In a message dated 12/31/00 11:38:05 AM EST, [email protected] writes: << Subj: RE: CS>Free Book Available Date: 12/31/00 11:38:05 AM EST From: [email protected] (James Osbourne, Holmes) Reply-to: [email protected] To: [email protected] Hi Frank, et al, What is Ron basing his statement on? I think you will find that CSpro believes that the sol made by their HV equipment produces very little "ionic" silver.
JOH: I have a suspicion that the production of Ag+ may be proportional to the production of NO3- which is generated by the arc in (one method of) producing CS by HVAC. Marx believes that the effects of dissolved silver are not known and prefers to avoid creating Ag + in his sols. I know of no one who will disagree with the idea that dissolved silver is much more reactive with other ions than a silver sol, and therefore has greater potential for creating undesired reaction products. Ionic silver has been responsible for most cases of Argyria in the literature. JOH: If Ivan is correct, generating Ag+ would be beneficial because this is the only form of silver which the body can absorb. If Bruce is worried about Ag+ causing argyria, I think his concern may be unnecessary because of the tiny amount of Ag+ available from CS as opposed to the virtually unlimited amount of Ag+ available from silver salts. In addition, I think there is merit in accepting the simple explanation (with regard to argyria, for example) until it can be demonstrated that a more complex explanation is necessary. The definition of "ionic" has never been agreed upon by this list's participants. Webster's unabridged, 2nd Edition says that an ion is a charged atom or group of atoms, and specifically mentions the gain or loss of an electron as creating the charge. It means nothing about how that charge came to be, or other factors relevant to the behavior of the "ion" in any given environment. I have proposed defining "ionic, dissolved silver" to mean a single atom of silver with its outer shell missing one electron, and a silver sol to mean a small cluster of atoms bearing a positive charge. JOH: I'm with you on that issue. How a positive charge is generated on a cluster of Ag is created-- if indeed that is the case--is still a mystery to me. For the past several years most writers have held that electro-generated silver sols have a positive charge and are composed of a small clump of atoms. How that charge originates has never been explained to me in a manner that I can understand. JOH: One of the things to keep in mind is that the silver anode should not be thought of as completely monolithic with regard to the uniformity of the atoms it contains. Beside impurities, there are atomic misalignments, and even the presence of micro-cracks. These lattice irregularities will produce non-uniform force fields which result in potential asymmetries in the local atomic structure. The net effect of which is to cause atomic clusters to break-off preferentially at the expense of those atoms which are held together within a more uniform force-field. In thermodynamic terms, the surface free energy at any given moment (interfacing with the water) is changing. This non-uniformity can account for the fact that the immersed electrode HVAC CS process operating at thousands of volts has enough potential to tear apart atomic clusters which have less asymmetry (and thus produce CS that, in general, has a smaller particle size) than that produced from a simple LVDC process. The above examination is aimed at the solid phase only, other factors can effect particle size in the aqueous phase such as stirring, and controlling current are also important and have been discussed from time to time. Roger -- The silver-list is a moderated forum for discussion of colloidal silver. To join or quit silver-list or silver-digest send an e-mail message to: [email protected] -or- [email protected] with the word subscribe or unsubscribe in the SUBJECT line. To post, address your message to: [email protected] Silver-list archive: http://escribe.com/health/thesilverlist/index.html List maintainer: Mike Devour <[email protected]>
