The idea of this is not getting into a cell, but getting a high ion concentration right beside a bacteria.
If a silver ion would not react with the phospholipids (as is implied in this study) one could use a number of other silver compounds other than silver nitrate. David On Sat, Nov 26, 2011 at 9:27 PM, Jonathan B. Britten <[email protected]> wrote: > I am not a chemist or doctor, but it's still interesting to me that of > various silver "salts," silver nitrate has the distinction of being very > dangerous. > > http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@term+@DOCNO+685 > > I learned this by chance when I read a newspaper article about a patient in > Japan who died when a "silver nitrate needle" broke off in the body. > > I didn't understand what that meant; still don't. But it puzzles me that > other experimenters would be dealing with the very dangerous silver nitrate, > when they could be using some other form. > > Perhaps someone knows the reason for this? > > Another point: the Beck Protocol suggests that blood electrification, > causing electroporation, may permit colloidal silver to enter the cell, which > would seem superior to the methods mentioned below. > > > > > On 2011/11/27, at 13:46, David AuBuchon wrote: > >> This first paper to me is exciting because it contains liposomal >> silver nitrate, which is highly soluble. I would have thought that if >> a silver ion was dissolved within a liposome, it would react with the >> phospholipids, but apparently this is not so. The second interesting >> thing from this paper is that they purposely clumped the liposomes >> together, which to me seems like it could create higher peak >> concentrations of the contained antibiotic local to bacteria. This >> could be preferable to ingesting evenly dispersed liposomes. This >> paper also suggests that 93 degrees F (34 C) is enough to release >> material from liposomes. This could explain in part what happens with >> liposomes in the body which is presumably warmer than that. >> >> Embedded Silver Ions-Containing Liposomes in Polyelectrolyte >> Multilayers: Cargos Films for Antibacterial Agents >> >> A new antibacterial coating made of poly(l-lysine)/hyaluronic acid >> (PLL/HA) multilayer films and liposome aggregates loaded with silver >> ions was designed. Liposomes filled with an AgNO3 solution were first >> aggregated by the addition of PLL in solution. The obtained >> micrometer-sized aggregates were then deposited on a PLL/HA multilayer >> film, playing the role of a spacer with the support. Finally, >> HA/PLL/HA capping layers were deposited on top of the architecture to >> form a composite AgNO3 coating. Release of encapsulated AgNO3 from >> this composite coating was followed and triggered upon temperature >> increase over the transition temperature of vesicles, found to be >> equal to 34 °C. After determination of the minimal inhibitory >> concentration (MIC) of AgNO3 in solution, the antibacterial activity >> of the AgNO3 coating was investigated against Escherichia coli. A >> 4-log reduction in the number of viable E. coli cells was observed >> after contact for 120 min with a 120 ng/cm2 AgNO3 coating. In >> comparison, no bactericidal activity was found for PLL/HA films >> previously dipped in an AgNO3 solution and for PLL/HA films with >> liposome aggregates containing no AgNO3 solution. The strong >> bactericidal effect could be linked to the diffusion of silver ions >> out of the AgNO3 coating, leading to an important bactericidal >> concentration close to the membrane of the bacteria. A simple method >> to prepare antibacterial coatings loaded with a high and controlled >> amount of AgNO3 is therefore proposed. This procedure is far superior >> to that soaking AgNO3 or Ag nanoparticles into a coating. In >> principle, other small bactericidal chemicals like antibiotics could >> be encapsulated by this method. This study opens a new route to modify >> surfaces with small solutes that are not permeating phospholipid >> membranes below the phase transition temperature. >> >> http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/la8014755 >> >> >> Though this is also done with poorly soluble silver compounds as in >> this next study. Which leads one to ask is it possible to get >> insoluble material into the watery core of a liposome? >> >> Topical liposomal delivery of antibiotics in soft tissue infection >> >> A new drug delivery system (lipid microcarriers) was studied in an >> experimental model of infected soft tissue wounds. Superficial, >> nonlethal infection was produced in the adult rat by injecting 1 ml >> containing 108 colonyforming units (CFU) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa >> under the superficial fascia of the paraspinus muscle of a 2-cm2 >> excised wound. All wounds were dressed with N-Terface, a nonadherent >> wound material, and covered with Kontor sponge, an open-cell >> polyurethane sponge containing either normal saline (group I), free >> tobramycin (groups III and V), liposome-entrapped tobramycin (groups >> II and IV), silver sulfadiazene (group VI), or liposome-entrapped >> silver sulfadiazene (group VII). At 24, 48, and 72 hr postinjection, >> animals were sacrificed and colonyforming units of P. aeruginosa per >> gram of muscle tissue were determined. Group I had significantly >> higher colony-forming units of P. aeruginosa per gram than groups II >> and III at 48 and 72 hr and than groups IV and V at all times. One >> single dose of liposome-encapsulated silver sulfadiazine significantly >> decreased bacterial counts compared to untreated controls and, to a >> similar extent, compared to multiple applications of free drug. >> Colonyforming units in all treatment groups (II and III, IV and V, VI >> and VII) were similar at all time periods within equivalent dosages. >> The ability of one application of liposomal-entrapped antibiotics to >> result in a therapeutic effect that requires multiple applications of >> topically applied free antibiotics offers potential clinical >> advantages. >> >> http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0022480490902584 >> >> >> David >> >> >> -- >> The Silver List is a moderated forum for discussing Colloidal Silver. >> Rules and Instructions: http://www.silverlist.org >> >> Unsubscribe: >> <mailto:[email protected]?subject=unsubscribe> >> Archives: >> http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/maillist.html >> >> Off-Topic discussions: <mailto:[email protected]> >> List Owner: Mike Devour <mailto:[email protected]> >> >> > >
