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http://wiki.apache.org/solr/FAQ

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  == How can I rebuild my index from scratch if I change my schema? ==
  
+ The most efficient/complete way is to...
+ 
   1. Stop your application server
+  1. Change your schema.xml file
   1. Delete the `index` directory in your data directory
   1. Start your application server (Solr will detect that there is no existing 
index and make a new one)
   1. Re-Index your data
+ 
+ If the permission scheme of your server does not allow you to manually delete 
the `index` directory an alternate technique is...
+ 
+  1. Stop your application server
+  1. Change your schema.xml file
+  1. Start your application server
+  1. Use the "match all docs" query in a delete by query command: 
{{{<delete><query>*:*</query></delete>}}}
+  1. Send an {{{<optimize/>}}} command.
+  1. Re-Index your data
+ 
+ It's very important to send the "optimize" command before re-indexing.  Even 
though you've deleted all the documents, some low level Lucene metadata about 
the fields those documents had will still be there, and will influence how 
future documents with the same field names are indexed
+ 
  
  == How can I update a specific field of an existing document? ==
  

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