It doesn't take much.
It seems that only a few parts per billion will sterilize water but the weaker the CS the longer it must sit.
I believe the BYU study shows 6 minutes at 3 PPM?
Off hand, a few inchs of silver, a nine volt battery or old car battery, a few minutes in a gallon of water and let it sit for several hours for the silver to do its thing.
Have it tested at the local water treatment plant to get the right combination?
..or human testing..which will be ongoing anyhow if it's not done.
My merchant marine cousin has a silver ion water treatment unit treating his ships water.
Ode
Tooo much info....
http://www.lenntech.com/water-disinfection/disinfectants-copper-silver-ionization.htm
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http://www.doulton.ca/vol3-5_1may73.html
SILVER CLEARS UP POLLUTED WATER
Russian scientists working on water recycling and purification problems for the Soviet space ship and orbiting station program have decided on silver as the best long-term sanitizing agent. Researching the problems of water storage over periods of several months, as well as purification for immediate use, they determined that ionized silver provides the safest and longest lasting method of transtbrmiug polluted waste into potable water.
A significant fact in support of their decision to use silver tbr purification was their experimental confirmation of the absence of toxicity in the silver treated water. In lengthy experiments on animals they found that 100 parts and 200 parts of silver per billion in drink-ing water does not accmnulate in the organism and does not produce any detrimental effect on the functioning of the organs or systems of the experimental animals.
This was also confirmed by year long experiments on volunteer human subjects. The concentration of silver used in these tests . . . 100 parts and 200 parts per billion . . . is in striking comparison with the 10 to 50 parts per billion of silver found in potable water and in swimming pools treated by silver purification systems in the United States.
The scientists, Drs.. S. V. Chizhov. S. P. Pak, N. N. Sitnikova and Y. U. Koloskova. tried many methods of purifying regenerated water but all except the silver system proved unsatisfactory over the long run. Ultra-violet rays and ultra-high-frequency sound reduced micro-organisms by as much as 97% but water thus treated failed to meet standards of acceptibility if the water were stored for any considerable period of time. Chlorine, which is widely used to kill bacteria, requires dosages in thousands of parts per billion compared to the 100 ppb and 200 ppb used in the Russian tests; the chlorine itself is a pollntant fbr certain water uses and it often is dangerous to store or handle. In sum, the Russians found silver to be the safest sterilizing agent, stable, and long-lasting.
The research also showed that decontaminated water may change in reaction to its container. They concluded that polyethylene containers are suitable for the short-term storage of silver-ionized water. For long-term storage of a few months or more, they decided it is better to use a vessel made of polymers of the fluorine plastic group, or metal containers of vitreous enameled aluninum alloy (for lightness in a space ship).
Included among the many experiments conducted by Dr. Chizhov and his associates were those designed to assay the purification of water condensed from the atmosphere inside a simulated space vehicle. The quantity of microorganisms in the regenerated water before the introduction of the ionized silver varied from 200 to 1,900 microbiological parts per milliliter. Tests of the water made 15 to 20 minutes after contact with the ionized silver showed in most cases that in this 15 to 20 minute period, full sterilization had occurred. In a few cases, complete purity was achieved only after 30 to 40 minutes of exposure. Study of controlled samples of the water after 24 to 72 hours showed the continned and complete absence of microorganisms.
The Russians also suggested that the regeneration of water from the byproducts of human activity seems feasible through the use of silver ions as the decontamination agent. In this application they found it desirable to introduce silver ions into the water with the aid of various filtering materials in order to provide the slow dissolving of the silver. Designing the filter and selecting the form in which silver is introduced will allow engineers to establish any desired concentration of silver ions in a given volume of water, they believe.
Doulton Drinking Water Filter Treatment Systems Product Catalog. Includes water purification and drinking water filter systems which use cleanable Doulton ceramic drinking water filter candles and H2O International Inc. drinking water filter cartridges
---------------------
http://www.freedrinkingwater.com/water-education2/87-water-disinfection2.htm
SILVER
Silver in various forms has been used to inhibit the growth of microorganisms. It is most frequently found combined with activated carbon in filters. When some bacteria species come into contact with this silver, they are rendered inactive. There is disagreement among the experts as to the effectiveness of this process because silver ions in water kill E.coli very well and probably also salmonella, shigella, and vibro bacteria, but it has found lesser effect on viruses, cysts, and other bacteria species. Silver does not produce offensive tastes or odors when used in water treatment. Further, organic matter does not interfere with its effectiveness as is the case with free chlorine. Its high cost, interferences by chlorides and sulfides, need for long periods of exposure, and incomplete bactericidal action have hindered its widespread acceptance.
Our ProCare-LP® silver and silver copper water Ionisation systems have electrodes composed of pure silver or a variation in concentration of copper and silver alloys. The silver electrode concentrations for silver ionisation vary based on the quality of the water, the overall engineering structure and location where our ionisation system will be installed
http://legionella.info.ca/silver.html
Our ProCare-LP® pure silver and silver copper ionisation systems are sold around the world when specifically dealing with water treatment protocols for the prevention and control of microorganisms like: E. Coli, Pseumodas Legionella, Staph (Staphylococcus), Listeria, Salmonella and many other infectious bacteria.
Silver ions (ionic silver) has bactericide properties and are regularly used as a drinking-water disinfectant and impregnated in some filters and materials used at the point of use to prevent microbial growth or outbreak. Silver is used with copper in some of our water treatment systems to control Legionella in domestic hot water systems, potable water and cooling towers.
The silver levels in drinking water treated for disinfection require an average of 0.05ppm.
The only obvious sign of silver overload to humans is Argyria, a condition in which skin and hair are heavily discoloured by silver in the tissues. Argyria estimation in humans for a total lifetime, based on human case reports and long-term animal experiments has been determined at a total accumulation of 10 g of silver . Daily intake is estimated at about 0.07ppm per person/day with a small absorption rate set at between 0% to 10%.
The low levels of silver in drinking water are not relevant to human health with respect to Argyria. Higher levels of silver in potable water, up to 0.1ppm, can easily be tolerated without risk to health. It is estimated that this level of concentration gives a total dose over 70 years of half the human NOAEL of 10 g.
Current European Union potable water standards for human consumption are set at a maximum value of 0.01ppm with an exception clause specific to water ionisation for Legionella control. EPA regulations stipulate that the acceptable maximum level of Ag in potable water is set at 0.1ppm.
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At 12:18 PM 9/1/2004 -0500, you wrote:
>I saw a report on TV about the bad water situation in Iraq with respect
>to the drinking water being contaminated with bacteria and hepatitis
>etc.
>
>I was thinking that it might be possible to make CS to sterilize the
>water, in a pinch, using silver and batteries which would be available
>there, and the regular tap water since distilled water would not be
>available. This should be a fairly fast process since there would be no
>current regulation and the water would start out with high conductivity
>due to the impurities in it.
>
>Anyone have any idea what this would take in emergency conditions like
>this?
>
>(How long would it take? What would you look for to determine that the
>CS was strong enough, etc?)
>
>Dan
>
>
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- CS>Iraq CS Challenge Dan Nave
- Re: CS>Iraq CS Challenge Ode Coyote
- CS>Iraq CS Challenge Matthew McCann
