Use the passwd/group cache functions in mtree(1) to avoid repeatedly
looking up the same user/group.  The passwd and group files are
kept open too.

Index: usr.sbin/mtree/create.c
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvs/src/usr.sbin/mtree/create.c,v
retrieving revision 1.32
diff -u -p -u -r1.32 create.c
--- usr.sbin/mtree/create.c     16 Aug 2016 16:41:46 -0000      1.32
+++ usr.sbin/mtree/create.c     13 Sep 2018 15:39:12 -0000
@@ -127,11 +127,10 @@ cwalk(void)
 static void
 statf(int indent, FTSENT *p)
 {
-       struct group *gr;
-       struct passwd *pw;
        u_int32_t len, val;
        int fd, offset;
-       char *name, *escaped_name;
+       const char *name;
+       char *escaped_name;
        size_t esc_len;
 
        esc_len = p->fts_namelen * 4 + 1;
@@ -157,8 +156,9 @@ statf(int indent, FTSENT *p)
                output(indent, &offset, "type=%s", 
inotype(p->fts_statp->st_mode));
        if (p->fts_statp->st_uid != uid) {
                if (keys & F_UNAME) {
-                       if ((pw = getpwuid(p->fts_statp->st_uid)) != NULL) {
-                               output(indent, &offset, "uname=%s", 
pw->pw_name);
+                       name = user_from_uid(p->fts_statp->st_uid, 1);
+                       if (name != NULL) {
+                               output(indent, &offset, "uname=%s", name);
                        } else {
                                error("could not get uname for uid=%u",
                                    p->fts_statp->st_uid);
@@ -169,8 +169,9 @@ statf(int indent, FTSENT *p)
        }
        if (p->fts_statp->st_gid != gid) {
                if (keys & F_GNAME) {
-                       if ((gr = getgrgid(p->fts_statp->st_gid)) != NULL) {
-                               output(indent, &offset, "gname=%s", 
gr->gr_name);
+                       name = group_from_gid(p->fts_statp->st_gid, 1);
+                       if (name != NULL) {
+                               output(indent, &offset, "gname=%s", name);
                        } else {
                                error("could not get gname for gid=%u",
                                    p->fts_statp->st_gid);
@@ -270,8 +271,6 @@ statd(FTS *t, FTSENT *parent, uid_t *pui
        gid_t sgid;
        uid_t suid;
        mode_t smode;
-       struct group *gr;
-       struct passwd *pw;
        gid_t savegid = *pgid;
        uid_t saveuid = *puid;
        mode_t savemode = *pmode;
@@ -281,6 +280,7 @@ statd(FTS *t, FTSENT *parent, uid_t *pui
        gid_t g[MAXGID];
        uid_t u[MAXUID];
        mode_t m[MAXMODE];
+       const char *name;
        static int first = 1;
 
        if ((p = fts_children(t, 0)) == NULL) {
@@ -327,16 +327,16 @@ statd(FTS *t, FTSENT *parent, uid_t *pui
                else
                        (void)printf("/set type=file");
                if (keys & F_UNAME) {
-                       if ((pw = getpwuid(saveuid)) != NULL)
-                               (void)printf(" uname=%s", pw->pw_name);
+                       if ((name = user_from_uid(saveuid, 1)) != NULL)
+                               (void)printf(" uname=%s", name);
                        else
                                error("could not get uname for uid=%u", 
saveuid);
                }
                if (keys & F_UID)
                        (void)printf(" uid=%u", saveuid);
                if (keys & F_GNAME) {
-                       if ((gr = getgrgid(savegid)) != NULL)
-                               (void)printf(" gname=%s", gr->gr_name);
+                       if ((name = group_from_gid(savegid, 1)) != NULL)
+                               (void)printf(" gname=%s", name);
                        else
                                error("could not get gname for gid=%u", 
savegid);
                }
Index: usr.sbin/mtree/mtree.c
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvs/src/usr.sbin/mtree/mtree.c,v
retrieving revision 1.24
diff -u -p -u -r1.24 mtree.c
--- usr.sbin/mtree/mtree.c      20 Dec 2015 19:53:24 -0000      1.24
+++ usr.sbin/mtree/mtree.c      13 Sep 2018 15:39:12 -0000
@@ -155,6 +155,10 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
                }
        }
 
+       /* Keep passwd and group files open for faster lookups. */
+       setpassent(1);
+       setgroupent(1);
+
        if (dir && chdir(dir))
                error("%s: %s", dir, strerror(errno));
 
Index: usr.sbin/mtree/spec.c
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvs/src/usr.sbin/mtree/spec.c,v
retrieving revision 1.28
diff -u -p -u -r1.28 spec.c
--- usr.sbin/mtree/spec.c       16 Aug 2016 16:41:46 -0000      1.28
+++ usr.sbin/mtree/spec.c       13 Sep 2018 15:39:12 -0000
@@ -169,8 +169,6 @@ set(char *t, NODE *ip)
 {
        int type;
        char *kw, *val = NULL;
-       struct group *gr;
-       struct passwd *pw;
        void *m;
        int value;
        u_int32_t fset, fclr;
@@ -207,9 +205,8 @@ set(char *t, NODE *ip)
                                error("invalid gid %s", val);
                        break;
                case F_GNAME:
-                       if ((gr = getgrnam(val)) == NULL)
+                       if (gid_from_group(val, &ip->st_gid) == -1)
                            error("unknown group %s", val);
-                       ip->st_gid = gr->gr_gid;
                        break;
                case F_IGN:
                        /* just set flag bit */
@@ -302,9 +299,8 @@ set(char *t, NODE *ip)
                                error("invalid uid %s", val);
                        break;
                case F_UNAME:
-                       if ((pw = getpwnam(val)) == NULL)
+                       if (uid_from_user(val, &ip->st_uid) == -1)
                            error("unknown user %s", val);
-                       ip->st_uid = pw->pw_uid;
                        break;
                }
        }

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