If you reformat the partition:
You will lose the data on it (since that perspective does not seem to bother
you, I guess you have a recent backup);
The problem should be fixed...
... but not for long (or at all) if the drive is actually defective!
You can see the SMART data of the drive.
I believe XFS supports all the architectures Linux supports. It is indeed
implemented in the kernel. As far as I understand, XFS being 64 bits means
it uses 64 bits to address the disk. That allows to have XFS filesystems of
size up to 8 exbibytes minus one byte. That is about 8 billions
Yes.
A priori, the fact you modified the panel layout before the problem occurs is
a mere coincidence. Your XFS filesystem to be mounted at /home is corrupted.
As the log says, you need to 'umount' it and run 'xfs_repair' on it. If the
filesystem is indeed mounted, the following command will