I rather doubt CA adhesives were copied from barnicles.  CA is rather different 
chemistry from any biomolecules.  Also, CA reacts rapidly when there is any 
water around.  Since most living things are full of water, they would have a 
hard time synthesizing CA without it immediately reacting.

A lot of commercial chemical products were invented by chemists who were just 
trying to make new molecules.  Sometimes they have a target behaviour in mind, 
sometimes they just get lucky when one of the new molecules does something 
useful and they happen to notice.

Once chemists discovered polymerization, a rather large number, both in 
industrial labs and acedemic, set out to make molecules that would polymerize.  
Rather a large number were discovered.  There turn out to be quite a few 
different types of chemical reactions that will cause polymerization and a wide 
variety of different types of molecular structures that can be built.

I strongly suspect CAs were discovered by a chemist who set out purposely to 
make a new class of molecules and investigate their properties.  He or she 
would actually have sat down at a table and drawn out the chemicals he hoped to 
make, and the reactions he hoped to use to make them.  I suspect the chemist 
who invented CAs probably already had some idea that they would have certain 
types of chemical reactivity and may have made them with a possible application 
in mind.  He or she may not have known the details in advance, but had a 
general idea based on what was already know about the chemistry of similar 
molecules.  Of course sometimes a chemist puts together a molecule so different 
from known ones that its behaviour is hard to predict.  That can get them some 
nice pats on the back from colleagues, and maybe tenure or a promotion.  There 
are a lot of organic chemists in the world and they put an astonishingly large 
amount of brain power and work into figuring out how molecules behave and how 
to make new ones.

Mark Holm
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