused, since I'm fairly sure I've read here and other places that ANY diesel motor with liquid cooling can burn bio and I believe WVO (with modifications, ie xtra fuel tank, straining grease and heating it to 160 F ) with slight modifications to take into account the solvency of bio. I'm wanting to burn it in my Kubota tractor (new to me, 20+ years old), a replacement pickup for my farm and a perhaps smaller engine to run an electrical generator. Please let me know, am I right and these people just don't want to take the chance of being wrong (telling me it can burn bio if it can't) or are wrong? Please also tell me again what modifications to need to be made (specific hose types to change, etc). Thank you for your input. Sincerely, Jason Graves ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- Pagandai V Pannirselvam Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN Departamento de Engenharia Química - DEQ Centro de Tecnologia - CT Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ Grupo de Pesquisa em Engenharia de Custos - GPEC Av. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitário CEP 59.072-970 , Natal/RN - Brasil Residence : Av Odilon gome de lima, 2951, Q6/Bl.G/Apt 102 Capim Macio EP 59.078-400 , Natal/RN - Brasil Telefone(fone ) ( 84 ) 3215-37690 Ramal210 32171557 Telefone(fax) ( 84 ) 3215-3770 residencia 32171557 Cellular 84 88145083 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/