Pranam Information furnished must be verified and the presentations in case of lacking positive statement the pros and the cons shall be furnished so that the readers sift from them. Giving erroneous facts and stating subject to errors is like that of Goebbels charters. In view of the following contradictions in the *UTTARA KANDA*, I think the entire Uttara Kanda is a *PRAKSHIPTA, *an insertion made at a latter date.
1) The story of Srimad Ramayana ends with Sri Rama's coronation as the King of Kosala Kingdom. Sage Valmiki describes in the concluding chapter of Yuddha Kanda that having enjoyed the kingship for ten thousand years, Sri Rama performed a hundred horse-sacrifices. It was described very briefly about the happy life of the people of Kosala kingdom during the reign of Sri Rama. सर्वे लक्षणसम्पन्नाः सर्वे धर्मपरायणाः || *दशवर्षसहस्राणि* *रामो* *राज्यमकारयत्* | (Yuddha Kanda 128 Sarga 106 Sloka) "All the people were endowed with excellent characteristics. All were engaged in virtue. Rama was engaged in the kingship thus for *Ten thousand* years." 2) This was followed by *PHALA SRUTI. *In the fag end slokas of Yuddha Kanda *PHALA SRUTI,* the result of reading Srimad Ramayana, was described. धर्मयं यशस्यमायुष्यं राज्ञां च विजाअवहम् || आदिकाव्यमिदं चार्षं पुरा वाल्मीकिना कृतम् | पठेद्यः शृणुयाल्लोके नरः पापात्प्रमुच्यते || (Yuddha Kanda 128 Sarga 107-108 Slokas) "In this world, whoever person reads and listens to this foremost lyric derived from the speech of a sage, which is endowed with righteousness, conferring fame and longevity, fetching victory to kings and as written at first by Valmiki, that person is delivered from all misfortune." श्रुत्वा रामायणमिदं दीर्घमायिश्च विन्दति | रामस्य विजयं चैव सर्वमक्लिष्ठकर्मणः || (Yuddha Kanda 128 Sarga 112 Sloka) "On hearing this epic of Ramayana and all the episode of victory of Rama, who was unweary in his actions, a person gets longevity to life." विनायकाश्च शाम्यन्ति गृहे तिष्ठन्ति यस्य वै | विजयेत महीं राजा प्रवासि स्वस्तिमान् भवेत् || (Yuddha Kanda 128 Sarga 116 Sloka) "Whoever carefully listens to the epic in his house, all obstacles come to an end. A king conquers the earth. A person staying away from home, fares well." In all Hindu Paraayana texts it is a tradition to incorporate the* PHALA SRUTI, the result of reading a Sacred Text, in the end of any PAARAYANA *but not in the middle. Hence, if the *PHALA SRUTI* was added at the end of Yuddha Kanda of Srimad Ramayana, it indicates that Sage Valmiki in fact closed his writing on Srimad Ramayana with that Sarga. Consequently,* UTTARA KANDA can be concluded to be a PRAKSHIPA,* and insertion made at a latter date, 3) While trying to stop Ravana in ordering killing of Sri Hanuma, Vibhishana says there was no precedence, of killing messenger (Sundara Kanda). वैरूप्याम् अन्गेषु कश अभिघातो | मौण्ड्यम् तथा लक्ष्मण सम्निपातः | एतान् हि दूते प्रवदन्ति दण्डान् | *वधः* *तु* *दूतस्य* *न* *नः* *श्रुतो* *अपि* || *(Sundara Kanda 52 Sarga 15 Sloka)* "Some of the punishments to an envoy are-deforming the limbs, striking with a whip, shaving the head and impressing marks on the body. Indeed,* we have not heard at any time of killing a messenger.*" Vibhishana was saying just *One month before Great Battle *that took place in Lanka. He was saying that till then there was* no precedence of Killing a messenger*. However, it was narrated in the *13 th Sarga of Uttara Kanda* about *killing of the messenger of Kubera by Ravana*. This incident *stated to had been took place* at the time of Ravana's commencement of wars on Devatas, Yakshas, Gandharvas, etc, at his younger age. Had Ravana really killed a messenger of Kubera, Vibhishana might not had said that there was* no precedence of Killing a messenger.* Hence, the *Uttara Kanda is PRAKSHIPTA* 4) In the far end slokas of Yuddha Kanda it was described that While Rama was ruling the kingdom, people survived for thousands of years, with thousands of their progeny, all free of illness and grief. And, *old people did not perform obsequies concerning youngsters.* निर्दस्युरभवल्लोको नानर्थः कन् चिदस्पृशत् | *न* *च* *स्म* *वृद्धा* *बालानां* *प्रेतकार्याणि* *कुर्वते* || (Yuddha Kanda 128 Sarga 100 Sloka) "The world was bereft of thieves and robberies. No one felt worthless *nor did old people perform obsequies concerning youngsters."* It is said by 'Valmiki' that in Sri Rama's reign there were no premature deaths in his kingdom. It would be unbearable to a father, if his son dies before him. Any father wishes to die in the hands of his son. It was stated in above sloka that while Sri Rama was ruling the kingdom of Kosala, *no youngster died before his father died consequently old people did not perform obsequies concerning youngsters. *. *However, a premature death of a son of a Brahmin was described in the 73 - 76 Sargas of Uttara Kanda.* *It happened that a certain Brahman's son died in a premature death. The bereaved father carried his body to the gate of the king's palace, and placing it there, cried aloud and bitterly reproached Sri Rama for the death of his son, saying that it must be the consequence of some sin committed within his realm, and that the king himself was guilty if he did not punish it; and finally threatened to end his life there by sitting on a dharana (hunger-strike) against Sri Rama unless his son was restored to life.* *Sri Rama thereupon consulted his council of eight learned Rishis, and Narada amongst them told him that some Shudra among his subjects must have been performing Tapasya (ascetic exercises), and thereby going against Dharma (sacred law), for according to it, the practice of Tapasya was proper to the twice-born alone, while the duty of the Shudras consisted only in the service of the "twice-born". Sri Rama was thus convinced that it was the sin committed by a Shudra in transgressing Dharma in that manner, which was responsible for the death of the Brahmin boy.* *So, Sri Rama mounted his aerial car and searched the countryside for the culprit. At last, in a wild region far away to the south he espied a man practicing rigorous austerity of a certain kind. He approached the man, and with no more ado than to enquire of him. That person inform himself that he was a Shudra, by name Sambuka, who was practicing Tapasya with a view to going to heaven in his own earthly person. Sri Rama without so much as a warning, expostulation or the like addressed to him, cut off his head.* *At that very moment the dead Brahman boy in distant Ayodhya began to breathe again. Here in the wilds the Gods rained flowers on the king from their joy at his having prevented a Shudra from gaining admission to their celestial abode through the power of the Tapasya which he had no right to perform. They also appeared before Sri Rama and congratulated him on his deed. In answer to his prayer to them to revive the dead Brahman boy lying at the palace gate in Ayodhya, they informed him that he had already come to life.* *This episode of Sambuka described in 73 - 76 Sargas of Uttara Kanda contradicts the statement of Sage Valmiki that in Sri Rama's reign there were no premature deaths.* *Thus, UTTARA KANDA can be concluded to be a PRAKSHIPA,** and insertion made at a latter date,* *5)* Srimad Ramayana was written much earlier to Mahabharata. *In the 272-289 Sections of Vana Parva* of Mahabharata, the story of Sri Rama was narrated to Yuddhistara by Sage Markandeya. Though the story contains minor variations compared to the story told in the Srimad Ramayana, those episodes describe the story of Sri Rama in full. However, the sage Markandeya *ends the story of Sri Rama in 289 Section of Vana Parva* of Mahabharata with the coronation of Sri Rama as the king of Kosala Kingdom. No mention was made therein the story of UTTARA KANDA. We can quote many such contradictions. Hence, the *Uttara Kanda is PRAKSHIPTA in its entirety.* K R IRS 23121 On Fri, 22 Jan 2021 at 19:42, 'gopala krishnan' via iyer123 < [email protected]> wrote: > *CULTURAL QA 01-2021-17* > > *Being a compilation there may be errors* > > *Q1 How do I improve my digestion?* > > A1 Manisha Ghodke August 5-2020 .Everyone experiences occasional > digestive symptoms such as upset stomach, gas, heartburn, nausea, > constipation or diarrhoea. > > However, when these symptoms occur frequently, they can cause major > disruptions to your life. > > Fortunately, diet and lifestyle changes can have a positive impact on your > gut health. > > A high-fibre diet promotes regular bowel movements and may protect against > many digestive disorders. Three common types of fibre are soluble and > insoluble fibre, as well as prebiotics. > > Adequate fat intake improves the absorption of some fat-soluble nutrients > like omega 3 fatty acids. > > *Insufficient fluid intake is a common cause of constipation*. Increase > your water intake by drinking non-caffeinated beverages and eating fruits > and vegetables that have high water content. > > *Stress negatively impacts your digestion and has been linked to IBS, > ulcers, constipation and diarrhoea.* Reducing stress can improve > digestive symptoms. > > Chewing food thoroughly breaks it down so that it can be digested more > easily. The act also produces saliva, which is needed for proper mixing of > food in your stomach. > > To know more, get in touch with Qua Nutrition-Signature Nutrition Clinic. > > *Q2 How did Ravana defeat Kubera?* > > A2 Bhanu Kiran19-1-2021-Kubera handed over Lanka to Ravana even > before their war. Ravana had sent a message to Kubera to hand over Lanka > to him which originally belonged to the Rakshasas. > > Kubera then consulted his father Vishrava. Vishrava instructed Kubera to > abandon Lanka and build a residence in Kailasa. Kubera agreed to his > father’s instructions and left to Kailasa with his family. Ravana and his > troops then entered Lanka and started living there. > > After obtaining Lanka, Ravana then marched to Kailasa for defeating Kubera. > When Kubera saw Ravana, he told that a person who disrespects his mother, > father, brother or preceptor will see the consequence when he comes under > the subjugation of Yama. Having said this, Kubera then struck Maricha and > few other Rakshasas and they were forced to retreat. > > Kubera proceeded towards Ravana and struck Ravana on the head with his > club. But Ravana was unmoved. Then they struck each other and both of them > became intolerant. *Kubera took out his Agni weapon and released it > against Ravana. Ravana countered it with Varuna weapon.* > > Ravana then struck Kubera on the head with his large club. Kubera fell > down and lost his consciousness. Kubera was immediately taken away from > battlefield from his family members. As a sign of victory, Ravana seized > the Pushpaka Vimana of Kubera and returned to Lanka. In the below quotes, > Dhanada > is none other than Kubera. Its just his another name. > > Having said this, he struck all the advisers, Maricha and the others, such > that they were repulsed and forced to run away. After this, the > great-souled Indra among the yakshas struck Dashagriva on the head with a > club. However, he did not waver from the spot. O Rama! In that great > battle, they then struck each other. They did not fall unconscious. Nor > were they exhausted. Both of them became even more intolerant. In the > battle, Dhanada released agneyastra. Dashagriva countered the weapon with > varunastra. The lord of the rakshasas then immersed himself in the maya of > the rakshasas. He struck Dhanada on the head with his gigantic club. Thus > struck, he lost his senses and blood started to flow. The lord of treasures > fell down, like an ashoka tree severed at the root. Padma and the other > nidhis took the lord of treasures to the grove of Nandana and revived > Dhanada. O Rama! Thus, Dhanada was vanquished by the lord of the > rakshasas. As a sign of his victory, he seized Pushpaka vimana. > > Ref: Valmiki Ramayana CE Uttara Kanda Chapter 7(15) > > *Q3 What are some good examples of innocence?* > > A3 Ritesh Kumar Mishra January 7-2020 > > Ramakrishna used to give talks to his disciples but when his wife cooked > the food, he directly entered into the kitchen just to see what Sarada > was cooking. > > Sarada used to be surprise because she knew he is a great spiritual > master. She often told him, does it suit you to come into kitchen and to > enquire what I am cooking, you are a great teacher, what will your > disciples contemplate about you? > > He said, “I love food, there is nothing wrong to enquire the same.” > > Ramakrishna used to leave the talks and he enquired about the food. A > simplicity, a childlike behaviour, curiosity like a child, he was full of > innocence. > > *Q4 Why doesn't Chennai have many high-rise buildings?* > > A4 Nakul Sethuram. The city doesn’t have many high-rise building > compared to the Suburbs.[1] > > This is because of the presence of Weather radar at the Chennai port, > which prohibits the construction of building beyond 50m. Because of this > restriction, the houses were built less than 50m. LIC building was the > tallest building at that time (54m). Later, in 1998, it was extended to 60m. > > Later, in 2008, CMDA (Chennai Metropolitan Development Association) > permitted to construct buildings beyond 60m. As the city center was > mostly filled with the buildings below 50m, the height of the building > seldom exceeds 50m. Most of the skyscrapers were built in Perambur and > suburbs like Egattur and Solinganallur. Currently, the city has 96 > high-rise buildings and 148 under construction > > Bayview tower of Hiranandani is the tallest building in Chennai with a > maximum height of 140 metres. > > Q5 Why are goddess Kali devotees the maximum number in West > Bengal? > > A5 Aryan Parashar December 12-2020 > > You will get your answer from my following questions:- > > Why Lord Krishna's devotees are maximum in Vrindavan, entire Braja and > Dwarka? > > Why Lord Shiva's devotee are in maximum number in Kashi,Ujjain and > Uttrakhand? > > Why Ganesha's devotees are in maximum number in Maharashtra? > > Why Ambika Devi's devotees are in maximum number in North India? > > Why Murugan Swami's and Ayappan Swami's devotees are in maximum number in > South > India? > > Hope you got your answer.Jaya Jaya Bhagwati Dakshina Kalika Parmeshwari !! > > Ps. I'm not a Bengali but a Kalika Bhakta > > *Q6 What is the most unforgettable sentence that someone said to > you?* > > A6 Hina Anser January 16-2021 > > A few years ago, I heard a voice in the street. Then someone knocks on > the door, and as I open the door. There is one hawker, who is selling grams > and groundnuts (Chana Wala). He greets me and also greets him back. Then, > I ask him about the price of the groundnuts. > > Hawker: Its price is 110 rupees per kg. > > Me: I have 200 rupees and I don’t have the change, so keep 200. > > Hawker: Just remember me in your prayers. > > Me: What about 10 rupees? > > Hawker: I said you, just remember me in your prayers. > > Me: I give him 100 rupees and then he leaves. > > His reply is the most unforgettable sentence for me. *Most people > consider hawkers dumb, but for me, he is the smartest man.* > > Because on that day, he takes more precious things for me in turn of 10 > rupees, which is prayers. Being a Muslim, I prayer 5 times a day. So, I > always remember that hawker in my prayers 5 times a day on a daily basis. It’s > been 3 years, but I still remember him in my prayers. > > Be Humble: My ego will not be hurt by taking help from others. > > *Q7 Can I pray to Lord Krishna during periods?* > > A7 Shree Keshava Dated January 15-2021 > > Even Mata Draupadi was in her periods when “Vastraharan” took place: > > Alas, during my season, stained with blood, with but a single cloth on, > trembling all over, and weeping, I was dragged to the court of the Kurus! > Beholding me, stained with blood in the presence of those kings in the > assembly, the wicked sons of Dhritarashtra laughed at me!” > > Panchali was going through her menses then. She was weeping and clad in a > single garment tied below the navel, she went to the sabha and stood before > her father-in-law-BORI CE > > And Dussasana dragging Krishna of long long locks unto the presence of the > assembly as if she were helpless though having powerful protectors--and > pulling at her, made her tremble like the banana plant in a storm. And > dragged by him, with body bent, she faintly cried--'Wretch! it ill behoveth > thee to take me before the assembly. My season hath come, and I am now > clad in one piece of attire-KMG > > Now, did Sri Krishna say, “You are on a period so don’t pray to me and i > won’t protect you!”? > > Whenever i hear STRONG WOMAN, Mata Draupadi’s name would always come in my > mind! > > Tech Lead at Cognizant (company) (2018–present) > > *Q8 Where are deserts that there shouldn't be?* > > A8 Prajwal Gangadhar January 6-2021 > > The Curse of Talakaadu-In the lush greenery of Mysore, India, there lies > a small town called Talakaadu that is a mini desert. > > And the suspected cause of this geological shift? > > A curse > > Legend goes that in 1610. a vassal king Tirumala Raja of the famed > Vijayanagara Empire who was ruling the city of Srirangapattna contracted > an incurable disease. Talakaadu was a piligrimage site for Hindus where > they worshipped Lord Vaidyeshwara (god of medicine), an incarnation of > Lord Shiva. > > So Tirumala Raja set out to Talakaadu to offer his sacrifices to the lord > and left his wife Alemelamma in charge of the affairs of Srirangapattna. > > However, Tirumala Raja’s health deteriorated and hearing this, Alemelamma > immediately set out to Talakaadu to be with her husband and handed over the > affairs of Srirangapatna to Raja Wodeyar of the Wodeyar Dynasty of the > Kingdom of Mysore. > > Now it is said that Raja Wodeyar had his eyes on Alemelamma’s crown jewels > (and some legends say that he had his eyes on her itself). Hence seizing > the opportunity, he dispatched an army to intercept her and forcibly take > the jewels. > > Alemelamma, getting furious at this and seeing no other way out, throws > her jewels into the River Cauvery, utters the following curse near a place > called Malangi: > > Talkādu Maralaāgi. > > Let Talakadu turn into sand > > Mālingi maduvaāgi > > Let Malangi be filled with Whirlpools > > Mysuru dhorege makkalagade hōgali. > > May the kings of Mysore forever be heirless > > and plunged into the waters of Cauvery. > > Talakaadu, although is easily navigable is since then submerged in sands > along with a lot of its temples from its age. And The Wodeyar Dynasty is > still heirless even after 400 years. They either adopt to continue the > lineage or the paternal uncles take over the crown. Sources:Wiki on Talakaad > > *Q9 What are some secrets about Goddess Lakshmi?* > > A9 Dolly Sehgal October 31 Lives in India > > I am pretty sure that most of the people won't know this Divine form of > Maa as given in Sri LakshmiNarayana Hrudhyam! > > It is so merciful that I am not finding the exact Picture which could even > reach near this description and I suggest you all to go through > LakshmiNarayana > Hrudhyam, Atleast for once![1] > > I pray to Goddess Lakshmi, who wears yellow silk, Who holds two lotus > flowers in her two hands, I pray Lakshmi who holds lotus flower and rides > on a lion. > > She shines holding a citrus fruit, mace, and a shield in her hands, I > salute the Shakthi who adorns herself by using the moon, I salute the very > pretty one who is the sister of moon, the Lord of the night, I salute the > personification of devotion who helps people to cross the ocean of life, > And I salute her who is wisdom and who is the consort of killer of Madhu. > > Salutations to Lakshmi, who is the personification of divinity, who is of > the colour of pure Gold, Who has a shining form, who cloths herself in gold > colour apparel, who wears all ornaments, Who holds a golden pot full of > pomegranate seeds, as also a lotus made of gold, Who is the primeval power, > mother of all and who has all auspicious things. > > Footnotes [1] Sri Lakshmi Narayana Hrudayam > > *Q10 How deep is the sand of the Sahara? What is below it? Is it a > gradual transition, or is it like pure sand dumped directly on some > previous flat surface?* > > Originally Answered: How deep is the sand of the Sahara Desert? What is > below it? Is it a gradual transition, or is it like pure sand dumped > directly on some previous flat surface? > > A10 John Flavin Updated March 5, 2019-Professional Geologist and > Engineer > > The Sahara, Arabic for desert, stretches across North Africa. The Sahara > is the world's largest non-polar desert, over 9,000,000 km² (3,500,000 > mi²), which is about the same size as the United States. > > Although the Sahara is famous for sand-swept dunes, the majority of the > surface is comprised of hamada or rocky plateau. The Sahara's fabled dune > fields cover only about 15% of the entire desert's surface and lie > primarily in the north-central region. In the dune laden sections of > Algeria and Libya, the sand thickness varies because dunes can pile up to a > height of several hundred meters, but then change as the sand moves. > > The desert expanse is dominated by rocky barren stretches with arid hills > and valleys. > > What many do not realize is the Sahara was once a fertile area that > supported thriving human communities. > > A study of cores revealed that North Africa's ancient climate underwent > swift desertification and a climate shift transforming the region from a > humid, subtropical landscape to desert within a matter of years. This > occurred around 4200 B.C. It returned to the same desert conditions that > dominated the area 13,000 years earlier. > > When the climate began to change, the Sahara region became parched and the > vegetation died away. With nothing to hold the soil, wind action was able > to remove all of the fine sediment until only sand, rocks, and bedrock > remained. > > PROBABLE CAUSE > > The change from the mid-Holocene climate to that of today was initiated by > changes in the Earth's orbit and the tilt of Earth's axis. Some 9,000 > years ago, Earth's tilt was 24.14 degrees, as compared with the current > 23.45 degrees, and perihelion, (the point in the Earth's orbit that is > closest to the Sun), occurred at the end of July, as compared with early > January now. At that time, the Northern Hemisphere received more summer > sunlight, which amplified the African and Indian summer monsoon. > > The changes in Earth's orbit occurred gradually, whereas the evolution of > North Africa's climate and vegetation were abrupt. German researcher > Claussen and his colleagues believe that various feedback mechanisms within > Earth's climate system amplified and modified the effects touched off by > the orbital changes. By modeling the impact of climate, oceans, and > vegetation both separately and in various combinations, the researchers > concluded that oceans played only a minor role in the Sahara's > desertification. > > FUN FACT > > Wadi El Hitan, (Whale Valley), in Egypt contains the fossilized remains of > an extinct sub-order of whales. Evidently, the valley was part of a > shallow marine basin 40–50 million years ago. The desertification helped > both preserve and reveal a tremendous hoard of fossils. > > All the above QA are based on Quora digest to me on 22-1-2021. Quora > answers need not be 100% correct answers > > *Compiled and posted by R. Gopala krishnan on 22-1-2021* > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "iyer123" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected]. > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/iyer123/510979596.1598873.1611324756973%40mail.yahoo.com > <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/iyer123/510979596.1598873.1611324756973%40mail.yahoo.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> > . > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/CAL5XZorETzY%3Doatk87qco1o2JmXeeC87MWCDnQDrjEmsNrYcPQ%40mail.gmail.com.
