The Small Arms Survey’s Sudan/South Sudan Human Security Baseline
Assessment (HSBA) is pleased to announce the release of a new Issue Brief:

*‘Fighting for spoils: Armed insurgencies in Greater Upper Nile.’*

Available at: www.smallarmssurveysudan.org/publications.html (Remember to
refresh your web browser.)

The report analyses the roots of the armed insurgencies led by George
Athor, Peter Gadet, and other Southern commanders in the wake of elections
held in April 2010—all of whom have claimed to seek systemic changes to the
Juba-based government or to overthrow it. It assesses the current approach
of the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA) and the government of the
Republic of South Sudan to containing them, concluding that it is both ad
hoc and unsustainable. Furthermore, the approach fails to address the
grievances of the communities who joined the insurgent leaders in taking up
arms against the government and the army.

Key findings include:

   - As of late October 2011 the major insurgents in Greater Upper Nile
   have not made significant headway in achieving their purported political
   objectives. Commanders formerly loyal to Peter Gadet, as well as two
   Shilluk commanders, continue to pose active military threats.


   - With the arguable exception of the Shilluk groups, the main
   insurgencies are not authentic expressions of discontent in marginalized
   communities. Instead, the commanders have manipulated legitimate local
   grievances, mobilizing supporters—particularly idle young men—to fight on
   their behalf for their own objectives.


   - Despite claims by rebel leaders, the insurgencies have remained almost
   completely operationally independent of one another, and the
   self-interested motivations of the commanders make a future unified
   rebellion unlikely.


   - There is strong circumstantial evidence that the forces of Peter Gadet
   and George Athor have received logistical and materiel support, including
   small arms and ammunition, from Khartoum and other external sources.


   - The SPLA’s at times indiscriminate attempts to crush the insurgencies
   have increased the deep-seated anger among many of the disenfranchised
   minority communities most affected by the violence.


   - The repeated outbreaks of violence during the integration of former
   militias into the SPLA reveal a sharp disconnect between the government’s
   accommodation policy and the deep animosity of some key players in the army
   towards the armed groups.


   - The current approach of integrating insurgent commanders—with inflated
   ranks—and their men is not sustainable and may act as an incentive for
   potential future rebels.

‘Fighting for spoils’ is the 18th Issue Brief from the Small Arms Survey’s
HSBA project. It can be downloaded in English from
www.smallarmssurveysudan.org/publications.html  An Arabic version will be
published soon.

For more information, or to arrange an interview, please contact HSBA
Project Manager, Claire Mc Evoy:

Tel: + 254 738 220008
Email: [email protected]





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