*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
Octave J. Orgeron
Solaris Virtualization Architect and Consultant
Web: http://unixconsole.blogspot.com
E-Mail: [email protected]
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----- Forwarded Message ----
From: Octave Orgeron <[email protected]>
To: Bart Smaalders <[email protected]>; Greg Jumper <[email protected]>
Cc: Eric J. Ray <[email protected]>; [email protected]; [email protected]; 
[email protected]; [email protected]; Lubomir Sedlacik 
<[email protected]>; [email protected]; [email protected]
Sent: Wednesday, March 25, 2009 9:31:08 PM
Subject: Re: [desktop-discuss] Does the AI opensolaris autoinstallation have 
the post script just like the postscripts in the jumpstart

This is an important discussion as AI is an extremely new framework and will 
take time for customers and 3rd party vendors to adapt to. I think custom 
jumpstart frameworks for most companies include the following:

1. Storage (disk mirroring, configuration of volume managers, formatting of 
disks, etc.)
2. Installation over the net of flash archives or pkg install
3. Installation of patches
4. Security hardening(usually before the first boot up off the disks)
5. Custom packages, scripts, etc.
6. Special configurations (IPMP, MPXIO, NFS shares, etc.)
7. Naming services (LDAP, Kerberos, RBAC, NIS, etc.)
8. Install applications, monitoring tools, backup software, etc (sun explorer, 
vts, jass, etc.).

Some of these things have to happen either before the first boot off the disks 
for security reasons or afterwards.

The concept of sticking everything in a package does place a greater dependency 
on SA's and developers to create proper IPS packages that can be installed and 
un-installed properly. Of course some things can be automated easily, while 
others require custom parameters in the profile to run correctly. I think the 
learning curve probably needs to be lessened by AI in some way. 

For example, in many jumpstart frame works, people will pass parameters through 
the profile that some begin/finish script uses to configure something (think 
IPMP, MPXIO, link aggregation, svm/zfs/etc on non boot disks, etc.). So this is 
a big area that many customers have spent time developing frameworks that build 
things out according to a standard of some kind to make things cookie cutter 
like and reduce SA intervention at provisioning time. Some of these things 
might make sense in an IPS pkg and others probably make more sense as post 
script. Or better yet.. perhaps the extra services/features need some AI 
integration for the profile, like IPMP, MPXIO, etc. ? That would prevent 
customers from having to do much other than learn the profile settings to pass 
on. Otherwise, they'll have to write scripts into an IPS pkg and figure out a 
way to get the parameters passed on.

Probably the biggest issue is that many of the settings customers want 
configured are in configuration files that must be edited, appended, 
overwritten, etc. Some jumpstart frameworks, like JET are smart enough to do 
things like copy the original before making a change or to append things. Of 
course, most jumpstart environments only handle the original provisioning and 
that's it. So if you care about how things change over time or who did what, 
there's no integrated CMDB solution in Solaris to make his easy for managing 
hundreds or thousands of servers. This is something Sun has left to the likes 
of Opsware, Bladelogic, Tivoli, puppet, cfengine, etc. 

I think the challenge with IPS or any package management tool is that you only 
have a few choices when you want to pkg up a change to a configuration file:

1. Clobber the original
2. Copy the original to *.bak or something, then clobber
3. Append the configuration file (which can lead to things getting clobbered if 
mulitple pkgs touch it)
4. To uninstall, you either nuke the conf file, leave it as is, or replace it 
with the original with a script

What would probably help administrators out is some way to have a method of 
flagging configuration files in IPS so that the original is archived and 
subsuquent changes from additional IPS pkg installs are tracked and archived as 
well.. perhaps a smart merge of some kind? That way if I make a IPS package 
that has configuration file changes to lets say sshd_conf and I remove it down 
the road, the original is restored without any scripting on my part.. it just 
does the right thing. Or lets say a third IPS package is installed that 
configures additional settings.. have IPS do an intelligent merge of the 
orignal, the second, and the third. If I remove the second pkg, only those 
settings that were merged into the configuration file are reverted back to the 
original if not already set by the 3rd. And I'm sure many SA's have dealt with 
Sun pushing out patches that clobber configuration files.. sendmail comes to 
mind. So this is an area where I think IPS could be
extended or a cmdb added to help out.

Anyways, just some ideas of things I'm sure other SAs are thinking about when 
reading up on AI.


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Octave J. Orgeron
Solaris Virtualization Architect and Consultant
Web: http://unixconsole.blogspot.com
E-Mail: [email protected]
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----- Original Message ----
From: Bart Smaalders <[email protected]>
To: Greg Jumper <[email protected]>
Cc: Eric J. Ray <[email protected]>; [email protected]; [email protected]; 
[email protected]; [email protected]; Lubomir Sedlacik 
<[email protected]>; [email protected]
Sent: Wednesday, March 25, 2009 7:06:30 PM
Subject: Re: [desktop-discuss] Does the AI opensolaris autoinstallation have 
the post script just like the postscripts in the jumpstart

Greg Jumper wrote:
> Hi Glenn,
> 
> You write:
> 
>      So, what exactly are people not understanding when we (the install team
>      working on this stuff) say 'provide us with concrete *requirements* of
>      what you *need* and not what you want'?  And saying 'we want jumpstart'
>      doesn't count.  Technology changes and moves on (and hopefully evolves
>      and gets better).
> 
> To maintain the functionality I have today, I require:
> 
>   - The ability to run Solaris commands to restore, create, edit,
>     rename, and otherwise customize the installed files.
> 
> Probably everything I personally do from a Jumpstart finish script
> could be done from a first-boot script (and I already do some things
> that way, although not by choice).  However, that approach has at
> least three drawbacks:
> 
>   1) The system is not available in its final-use configuration until
>      some indeterminate time after the installation "completes".
>      (I.e., installation and customization are distinct sequential
>      processes.)
>   2) In general, restarting of multiple services (so the script must
>      capture the relationships between customized files and services)
>      or an additional reboot is required.
>   3) When the system customizations include hardening, the system is
>      vulnerable during the first boot until the first-boot script
>      completes those customizations.
> 

Direct manipulation of the as-laid down image prior to first boot generally 
presupposes an unsupportable level of knowledge of exactly
how each Solaris subsystem configures itself, and the environment in
which overall installation occurs.

For example: What binaries do you expect to have available on the
boot image to manipulate those files?  Do you expect the same OS
version to be running during installation as is being installed?
Same patch level?

> Beyond its existence, I know nothing about IPS, so I'm a newbie.
> Is the implication that one Jumpstart finish script would have to be
> replaced by multiple IPS scripts?  For non-package-related
> customizations, do I just randomly pick an IPS package to piggyback on?

What subsystems are you trying to customize?  Please give examples.

- Bart









-- Bart Smaalders            Solaris Kernel Performance
[email protected]        http://blogs.sun.com/barts
"You will contribute more with mercurial than with thunderbird."
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