Rev 1 of previous comment—the first one was sent by mistake: The various theories associated with the composition of a proton suggests there is none that has a +1 charge operating from the exact center of the proton. The quark model for a proton includes quarks with fractional charges. AFAIK quark theory does not have them giving up any charge while constituting a proton nor concentrating their combined charge at the center.
I think Va’vra has a better interpretation of the coulomb field near the proton resulting from the assembly of quarks and determining the energy of an electron in a close orbit around his small hydrogen—the DDL electron. Bob Cook From: Jones Beene Sent: Monday, July 06, 2015 11:42 AM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: RE: [Vo]:Re: Fractional Hydrogen without Mills Bob, If the mass deficit comes from the proton – no problem. But how can the two be considered to be a single system with shared mass-energy? The electron is known to have fractional charge as a group effect, but not as a charge-less particle. There is always a fractional charge, even in FQHE. I do not think that the electron can give up 510 keV – almost its entire mass-energy, and still retain negative charge or even an identity. The mass-to-charge ratio is a physical quantity which is widely used in the electrodynamics and charge varies linearly according to mass AFAIK. From: Bob Higgins Jones, you are the first to discuss the variable mass of the proton. The Vavra and Maly solution (which agrees with Naudts) is for the proton/electron system. There is nothing that says that all of that energy must come from the electron. Why couldn't it come from the energy of the system as a whole, which includes the proton and its spin and fields?. Jones Beene wrote: What’s left to call an electron? Certainly there is no charge, since charge and mass are linear. Photons can’t be captured, so what is left over? I stand by the “almost certainly incorrect,...” From: Bob Cook Jones and Eric- Jones wrote: “The 510 keV of Maly & Vavra is almost certainly incorrect,...” I would say Vavra makes a good case for .511 Mev in his paper on dark matter at the following link: http://www.google.com.au/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CCQQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fpdf%2F1304.0833&ei=VHeXVba1CMLGmAX4lLyQCQ&usg=AFQjCNGeR5fkfAu6tTJInn03b1pOsvgRiw&bvm=bv.96952980,d.dGY&cad=rja He calls it a small hydrogen that is responsible. The reaction that creates the small hydrogen is an energetic electron and a proton. I think Robin identified this paper a few days ago. It is worth reading. Bob Cook From: Jones Beene Sent: Monday, July 06, 2015 7:12 AM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: RE: [Vo]:Fractional Hydrogen without Mills Eric, An electron giving up its rest mass and becoming a photon is NOT part of Mills theory. Half the rest mass - 255 keV is in play for Mills, spread out in steps. Robin has a theory with a similar value. The DDL is different, depending on a number of assumptions, and it need not proceed in steps – ala Mills. This thread started out with another theory where there was an attempt to tie this reduced mass value to the FQHE, but ½ is not an acceptable whole fraction for that (it must be an odd fraction). However, FQHE is a 2 dimensional phenomenon – as is Mills Orbitsphere, so there is natural crossover (except Mills avoids QM). And any fractional charge relates to mass, since there is a linear ratio. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass-to-charge_ratio I suppose Mills 255 keV value makes a good case for the lowest level favoring the 2 electron configuration (hydrino hydride or f/H-) since it returns the atomic unit to an uncharged condition. From: Eric Walker Jones Beene wrote: The 510 keV of Maly & Vavra is almost certainly incorrect, but there are a number of values in the range of several hundred keV which represent the total energy which can be released in 136 steps. With regard to Mills's theory specifically (not those of Maly or Vavra), in some promotional literature for BLP that was promulgated over the list a year or two ago, I recall seeing some slideware to the effect that as the electron reaches the innermost level, it becomes a photon. If this understanding is an accurate reflection of Mills's theory, it suggests that the electron will have given up all of its rest mass. There would no doubt be some energy left over for the residual photon, I suppose; perhaps part of the rest mass of the electron, or its kinetic energy? Eric
