Public bug reported:

I was switching from Fedora 23, and my /home directory is in a separated
partition, the same that I've choose to Ubuntu 16.04.1, so after the
installation on the first login, the Unity failed to start, only the
background was showing.

When I opened the terminal and hit ls, the following message was shown:

Command 'ls' is available in '/bin/ls'
The command could not be located because '/bin' is not included in the PATH 
environment variable.
ls: command not found

So only /bin/ls to work

So I've set /bin on /etc/environment, but didn't work
PATH="/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games"

Executing the command unity on the terminal works, a little buggy :(

ProblemType: Bug
DistroRelease: Ubuntu 16.04
Package: unity 7.4.0+16.04.20160715-0ubuntu1
ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 4.4.0-31.50-generic 4.4.13
Uname: Linux 4.4.0-31-generic x86_64
.tmp.unity_support_test.0:
 
ApportVersion: 2.20.1-0ubuntu2.1
Architecture: amd64
CompizPlugins: No value set for 
`/apps/compiz-1/general/screen0/options/active_plugins'
CompositorRunning: compiz
CompositorUnredirectDriverBlacklist: '(nouveau|Intel).*Mesa 8.0'
CompositorUnredirectFSW: true
CurrentDesktop: Unity
Date: Thu Sep 22 18:20:10 2016
DistUpgraded: Fresh install
DistroCodename: xenial
DistroVariant: ubuntu
GraphicsCard:
 Intel Corporation Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:0046] 
(rev 02) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
   Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Core Processor Integrated Graphics 
Controller [103c:172a]
InstallationDate: Installed on 2016-09-22 (0 days ago)
InstallationMedia: Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS "Xenial Xerus" - Release amd64 (20160719)
Lsusb:
 Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0020 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
 Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
 Bus 001 Device 003: ID 138a:0007 Validity Sensors, Inc. VFS451 Fingerprint 
Reader
 Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0020 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
 Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
MachineType: Hewlett-Packard HP EliteBook 8440p
PccardctlStatus:
 Socket 0:
   3.3V
  16-bit
  PC Card
   Subdevice 0 (function 0) bound to driver "pata_pcmcia"
ProcKernelCmdLine: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-4.4.0-31-generic 
root=UUID=59050a1a-ffea-42e2-83e4-ad6fefdfa622 ro quiet splash vt.handoff=7
SourcePackage: unity
UpgradeStatus: No upgrade log present (probably fresh install)
dmi.bios.date: 11/25/2010
dmi.bios.vendor: Hewlett-Packard
dmi.bios.version: 68CCU Ver. F.11
dmi.board.name: 172A
dmi.board.vendor: Hewlett-Packard
dmi.board.version: KBC Version 30.31
dmi.chassis.asset.tag: BRG107FRFQ
dmi.chassis.type: 10
dmi.chassis.vendor: Hewlett-Packard
dmi.modalias: 
dmi:bvnHewlett-Packard:bvr68CCUVer.F.11:bd11/25/2010:svnHewlett-Packard:pnHPEliteBook8440p:pvr:rvnHewlett-Packard:rn172A:rvrKBCVersion30.31:cvnHewlett-Packard:ct10:cvr:
dmi.product.name: HP EliteBook 8440p
dmi.sys.vendor: Hewlett-Packard
version.compiz: compiz 1:0.9.12.2+16.04.20160714-0ubuntu1
version.ia32-libs: ia32-libs N/A
version.libdrm2: libdrm2 2.4.67-1ubuntu0.16.04.1
version.libgl1-mesa-dri: libgl1-mesa-dri 11.2.0-1ubuntu2
version.libgl1-mesa-dri-experimental: libgl1-mesa-dri-experimental N/A
version.libgl1-mesa-glx: libgl1-mesa-glx 11.2.0-1ubuntu2
version.xserver-xorg-core: xserver-xorg-core 2:1.18.3-1ubuntu2.2
version.xserver-xorg-input-evdev: xserver-xorg-input-evdev 1:2.10.1-1ubuntu2
version.xserver-xorg-video-ati: xserver-xorg-video-ati 1:7.7.0-1
version.xserver-xorg-video-intel: xserver-xorg-video-intel 
2:2.99.917+git20160325-1ubuntu1
version.xserver-xorg-video-nouveau: xserver-xorg-video-nouveau 1:1.0.12-1build2
xserver.bootTime: Thu Sep 22 18:08:00 2016
xserver.configfile: default
xserver.errors:
 
xserver.logfile: /var/log/Xorg.0.log
xserver.outputs:
 product id                                 530 
 vendor                                     LGD
xserver.version: 2:1.18.3-1ubuntu2.2

** Affects: unity (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New


** Tags: amd64 apport-bug compiz-0.9 ubuntu xenial

** Attachment added: "Terminal without window"
   
https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1626753/+attachment/4746509/+files/Screenshot%20from%202016-09-22%2018-11-31.png

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1626753

Title:
  Unity don't start after fresh installation, inoperable system,
  incomplete $PATH

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