Proj is like that: it goes wrong silently. I have had a quick look at the 
question of proj data files. There is a package called proj-data which contains 
all the data files that proj might look for. There is information on Docker 
https://hub.docker.com/r/osgeo/proj/ and on the proj website 
https://proj.org/en/stable/install.html . Also, if it configured correctly, 
proj should automatically download any data file which it looks for, but isn't 
in the data files folder.

I am encouraging you to use ETRS89 coords *because it will fit best with what 
OSM is doing in GB*. The OS has always worked with coordinates fixed to the 
land. They do all their surveying with GNSS receivers using RTK, and they work 
in ETRS89. Then they pass almost all of their data through the lens of National 
Grid (using OSTN15) before making it available. Thereby they cause a lot of 
confusion. The archive data you are working with was obtained by classical 
surveying methods: triangulation and levelling, using optical instruments 
(theodolites). The coordinates are inherently fixed to the land because the 
triangulation pillars are fixed to the land. So the date does not come into it; 
the measurement would have been the same whenever they did it. And most of the 
surveying was done before the idea of plate tectonics was accepted.

On the other hand, the WGS84/ITRS coords of a given landmark are constantly 
changing. So if you convert to WGS84/ITRS you will be obliged to choose the 
date for which the conversion will be done. I guess most people would choose 
the date on which they did the conversion. Perhaps the different iterations 
(e.g. WGS84 G1762, ITRF2020) come with default dates if you don't choose one 
(or if the software doesn't let you choose). If you want to see what the 
difference is between ETRF and ITRF coords, there is a conversion tool on the 
EUREF website https://epncb.oma.be/_productsservices/coord_trans/ . This tool 
allows you to choose the date for which the conversion will be done. But 
understanding this tool, is hard. It really is specialist stuff.

I think it would be a good idea for our colleagues in the USA to choose a 
specific date for their conversions to WGS84. This is so that different users' 
contributions will match up. Perhaps they have chosen a date by default, by 
recommending to convert to WGS84 G2139. This is on 
https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/How_to_transform_data_from_NAD83_to_WGS84 .

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