Jeff wrote:

> I have noticed some discussion about using microscopy to determine
> particle size of CS. 
...
> In other words, the smallest particle that can be clearly seen in a
> light microscope should be about 0.2 microns in diameter. 

I've used a simplistic notion to try to predict this. A microscope
capable of 1000x magnification (and that's pushing things) would
give a .015 micron colloidal silver particle an apparent size of .015
millimeters. In other words, at best the field would be populated by
barely discernable dots. I know I'd have a hard time seeing anything
in the hundredths of millimeter range!

I don't know yet if, even with darkfield techniques, monochromatic
light sources, or whatever, we'll actually see individual particles.
But, even if the first thing we do is demonstrate that you *can't*
directly measure particle size with optical microscopy, that will be
useful information. I know for sure we'll want these capabilities as 
we move from studying the making of CS to its applications.

> I happen to have a good light microscope and would be willing to
> help you with your research efforts if you would like.  I have phase
> contrast and dark field condensers and a Sony video camera and
> monitor.  I can also feed the image into my computer to capture
> digital images.

Thank you, Jeff. That's exactly the kind of setup Jim and others are
working to put together. It sounds like you will be able to help us
with the learning curve, as long as you're patient with our
inexperience in these things. <grin>

Ultimately, I want as many people working together on all of this as 
possible, so we can back up one another's results. For that reason I 
don't have any problem with some redundancy in our resources.

> I have also used electron microscopes to a limited extent.

So have I, Jeff! Incredible tools ...

> ... the instruments I have used were very expensive. ... I doubt
> that it would be possible for this group to obtain one.  I think
> your best bet is to contract the work out, which would be much more
> cost effective.

You're right. Even small SEM's are in the hundreds of thousands
range, as far as I know. Then again, you never know what somebody 
might stumble onto one way or another. A few of us might be able to 
get a little bit of microscopy done gratis by friends at universities 
or whatever, but we *will* have to buy some time eventually to do 
legitimate work.

I'd like to follow up with the optical microscopy route if for
nothing else than to check samples for gross problems, and possibly
to help us develop sample preparation techniques that would work for
the SEM. At least one fellow I talked to tried to get some SEM done
on his CS. He could only afford to do one test, and the sample was
so badly prepared that all he got was clumps. We need to do better.

> If I can be of any further help I would be glad to participate in
> your research efforts.  I have a Ph.D. in soil microbiology and
> have conducted research on symbiotic bacteria of agricultural
> significance.  Unfortunately, I have no experience with bacteria
> that are pathogenic to humans.

Your background sounds really helpful to me. As long as you won't 
mind rubbing elbows with the unorthodox among us we'll do just great. 
An orthodox opinion is just one of many on this list, so don't be 
surprised by the things people doubt and question. I like to look on 
that as one of our strengths. I do know it's one of the things that 
can't be changed! <BIG GRIN>

But the part that will not go away, no matter how turned around we
sometimes seem, is the people who keep showing up with their stories
of how CS has helped them. It will be worth wandering up all sorts of
blind alleys if we can get to where we know why and how that happens.

When I started looking into CS, the lack of scientific studies and
data was (and still is) appalling. I want to try to change that, and
we'll have to do it without major funding or support until the
results begin to justify it. We're just a bunch of intersted people 
looking for the truth. I'd be glad of your help.

Be well,

Mike D.
[Mike Devour, Citizen, Patriot, Libertarian]
[[email protected]                       ]
[Speaking only for myself...              ]


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