The Mick and Brick book is THE BEST and 100% applicable to the 2901-based  
11/730 and KS discussions here. 
http://bitsavers.org/components/amd/Am2900/Mick_Bit-Slice_Microprocessor_Design_1980.pdf

> On Mar 23, 2020, at 5:49 PM, Ray Jewhurst <raywjewhu...@gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> Slightly off topic, could someone explain more about what microcode is and 
> how it works? The fact that the CPU instructions are they themselves 
> programmed in seems unfathomable. 
> 
> Ray 
> 
>> On Mon, Mar 23, 2020, 5:33 PM Clem Cole <cl...@ccc.com> wrote:
>> 
>> 
>>> On Mon, Mar 23, 2020 at 3:57 PM Johnny Billquist <b...@softjar.se> wrote:
>>> The VAX-11/750 used 2901 though...
>> 750 was made out of custom CMOS gate arrays.  The main adder was analyzed as 
>> part of my thesis [long story - not for here, but a very clever circuit.  I 
>> would later get to know the guy that did it].     Paul Gilbeau and Dick 
>> Monroe were the main microcoders on the 750.  I'm pretty sure that Paul was 
>> also one of the 780 microcode folks.   Very interesting guy. I used to say 
>> he had a worm's eye view of the world -- perfect for his job as lead 
>> microcoder; but trying to get up a level could be difficult.  I've lost 
>> track of them both, although I still talk to Dave Cane a couple of times a 
>> year and I think he knows how to find most of the HW team. 
>> 
>> I'm fairly sure that the 750 used te BLISS based Micro2 tools as Tim 
>> suggested and as I said, we cloned them at Masscomp in C (which later it 
>> went west). Tim, you tell me, I thought the Masscomp version got sent to the 
>> Jupiter team, but I'm pretty sure it was used for Prism.  I remember us 
>> getting a 'bug report' because VAX-11/C didn't like something BSD's yacc had 
>> generated at one of the Hatfield/McCoy parties. I remember changing what it 
>> was and email it the next day. 
>> 
>> FWIW:   All of the Masscomp FP/AP and the DACP used that set of microcode 
>> tools since they were all AMD 29xx based.   IIRC, Chuck Palmer overhauled 
>> the original hack we did for Paul and Dick because a few Masscomp customers 
>> wanted to write custom DACP microcode and originally it was not too easy.   
>> I probably have a manual for that still around and maybe even the tools. 
>> But, since I don't have a DACP on the MC500 I still have,  I never bother 
>> scooping up the tools.
>> 
>> Also, I know that there was an Intel 808x processor (85 I think) that 
>> shipped in the 750, but it was not an FEP.  It was limited to running the 
>> cartridge tape controller.  I don't remember how the console serial port was 
>> done (the 780 it was part of the FEP).  The 750 microcode did the boot as 
>> someone else pointed out.  I've forgotten how the microcode was loaded on a 
>> cold start.   I thought there was something in a ROM/EPROM, but I've 
>> forgotten.  I do know the cartridge tape unit was needed to update the 
>> microcode and that was the only way to do it.  But I don't remember you need 
>> to have the tape on a cold reboot the like floppies on a 780, but I could 
>> have forgotten.
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