The Symbiotic Poliovirus
Having now established the possibility of an innocent poliovirus, its
presence in polio can be explained as follows, with five more points:
a) Accelerated Genetic Recombination: Genetic recombination is accelerated
whenever a biological system is threatened22. Pesticides can be that
threat. The proliferation of viruses are known to be part of the process of
accelerated genetic recombination.
The SOS Response: When a cell is critically threatened, accelerated
genetic recombination (which may include virus proliferation) is just one
of a set of events that may occur. This set of events is called the “SOS
response,” which is known to be triggered by exposure to toxic chemicals
or radiation.23
Arnold Levine, writing in Field’s Virology, provides an example:
QUOTE
“When lysogenic bacteria were lysed [split open] from without, no virus
was detected. But from time to time a bacterium spontaneously lysed and
produced many viruses. The influence of ultraviolet light in inducing the
release of these viruses was a key observation that began to outline this
curious relation between a virus and its host.”24
Is this mere irony? Common medical procedures such as chemotherapy,
radiation therapy, and the use of toxic pharmaceuticals accelerate genetic
recombination and thus the potential for a necessary virus proliferation.
c) The Ames Assay Test: The SOS response is utilized in the Ames Assay
Test, a standard test whereby chemical toxicity is determined. According to
the procedure, bacteria are exposed to a chemical solution in question, and
if a genetic recombination accelerates via the spontaneous proliferation of
viruses from these bacteria, then the chemical is determined to be a
poison. The phenomenon is analogous to a poker player with a bad hand who
must request an exchange of cards and a reshuffled deck to improve the
possibilities for survival. In the Ames Assay Test, bacteria are concerned
with their genetic “hand” in order to improve their abilities to
metabolize poisons, create utilizations for poisons, and shield against
poisons. Thus they engage in this well-known phenomena of “gene
shuffling,” facilitated by virus proliferation.
Thus, I propose that the poliovirus is a symbiotic (and possibly a dormant)
virus that behaves in a manner suggested by the phenomenon found in the
Ames Assay Test, a test used to determine toxicity.
One could object to this analogy on the grounds that because the Ames Test
utilizes prokaryote cells (bacteria-like cells) rather than eukaryote cells
(nucleus-containing cells that comprise multicellular tissue) and because
it is asserted that poliovirus invokes damage by infecting eukaryote cells,
the explanation is invalid. However, the evolution of eukaryotes includes
structures and functions inherited from symbiotic unions of prokaryotes.
Eukaryotes continue to possess to this day prokaryote functionality such as
found in the genetic independence of the organelles within the eukaryote
cells, such as mitochondria (Lynn Margulis and Dorion Sagan, What Is Life?
(1995), and, Lynn Margulis, Dorion Sagan, Slanted Truths: Essays on Gaia,
Symbiosis, and Evolution (1997)). Thus, generalizations derived from the
Ames Test can contribute well to a valid hypothesis for the presence of
poliovirus in "polio".
d) Dormant Virus: When a cell is critically threatened by toxic chemicals
(or radiation) it can invoke survival mechanisms (the SOS Response) such as
the suspension of metabolism, or the activation of dormant viruses,
triggering their proliferation from the cell — such viruses are said to
be "dormant" or "latent". These words are not my preference because the way
that they are popularly used implies that viruses are only externally
generated and are found in the cell in a condition of temporary rest
(dormancy). In cyclical phenomena, such as the life cycle of the virus, the
"starting point" is a political-philosophical decision. The orthodox virus
image (possibly a projection of the orthodox mind) is of an external,
selfish, non-living parasite that tricks cells into infecting themselves
with the virus and then to replicate said virus with cell machinery.
Dormant viruses are publicized as external life forms that spend most of
their time (as much as several decades) waiting inside cells, awaiting
activation to perform parasitic activities.
Recently it has become known that a tremendous amount of human DNA is
devoted to virus proliferation. The virologist, Eleni
Papadopulos-Eleopulos, stated in Continuum, Autumn 1997:
QUOTE
...it's accepted that endogenous retroviral DNA forms about 1% of human
DNA... that's about 3,000 times larger than what the experts claim is the
size of the HIV genome. And what’s more, new retroviral genomes can arise
by rearrangements and recombination of existing retroviral genomes.
Like the retroviruses, the poliovirus is an RNA virus and has a genome of
similar weight and length. There is suspicion of dormant characteristics
because enteroviruses have been found by several independent investigators,
in post-polio (PMID: 8818905, UI: 96415998 (Lyon, France, Aug., 1996) and
others).
e) Gene Sharing: Viruses represent shared capability, shared data, and data
in transit. They are genetic couriers. Shared data decreases the burden on
each cell to carry all capabilities. Capability, in the form of genetic
information, can be stored in the environment as virus "gene packets", and
different capabilities can be stored in different cells, just as humans
each have, to some degree, uncommon capabilities which are shared with the
community as needed. In the microbiotic world, when a specific capability
is needed, cells share genetic information from the dynamically changing
universal library of free floating genetic material, such as exists in
viruses, free organelles, symbiotic parasites, and free nucleic acid, in
addition to straight sexual intercourse where nucleic acid is transferred
directly form cell to cell. It could be said that cells can carry unused
(dormant) genetic information in the form of nucleic acid and when that
information is required, share it through the proliferation of viruses.
For example, in terms of disease, a symbiotic virus presence could be
explained as a provider of cathartic capabilities or mechanisms,
appropriate for various toxic or stressed environments. These cathartic
mechanisms are manifested as disease symptoms, in the form of masses of
sacrificed leucocytes, obviously found in boils, pimples, and pocks.
Orthodoxy gives the label "transduction" to the processes of virus
infection. Transduction is one of several modes of intercellular transport
of genetic material, which allows for direct, laterally passed genetic
data. Such data is routinely used to alter cell structure and metabolism
modes dynamically, without engaging in the slower, more formal, sexual
reproduction cycles.
The concept of the symbiotic virus is explained in Encyclopedia Britannica,
Macropaedia (1990) p507:
QUOTE
Although viruses were originally discovered and characterized because of
the diseases they cause, most viruses that infect bacteria, plants, and
animals (including humans) do not cause disease. In fact, bacteriophages
[bacteria viruses] may be helpful in that they rapidly transfer genetic
information from one bacterium to another, and viruses of plants and
animals may convey genetic information among similar species, aiding the
survival of their hosts in hostile environments.
Britannica continues with a praise of industrial biotechnology, and
abruptly converts the probable-present into a future-made-possible by
dependent consumers:
QUOTE
This could in the future be true for humans as well. Recombinant DNA
biotechnology may allow genetic defects to be repaired by injecting
afflicted persons with harmless viruses that carry and integrate functional
genes to supplant defective ones.
The implication is that humans are not part of nature, however, in the next
sentence Britannica states that we humans may already utilize symbiotic
viruses:
QUOTE
Such events may actually occur in nature in the transmission of "good"
viruses from one person to another.
The nature-friendly view, that viruses are effective genetic symbionts,
dilutes the market impact of genetic-based treatments alluded to by
Britannica, and threatens biotech profits. Perhaps this explains certain
aspects of the current worldwide "war" against virus-carrying mosquitoes?
--
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