the following code is ok when expression is passed as :
import numpy as np
from scipy.optimize import minimize, curve_fit
from lmfit import Model, Parameters
L = np.array([0.299, 0.295, 0.290, 0.284, 0.279, 0.273, 0.268, 0.262,
0.256, 0.250])
K = np.array([2.954, 3.056, 3.119, 3.163, 3.215, 3.274, 3.351, 3.410,
3.446, 3.416])
VA = np.array([0.919, 0.727, 0.928, 0.629, 0.656, 0.854, 0.955, 0.981,
0.908, 0.794])
def f(param):
gamma = param[0]
alpha = param[1]
beta = param[2]
eta = param[3]
VA_est = gamma - (1 / eta) * np.log(alpha * L ** -eta + beta * K ** -eta)
return np.sum((np.log(VA) - VA_est) ** 2)
bnds = [(1, np.inf), (0, 1), (0, 1), (-1, np.inf)]
x0 = (1, 0.01, 0.98, 1)
result = minimize(f, x0, bounds=bnds)
print(result.message)
print(result.x[0], result.x[1], result.x[2], result.x[3])
but when the expression is passed as the following way:
import numpy as np
import sympy as sp
from scipy.optimize import minimize, curve_fit
from lmfit import Model, Parameters
L = np.array([0.299, 0.295, 0.290, 0.284, 0.279, 0.273, 0.268, 0.262,
0.256, 0.250])
K = np.array([2.954, 3.056, 3.119, 3.163, 3.215, 3.274, 3.351, 3.410,
3.446, 3.416])
VA = np.array([0.919, 0.727, 0.928, 0.629, 0.656, 0.854, 0.955, 0.981,
0.908, 0.794])
def f(param):
gamma, alpha, beta, eta = sp.symbols('gamma, alpha, beta, eta')
gamma = param[0]
alpha = param[1]
beta = param[2]
eta = param[3]
Vi_est = gamma - (1 / eta) * sp.log(alpha * L ** -eta + beta * K ** -eta)
Vlam_est = sp.lambdify((gamma, alpha, beta, eta), Vi_est)
return np.sum((np.log(VA) - Vlam_est) ** 2)
bnds = [(1, np.inf), (0, 1), (0, 1), (-1, np.inf)]
x0 = (1, 0.01, 0.98, 1)
result = minimize(f, x0, bounds=bnds)
print(result.message)
print(result.x[0], result.x[1], result.x[2], result.x[3])
I face difficulty:
*********************************************
Traceback (most recent call last):
File
"C:\Users\Zohreh\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\sympy\core\cache.py",
line 70, in wrapper
retval = cfunc(*args, **kwargs)
TypeError: unhashable type: 'numpy.ndarray'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File
"C:\Users\Zohreh\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\sympy\core\cache.py",
line 70, in wrapper
retval = cfunc(*args, **kwargs)
TypeError: unhashable type: 'numpy.ndarray'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File
"F:\Zohreh\MainZohreh\postdoc-field\CSU\pythonProject\fit_test_2.py", line
26, in <module>
result = minimize(f, x0, bounds=bnds)
File
"C:\Users\Zohreh\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\scipy\optimize\_minimize.py",
line 692, in minimize
res = _minimize_lbfgsb(fun, x0, args, jac, bounds,
File
"C:\Users\Zohreh\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\scipy\optimize\_lbfgsb_py.py",
line 308, in _minimize_lbfgsb
sf = _prepare_scalar_function(fun, x0, jac=jac, args=args, epsilon=eps,
File
"C:\Users\Zohreh\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\scipy\optimize\_optimize.py",
line 263, in _prepare_scalar_function
sf = ScalarFunction(fun, x0, args, grad, hess,
File
"C:\Users\Zohreh\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\scipy\optimize\_differentiable_functions.py",
line 158, in __init__
self._update_fun()
File
"C:\Users\Zohreh\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\scipy\optimize\_differentiable_functions.py",
line 251, in _update_fun
self._update_fun_impl()
File
"C:\Users\Zohreh\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\scipy\optimize\_differentiable_functions.py",
line 155, in update_fun
self.f = fun_wrapped(self.x)
File
"C:\Users\Zohreh\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\scipy\optimize\_differentiable_functions.py",
line 137, in fun_wrapped
fx = fun(np.copy(x), *args)
File
"F:\Zohreh\MainZohreh\postdoc-field\CSU\pythonProject\fit_test_2.py", line
17, in f
Vi_est = gamma - (1 / eta) * sp.log(alpha * L ** -eta + beta * K **
-eta)
File
"C:\Users\Zohreh\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\sympy\core\cache.py",
line 74, in wrapper
retval = func(*args, **kwargs)
File
"C:\Users\Zohreh\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\sympy\core\function.py",
line 476, in __new__
result = super().__new__(cls, *args, **options)
File
"C:\Users\Zohreh\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\sympy\core\cache.py",
line 74, in wrapper
retval = func(*args, **kwargs)
File
"C:\Users\Zohreh\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\sympy\core\function.py",
line 288, in __new__
evaluated = cls.eval(*args)
File
"C:\Users\Zohreh\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\sympy\functions\elementary\exponential.py",
line 718, in eval
coeff = arg.as_coefficient(I)
AttributeError: 'ImmutableDenseNDimArray' object has no attribute
'as_coefficient'
Zohreh Karimzadeh
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Zohreh-Karimzadeh
Skype Name 49a52224a8b6b38b
Twitter Account @zohrehkarimzad1
[email protected]
+989102116325
((((((((((((((((Value Water)))))))))))))))
Zohreh Karimzadeh
*https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Zohreh-Karimzadeh*
<https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Zohreh-Karimzadeh>
Skype Name 49a52224a8b6b38b
Twitter Account @zohrehkarimzad1
[email protected]
+989102116325
((((((((((((((((Value Water)))))))))))))))
On Thu, Aug 18, 2022 at 10:42 AM Peter Stahlecker <
[email protected]> wrote:
> I use lambdify quite a bit, on rather large expressions.
> Basically, it always works like this for me:
>
> import sympy as sm
> x1, x2, …, xn = sm.symbols(‚x1, x2, ….., xn‘)
> ….
> …
> expr = some expression of generally with me: sm.sin, sm.cos, sm.exp,
> sm.sqrt,
> sm.Heaviside, etc..
> This expression may have 50,000 terms, may be an (axb) matrix, whatever.
>
> expr_lam = sm.lambdify([x1, x2, …,xn], expr)
>
> Now I can evaluate expr_lam(…) like I would evaluate any numpy function.
>
> I have no idea, what expr_lam looks like, I would not know how to look at
> it.
> I assume, it converts sm.sin(..) to np.sin(…), etc
>
> This is how it works for me.
> As I do not really understand your points, like ‚dynamically created‘,
> ‚parse and subs‘, this may be of not help at all for you.
>
> Peter
>
>
> On Thu 18. Aug 2022 at 09:21 Zohreh Karimzadeh <[email protected]>
> wrote:
>
>> Before run I import sp.sqrt or sp.exp but after run they get
>> disappeared. My expression is big and dynamically created and not
>> possible to parse and subs np.exp or sp.exp.
>>
>> Zohreh Karimzadeh
>>
>> Contact me on
>> +989102116325
>> and at
>> [email protected]
>> 🌧️🌍🌱
>>
>>
>> On Thu, 18 Aug 2022, 01:17 Aaron Meurer, <[email protected]> wrote:
>>
>>> Your expression uses "sqrt" but you haven't imported it from anywhere,
>>> since you only did "import sympy as sp". You need to use sp.sqrt.
>>>
>>> Aaron Meurer
>>>
>>> On Wed, Aug 17, 2022 at 11:02 AM Zohreh Karimzadeh <
>>> [email protected]> wrote:
>>>
>>>> Here is my code:
>>>>
>>>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>>>> import numpy as np
>>>> import sympy as sp
>>>> import pandas as pd
>>>> #exp_NaCl path: F:\Zohreh\MainZohreh\postdoc-field\CSU\Duplicat_Pure
>>>> df =
>>>> pd.read_excel(r'F:\Zohreh\MainZohreh\postdoc-field\CSU\Duplicat_Pure\data.xlsx',
>>>> sheet_name='NaCl_exp')
>>>> XNa = df['XNa']
>>>> XCl = df['XCl']
>>>> Xwater = df['Xwater']
>>>> Y = df['gama_x']
>>>> L=['WwaterNaCl', 'UwaterNaCl', 'VwaterNaCl', 'XCl', 'XNa', 'Xwater',
>>>> 'BNaCl']
>>>> for j in range(len(L)):
>>>> locals()[L[j]] = sp.symbols(L[j])
>>>> expr = -0.0118343195266272*BNaCl*XCl*XNa*(-2*(9.19238815542512*sqrt(XNa) +
>>>> 9.19238815542512*sqrt(XCl + XNa) + 1)*exp(-9.19238815542512*sqrt(XNa) -
>>>> 9.19238815542512*sqrt(XCl + XNa)) + 2)/((XCl + XNa)*(sqrt(XNa) + sqrt(XCl
>>>> + XNa))**2) +
>>>> 0.00591715976331361*BNaCl*XCl*(-2*(9.19238815542512*sqrt(XNa) +
>>>> 9.19238815542512*sqrt(XCl + XNa) + 1)*exp(-9.19238815542512*sqrt(XNa) -
>>>> 9.19238815542512*sqrt(XCl + XNa)) + 2)/(sqrt(XNa) + sqrt(XCl + XNa))**2 +
>>>> 0.00591715976331361*BNaCl*XNa*(-2*(9.19238815542512*sqrt(XNa) +
>>>> 9.19238815542512*sqrt(XCl + XNa) + 1)*exp(-9.19238815542512*sqrt(XNa) -
>>>> 9.19238815542512*sqrt(XCl + XNa)) + 2)/(sqrt(XNa) + sqrt(XCl + XNa))**2 -
>>>> 1.0*Cl*WwaterNaCl*Xwater*(0.5*XCl + 0.5*XNa + 0.5)/XCl -
>>>> 0.5*Cl*WwaterNaCl/XCl - 4.0*UwaterNaCl*XCl*XNa*Xwater +
>>>> 2.0*UwaterNaCl*XCl*Xwater + 2.0*UwaterNaCl*XNa*Xwater - 4.0*UwaterNaCl*XNa
>>>> - 6.0*VwaterNaCl*XCl*XNa*Xwater**2 - 4.0*VwaterNaCl*XCl*Xwater**2 +
>>>> 2.0*VwaterNaCl*XNa*Xwater**2 - 1.0*WwaterNaCl*Xwater*(0.5*XCl + 0.5*XNa +
>>>> 0.5) + 2.0*WwaterNaCl*Xwater - 0.5*WwaterNaCl -
>>>> 1.45739430799067*(0.707106781186548*sqrt(XNa) + 0.707106781186548*sqrt(XCl
>>>> + XNa))*(-XCl - XNa + 1)/(9.19238815542512*sqrt(XNa) +
>>>> 9.19238815542512*sqrt(XCl + XNa) + 1) -
>>>> 1.45739430799067*(0.707106781186548*sqrt(XNa) + 0.707106781186548*sqrt(XCl
>>>> + XNa))*(-1.4142135623731*sqrt(XNa) - 1.4142135623731*sqrt(XCl + XNa) +
>>>> 1)/(9.19238815542512*sqrt(XNa) + 9.19238815542512*sqrt(XCl + XNa) + 1) -
>>>> 0.448429017843282*log(9.19238815542512*sqrt(XNa) +
>>>> 9.19238815542512*sqrt(XCl + XNa) + 1)
>>>> model_func = sp.lambdify(L, expr )
>>>>
>>>> def f(param):
>>>> BNaCl = param[0]
>>>> UwaterNaCl = param[1]
>>>> VwaterNaCl = param[2]
>>>> WwaterNaCl = param[3]
>>>> Y_est = model_func
>>>> return np.sum((np.log(Y) - Y_est)**2)
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> bnds = [(1, np.inf), (0, 1), (0, 1), (-1, np.inf)]
>>>> x0 = (1, 0.01, 0.98, 1)
>>>> con = {"type": "eq", "fun": c}
>>>>
>>>> result = minimize(f, x0, bounds=bnds)
>>>>
>>>> print(result.fun)
>>>> print(result.message)
>>>> print(result.x[0], result.x[1], result.x[2], result.x[3])
>>>>
>>>> while I got :
>>>> NameError: name 'sqrt' is not defined
>>>>
>>>> Zohreh Karimzadeh
>>>> *https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Zohreh-Karimzadeh*
>>>> <https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Zohreh-Karimzadeh>
>>>> Skype Name 49a52224a8b6b38b
>>>> Twitter Account @zohrehkarimzad1
>>>> [email protected]
>>>> +989102116325
>>>> ((((((((((((((((Value Water)))))))))))))))
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> On Wed, Aug 17, 2022 at 7:46 PM Peter Stahlecker <
>>>> [email protected]> wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> I use lambdify(....) a lot, but always like this:
>>>>>
>>>>> x = sympy.symbols('x')
>>>>> expr = symy.S(10.) * sympy.sqrt(x)
>>>>> expr_lam = sympy.lambdify([x], expr)
>>>>>
>>>>> a = expr_lam(10.)
>>>>>
>>>>> This seems to work for me.
>>>>>
>>>>> On Wed 17. Aug 2022 at 20:38, Zohreh Karimzadeh <
>>>>> [email protected]> wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>> Dear sympy group
>>>>>> Thanks for your sympy.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> I am working on a code, after creating my big expression using sympy
>>>>>> it includes sqrt.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> I need to lambdify my expression to make it consistent with numpy and
>>>>>> other suffs.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> expr =10 * sp.sqrt(sp.symbols('x'))
>>>>>>
>>>>>> model_func = sp.lambdify('x', expr)
>>>>>>
>>>>>> But I found my expression after lambdifying becomes somethings like
>>>>>> this:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> 10*sqrt(x)
>>>>>>
>>>>>> while I need :
>>>>>>
>>>>>> 10*numpy.sqrt(x)
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Could possibly let me know how get sqrt to work with numpy?
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Regards,
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Zohreh
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> --
>>>>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google
>>>>>> Groups "sympy" group.
>>>>>> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it,
>>>>>> send an email to [email protected].
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>>>>>> https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/sympy/1f0b313f-31c5-402e-991e-142a556016f4n%40googlegroups.com
>>>>>> <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/sympy/1f0b313f-31c5-402e-991e-142a556016f4n%40googlegroups.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer>
>>>>>> .
>>>>>>
>>>>> --
>>>>> Best regards,
>>>>>
>>>>> Peter Stahlecker
>>>>>
>>>>> --
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>>>>> an email to [email protected].
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>>>>> <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/sympy/CABKqA0ZoGwsadsk4SWCbJVMbCDwXcO_gNGumJH00GAeEFod7Cw%40mail.gmail.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer>
>>>>> .
>>>>>
>>>> --
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>>>> an email to [email protected].
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>>>> <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/sympy/CA%2B1XYLPRvXZ6jiJbUS_xpWNKqMuUH7Kt5evue%2BwKEwDMvGekBQ%40mail.gmail.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer>
>>>> .
>>>
>>>
>>>> --
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>>> an email to [email protected].
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>>> <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/sympy/CAKgW%3D6JfUmU7Uu%2BSrcA1STxVvWWm7bGWE%3Dit8CTchksTC0Qk7g%40mail.gmail.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer>
>>> .
>>>
>> --
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>> <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/sympy/CA%2B1XYLPiCR%3DS2Fac3FZtjMpspqB7BRKtYEi45BVWPjkizVbNvw%40mail.gmail.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer>
>> .
>>
> --
> Best regards,
>
> Peter Stahlecker
>
> --
> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups
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> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an
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> <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/sympy/CABKqA0b%3DF0akMH4oyg5%2By9dGvgrf_vvVJTnVhVduMP1f%2Bp1pFw%40mail.gmail.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer>
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