To make a bootable Fedora installation disk, I just do a dd from the .iso 
file to the USB flash stick (not a filesystem on the USB device)

These work well for system repairs as well as installation.

When you boot from these sticks, they offer an integrity check: the whole 
image is checked against a know checksum.

Unfortunately, if Windows sees one of these sticks, it mutate the 
contents.  So future integrity checks will fail.

I've suffered from this for years: if you are not fast enough during POST 
to hit the key that lets you specify the boot device, your system might 
boot into Windows.  And then your bootable stick is ruined.

I learned a few things from links in Villy Kuses' posting in 
<https://discussion.fedoraproject.org/t/why-does-windows-corrupt-the-fedora-bootable-flash-drive/106405/3>

Basically, this stick has a FAT ESP and Windows adds a magic file and 
changes a timestamp.  How rude.

It turns out that the USB stick will boot.  Just don't do an integrity 
check.

I wish USB sticks had read-only mechanical switch.
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