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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SOLR-236?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=12679615#action_12679615
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Iván de Prado commented on SOLR-236:
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Is not random. I don't remember pretty well, but I think that documents are 
sorted by the collapsing field. After that, they are being grouped sequentially 
until reaching maxdocs. The groups that results from there are the documents 
that are presented. So the number of groups resulted are always smaller than 
the number of maxdocs. 

Summary: only maxdocs are scanned to generate the resulting groups.



> Field collapsing
> ----------------
>
>                 Key: SOLR-236
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SOLR-236
>             Project: Solr
>          Issue Type: New Feature
>          Components: search
>    Affects Versions: 1.3
>            Reporter: Emmanuel Keller
>             Fix For: 1.5
>
>         Attachments: collapsing-patch-to-1.3.0-dieter.patch, 
> collapsing-patch-to-1.3.0-ivan.patch, collapsing-patch-to-1.3.0-ivan_2.patch, 
> collapsing-patch-to-1.3.0-ivan_3.patch, 
> field-collapsing-extended-592129.patch, field_collapsing_1.1.0.patch, 
> field_collapsing_1.3.patch, field_collapsing_dsteigerwald.diff, 
> field_collapsing_dsteigerwald.diff, field_collapsing_dsteigerwald.diff, 
> SOLR-236-FieldCollapsing.patch, SOLR-236-FieldCollapsing.patch, 
> SOLR-236-FieldCollapsing.patch, solr-236.patch
>
>
> This patch include a new feature called "Field collapsing".
> "Used in order to collapse a group of results with similar value for a given 
> field to a single entry in the result set. Site collapsing is a special case 
> of this, where all results for a given web site is collapsed into one or two 
> entries in the result set, typically with an associated "more documents from 
> this site" link. See also Duplicate detection."
> http://www.fastsearch.com/glossary.aspx?m=48&amid=299
> The implementation add 3 new query parameters (SolrParams):
> "collapse.field" to choose the field used to group results
> "collapse.type" normal (default value) or adjacent
> "collapse.max" to select how many continuous results are allowed before 
> collapsing
> TODO (in progress):
> - More documentation (on source code)
> - Test cases
> Two patches:
> - "field_collapsing.patch" for current development version
> - "field_collapsing_1.1.0.patch" for Solr-1.1.0
> P.S.: Feedback and misspelling correction are welcome ;-)

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