This change introduces new filtering architecture primitives: filter,
filter_action and bool_expression. Filtering is now done after decoding of
syscall and tcp->qual_flg stores filtering results.

* basic_actions.c: New file.
* basic_filters.c (number_isset): Return bool.
(add_number_to_set): Make static.
(qualify_syscall_number): Rename to parse_syscall_number.
(qualify_syscall_regex): Rename to parse_syscall_regex.
(qualify_syscall_class): Rename to parse_syscall_class.
(qualify_syscall_name): Rename to parse_syscall_name.
(qualify_syscall): Rename to parse_syscall, use renamed functions.
(qualify_syscall_tokens): Rename to parse_syscall_set, make static,
remove "name" argument (assume "system call"), remove 'handle_inversion'
label, remove additional clearing of the sets.
(qualify_tokens): Rename to parse_set, remove 'handle_inversion' label,
remove additional clearing of the set.
(parse_syscall_filter, parse_fd_filter, run_syscall_filter,
run_fd_filter, free_syscall_filter, free_fd_filter): New functions.
* defs.h (struct inject_opts): Add init flag.
(QUAL_READ, QUAL_WRITE): Change description.
(dump_read, dump_write): Add macros for checking QUAL_READ/QUAL_WRITE.
(read_set, write_set): Remove global set variables.
(qualify, qual_flags): Remove old declarations ...
(filter_syscall, parse_qualify_filter, filtering_parsing_finish):
 ... and add new declarations.
* filter.c: New file.
* filter.h: Change declarations.
* filter_action.c: New file.
* filter_expression.c: Likewise.
* filter_qualify.c (read_set, write_set, abbrev_set, inject_set, raw_set,
trace_set, verbose_set): Remove set variables.
(parse_inject_expression): Remove function.
(parse_inject_common_args): New function.
(qualify_read): Rename to parse_read.
(qualify_write): Rename to parse_write.
(qualify_signals): Use parse_set function. Add clearing of the set.
(qualify_trace): Rename to parse_trace.
(qualify_abbrev): Rename to parse_abbrev.
(qualify_verbose): Rename to parse_verbose.
(qualify_raw): Rename to parse_raw.
(qualify_inject_common): Rename to parse_inject_common_qualify, use
new filters.
(qualify_fault): Rename to parse_fault.
(qualify_inject): Rename to parse_inject.
(qualify): Rename to parse_qualify_filter.
(qual_flags): Remove function.
* Makefile.am (strace_SOURCES): Add new files.
* strace.c (init): Use new filtering for -e option.
(trace_syscall): Add filtering after syscall decoding.
* syscall.c (decode_socket_subcall): Remove qual_flags from decoder.
(decode_ipc_subcall): Likewise.
(decode_mips_subcall): Likewise.
(get_scno): Likewise.
(inject_vec, tamper_with_syscall_entering): Remove inject_vec support code.
(dumpio): Check new macros instead of global sets.
* tests/filtering_syscall-syntax.test: Add syscall set syntax testing
of inject and fault.
* tests/qual_fault-syntax.test: Move syscall set syntax testing to
filtering_syscall-syntax.test.
* tests/qual_inject-syntax.test: Likewise.
---
 Makefile.am                         |   4 +
 basic_actions.c                     | 147 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 basic_filters.c                     | 125 +++++++++++++------
 defs.h                              |  14 ++-
 filter.c                            | 146 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 filter.h                            |  37 +++++-
 filter_action.c                     | 230 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 filter_expression.c                 | 235 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 filter_qualify.c                    | 239 ++++++++++++++++--------------------
 strace.c                            |  18 +--
 syscall.c                           |  24 +---
 tests/filtering_syscall-syntax.test |  24 +++-
 tests/qual_fault-syntax.test        |  26 ++--
 tests/qual_inject-syntax.test       |  27 ++--
 14 files changed, 1052 insertions(+), 244 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 basic_actions.c
 create mode 100644 filter.c
 create mode 100644 filter_action.c
 create mode 100644 filter_expression.c

diff --git a/Makefile.am b/Makefile.am
index 5ec0fa35..84df39a8 100644
--- a/Makefile.am
+++ b/Makefile.am
@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ strace_SOURCES =      \
        affinity.c      \
        aio.c           \
        alpha.c         \
+       basic_actions.c \
        basic_filters.c \
        bind.c          \
        bjm.c           \
@@ -133,7 +134,10 @@ strace_SOURCES =   \
        fetch_struct_statfs.c \
        file_handle.c   \
        file_ioctl.c    \
+       filter_action.c \
+       filter_expression.c \
        filter_qualify.c \
+       filter.c        \
        filter.h        \
        flock.c         \
        flock.h         \
diff --git a/basic_actions.c b/basic_actions.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5a1ebf8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/basic_actions.c
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017 Nikolay Marchuk <marchuk.nikola...@gmail.com>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
+ *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+ * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+ * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+ * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+ * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include "defs.h"
+#include "filter.h"
+
+bool
+is_traced(struct tcb *tcp)
+{
+       return (tcp->qual_flg & QUAL_TRACE);
+}
+
+bool
+not_injected(struct tcb *tcp)
+{
+       return !(tcp->qual_flg & QUAL_INJECT);
+}
+
+void *
+parse_null(const char *str)
+{
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+void
+free_null(void *_priv_data)
+{
+       return;
+}
+
+void
+apply_trace(struct tcb *tcp, void *_priv_data)
+{
+       if (!tracing_paths || pathtrace_match(tcp))
+               tcp->qual_flg |= QUAL_TRACE;
+}
+
+void
+apply_inject(struct tcb *tcp, void *_priv_data)
+{
+       struct inject_opts *opts = _priv_data;
+
+       tcp->qual_flg |= QUAL_INJECT;
+       if (!tcp->inject_vec[current_personality])
+               tcp->inject_vec[current_personality] =
+                       xcalloc(nsyscalls, sizeof(struct inject_opts));
+       if (scno_in_range(tcp->scno)
+           && !tcp->inject_vec[current_personality][tcp->scno].init)
+               tcp->inject_vec[current_personality][tcp->scno] = *opts;
+}
+
+static void *
+parse_inject_common(const char *str, bool fault_tokens_only,
+                   const char *description)
+{
+       struct inject_opts *opts = xmalloc(sizeof(struct inject_opts));
+       char *buf = str ? xstrdup(str) : NULL;
+
+       parse_inject_common_args(buf, opts, ";", fault_tokens_only);
+       if (!opts->init)
+               error_msg_and_die("invalid %s '%s'", description, str);
+       free(buf);
+       return opts;
+}
+
+void *
+parse_inject(const char *str)
+{
+       return parse_inject_common(str, false, "inject argument");
+}
+
+void free_inject(void *_priv_data)
+{
+       free(_priv_data);
+}
+
+void
+apply_fault(struct tcb *tcp, void *_priv_data)
+{
+       apply_inject(tcp, _priv_data);
+}
+
+void *
+parse_fault(const char *str)
+{
+       return parse_inject_common(str, true, "fault argument");
+}
+
+void
+free_fault(void *_priv_data)
+{
+       free_inject(_priv_data);
+}
+
+void
+apply_read(struct tcb *tcp, void *_priv_data)
+{
+       tcp->qual_flg |= QUAL_READ;
+}
+
+void
+apply_write(struct tcb *tcp, void *_priv_data)
+{
+       tcp->qual_flg |= QUAL_WRITE;
+}
+
+void
+apply_raw(struct tcb *tcp, void *_priv_data)
+{
+       tcp->qual_flg |= QUAL_RAW;
+}
+
+void
+apply_abbrev(struct tcb *tcp, void *_priv_data)
+{
+       tcp->qual_flg |= QUAL_ABBREV;
+}
+
+void
+apply_verbose(struct tcb *tcp, void *_priv_data)
+{
+       tcp->qual_flg |= QUAL_VERBOSE;
+}
diff --git a/basic_filters.c b/basic_filters.c
index 1dbdeac8..6e2ec39a 100644
--- a/basic_filters.c
+++ b/basic_filters.c
@@ -48,7 +48,8 @@ number_setbit(const unsigned int i, number_slot_t *const vec)
 static bool
 number_isset(const unsigned int i, const number_slot_t *const vec)
 {
-       return vec[i / BITS_PER_SLOT] & ((number_slot_t) 1 << (i % 
BITS_PER_SLOT));
+       return (vec[i / BITS_PER_SLOT]
+              & ((number_slot_t) 1 << (i % BITS_PER_SLOT))) ? true : false;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ reallocate_number_set(struct number_set *const set, const 
unsigned int new_nslot
        set->nslots = new_nslots;
 }
 
-void
+static void
 add_number_to_set(const unsigned int number, struct number_set *const set)
 {
        reallocate_number_set(set, number / BITS_PER_SLOT + 1);
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ is_number_in_set(const unsigned int number, const struct 
number_set *const set)
 }
 
 static bool
-qualify_syscall_number(const char *s, struct number_set *set)
+parse_syscall_number(const char *s, struct number_set *set)
 {
        int n = string_to_uint(s);
        if (n < 0)
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ regerror_msg_and_die(int errcode, const regex_t *preg,
 }
 
 static bool
-qualify_syscall_regex(const char *s, struct number_set *set)
+parse_syscall_regex(const char *s, struct number_set *set)
 {
        regex_t preg;
        int rc;
@@ -180,7 +181,7 @@ lookup_class(const char *s)
 }
 
 static bool
-qualify_syscall_class(const char *s, struct number_set *set)
+parse_syscall_class(const char *s, struct number_set *set)
 {
        const unsigned int n = lookup_class(s);
        if (!n)
@@ -203,7 +204,7 @@ qualify_syscall_class(const char *s, struct number_set *set)
 }
 
 static bool
-qualify_syscall_name(const char *s, struct number_set *set)
+parse_syscall_name(const char *s, struct number_set *set)
 {
        unsigned int p;
        bool found = false;
@@ -225,7 +226,7 @@ qualify_syscall_name(const char *s, struct number_set *set)
 }
 
 static bool
-qualify_syscall(const char *token, struct number_set *set)
+parse_syscall(const char *token, struct number_set *set)
 {
        bool ignore_fail = false;
 
@@ -234,11 +235,11 @@ qualify_syscall(const char *token, struct number_set *set)
                ignore_fail = true;
        }
        if (*token >= '0' && *token <= '9')
-               return qualify_syscall_number(token, set) || ignore_fail;
+               return parse_syscall_number(token, set) || ignore_fail;
        if (*token == '/')
-               return qualify_syscall_regex(token + 1, set) || ignore_fail;
-       return qualify_syscall_class(token, set)
-              || qualify_syscall_name(token, set)
+               return parse_syscall_regex(token + 1, set) || ignore_fail;
+       return parse_syscall_class(token, set)
+              || parse_syscall_name(token, set)
               || ignore_fail;
 }
 
@@ -247,24 +248,15 @@ qualify_syscall(const char *token, struct number_set *set)
  * according to STR specification.
  */
 void
-qualify_syscall_tokens(const char *const str, struct number_set *const set,
-                      const char *const name)
+parse_syscall_set(const char *const str, struct number_set *const set)
 {
-       /* Clear all sets. */
        unsigned int p;
-       for (p = 0; p < SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES; ++p) {
-               if (set[p].nslots)
-                       memset(set[p].vec, 0,
-                              sizeof(*set[p].vec) * set[p].nslots);
-               set[p].not = false;
-       }
+       const char *s = str;
 
        /*
         * Each leading ! character means inversion
         * of the remaining specification.
         */
-       const char *s = str;
-handle_inversion:
        while (*s == '!') {
                for (p = 0; p < SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES; ++p) {
                        set[p].not = !set[p].not;
@@ -280,16 +272,18 @@ handle_inversion:
                 */
                return;
        } else if (strcmp(s, "all") == 0) {
-               s = "!none";
-               goto handle_inversion;
+               for (p = 0; p < SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES; ++p) {
+                       set[p].not = !set[p].not;
+               }
+               return;
        }
 
        /*
         * Split the string into comma separated tokens.
-        * For each token, call qualify_syscall that will take care
+        * For each token, call parse_syscall that will take care
         * if adding appropriate syscall numbers to sets.
         * The absence of tokens or a negative return code
-        * from qualify_syscall is a fatal error.
+        * from parse_syscall is a fatal error.
         */
        char *copy = xstrdup(s);
        char *saveptr = NULL;
@@ -298,37 +292,62 @@ handle_inversion:
 
        for (token = strtok_r(copy, ",", &saveptr); token;
             token = strtok_r(NULL, ",", &saveptr)) {
-               done = qualify_syscall(token, set);
+               done = parse_syscall(token, set);
                if (!done) {
-                       error_msg_and_die("invalid %s '%s'", name, token);
+                       error_msg_and_die("invalid system call '%s'", token);
                }
        }
 
        free(copy);
 
        if (!done) {
-               error_msg_and_die("invalid %s '%s'", name, str);
+               error_msg_and_die("invalid system call '%s'", str);
+       }
+}
+
+void *
+parse_syscall_filter(const char *str)
+{
+       struct number_set *set = xcalloc(SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES,
+                                        sizeof(struct number_set));
+
+       parse_syscall_set(str, set);
+       return set;
+}
+
+bool
+run_syscall_filter(struct tcb *tcp, void *_priv_data)
+{
+       struct number_set *set = _priv_data;
+
+       return is_number_in_set(tcp->scno, &set[current_personality]);
+}
+
+void
+free_syscall_filter(void *_priv_data)
+{
+       struct number_set *set = _priv_data;
+       unsigned int p;
+
+       for (p = 0; p < SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES; ++p) {
+               free(set[p].vec);
        }
+       free(set);
 }
 
 /*
  * Add numbers to SET according to STR specification.
  */
 void
-qualify_tokens(const char *const str, struct number_set *const set,
+parse_set(const char *const str, struct number_set *const set,
               string_to_uint_func func, const char *const name)
 {
-       /* Clear the set. */
-       if (set->nslots)
-               memset(set->vec, 0, sizeof(*set->vec) * set->nslots);
-       set->not = false;
+       const char *s = str;
 
        /*
         * Each leading ! character means inversion
         * of the remaining specification.
         */
-       const char *s = str;
-handle_inversion:
        while (*s == '!') {
                set->not = !set->not;
                ++s;
@@ -341,8 +360,8 @@ handle_inversion:
                 */
                return;
        } else if (strcmp(s, "all") == 0) {
-               s = "!none";
-               goto handle_inversion;
+               set->not = !set->not;
+               return;
        }
 
        /*
@@ -373,3 +392,33 @@ handle_inversion:
                error_msg_and_die("invalid %s '%s'", name, str);
        }
 }
+
+void *
+parse_fd_filter(const char *str)
+{
+       struct number_set *set = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct number_set));
+
+       parse_set(str, set, string_to_uint, "descriptor");
+       return set;
+}
+
+bool
+run_fd_filter(struct tcb *tcp, void *_priv_data)
+{
+       int fd = tcp->u_arg[0];
+       struct number_set *set = _priv_data;
+
+       if (fd < 0)
+               return false;
+       return is_number_in_set(fd, set);
+}
+
+void
+free_fd_filter(void *_priv_data)
+{
+       struct number_set *set = _priv_data;
+
+       free(set->vec);
+       free(set);
+       return;
+}
diff --git a/defs.h b/defs.h
index 2efbfa36..69cd765e 100644
--- a/defs.h
+++ b/defs.h
@@ -199,6 +199,7 @@ struct inject_opts {
        uint16_t step;
        uint16_t signo;
        int rval;
+       bool init;
 };
 
 #define MAX_ERRNO_VALUE                        4095
@@ -268,8 +269,8 @@ struct tcb {
 #define QUAL_RAW       0x008   /* print all args in hex for this syscall */
 #define QUAL_INJECT    0x010   /* tamper with this system call on purpose */
 #define QUAL_SIGNAL    0x100   /* report events with this signal */
-#define QUAL_READ      0x200   /* dump data read from this file descriptor */
-#define QUAL_WRITE     0x400   /* dump data written to this file descriptor */
+#define QUAL_READ      0x200   /* dump data read in this syscall */
+#define QUAL_WRITE     0x400   /* dump data written in this syscall */
 
 #define DEFAULT_QUAL_FLAGS (QUAL_TRACE | QUAL_ABBREV | QUAL_VERBOSE)
 
@@ -278,6 +279,8 @@ struct tcb {
 #define syserror(tcp)  ((tcp)->u_error != 0)
 #define verbose(tcp)   ((tcp)->qual_flg & QUAL_VERBOSE)
 #define abbrev(tcp)    ((tcp)->qual_flg & QUAL_ABBREV)
+#define dump_read(tcp) ((tcp)->qual_flg & QUAL_READ)
+#define dump_write(tcp)        ((tcp)->qual_flg & QUAL_WRITE)
 #define filtered(tcp)  ((tcp)->flags & TCB_FILTERED)
 #define hide_log(tcp)  ((tcp)->flags & TCB_HIDE_LOG)
 
@@ -662,13 +665,12 @@ print_struct_statfs64(struct tcb *, kernel_ulong_t addr, 
kernel_ulong_t size);
 extern void print_ifindex(unsigned int);
 
 struct number_set;
-extern struct number_set read_set;
-extern struct number_set write_set;
 extern struct number_set signal_set;
 
 extern bool is_number_in_set(unsigned int number, const struct number_set *);
-extern void qualify(const char *);
-extern unsigned int qual_flags(const unsigned int);
+extern void filtering_parsing_finish(void);
+extern void filter_syscall(struct tcb *);
+extern void parse_qualify_filter(const char *);
 
 #define DECL_IOCTL(name)                                               \
 extern int                                                             \
diff --git a/filter.c b/filter.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d51b3183
--- /dev/null
+++ b/filter.c
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017 Nikolay Marchuk <marchuk.nikola...@gmail.com>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
+ *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+ * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+ * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+ * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+ * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include "defs.h"
+#include "filter.h"
+
+#define DECL_FILTER(name)                                              \
+extern void *                                                          \
+parse_ ## name ## _filter(const char *);                               \
+extern bool                                                            \
+run_ ## name ## _filter(struct tcb *, void *);                         \
+extern void                                                            \
+free_ ## name ## _filter(void *)                                       \
+/* End of DECL_FILTER definition. */
+
+DECL_FILTER(syscall);
+DECL_FILTER(fd);
+#undef DECL_FILTER
+
+#define FILTER_TYPE(name)                                              \
+{#name, parse_ ## name ## _filter, run_ ## name ## _filter,            \
+       free_ ## name ## _filter}
+/* End of FILTER_TYPE definition. */
+
+static const struct filter_type {
+       const char *name;
+       void *(*parse_filter)(const char *);
+       bool (*run_filter)(struct tcb *, void *);
+       void (*free_priv_data)(void *);
+} filter_types[] = {
+       FILTER_TYPE(syscall),
+       FILTER_TYPE(fd),
+};
+#undef FILTER_TYPE
+
+struct filter {
+       const struct filter_type *type;
+       void *_priv_data;
+};
+
+static const struct filter_type *
+lookup_filter_type(const char *str)
+{
+       unsigned int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(filter_types); i++) {
+               if (!strcmp(filter_types[i].name, str))
+                       return &filter_types[i];
+       }
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+struct filter *
+add_filter_to_array(struct filter **filters, unsigned int *nfilters,
+                   const char *name)
+{
+       const struct filter_type *type = lookup_filter_type(name);
+       struct filter *filter;
+
+       if (!type)
+               error_msg_and_die("invalid filter '%s'", name);
+       *filters = xreallocarray(*filters, ++(*nfilters),
+                                sizeof(struct filter));
+       filter = &((*filters)[*nfilters - 1]);
+       filter->type = type;
+       return filter;
+}
+
+void
+parse_filter(struct filter *filter, const char *str)
+{
+       filter->_priv_data = filter->type->parse_filter(str);
+}
+
+static bool
+run_filter(struct tcb *tcp, struct filter *filter)
+{
+       return filter->type->run_filter(tcp, filter->_priv_data);
+}
+
+void
+run_filters(struct tcb *tcp, struct filter *filters, unsigned int nfilters,
+           bool *variables_buf)
+{
+       unsigned int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < nfilters; ++i)
+               variables_buf[i] = run_filter(tcp, &filters[i]);
+}
+
+void
+free_filter(struct filter *filter)
+{
+       if (!filter)
+               return;
+       filter->type->free_priv_data(filter->_priv_data);
+}
+
+void *
+get_filter_priv_data(struct filter *filter)
+{
+       return filter ? filter->_priv_data : NULL;
+}
+
+void
+set_filter_priv_data(struct filter *filter, void *_priv_data)
+{
+       if (filter)
+               filter->_priv_data = _priv_data;
+}
+
+void
+set_filters_qualify_mode(struct filter **filters, unsigned int *nfilters)
+{
+       unsigned int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < *nfilters - 1; ++i)
+               free_filter(*filters + i);
+       (*filters)[0] = (*filters)[*nfilters - 1];
+       *filters = xreallocarray(*filters, 1, sizeof(struct filter));
+       *nfilters = 1;
+}
diff --git a/filter.h b/filter.h
index eefbd3cb..ec61d0c4 100644
--- a/filter.h
+++ b/filter.h
@@ -29,13 +29,38 @@
 #ifndef STRACE_FILTER_H
 #define STRACE_FILTER_H
 
-struct number_set;
+struct filter;
+
+struct filter_action;
+
+struct bool_expression;
+
 typedef int (*string_to_uint_func)(const char *);
+void parse_set(const char *const, struct number_set *const,
+              string_to_uint_func, const char *const);
+void parse_inject_common_args(char *, struct inject_opts *, const char *delim,
+                             const bool fault_tokens_only);
+
+/* filter api */
+struct filter* add_filter_to_array(struct filter **, unsigned int *nfilters,
+                                  const char *name);
+void parse_filter(struct filter *, const char *str);
+void run_filters(struct tcb *, struct filter *, unsigned int, bool *);
+void free_filter(struct filter *);
+void *get_filter_priv_data(struct filter *);
+void set_filter_priv_data(struct filter *, void *);
+void set_filters_qualify_mode(struct filter **, unsigned int *nfilters);
+
+/* filter action api */
+struct filter *create_filter(struct filter_action *, const char *name);
+struct filter_action *find_or_add_action(const char *);
+void *get_filter_action_priv_data(struct filter_action *);
+void set_filter_action_priv_data(struct filter_action *, void *);
+void set_qualify_mode(struct filter_action *);
 
-void add_number_to_set(unsigned int number, struct number_set *set);
-void qualify_tokens(const char *str, struct number_set *set,
-                   string_to_uint_func func, const char *name);
-void qualify_syscall_tokens(const char *str, struct number_set *set,
-                           const char *name);
+/* filter expression api */
+struct bool_expression *create_expression();
+bool run_expression(struct bool_expression *, bool *, unsigned int);
+void set_expression_qualify_mode(struct bool_expression *);
 
 #endif /* !STRACE_FILTER_H */
diff --git a/filter_action.c b/filter_action.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c040eda6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/filter_action.c
@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017 Nikolay Marchuk <marchuk.nikola...@gmail.com>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
+ *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+ * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+ * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+ * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+ * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include "defs.h"
+#include "filter.h"
+
+#define DECL_FILTER_ACTION(name)                                       \
+extern void                                                            \
+apply_ ## name(struct tcb *, void *)                                   \
+/* End of DECL_FILTER_ACTION definition. */
+
+DECL_FILTER_ACTION(trace);
+DECL_FILTER_ACTION(inject);
+DECL_FILTER_ACTION(fault);
+DECL_FILTER_ACTION(read);
+DECL_FILTER_ACTION(write);
+DECL_FILTER_ACTION(raw);
+DECL_FILTER_ACTION(abbrev);
+DECL_FILTER_ACTION(verbose);
+#undef DECL_FILTER_ACTION
+
+extern bool is_traced(struct tcb *);
+extern bool not_injected(struct tcb *);
+
+#define DECL_FILTER_ACTION_PARSER(name)                                        
\
+extern void *                                                          \
+parse_ ## name(const char *);                                          \
+extern void                                                            \
+free_ ## name(void *)                                                  \
+/* End of DECL_FILTER_ACTION_PARSER definition. */
+
+DECL_FILTER_ACTION_PARSER(null);
+DECL_FILTER_ACTION_PARSER(inject);
+DECL_FILTER_ACTION_PARSER(fault);
+#undef DECL_FILTER_ACTION_PARSER
+
+#define FILTER_ACTION_TYPE(NAME, PRIORITY, FLAG, PARSER, PREFILTER)    \
+{#NAME, PRIORITY, FLAG, parse_ ## PARSER, free_ ## PARSER, PREFILTER,  \
+       apply_ ## NAME}
+/* End of FILTER_ACTION_TYPE definition. */
+
+static const struct filter_action_type {
+       const char *name;
+       /* The highest priority is 0. */
+       unsigned int priority;
+       unsigned int qual_flg;
+       void * (*parse_args)(const char *);
+       void (*free_priv_data)(void *);
+       bool (*prefilter)(struct tcb *);
+       void (*apply)(struct tcb *, void *);
+} action_types[] = {
+       FILTER_ACTION_TYPE(trace,       0, QUAL_TRACE,          null,   NULL),
+       FILTER_ACTION_TYPE(inject,      1, QUAL_INJECT,         inject, 
not_injected),
+       FILTER_ACTION_TYPE(fault,       1, QUAL_INJECT,         fault,  
not_injected),
+       FILTER_ACTION_TYPE(read,        2, QUAL_READ,           null,   
is_traced),
+       FILTER_ACTION_TYPE(write,       2, QUAL_WRITE,          null,   
is_traced),
+       FILTER_ACTION_TYPE(raw,         2, QUAL_RAW,            null,   
is_traced),
+       FILTER_ACTION_TYPE(abbrev,      2, QUAL_ABBREV,         null,   
is_traced),
+       FILTER_ACTION_TYPE(verbose,     2, QUAL_VERBOSE,        null,   
is_traced),
+};
+#undef FILTER_ACTION_TYPE
+
+struct filter_action {
+       /* Used to correct order of actions with the same priority. */
+       unsigned int id;
+       const struct filter_action_type *type;
+       struct bool_expression *expr;
+       unsigned int nfilters;
+       struct filter *filters;
+       void *_priv_data;
+};
+
+static struct filter_action *filter_actions;
+static unsigned int nfilter_actions;
+
+static bool *variables_buf;
+
+/*
+ * Compares action priorities. If actions have the same priority,
+ * uses LIFO order.
+ */
+static int
+compare_action_priority(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+       const struct filter_action *action_a = a;
+       const struct filter_action *action_b = b;
+       unsigned int priority_a = action_a->type->priority;
+       unsigned int priority_b = action_b->type->priority;
+
+       if (priority_a != priority_b) {
+               return (priority_a < priority_b) ? -1 : 1;
+       } else {
+               return (action_a->id > action_b->id) ? -1 : 1;
+       }
+}
+
+void
+filtering_parsing_finish(void)
+{
+       unsigned int maxfilters = 0;
+       unsigned int i;
+
+       /* Sort actions by priority */
+       if (nfilter_actions == 0)
+               return;
+       qsort(filter_actions, nfilter_actions, sizeof(struct filter_action),
+             &compare_action_priority);
+
+       /* Allocate variables_buf sufficient for any action */
+       for (i = 0; i < nfilter_actions; ++i) {
+               if (filter_actions[i].nfilters > maxfilters)
+                       maxfilters = filter_actions[i].nfilters;
+       }
+       variables_buf = xcalloc(maxfilters, sizeof(bool));
+}
+
+static const struct filter_action_type *
+lookup_filter_action_type(const char *str)
+{
+       unsigned int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(action_types); ++i) {
+               if (!strcmp(action_types[i].name, str))
+                       return &action_types[i];
+       }
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct filter_action *
+add_action(const struct filter_action_type *type)
+{
+       struct filter_action *action;
+
+       filter_actions = xreallocarray(filter_actions, ++nfilter_actions,
+                                      sizeof(struct filter_action));
+       action = &filter_actions[nfilter_actions - 1];
+       memset(action, 0, sizeof(*action));
+       action->id = nfilter_actions - 1;
+       action->type = type;
+       action->expr = create_expression();
+       return action;
+}
+
+struct filter_action *
+find_or_add_action(const char *name)
+{
+       const struct filter_action_type *type = lookup_filter_action_type(name);
+       unsigned int i;
+
+       if (!type)
+               error_msg_and_die("invalid filter action '%s'", name);
+       /* If action takes arguments, add new action */
+       if (type->parse_args != &parse_null)
+               return add_action(type);
+
+       for (i = 0; i < nfilter_actions; ++i) {
+               if (filter_actions[i].type == type)
+                       return &filter_actions[i];
+       }
+       return add_action(type);
+}
+
+static void
+run_filter_action(struct tcb *tcp, struct filter_action *action)
+{
+       if (action->type->prefilter && !action->type->prefilter(tcp))
+               return;
+       run_filters(tcp, action->filters, action->nfilters, variables_buf);
+       if (run_expression(action->expr, variables_buf, action->nfilters))
+               action->type->apply(tcp, action->_priv_data);
+}
+
+struct filter *
+create_filter(struct filter_action *action, const char *name)
+{
+       return add_filter_to_array(&action->filters, &action->nfilters, name);
+}
+
+void
+set_qualify_mode(struct filter_action *action)
+{
+       set_filters_qualify_mode(&action->filters, &action->nfilters);
+       set_expression_qualify_mode(action->expr);
+}
+
+void
+filter_syscall(struct tcb *tcp)
+{
+       unsigned int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < nfilter_actions; ++i)
+               run_filter_action(tcp, &filter_actions[i]);
+}
+
+void *
+get_filter_action_priv_data(struct filter_action *action)
+{
+       return action ? action->_priv_data : NULL;
+}
+
+void
+set_filter_action_priv_data(struct filter_action *action, void *_priv_data)
+{
+       if (action)
+               action->_priv_data = _priv_data;
+}
diff --git a/filter_expression.c b/filter_expression.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..05f8903e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/filter_expression.c
@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017 Nikolay Marchuk <marchuk.nikola...@gmail.com>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
+ *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+ * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+ * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+ * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+ * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include "defs.h"
+#include <stdarg.h>
+
+struct expression_token {
+       enum token_type {
+               TOK_VARIABLE,
+               TOK_OPERATOR
+       } type;
+       union token_data {
+               unsigned int variable_id;
+               enum operator_type {
+                       OP_NOT,
+                       OP_AND,
+                       OP_OR
+               } operator_id;
+       } data;
+};
+
+struct bool_expression {
+       unsigned int ntokens;
+       struct expression_token *tokens;
+};
+
+struct bool_expression *
+create_expression(void)
+{
+       return xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct bool_expression));
+}
+
+static void
+reallocate_expression(struct bool_expression *const expr,
+                     const unsigned int new_ntokens)
+{
+       if (!expr)
+               error_msg_and_die("invalid expression");
+       expr->tokens = xreallocarray(expr->tokens, new_ntokens,
+                                    sizeof(*expr->tokens));
+       if (new_ntokens > expr->ntokens)
+               memset(expr->tokens + expr->ntokens, 0,
+                      sizeof(*expr->tokens) * (new_ntokens - expr->ntokens));
+       expr->ntokens = new_ntokens;
+}
+
+void
+set_expression_qualify_mode(struct bool_expression *expr)
+{
+       if (!expr)
+               error_msg_and_die("invalid expression");
+       reallocate_expression(expr, 1);
+       expr->tokens[0].type = TOK_VARIABLE;
+       expr->tokens[0].data.variable_id = 0;
+}
+
+ATTRIBUTE_FORMAT((printf, 3, 4))
+static int
+printf_append(char **ptr, char *end, const char *fmt, ...)
+       {
+               int ret;
+               va_list args;
+
+               va_start(args, fmt);
+               ret = vsnprintf(*ptr, end - *ptr, fmt, args);
+               va_end(args);
+
+               if (ret < 0)
+                       return ret;
+
+               *ptr += MIN(ret, end - *ptr);
+
+               return ret;
+}
+
+/* Print full diagnostics for corrupted expression */
+static void
+handle_corrupted_expression(struct bool_expression *expr, bool *stack,
+                           unsigned int stack_size, unsigned int current_pos,
+                           bool *variables, unsigned int variables_num)
+{
+       char *buf, *pos, *end;
+       unsigned int buf_size;
+       unsigned int i;
+
+       /* Calculate buffer size. */
+       buf_size = sizeof("corrupted filter expression:");
+       buf_size += sizeof("expression (ntokens = ):")
+                   + 3 * sizeof(unsigned int)
+                   + (sizeof("op_") + 3 * sizeof(int)) * expr->ntokens;
+       buf_size += sizeof("variables (nvariables = ):") + 3 * sizeof(int)
+                   + sizeof("false") * variables_num;
+       buf_size += sizeof("current position: ") + 3 * sizeof(int);
+       buf_size += sizeof("stack (stack_size = ):") + 3 * sizeof(int)
+                   + sizeof("false") * stack_size;
+
+       buf = xcalloc(buf_size, 1);
+       pos = buf;
+       end = buf + buf_size;
+
+       printf_append(&pos, end, "corrupted filter expression:\n");
+
+       /* Print expression. */
+       printf_append(&pos, end, "expression (ntokens = %u):", expr->ntokens);
+       for (i = 0; i < expr->ntokens; ++i) {
+               switch (expr->tokens[i].type) {
+               case TOK_VARIABLE:
+                       printf_append(&pos, end, " v_%u",
+                                     expr->tokens[i].data.variable_id);
+                       break;
+               case TOK_OPERATOR:
+                       switch (expr->tokens[i].data.operator_id) {
+                       case OP_NOT:
+                               printf_append(&pos, end, " not");
+                               break;
+                       case OP_AND:
+                               printf_append(&pos, end, " and");
+                               break;
+                       case OP_OR:
+                               printf_append(&pos, end, " or");
+                       default:
+                               printf_append(&pos, end, " op_%d",
+                                             expr->tokens[i].data.operator_id);
+                       }
+               default:
+                       printf_append(&pos, end, " ?_%d", expr->tokens[i].type);
+               }
+       }
+       printf_append(&pos, end, "\n");
+
+       /* Print variables. */
+       printf_append(&pos, end, "variables (nvariables = %u):", variables_num);
+       for (i = 0; i < variables_num; ++i)
+               printf_append(&pos, end, variables[i] ? " true" : " false");
+       printf_append(&pos, end, "\n");
+
+       printf_append(&pos, end, "current position: %u\n", current_pos);
+
+       /* Print current stack state. */
+       printf_append(&pos, end, "stack (stack_size = %u):", stack_size);
+       for (i = 0; i < stack_size; ++i)
+               printf_append(&pos, end, stack[i] ? " true" : " false");
+
+       error_msg_and_die("%s", buf);
+       free(buf);
+}
+
+#define MAX_STACK_SIZE 32
+
+bool
+run_expression(struct bool_expression *expr, bool *variables,
+              unsigned int variables_num)
+{
+       bool stack[MAX_STACK_SIZE];
+       unsigned int stack_size = 0;
+       unsigned int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < expr->ntokens; ++i) {
+               struct expression_token *tok = &expr->tokens[i];
+
+               switch (tok->type) {
+               case TOK_VARIABLE:
+                       if (stack_size == MAX_STACK_SIZE)
+                               error_msg_and_die("stack overflow");
+
+                       if (tok->data.variable_id >= variables_num)
+                               handle_corrupted_expression(expr, stack,
+                                                           stack_size, i,
+                                                           variables,
+                                                           variables_num);
+                       stack[stack_size++] = variables[tok->data.variable_id];
+                       break;
+               case TOK_OPERATOR:
+                       switch (tok->data.operator_id) {
+                       case OP_NOT:
+                               if (stack_size == 0)
+                                       handle_corrupted_expression(expr, stack,
+                                                               stack_size, i,
+                                                               variables,
+                                                               variables_num);
+                               stack[stack_size - 1] = !stack[stack_size - 1];
+                               break;
+                       case OP_AND:
+                               if (stack_size < 2)
+                                       handle_corrupted_expression(expr, stack,
+                                                               stack_size, i,
+                                                               variables,
+                                                               variables_num);
+                               stack[stack_size - 2] = stack[stack_size - 2]
+                                                    && stack[stack_size - 1];
+                               --stack_size;
+                               break;
+                       case OP_OR:
+                               if (stack_size < 2)
+                                       handle_corrupted_expression(expr, stack,
+                                                               stack_size, i,
+                                                               variables,
+                                                               variables_num);
+                               stack[stack_size - 2] = stack[stack_size - 2]
+                                                    || stack[stack_size - 1];
+                               --stack_size;
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (stack_size != 1)
+               handle_corrupted_expression(expr, stack, stack_size, i,
+                                           variables, variables_num);
+       return stack[0];
+}
diff --git a/filter_qualify.c b/filter_qualify.c
index 4283e769..3765f656 100644
--- a/filter_qualify.c
+++ b/filter_qualify.c
@@ -38,16 +38,8 @@ struct number_set {
        bool not;
 };
 
-struct number_set read_set;
-struct number_set write_set;
 struct number_set signal_set;
 
-static struct number_set abbrev_set[SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES];
-static struct number_set inject_set[SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES];
-static struct number_set raw_set[SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES];
-static struct number_set trace_set[SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES];
-static struct number_set verbose_set[SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES];
-
 static int
 sigstr_to_uint(const char *s)
 {
@@ -156,174 +148,174 @@ parse_inject_token(const char *const token, struct 
inject_opts *const fopts,
        return true;
 }
 
-static char *
-parse_inject_expression(const char *const s, char **buf,
-                       struct inject_opts *const fopts,
-                       const bool fault_tokens_only)
+void
+parse_inject_common_args(char *str, struct inject_opts *const opts,
+                        const char *delim, const bool fault_tokens_only)
 {
        char *saveptr = NULL;
-       char *name = NULL;
        char *token;
 
-       *buf = xstrdup(s);
-       for (token = strtok_r(*buf, ":", &saveptr); token;
-            token = strtok_r(NULL, ":", &saveptr)) {
-               if (!name)
-                       name = token;
-               else if (!parse_inject_token(token, fopts, fault_tokens_only))
-                       goto parse_error;
-       }
+       opts->first = 1;
+       opts->step = 1;
+       opts->rval = INJECT_OPTS_RVAL_DEFAULT;
+       opts->signo = 0;
+       opts->init = false;
 
-       if (name)
-               return name;
+       for (token = strtok_r(str, delim, &saveptr); token;
+            token = strtok_r(NULL, delim, &saveptr)) {
+               if (!parse_inject_token(token, opts, fault_tokens_only))
+                       return;
+       }
 
-parse_error:
-       free(*buf);
-       return *buf = NULL;
+       /* If neither of retval, error, or signal is specified, then ... */
+       if (opts->rval == INJECT_OPTS_RVAL_DEFAULT && !opts->signo) {
+               if (fault_tokens_only) {
+                       /* in fault= syntax the default error code is ENOSYS. */
+                       opts->rval = -ENOSYS;
+               } else {
+                       /* in inject= syntax this is not allowed. */
+                       return;
+               }
+       }
+       opts->init = true;
 }
 
 static void
-qualify_read(const char *const str)
+parse_read(const char *const str)
 {
-       qualify_tokens(str, &read_set, string_to_uint, "descriptor");
+       struct filter_action *action = find_or_add_action("read");
+       struct filter *filter = create_filter(action, "fd");
+
+       parse_filter(filter, str);
+       set_qualify_mode(action);
 }
 
 static void
-qualify_write(const char *const str)
+parse_write(const char *const str)
 {
-       qualify_tokens(str, &write_set, string_to_uint, "descriptor");
+       struct filter_action *action = find_or_add_action("write");
+       struct filter *filter = create_filter(action, "fd");
+
+       parse_filter(filter, str);
+       set_qualify_mode(action);
 }
 
 static void
 qualify_signals(const char *const str)
 {
-       qualify_tokens(str, &signal_set, sigstr_to_uint, "signal");
+       /* Clear the set. */
+       if (signal_set.nslots)
+               memset(signal_set.vec, 0,
+                      sizeof(*signal_set.vec) * signal_set.nslots);
+       signal_set.not = false;
+
+       parse_set(str, &signal_set, sigstr_to_uint, "signal");
 }
 
 static void
-qualify_trace(const char *const str)
+parse_trace(const char *const str)
 {
-       qualify_syscall_tokens(str, trace_set, "system call");
+       struct filter_action *action = find_or_add_action("trace");
+       struct filter *filter = create_filter(action, "syscall");
+
+       parse_filter(filter, str);
+       set_qualify_mode(action);
 }
 
 static void
-qualify_abbrev(const char *const str)
+parse_abbrev(const char *const str)
 {
-       qualify_syscall_tokens(str, abbrev_set, "system call");
+       struct filter_action *action = find_or_add_action("abbrev");
+       struct filter *filter = create_filter(action, "syscall");
+
+       parse_filter(filter, str);
+       set_qualify_mode(action);
 }
 
 static void
-qualify_verbose(const char *const str)
+parse_verbose(const char *const str)
 {
-       qualify_syscall_tokens(str, verbose_set, "system call");
+       struct filter_action *action = find_or_add_action("verbose");
+       struct filter *filter = create_filter(action, "syscall");
+
+       parse_filter(filter, str);
+       set_qualify_mode(action);
 }
 
 static void
-qualify_raw(const char *const str)
+parse_raw(const char *const str)
 {
-       qualify_syscall_tokens(str, raw_set, "system call");
+       struct filter_action *action = find_or_add_action("raw");
+       struct filter *filter = create_filter(action, "syscall");
+
+       parse_filter(filter, str);
+       set_qualify_mode(action);
 }
 
 static void
-qualify_inject_common(const char *const str,
-                     const bool fault_tokens_only,
-                     const char *const description)
+parse_inject_common_qualify(const char *const str, const bool 
fault_tokens_only,
+                           const char *const description)
 {
-       struct inject_opts opts = {
-               .first = 1,
-               .step = 1,
-               .rval = INJECT_OPTS_RVAL_DEFAULT,
-               .signo = 0
-       };
-       char *buf = NULL;
-       char *name = parse_inject_expression(str, &buf, &opts, 
fault_tokens_only);
-       if (!name) {
-               error_msg_and_die("invalid %s '%s'", description, str);
-       }
-
-       /* If neither of retval, error, or signal is specified, then ... */
-       if (opts.rval == INJECT_OPTS_RVAL_DEFAULT && !opts.signo) {
-               if (fault_tokens_only) {
-                       /* in fault= syntax the default error code is ENOSYS. */
-                       opts.rval = -ENOSYS;
-               } else {
-                       /* in inject= syntax this is not allowed. */
-                       error_msg_and_die("invalid %s '%s'", description, str);
-               }
-       }
-
-       struct number_set tmp_set[SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES];
-       memset(tmp_set, 0, sizeof(tmp_set));
-       qualify_syscall_tokens(name, tmp_set, description);
-
+       struct inject_opts *opts = xmalloc(sizeof(struct inject_opts));
+       char *buf = xstrdup(str);
+       struct filter_action *action;
+       struct filter *filter;
+       char *args = strchr(buf, ':');
+
+       if (args)
+               *(args++) = '\0';
+
+       action = find_or_add_action(fault_tokens_only ? "fault" : "inject");
+       filter = create_filter(action, "syscall");
+       parse_filter(filter, buf);
+       set_qualify_mode(action);
+       parse_inject_common_args(args, opts, ":", fault_tokens_only);
+       if (!opts->init)
+               error_msg_and_die("invalid %s '%s'", description,
+                                 args ? args : "");
        free(buf);
-
-       /*
-        * Initialize inject_vec accourding to tmp_set.
-        * Merge tmp_set into inject_set.
-        */
-       unsigned int p;
-       for (p = 0; p < SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES; ++p) {
-               if (!tmp_set[p].nslots && !tmp_set[p].not) {
-                       continue;
-               }
-
-               if (!inject_vec[p]) {
-                       inject_vec[p] = xcalloc(nsyscall_vec[p],
-                                              sizeof(*inject_vec[p]));
-               }
-
-               unsigned int i;
-               for (i = 0; i < nsyscall_vec[p]; ++i) {
-                       if (is_number_in_set(i, &tmp_set[p])) {
-                               add_number_to_set(i, &inject_set[p]);
-                               inject_vec[p][i] = opts;
-                       }
-               }
-
-               free(tmp_set[p].vec);
-       }
+       set_filter_action_priv_data(action, opts);
 }
 
 static void
-qualify_fault(const char *const str)
+parse_fault(const char *const str)
 {
-       qualify_inject_common(str, true, "fault argument");
+       parse_inject_common_qualify(str, true, "fault argument");
 }
 
 static void
-qualify_inject(const char *const str)
+parse_inject(const char *const str)
 {
-       qualify_inject_common(str, false, "inject argument");
+       parse_inject_common_qualify(str, false, "inject argument");
 }
 
 static const struct qual_options {
        const char *name;
        void (*qualify)(const char *);
 } qual_options[] = {
-       { "trace",      qualify_trace   },
-       { "t",          qualify_trace   },
-       { "abbrev",     qualify_abbrev  },
-       { "a",          qualify_abbrev  },
-       { "verbose",    qualify_verbose },
-       { "v",          qualify_verbose },
-       { "raw",        qualify_raw     },
-       { "x",          qualify_raw     },
+       { "trace",      parse_trace     },
+       { "t",          parse_trace     },
+       { "abbrev",     parse_abbrev    },
+       { "a",          parse_abbrev    },
+       { "verbose",    parse_verbose   },
+       { "v",          parse_verbose   },
+       { "raw",        parse_raw       },
+       { "x",          parse_raw       },
        { "signal",     qualify_signals },
        { "signals",    qualify_signals },
        { "s",          qualify_signals },
-       { "read",       qualify_read    },
-       { "reads",      qualify_read    },
-       { "r",          qualify_read    },
-       { "write",      qualify_write   },
-       { "writes",     qualify_write   },
-       { "w",          qualify_write   },
-       { "fault",      qualify_fault   },
-       { "inject",     qualify_inject  },
+       { "read",       parse_read      },
+       { "reads",      parse_read      },
+       { "r",          parse_read      },
+       { "write",      parse_write     },
+       { "writes",     parse_write     },
+       { "w",          parse_write     },
+       { "fault",      parse_fault     },
+       { "inject",     parse_inject    },
 };
 
 void
-qualify(const char *str)
+parse_qualify_filter(const char *str)
 {
        const struct qual_options *opt = qual_options;
        unsigned int i;
@@ -342,18 +334,3 @@ qualify(const char *str)
 
        opt->qualify(str);
 }
-
-unsigned int
-qual_flags(const unsigned int scno)
-{
-       return  (is_number_in_set(scno, &trace_set[current_personality])
-                  ? QUAL_TRACE : 0)
-               | (is_number_in_set(scno, &abbrev_set[current_personality])
-                  ? QUAL_ABBREV : 0)
-               | (is_number_in_set(scno, &verbose_set[current_personality])
-                  ? QUAL_VERBOSE : 0)
-               | (is_number_in_set(scno, &raw_set[current_personality])
-                  ? QUAL_RAW : 0)
-               | (is_number_in_set(scno, &inject_set[current_personality])
-                  ? QUAL_INJECT : 0);
-}
diff --git a/strace.c b/strace.c
index ae93f923..88f7168e 100644
--- a/strace.c
+++ b/strace.c
@@ -770,7 +770,8 @@ droptcb(struct tcb *tcp)
 
        int p;
        for (p = 0; p < SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES; ++p)
-               free(tcp->inject_vec[p]);
+               if (tcp->inject_vec[p])
+                       free(tcp->inject_vec[p]);
 
        free_tcb_priv_data(tcp);
 
@@ -1576,13 +1577,13 @@ init(int argc, char *argv[])
        shared_log = stderr;
        set_sortby(DEFAULT_SORTBY);
        set_personality(DEFAULT_PERSONALITY);
-       qualify("trace=all");
-       qualify("abbrev=all");
-       qualify("verbose=all");
+       parse_qualify_filter("trace=all");
+       parse_qualify_filter("abbrev=all");
+       parse_qualify_filter("verbose=all");
 #if DEFAULT_QUAL_FLAGS != (QUAL_TRACE | QUAL_ABBREV | QUAL_VERBOSE)
 # error Bug in DEFAULT_QUAL_FLAGS
 #endif
-       qualify("signal=all");
+       parse_qualify_filter("signal=all");
        while ((c = getopt(argc, argv,
                "+b:cCdfFhiqrtTvVwxyz"
 #ifdef USE_LIBUNWIND
@@ -1649,7 +1650,7 @@ init(int argc, char *argv[])
                        show_fd_path++;
                        break;
                case 'v':
-                       qualify("abbrev=none");
+                       parse_qualify_filter("abbrev=none");
                        break;
                case 'V':
                        print_version();
@@ -1664,7 +1665,7 @@ init(int argc, char *argv[])
                                error_opt_arg(c, optarg);
                        break;
                case 'e':
-                       qualify(optarg);
+                       parse_qualify_filter(optarg);
                        break;
                case 'o':
                        outfname = optarg;
@@ -1712,6 +1713,7 @@ init(int argc, char *argv[])
                        break;
                }
        }
+       filtering_parsing_finish();
 
        argv += optind;
        argc -= optind;
@@ -2414,6 +2416,8 @@ trace_syscall(struct tcb *tcp, unsigned int *sig)
                case 0:
                        return 0;
                case 1:
+                       if (!tcp->qual_flg)
+                               filter_syscall(tcp);
                        res = syscall_entering_trace(tcp, sig);
                }
                syscall_entering_finish(tcp, res);
diff --git a/syscall.c b/syscall.c
index a0c649ea..b740dadb 100644
--- a/syscall.c
+++ b/syscall.c
@@ -345,7 +345,6 @@ decode_socket_subcall(struct tcb *tcp)
                return;
 
        tcp->scno = scno;
-       tcp->qual_flg = qual_flags(scno);
        tcp->s_ent = &sysent[scno];
 
        unsigned int i;
@@ -385,7 +384,6 @@ decode_ipc_subcall(struct tcb *tcp)
        }
 
        tcp->scno = SYS_ipc_subcall + call;
-       tcp->qual_flg = qual_flags(tcp->scno);
        tcp->s_ent = &sysent[tcp->scno];
 
        const unsigned int n = tcp->s_ent->nargs;
@@ -402,7 +400,6 @@ decode_mips_subcall(struct tcb *tcp)
        if (!scno_is_valid(tcp->u_arg[0]))
                return;
        tcp->scno = tcp->u_arg[0];
-       tcp->qual_flg = qual_flags(tcp->scno);
        tcp->s_ent = &sysent[tcp->scno];
        memmove(&tcp->u_arg[0], &tcp->u_arg[1],
                sizeof(tcp->u_arg) - sizeof(tcp->u_arg[0]));
@@ -431,7 +428,7 @@ dumpio(struct tcb *tcp)
        if (fd < 0)
                return;
 
-       if (is_number_in_set(fd, &read_set)) {
+       if (dump_read(tcp)) {
                switch (tcp->s_ent->sen) {
                case SEN_read:
                case SEN_pread:
@@ -454,7 +451,7 @@ dumpio(struct tcb *tcp)
                        return;
                }
        }
-       if (is_number_in_set(fd, &write_set)) {
+       if (dump_write(tcp)) {
                switch (tcp->s_ent->sen) {
                case SEN_write:
                case SEN_pwrite:
@@ -540,8 +537,6 @@ static void get_error(struct tcb *, const bool);
 static int arch_set_error(struct tcb *);
 static int arch_set_success(struct tcb *);
 
-struct inject_opts *inject_vec[SUPPORTED_PERSONALITIES];
-
 static struct inject_opts *
 tcb_inject_opts(struct tcb *tcp)
 {
@@ -553,14 +548,6 @@ tcb_inject_opts(struct tcb *tcp)
 static long
 tamper_with_syscall_entering(struct tcb *tcp, unsigned int *signo)
 {
-       if (!tcp->inject_vec[current_personality]) {
-               tcp->inject_vec[current_personality] =
-                       xcalloc(nsyscalls, sizeof(**inject_vec));
-               memcpy(tcp->inject_vec[current_personality],
-                      inject_vec[current_personality],
-                      nsyscalls * sizeof(**inject_vec));
-       }
-
        struct inject_opts *opts = tcb_inject_opts(tcp);
 
        if (!opts || opts->first == 0)
@@ -680,9 +667,7 @@ syscall_entering_trace(struct tcb *tcp, unsigned int *sig)
                        break;
        }
 
-       if (!(tcp->qual_flg & QUAL_TRACE)
-        || (tracing_paths && !pathtrace_match(tcp))
-       ) {
+       if (!(tcp->qual_flg & QUAL_TRACE)) {
                tcp->flags |= TCB_FILTERED;
                return 0;
        }
@@ -1201,7 +1186,8 @@ get_scno(struct tcb *tcp)
 
        if (scno_is_valid(tcp->scno)) {
                tcp->s_ent = &sysent[tcp->scno];
-               tcp->qual_flg = qual_flags(tcp->scno);
+               /* Clear qual_flg to differ valid syscall from printargs */
+               tcp->qual_flg = 0;
        } else {
                struct sysent_buf *s = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*s));
 
diff --git a/tests/filtering_syscall-syntax.test 
b/tests/filtering_syscall-syntax.test
index 698a894c..2a4125ae 100755
--- a/tests/filtering_syscall-syntax.test
+++ b/tests/filtering_syscall-syntax.test
@@ -35,10 +35,12 @@ check_syscall()
        check_e "invalid system call '$1'" -e abbrev="$2"
        check_e "invalid system call '$1'" -e verbose="$2"
        check_e "invalid system call '$1'" -e raw="$2"
+       check_e "invalid system call '$1'" -e inject="$2"
+       check_e "invalid system call '$1'" -e fault="$2"
 }
 
 # invalid syscall
-for arg in '' , ,, ,,, : :: ::: \! \!, \
+for arg in '' , ,, ,,, \! \!, \
           invalid_syscall_name \
           -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 \
           32767 \
@@ -52,6 +54,25 @@ for arg in '' , ,, ,,, : :: ::: \! \!, \
        check_syscall "$arg" "$arg"
 done
 
+# Temporary workaround
+for arg in : :: ::: \
+          ; do
+       check_e "invalid system call '$arg'" -e trace="$arg"
+       check_e "invalid system call '$arg'" -e abbrev="$arg"
+       check_e "invalid system call '$arg'" -e verbose="$arg"
+       check_e "invalid system call '$arg'" -e raw="$arg"
+       check_e "invalid system call ''" -e inject="$arg"
+       check_e "invalid system call ''" -e fault="$arg"
+done
+
+# Temporary workaround for '!:' check
+check_e "invalid system call ':'" -e trace=\!:
+check_e "invalid system call ':'" -e abbrev=\!:
+check_e "invalid system call ':'" -e verbose=\!:
+check_e "invalid system call ':'" -e raw=\!:
+check_e "invalid system call '!'" -e inject=\!:
+check_e "invalid system call '!'" -e fault=\!:
+
 # invalid syscall with inversion
 for arg in -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 \
           invalid_syscall_name \
@@ -78,7 +99,6 @@ for arg in file,nonsense \
 done
 
 # special cases
-check_syscall ":"      \!:
 check_syscall "!"      1,\!
 check_syscall "!open"  1,\!open
 check_syscall "none"   1,none
diff --git a/tests/qual_fault-syntax.test b/tests/qual_fault-syntax.test
index 0cce539a..5bc58194 100755
--- a/tests/qual_fault-syntax.test
+++ b/tests/qual_fault-syntax.test
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 # (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
 # THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-. "${srcdir=.}/init.sh"
+. "${srcdir=.}/syntax.sh"
 
 #
 # F
@@ -40,16 +40,7 @@ fail_with()
                "strace -e fault=$* failed to handle an argument error properly"
 }
 
-for arg in '' , ,, ,,, : :: ::: \! \!, \!: \
-          invalid_syscall_name \
-          invalid_syscall_name:when=3 \
-          -1 \!-1 \
-          -1:when=4 \
-          -2 \
-          -2:when=5 \
-          32767 \!32767 \
-          32767:when=6 \
-          chdir:42 \!chdir:42 \
+for arg in chdir:42 \!chdir:42 \
           chdir:42:when=7 \
           chdir:invalid \
           chdir:invalid:when=8 \
@@ -92,12 +83,6 @@ for arg in '' , ,, ,,, : :: ::: \! \!, \!: \
           chdir:when=65536:error=30 \
           chdir:when=1+65536 \
           chdir:when=1+65536:error=31 \
-          file,nonsense \
-          \!desc,nonsense \
-          chdir,nonsense \
-          \!chdir,nonsense \
-          1,nonsense \
-          \!1,nonsense \
           chdir:retval=0 \
           chdir:signal=1 \
           chdir:error=1:error=2 \
@@ -108,4 +93,11 @@ for arg in '' , ,, ,,, : :: ::: \! \!, \!: \
                fail_with "$arg"
 done
 
+# check syscall syntax with fault args
+for arg in invalid_syscall_name \
+          -1 -2 32767 \
+          ; do
+       check_e "invalid system call '$arg'" -e fault="$arg:when=1"
+done
+
 exit 0
diff --git a/tests/qual_inject-syntax.test b/tests/qual_inject-syntax.test
index a9e44d74..7859d825 100755
--- a/tests/qual_inject-syntax.test
+++ b/tests/qual_inject-syntax.test
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 # (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
 # THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-. "${srcdir=.}/init.sh"
+. "${srcdir=.}/syntax.sh"
 
 #
 # F
@@ -40,17 +40,7 @@ fail_with()
                "strace -e inject=$* failed to handle an argument error 
properly"
 }
 
-for arg in '' , ,, ,,, : :: ::: \! \!, \!: \
-          invalid_syscall_name \
-          invalid_syscall_name:when=3 \
-          -1 \!-1 \
-          -1:when=4 \
-          -2 \
-          -2:when=5 \
-          32767 \!32767 \
-          32767:when=6 \
-          42 \
-          chdir \
+for arg in 42 chdir \
           chdir:42 \!chdir:42 \
           chdir:42:when=7 \
           chdir:invalid \
@@ -94,12 +84,6 @@ for arg in '' , ,, ,,, : :: ::: \! \!, \!: \
           chdir:when=65536:error=30 \
           chdir:when=1+65536 \
           chdir:when=1+65536:error=31 \
-          file,nonsense \
-          \!desc,nonsense \
-          chdir,nonsense \
-          \!chdir,nonsense \
-          1,nonsense \
-          \!1,nonsense \
           chdir:retval=-1 \
           chdir:signal=0 \
           chdir:signal=129 \
@@ -115,4 +99,11 @@ for arg in '' , ,, ,,, : :: ::: \! \!, \!: \
                fail_with "$arg"
 done
 
+# check syscall syntax with inject args
+for arg in invalid_syscall_name \
+          -1 -2 32767 \
+          ; do
+       check_e "invalid system call '$arg'" -e inject="$arg:when=1"
+done
+
 exit 0
-- 
2.11.0


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