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The National Academy’s EMD Protocol New Release: MPDS Version 11.3 Version
11.3 Improvements and New Features
The International Academies of Emergency Dispatch (NAED), which is the leading,
standards-setting organization for emergency dispatch practice, is proud to
announce the release of Version 11.3 of the Medical Priority Dispatch System®.
This latest release, produced by Priority Dispatch Corporation, integrates the
recommendations published by the American Heart Association (AHA) in the 2005
AHA Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and Emergency
Cardiovascular Care. The AHA guidelines are based on the evidence evaluation
from the 2005 International Consensus Conference on CPR and Emergency
Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations, in collaboration
with the International Liaison Committee On Resuscitation (ILCOR).
Through a combination of science review and expert consensus, the NAED has
developed and approved a dispatch-specific protocol that reflects the new AHA
guidelines. Notable enhancements include changes to the compressions to
ventilations ratio of CPR, modifications to breathing evaluation scripts, and
alterations to instructions regarding compressions and ventilations. Among
other advantages, these new protocols allow for enhanced evaluation of agonal
versus effective breathing in the unconscious patient, which facilitate rapid,
effective treatment of patients experiencing cardiac arrest, and simplify the
CPR entire process for untrained callers, which was a primary goal of the new
AHA guidelines.
Additionally, the Automatic External Defibrillator (AED) Support Protocol was
augmented to reflect a consensus recommendation of a single, initial shock,
followed by a therapeutic two minutes of CPR prior to the next series of
shocks. This is because evidence now strongly suggests that after four to seven
minutes of cardiac arrest, compressions may chemically enhance the therapeutic
value of defibrillation. Because AED use is now recommended for children as
well as adults, the new protocol instructs callers to retrieve and use, if
needed, an AED for patients greater than one year of age. Instructions to
retrieve an AED were further refined by calculating the Cardiac Arrest Quotient
(CAQ) of individual Determinant Descriptor codes of the MPDS. Research has
shown that cardiac arrest is more likely among specific codes. Therefore,
instructions to retrieve an AED can be logically based on such CAQ
probabilities, and inappropriate AED retrieval can be reduced.
In version 11.2 of the MPDS, released in January of 2005, a standard-setting
sequence of “Compressions First” CPR was implemented for victims of cardiac
arrest not likely to be of respiratory origin. Because there was little in the
way of dispatch-specific recommendations from the AHA at that time, the Academy
assembled a group of resuscitation and dispatch experts to interpret the
rapidly evolving science and create a dispatch-specific standard of care. The
result was a dual pathway of CPR instruction, specific to cardiac arrest
etiology, that put into practice a relatively new resuscitation concept and
revolutionized how CPR would be delivered in the dispatch environment.* The
implementation of version 11.2 put into practice the now evident, critical
importance of early, uninterrupted chest compressions for victims of cardiac
arrest. Version 11.3 has built upon these advancements by incorporating the
latest recommendations contained in the current Guidelines 2005 document.
In addition to the enhancements to the resuscitation protocols, the Academy has
incorporated new AHA first-aid guidelines for elapid snakebite, avulsed teeth,
prescribed inhaler use for asthma patients, and spinal stabilization for
victims of trauma into existing protocol. Other improvements include enhancing
the Stroke Protocol to enable better chief complaint selection, the addition of
an OMEGA (referral) Determinant Descriptor for carbon monoxide detector alarms
(without priority symptoms) to Protocol 8, a Key Question order change on the
Falls Protocol to prevent inappropriate shunting, and the ability of the
Stab/Gunshot/Penetrating Trauma Protocol to handle OBVIOUS DEATH cases.
*For more on the origins of the “Compressions First” model of CPR, see the
paper entitled: Modified Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Instruction
Protocols for Emergency Medical Dispatchers: Rationale and Recommendations,
which is available on the Academy’s web site under the resources/Research
Articles link. www.emergencydispatch.org
http://www.prioritydispatch.net/index.php?a=pr&g=prmedicalv11_3
http://www.prioritydispatch.net/support/pdf/11.3_Release_Notes.pdf (plus
complet + les changements)
Compressions First:
http://www.emergencydispatch.org/downloads/roppolo_pepe_ac_hed_article.pdf
http://www.emergencydispatch.org/articles/pr_AHA_french.htm
Aspirin:
http://www.prioritydispatch.net/support/pdf/Aspirin_Diagnostic_Study_Guide.pdf
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