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From: Small Arms Survey <[email protected]>
Date: Thu, Jul 30, 2015 at 5:42 PM
Subject: There and Back: Trajectories of North African Foreign Fighters in
Syria
To: Jean-Francois <[email protected]>
New SANA Issue Brief* — There and Back: Trajectories of North
African Foreign Fighters in Syria*
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*There and Back* *Trajectories of North African Foreign
Fighters in Syria*
The conflict in Syria has become a rallying point for jihadists from around
the world. More than 20,000 foreign fighters are fighting or have fought in
Syria, and most are part of jihadist groups, including Jubhat al Nusra
(JAN) and Islamic State (IS). North Africa has provided a large portion of
these foreign fighters, from countries as diverse as Morocco and Libya. Who
are these North African fighters, and why are they going to Syria? What do
they hope to accomplish there, and do they want to return to their home
countries?
*There and Back: Trajectories of North African Foreign Fighters in Syria*,
a new Issue Brief from the Small Arms Survey’s Security Assessment in North
Africa (SANA) project, provides some answers to these questions.
The Issue Brief examines the motivations of North African fighters,
including how they were recruited and how they made their way from their
home countries to the Syrian battlefields. Using available literature and
media reports, supplemented with interviews with experts, activists and
Syrians who have lived under the yoke of IS, the Issue Brief also explores
what North African fighters in Syria hope to gain by going there, and what
they plan to do when they return home.
The Issue Brief’s primary findings include:
- Recruitment of foreign fighters from North Africa is still largely
done face to face. News broadcasts and online media (including social
media) may influence recruits but most North African fighters are recruited
directly, by people they (already) know.
- The most effective recruiting networks are the most established
groups. Ansar al-Sharia, the Libyan militant group, was established during
the Libyan revolution. It has played a key role in recruiting and training
both Libyan and Tunisian fighters, even more so than it’s Tunisian
offshoot (Ansar al-Sharia-Tunisia).
- North African fighters are more likely to travel to Syria from
countries that have stable, even authoritarian governments. Such
governments provide fewer opportunities for local engagement, forcing
prospective volunteers to look to Syria to engage meaningfully with their
jihadist beliefs.
- Most North African fighters go to Syria with the intention of staying
there. Whether it is with the aim of building the ‘new caliphate’ declared
by the Islamic State, to escape difficult economic or social situations, at
home or for other reasons, most fighters intend to either stay in Syria
after the conflict ends or be martyred there.
- In Syria, reputation and experience count. Moroccans and Libyans have
a reputation as effective fighters with tactical ability and experience.
They often serve in senior positions within IS. Tunisians, in contrast,
have less experience as fighters and are generally forced to prove
themselves to their fellow jihadis, serving in more junior roles.
- When fighters return to their home countries, it is more likely to be
because of disillusionment with the reality on the ground (Moroccans and
Tunisians) in Syria or the deterioration of the situation in their home
country (mostly Libyans) than it is to take up arms against their own
governments.
*Download* the Issue Brief There and Back: Trajectories of North African
Foreign Fighters in Syria
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------------------------------
- *More* on the Security Assessment in North Africa
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(SANA) project
- *More* on armed groups
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- *See also* Foreign Jihadism in Syria: The Islamic State of Iraq and
al-Sham
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- *See also* Armed Groups and Guided Light Weapons: 2014 Update with
MENA Focus
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