The technical term is a drop lane.  This might later intersect with a 
roundabout, join with another motorway or primary road etc.  Between junctions, 
a single way for each direction is commonplace.  At junctions, there are ways 
for the through lanes and for traffic exiting and entering the motorway.

For example, on a 3-lane motorway with 3 lanes going in one direction and no 
junction anywhere near, the way would typically be placed along the centre of 
lane 2.

However, when lane 1 is designated as a drop lane, what was being mapped as 1 
way needs to split into 2 ways.

The question is where ?

There are various anticipatory changes in road markings well ahead of the 
physical separation of the asphalt, together with blue and white signs, some of 
which precede the first of the changes in road markings.

In the case described above, my convention is to pick the start of the shorter 
dashes between the drop lane (1) and the through lanes (2 and 3).  From then 
onwards, the way for the through lanes is mapped along the longer dashes 
dividing lanes 2 and 3, while the way for the drop lane is mapped along the 
centre of lane 1.

Others do it differently.

See "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/traffic-signs-manual"; from 
where you can download "Traffic signs manual chapter 5 road markings (2019)" 
which is a PDF.  Page 82 contains figure 7.7 and text documenting drop lane 
road markings.
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