School of History and Philosophy of Science
RESEARCH SEMINAR
[The University of Sydney]
[https://d31hzlhk6di2h5.cloudfront.net/20250429/be/36/4d/de/33768bf5933c0385d64a3614_1276x852.jpg]
Empire of Knowledge: How the Mongols Shaped Astral Sciences Across Eurasia

Qiao Yang (Polonsky Fellow, the Van Leer Jerusalem Institute)


Dates: Monday, 5 May 2025
Time: 5:30pm
Venue: F09.331. Madsen Building. Madsen Seminar Room 331
How to register: Free, no registration required

Abstract: The Mongol Empire is well known for its military prowess and its 
involvement in global trade. It is less appreciated, however, for its 
contribution to scientific development. During the thirteenth and fourteenth 
centuries, Mongol rule provided a fertile ground for the flourishing of Chinese 
and Islamicate astral sciences. It also facilitated an unprecedented exchange 
of astral experts, texts, and instruments across vast regions. This talk 
explores how the Mongols shaped the development of astral sciences by 
mobilizing astronomers across Eurasia, revealing a deep and often overlooked 
connection between scientific knowledge and imperial power in the premodern 
world. It also sheds new light on the complex exchanges between Mongol, 
Islamicate, and Chinese astral traditions during this period. Rather than a 
straightforward process of transfer and adoption, these encounters were 
oftentimes selective, indirect, and informal.

Bio: Qiao Yang is a historian of science specializing in premodern China and 
the Islamicate world. Her research focuses on the social and cultural contexts 
that shaped the development and exchange of science. Her book project, Heavenly 
Knowledge, World Empire, examines the interplay between the Mongols’ imperial 
power and astral sciences (astronomy, astrology, calendar-making). It 
demonstrates that the Mongols governed with a sophisticated understanding of 
the heavens and shaped the development of astral sciences by elevating their 
social prestige and mobilizing astronomers across Eurasia. Before joining the 
Van Leer Jerusalem Institute, Qiao was a research scholar at Max Planck 
Institute for the History of Science, Berlin.

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