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A QUICK REPORT FROM THE UN

The three agreements were signed today by the Secretary-General, Jaime Gama
(Foreign Minister of Portugal) and Ali Alatas (FM of Indonesia). They are a
broad one on the overall process with the Indonesia's autonomy plan
annexed. One page on security. And 5 pages on the modalities for the
consultation. We hope to have the texts out on the e-mail soon. 

The overall agreement cites the main UN decolonization resolutions and
Security Council  and General Assembly resolutions on E Timor.  The UN will
conduct the a "direct, secret and universal" ballot. A UN mission will be
established. All three documents stress that Indonesia will be responsible
for "maintaining peace and security." The UN will report the results of the
vote to the Security Council and General Assembly. If autonomy wins,
Indonesia pledges to make the changes necessary to implement it and
Portugal will take steps to take E Timor off the UN agenda. If autonomy is
defeated, Indonesia will "take the constitutional steps necessary to
terminate its links with East Timor" and a "peaceful and orderly transfer"
to UN authority will take place. The Secretary-General will then begin a
"process of transition to independence." The UN will remain in East Timor
in any interim period after the vote and implementation of the result.

The ballot questions make clear that rejecting autonomy will lead "to East
Timor's separation from Indonesi." The consultation will take place on
August 8 only.  Persons 17 or over, born in East Timor or born outside of
at least one person born in ET or spouses of those born inside can vote.
Polling and registration places will be set up in ET, a half dozen
Indonesian cities, several in Australia, Macau, Lisbon, Maputo and New York
at a minimum. A schedule is laid out for the UN operation. The UN will
"regulate" international observers. Portugal will be allowed observers as
well. 

No numbers are given for UN electoral personnel or the police advisors
(Annan stressed that they will be unarmed).  Funding will come from
volunteer contributions and Portugal donated $10 million to start. 

The Security Agreement is the weakest. It reiterates Indonesia's
responsibility to maintain law and order. It  calls for the "absolute
neutrality" of the military and police. The Indonesian police will be
solely responsible for law and order, the UN will provide civilian police
advisors. It says the Commission on Peace and Stability (established in
Dili 21 April) will develop a code of conduct for the campaign. The SG must
certify that the "necessary security situation exits" for  a peaceful
consultation. 

There is apparently a separate agreement which goes further on security
which has yet to be fully worked out and may be released in the next few
days. 

>From the press conference:

Alatas was more subdued that usual. Gama spoke more than in the past.  Gama
quoted Xanana that this is a major turning point for East Timor. All are
expected to abide by the spirit and letter of the agreement. He stressed
the need for peace and security for an uncoerced vote to take place. All
sides must abide by the agreements. UN credibility is at stake.

Alatas claimed that the laying down of arms (not disarmament) and cessation
of hostilities has been achieved. Disarmament is possible (and must involve
Falintil as well) but may not be necessary if peace prevails. 

When questioned repeatedly how Indonesia could remain in charge of security
as a party to the conflict, the SG said there was no choice. "What would
you have us do?" he asked several times. The UN needs the cooperation of
the existing authority in a territory to carry out a vote.  Marker said the
UN will be working with Indonesia on disarmament, but maintenance of law
and order was the highest priority. People of E Timor have had enough of
conflict and the UN will provide assurance of impartiality.

Xanana's release was not in the agreement. The SG said he hoped it would
come "sooner rather than later."

Gama stressed this was an agreement binding states and not just governments
and that he expected that these agreements will be carried out regardless
of the Indonesian election. Gama also said the ballot result would be
reported for the whole country and not district  by district and binds the
whole territory regardless of regional differences in the voting.

Alatas said Habibie's list of countries was just a suggestion. Final
decisions rest with the SG on which nations and personnel will be involved.
It is up to the SG to decide.

Marker said a budget needs to be worked out before more donor countries are
approached, but several have made offers of help.***

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