http://blog.wired.com/defense/2008/10/darpa-see-throu.html


Darpa Wants to See Inside Your House
via Danger Room by Noah Shachtman on 22/10/08


 The Pentagon wants to be able to peer inside your apartment building -- 
picking out where all the major rooms, stairways, and dens of evil-doers are. 

The U.S. military is getting better and better at spotting its enemies, when 
they're roaming around the streets. But once those foes duck into houses, they 
become a whole lot harder to spot. That's why Darpa, the Defense Department's 
way-out research arm, is looking to develop a suite of tools for "external 
sensing deep inside buildings." The ultimate goal of this Harnessing 
Infrastructure for Building Reconnaissance (HIBR) project: "reverse the 
adversaries' advantage of urban familiarity and sanctuary and provide U.S. 
Forces with complete above- and below-ground awareness."

By the end of the project, Darpa wants a set of technologies that can see into 
a 10-story building with a two-level basement in a "high-density urban block" 
-- and produce a kind of digital blueprint of the place. Using sensors mounted 
on backpacks, vehicles, or aircraft, the HIBR gear would, hopefully, be able to 
pick out every room, wall, stairway, and basement in the building -- as well as 
all of the "electrical, plumbing, and installation systems." 

Darpa doesn't come out and say it openly. But it appears that the agency wants 
these HIBR gadgets to be able to track the people inside these buildings, as 
well. Why else would these sensors be required to "provide real-time updates" 
once U.S. troops enter the building? Perhaps there's more about the 
people-spotting tech, in the "classified appendix" to HIBR's request for 
proposals. 

There are already a number of efforts underway, both military and civilian, to 
try to see inside buildings. The Army has a couple of hand-held gadgets that 
can spot people just on the other side of a wall. Some scientists claim that 
can even catch human breathing and heartbeats beyond a barrier. 

Darpa's Visibuilding program uses a kind of radar to scan structures. The 
problem isn't sending the radio frequency (RF) energy in. It's "making sense of 
the data produced from all the reflected signals" that come back, Henry Kenyon 
wrote in a recent Signal magazine article. Besides processing data from the 
inside a structure, the system also must filter a large amount of RF 
propagation in the form of randomly reflected signals. Although radar 
technologies exist that can track people in adjacent rooms, it is much more 
difficult to map an entire building. "Going through one wall is not that bad, 
but a building is basically an RF hall of mirrors. You've got signals bouncing 
all over the place," Darpa program manager Dr. Edward J. Baranoski says. Field 
trials are supposed to get underway this fall.


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