After Borama: consensus, representation and parliament in Somaliland –
new report from Africa Research Institute



May 2, 2013

“Elections matter in Somaliland. They are not mere formalities,
conferring a thin veneer of legitimacy on a permanent incumbent; nor
are they conducted solely as a sop to foreign donors insisting on
greater democracy; nor is the prime motivation to further the pursuit
of international recognition of Somaliland as a sovereign state. For
most Somalilanders, elections are above all an essential component of
internal peace and security…” Edward Paice and Hannah Gibson, Africa
Research Institute (May 2013).

Twenty years since the historic Borama conference in Somaliland,
Africa Research Institute has produced a remarkable report on the
development of democratic politics in the country. It features
interviews with a range of key Somalilanders who played a part in the
historic moments of Somaliland’s politics over the last 20 years and
continue to do so today.

The report does not explicitly attempt to explain why Somaliland has
achieved its political success of the last 2 decades, but rather to
illustrate the thinking, from Somalilanders, that has underpinned this
success.

Whilst it is important to acknowledge the role ‘traditional’ political
structures have played in the country’s transition, it must be
understood that these structures – notably the Guurti (a meeting of
traditional elders) – had to be actively engaged within this modern
political process. Somalilanders (or their representatives) sat down
together, for months at a time, and came up with a workable political
solution that incorporated established political structures into a new
democratic system.

As Michael Walls writes in his postscript: “If Somaliland’s success
shows us anything, it is the importance of external links – but also
the importance of real local “ownership” of political and
developmental processes.”

Looking forward, Abdirhamn Yusuf Duale, Somaliland’s Minister of
Information, asserts that whilst local councils of elders played a
crucial part in post-war peacekeeping and administration, “what we
have now is an old group of inexperienced people with a central role
in legislation. We need people who can talk about foreign policy and
economics and legislation.”








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