I started up Trisquel from the CD without installing it. Then I mounted the
internal hard drive where I had installed Trisquel on, but the /proc/ folder
does not have any content.
That is perfectly normal. /proc only provides an interface to access
information about the kernel and the
The loop mounts virtual filesystems that 'grub-install' requires.
If you have already tried a 4.x kernel, I am afraid trying yet another
version will not solve the issue. :-S
Doing the same up to (and including) the 'chroot', Lorenz can then try to
install a newer kernel:
https://trisquel.info/en/wiki/update-linux-libre-kernel