Hey Bill, Now there's a trap for young and old ;-)
The silver liberated is independent of the amount of water it is liberated in. Total milligrams of silver (by your figures) per litre of water is .32 which is 0.32ppm. 0.32mg into 0.5L is 0.64ppm. Regards Ivan. ----- Original Message ----- From: "Bill Schramm" <[email protected]> To: <[email protected]> Sent: Thursday, 8 June 2000 03:32 Subject: Re: CS>COULD SOMEONE PLEASE GIVE ME THE FORMULA FOR AMPS PER SQ CM OR You can figure out an outside limit (ideal case assuming 100% efficiency) for silver production from basic chemistry principles. A few terms: MOLE: a very large standard number of atoms or molecules, such that the weight of one mole of a substance is equal to the atomic or molecular weight in grams. The atomic weight of Silver is approximately 107. COULOMB: the standard unit of electrical charge. One mole of electrons has a charge of approximately 96,500 coulombs. AMPERE: the standard unit of electrical current, or rate of moving charge. One coulomb per second is defined as one ampere, or Amp. 1 Amp = 1000 Milliamps. If you are running a constant current process, you can calculate this limit simply: number of grams of silver = multiply current in amps times time of the process in seconds Divide by 96,500 to get moles of electrons. Since silver is singly ionized, then multiply by 107 to get the number of grams of silver. Compute ppm weight by assuming that 1 liter of water = 1000 grams. 1 ppm = 1 milligram per liter. Example: current = 1 milliamp time = 5 minutes amount of water = 1/2 liter by the above math then: total coulombs = 0.3 total moles = .00000310 (3.10 micromoles) total grams of silver = .00032 (0.32 milligrams) total grams of silver per liter .00064 (0.64 milligrams) parts per million by weight 0.64 If you are running a constant Voltage process, it is more complicated. The silver production is a function of current, not voltage. The voltage produces current according to ohms law (voltage divided by the resistance of the circuit). The problem is the resistance of the distilled water is constantly changing, since the CS you produce lowers the resistance. Technically you would have to integrate the current over time, in practice you can estimate in blocks with measured resistance or current. Also remember this is a THEORETICAL UPPER LIMIT for silver production, not a prediction of actual production values. -- The silver-list is a moderated forum for discussion of colloidal silver. To join or quit silver-list or silver-digest send an e-mail message to: [email protected] -or- [email protected] with the word subscribe or unsubscribe in the SUBJECT line. To post, address your message to: [email protected] Silver-list archive: http://escribe.com/health/thesilverlist/index.html List maintainer: Mike Devour <[email protected]>
